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WO2006052165A9 - Reacteur-separateur au plasma - Google Patents

Reacteur-separateur au plasma

Info

Publication number
WO2006052165A9
WO2006052165A9 PCT/RU2005/000554 RU2005000554W WO2006052165A9 WO 2006052165 A9 WO2006052165 A9 WO 2006052165A9 RU 2005000554 W RU2005000554 W RU 2005000554W WO 2006052165 A9 WO2006052165 A9 WO 2006052165A9
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
melt
chamber
raw material
electrodes
partition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/RU2005/000554
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Other versions
WO2006052165B1 (fr
WO2006052165A3 (fr
WO2006052165A2 (fr
Inventor
Jury Aleksandrovich Burlov
Ivan Jurievich Burlov
Aleksandr Jurievich Burlov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2006052165A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006052165A2/fr
Publication of WO2006052165A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006052165A3/fr
Publication of WO2006052165B1 publication Critical patent/WO2006052165B1/fr
Publication of WO2006052165A9 publication Critical patent/WO2006052165A9/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
    • C22B9/226—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation by electric discharge, e.g. plasma
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/20—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1536—Devices for plugging tap holes, e.g. plugs stoppers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to electric arc plasma reactors for the simultaneous production of melt refractory, metallic and non-metallic materials and sublimates, mainly special types of artificial binding cement clinkers having a high degree of melt viscosity and associated non-ferrous metals and can be used in the cement, chemical industry and metallurgy.
  • Plasma reactor - separator for simultaneous melting of refractory metal materials and refractory nonmetallic materials and sublimates containing a chamber with a cylindrical body, rod hollow electrodes passing into the chamber through the upper hermetic cover, heat exchanging elements made in the form of inclined pouring shelves, which delay the fall of raw material mounted in the cavity of the electrodes, heat exchange elements are made in the form of a screw, delaying the fall of the raw material; in the cavity of the electrodes, a channel for evacuating off-gases and sublimates, located in an airtight lid, openings for withdrawing a melt of refractory metal materials in the bottom of the chamber, an electromagnetic coil, channels for withdrawing a melt of a lighter binder (refractory non-metallic materials) located between the openings for the withdrawal of the melt of refractory metallic materials, four side feeders with channels for entering a part of the dry raw material and creating a skull on the lining in Ideally, conical slopes at the boundary of the melt mirror, the channels are
  • the invention allows to significantly increase the reliability of operation and the service life of the electrodes (utilization rate, the lifetime of the continuous operation of the unit as a whole), due to incomplete immersion into the melt, as well as the durability of the partition by cooling the raw material and creating additional skull in the form of conical slopes on the border melt mirrors, increase reactor productivity, quality of the finished product, reduce energy costs, simplify the design.
  • the alleged invention relates to devices for the simultaneous production of refractory, metallic and non-metallic materials and sublimates, mainly special types of clinkers, artificial binders, such as cement clinker, having a high degree of viscosity of the melt and associated alloys of metals and can be used in the cement industry.
  • a device for melting a material, mainly cement clinker, containing a chamber, horizontal solid rod electrodes, holes for waste entry, a hole for steam injection, a hole for exhaust gases (RF Patent Ne 157060 C2 H 05 B 7/00 dated 12.15.1998. "Plasma-Chemical Reactor” (by M.R. Predtechensky)).
  • the disadvantage of this device is the low resource of the plasma torch (erosion of the electrodes), insufficient processing depth, low productivity of the unit when using industrial waste, the cyclical nature of work.
  • a plasma reactor for melting material mainly cement clinker, including a cylindrical chamber, hollow rod electrodes passing into the chamber through its upper lid, openings for introducing reagents in the chamber arch and output to the hearth, two electromagnetic coils , covering the camera and located one above the other at its height (RF patent JN ° 2213792 C22 B 9/22, F 27 B 14/04 of 10.10.2003, Bull. JVfe28, application of 04/19/2002 (authors Y. A. Burlov and others)).
  • the basis of the present invention is to improve the reliability, performance of the furnace, the quality of the finished product, reducing energy consumption.
  • the problem is solved in that in a plasma reactor for the simultaneous production of melt refractory metallic and non-metallic materials and sublimates, mainly special types of clinker, artificial binders in the form of a melt having a high degree of melt viscosity and associated non-ferrous metals, containing a chamber with a cylindrical body, rod hollow electrodes passing into the chamber through its upper hermetic cover, heat exchange elements are made in the form of inclined pereyp 's shelves, delaying the fall of the raw material, mounted in the cavity of the electrodes, the heat exchange elements are in the form of a screw, delaying the fall of the raw material, mounted in the cavity of the electrodes, a channel for evacuating exhaust gases and sublimates, located in an airtight lid, openings for conveying a melt of refractory metal materials in the bottom of the chamber, an electromagnetic coil that creates rotation of the melt in a horizontal plane to evacuate solid raw materials from under the electrode and moving it to the arc burning zone, channels for
  • the plasma reactor separator includes (see the drawing of Fig.l) a water-cooled cylindrical chamber 1, rod hollow graphite electrodes 2 and 3, passing into the chamber 1 through its upper lid 4, and in their cavities are mounted, delaying the fall of the raw material heat exchange elements are made in the form of inclined pouring shelves 5.
  • the electrode is rectangular in cross section of the form, and the shelves can be inserted into holes in the walls of the rod.
  • Electrode 3 in its cavity may have an element in the form of a screw 6 that inhibits the fall of the raw material.
  • the cover 4 is also equipped with a channel 7 for evacuating waste gases, including sublimates of non-ferrous metals, and a tap 8 for introducing fiery liquid slags.
  • a valve 10 In the bottom part 9 of the chamber 1 is placed a valve 10, covering the entrance to the output of the molten metal.
  • An electromagnetic coil 11 is mounted that encloses the chamber 1.
  • the plasma reactor-separator works as follows: Side feeders 13 through channel 14 located in the walls of chamber I 5 at an angle of 90 ° on the same horizontal plane relative to each other in the upper part of the chamber above the surface of the melt to create a skull lining from the material itself at the boundary of the melt mirror, a dry raw material charge is introduced; as a result, a skull is formed in the form of conical slopes on the melt mirror, thereby eliminating the thermochemical corrosion of the lining.
  • the injected, dry raw material mixture in chamber 1 contains, in the calculated quantity, chemical compounds that, when melted, provide artificial binders, for example, cement clinker.
  • waste When used as a raw material, waste, for example, chemical production, as well as waste of metallurgical production in the form of fiery liquid slag, waste contains a certain amount of non-ferrous metals.
  • Fiery liquid slags with a temperature of up to 1800 0 C are fed by a feeder 8 through a channel located in the wall of chamber 1.
  • additional heat comes in, dramatically reducing energy costs and increasing the productivity of the melting chamber and the quality of cement clinkers.
  • the ends of the electrodes inside the chamber are immersed in the melt to a depth of 50 cm., Below the coil 11, a controlled voltage is applied.
  • metal scrap is loaded into the chambers.
  • the arc ignites between these chambers and passes into the cylindrical through hole 18 of the partition with a metal conductor located in it, one end of which is connected to the chamber, melts together with the metal filling the chamber, and the other end, to which the electrical voltage supply contacts are connected, remains in solid condition.
  • the plasma-forming gas is rotated to form a vortex.
  • the vortex must be such that between the electric arc and the wall of the discharge channel a plasma-forming gas layer (vapor) with a lower temperature is formed and, accordingly, a more dense layer that isolates the channel walls and other parts of the chamber.
  • the plasma-forming gas (vapor) enters the discharge channel at an angle to its wall and then forms a vortex there. Due to this, the material in the chamber is heated to the melting temperature. During clinker burning, the temperature of the melt reaches 2000-2100 ° C.
  • the walls of the chamber are made of non-magnetic material, for example, steel containing a large amount of nickel, chromium and titanium.
  • the resulting electromagnetic field affects the melt as a result of the passage of current through the coil, which in a liquid state becomes conductive. Due to this, rotation occurs (mixing) of the melt in the horizontal plane for evacuation of solid raw materials from under the electrodes and moving it into the arc burning zone and to the channels 12 for outputting the melting binders in one direction (arrows are shown in figure 2) in both compartments simultaneously. Inductive current maintains the temperature at the level achieved (due to the arc discharge).
  • the material When accumulating a certain mass of the melt and heating the electrodes inside the chamber above 1000 0 C, the material is fed through the cavities of the electrodes 2,3.
  • the raw material is poured from the shelf to the shelf 5, which are heated to a temperature close to the temperature of the electrode.
  • heat is transferred from the shelves to the material and the latter (preheated) brought to a temperature dissociation of carbonates, gets to the surface of the melt and melts with greater speed, because in this case, exothermic reactions take place with the release of heat.
  • the performance of the melting chamber increases.
  • the same process of heating the raw material occurs in the electrode 3, but in this case, the heating occurs when the material moves along the helical surface.
  • the melt is homogenized, which actively contributes to an increase in the productivity of the plant and to an increase in the quality of the main products, for example, cement clinker.
  • the mixing speed is determined by the rate of change of the magnetic field and depends on the frequency and power of the alternating current.
  • the mixing speed is regulated depending on the viscosity of the melt, and the latter - on its temperature.
  • rare metals for example, lithium
  • the clinker melt periodically or continuously (with a consistent input into the chamber 1 of raw materials) is poured into the granulator for utilization of the heat of the melt and its granulation.
  • the granulator is made in the form of rotating around its axis in opposite directions from each other, water-cooled metal cylinders 16 from the inside.
  • the coil 11 can be moved to the channel 12 zone.
  • the cooled clinker is transferred to the grinders to produce cement.
  • the proposed device due to the high utilization rate, allows to increase productivity, and due to active mixing and regulation of the melt cooling rate - the quality, variety of properties of the finished products.
  • the constructive implementation of the reactor allows to obtain by-products in the form of their melt and sublimates.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des réacteurs au plasma à arc électrique servant à produire simultanément des matériaux réfractaires, métalliques et non métalliques fondus et des produits de sublimation, principalement certains types de clinkers artificiels présentant une viscosité de fusion élevée et des métaux non-ferreux associés et peut être utilisée dans l'industrie cimentière et chimique ainsi qu'en métallurgie. Selon cette invention, on peut augmenter considérablement d'une part la fiabilité de fonctionnement et la durée de vie d'électrodes (coefficient d'utilisation et durée de fonctionnement continu d'une machine dans son ensemble) en les plongeant partiellement dans un métal fondu, et d'autre part la résistance d'une paroi en la refroidissant à l'aide d'une matière première et en créant un garnissage supplémentaire sous la forme de plans coniques sur une limite de miroir de matière fondue. Cette invention permet également d'augmenter les performances d'un réacteur, d'améliorer la qualité du produit fini, de réduire la consommation d'énergie et de simplifier la structure du réacteur. Le réacteur-séparateur au plasma de cette invention permettant de produire simultanément des matériaux métalliques réfractaires et des matériaux non métalliques réfractaires fondus et des produits de sublimation, comprend une paroi creuse longitudinale qui est refroidie de l'intérieur par une matière première, qui divise une chambre en deux parties égales sur sa longueur, qui comporte des ouvertures oblongues horizontales servant à évacuer une matière et à créer un garnissage supplémentaire sous la forme de plans coniques sur une limite de miroir de matière fondue, lequel réacteur comprend également des électrodes creuses enrobées dont les extrémités inférieures sont plongées dans la matière fondue, la séparation étant dotée d'un orifice pour l'arc qui est situé au-dessus de la surface de la matière fondue et qui permet de faire tourner celle-ci sur un plan horizontal en vue de l'évacuation d'une matière première solide de la zone située sous l'électrode et de la déplacer vers la zone de brûlure d'arc.
PCT/RU2005/000554 2004-11-11 2005-11-08 Reacteur-separateur au plasma Ceased WO2006052165A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2004132754 2004-11-11
RU2004132754/02A RU2277598C1 (ru) 2004-11-11 2004-11-11 Плазменный реактор-сепаратор

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006052165A2 WO2006052165A2 (fr) 2006-05-18
WO2006052165A3 WO2006052165A3 (fr) 2006-08-24
WO2006052165B1 WO2006052165B1 (fr) 2006-10-26
WO2006052165A9 true WO2006052165A9 (fr) 2006-12-28

Family

ID=36336904

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2005/000554 Ceased WO2006052165A2 (fr) 2004-11-11 2005-11-08 Reacteur-separateur au plasma

Country Status (2)

Country Link
RU (1) RU2277598C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006052165A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2354724C2 (ru) * 2007-01-16 2009-05-10 Юрий Александрович Бурлов Плазменный термодекарбонизатор реактор-сепаратор (тдрс)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE766850A (fr) * 1971-05-07 1971-11-08 Elphiac Sa Four a plasma.
RU2176277C1 (ru) * 2000-12-28 2001-11-27 Бурлов Юрий Александрович Плазменный реактор
RU2213792C1 (ru) * 2002-04-19 2003-10-10 Бурлов Юрий Александрович Плазменный реактор-сепаратор

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006052165B1 (fr) 2006-10-26
WO2006052165A3 (fr) 2006-08-24
RU2004132754A (ru) 2006-05-10
RU2277598C1 (ru) 2006-06-10
WO2006052165A2 (fr) 2006-05-18

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