RU2830868C1 - Method for presowing treatment of seeds of medicinal crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: disclosed is a method for pre-sowing treatment of seeds of medicinal crops. Seeds are soaked for 8 hours in an aqueous solution of a polymer of Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (Polydadmac) with molecular weight of 494.1 thousand standard units, with dosage – 5 mg, plant growth regulator Stimulate, “Ж” – 0.25 l and the biological preparation Bactofit – 20 ml per 10 l of water per 1 hectare norm of seeds.

EFFECT: invention provides increased germination energy, growth force, laboratory and field germination capacity, reduced disease susceptibility of medicinal plants.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, and more specifically to plant growing and means for stimulating seed germination and growth of medicinal crops.

A method is known for using polyhescamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG-GC) with a molecular weight of 10 thousand conventional units in the creation of a fungicide mixture for treating wheat seeds against fungal diseases together with pentathiaram (USSR A.S. No. 1829139, class A01N 47/44, dated 06.03.1991).

However, this mixture was used only for seed dressing, which is not enough for the full development of the sown seeds.

A method is known for stimulating the growth and development of corn and wheat grain crops using polyhescamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG-GC), including pre-sowing treatment of seeds by spraying them with an aqueous solution of PHMG with a molecular weight of 5 to 9 thousand conventional units and a concentration of 0.01-0.05% at a dose of 35 to 40 l per 1 ton of seeds. Russian Federation Patent No. 2328854, A01N47/44, A01P21/00.

This technical solution of the prototype method is not effective enough, since the stimulating substance - polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG-GC) - does not contain a complete set of macro- and microelements necessary for the vital activity of grain crops in the early stages of growth and development, which reduces the effectiveness of the method.

The technical result is an increase in the productivity of medicinal plants due to an increase in germination energy, growth force, laboratory and field germination, and a decrease in the susceptibility of plants to diseases.

The technical solution is that, unlike the prototype method, pre-sowing treatment of seeds of medicinal crops is carried out by soaking the seeds for 8 hours in an aqueous solution: the polymer Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (Polydadmak) with a molecular weight of 494.1 thousand conventional units, with a dosage of 5 mg, the plant growth regulator Stimulate, Zh - 0.25 l and the biopreparation Baktofit - 20 ml per 10 l of water per hectare of seed rate.

Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (Polydadmac) has an antibacterial and fungiprotective effect on phytopathogens, indirectly stimulates plant immunity, its growth and development. Under the influence of this substance, metabolic processes are accelerated, and protein and carbohydrate synthesis is activated. This has a beneficial effect on plant growth and development, helping to increase the productivity of various crops and improve product quality.

Stimulate, G (6-furfurylaminopurine + gibberellic acid A3 + 4 (indol-3yl) butyric acid) - a plant growth stimulator with an optimal ratio of phytohormones: cytokinin, auxin and gibberellic acid in a ratio of 2-1-1, ideal for stimulating the development and growth throughout the life of plants, which will subsequently lead to simultaneous shoots and high yields. Provides rapid germination of seeds, develops a powerful root system, significantly increasing the absorbent surface of the root, resists stress, diseases and pests, improves the use of nutrients, enhances cell division, differentiation and cell enlargement, improves quality and increases yield, increases germination, accelerates germination, improves the quality of seedlings, activates growth processes: increases the height of plants, the number of shoots and their foliage

Baktofit - (Bacillus subtilis, strain IPM 215). Biological preparation for combating fungal and bacterial diseases of grain, vegetable, fruit and berry crops, diseases of flowers and medicinal plants. Baktofit® contains the following components: spores and cells of the producer culture Bacillus subtilis; metabolites with antagonistic and antibiotic properties (antibiotic, enzymes, hormones); microelements; inert fillers that ensure the safety and stability of the preparation. The Bacillus subtilis culture has strict specificity, i.e. it is capable of affecting certain types of harmful organisms without causing harm to humans, warm-blooded animals, birds and beneficial insects.

During its life cycle, the culture produces a whole complex of enzymes, of which chitinase plays the most important role. As is known, the majority of fungi - phytopathogens in their cell membrane contain chitin, which is the target of chitinase. Even minor amounts of chitinase can cause damage to the cell walls of fungi, which leads to their death or a decrease in pathogenic properties. Other antifungal components of the Baktofit producer strain are antibiotics that suppress the growth of phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi. In addition, a positive effect of Baktofit on moisture conservation in plants has been noted.

The method is carried out as follows.

Example 1. Pre-sowing treatment of a hectare norm of seeds of oregano of the Raduga variety (2 kg/ha) was carried out in order to study their effect on the indicators of germination energy, germination and susceptibility of seeds to diseases, by soaking the seeds for 8 hours in an aqueous solution: polymer Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (Polydadmak) with a molecular weight of 494.1 thousand conventional units, with a dosage of 5 mg, plant growth regulator Stimulate, Zh - 0.25 l and biopreparation Baktofit - 20 ml with the addition of 10 l of water. After 8 hours of exposure, the seeds were dried and sown on the experimental plot.

Table 1

The effect of combined use of preparations (Polydadmak), Stimulate, Zh and Baktofit on germination rates and germination energy

Experience options Germination energy, % Laboratory germination, % Field germination, % Control (no treatment) 74 75 68 Polidadmak+Stimulate, F 84 89 78 Polidadmak+Baktofit 78 85 75 Polydadmac+Stimulate, J+Baktofit (suggested) 87 90 79

The maximum values of the germination energy, laboratory and field germination were achieved in the proposed experimental variant with the combined use of the polymer Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (Polydadmak) with a molecular weight of 494.1 thousand conventional units, with a dosage of 5 mg, the plant growth regulator Stimulate, Zh - 0.25 l and the biopreparation Baktofit - 20 ml, at a working consumption of 10 l / ha, which is higher than the values of these indicators in the control variant by - 13.0; 15.0 and 11.0%, respectively. The minimum field germination of oregano seeds Rainbow under the experimental conditions was noted in the control variant - 68%.

Example 2. When preparing a hectare norm of milk thistle seeds of the Amulet variety (15 kg/ha) for sowing, they were soaked for 8 hours in an aqueous solution of: Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride polymer (Polydadmak) with a molecular weight of 494.1 thousand conventional units, with a dosage of 5 mg, Stimulate plant growth regulator, Zh - 0.25 l and Baktofit biopreparation - 20 ml with the addition of 10 l of water. After 8 hours of exposure, the seeds were dried and sown on the experimental plot.

Table 2

The influence of the use of preparations (Polydadmak), Stimulate, Zh, Baktofit on the indicators of germination, germination energy and susceptibility to diseases

Type of processing Germination energy, % Germination rate, % Incidence, % Control (no treatment) 76 70 8 Polidadmak+Stimulate, F 88 73 5 Polidadmak+Baktofit 79 72 2 Polydadmac+Stimulate, J+Baktofit (suggested) 90 75 2

The maximum values of the germination energy indicators, laboratory and field germination were achieved in the proposed variant of the experiment with the combined use of the polymer Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (Polydadmak) with a molecular weight of 494.1 thousand conventional units, with a dosage of 5 mg, the plant growth regulator Stimulate, Zh - 0.25 l and the biopreparation Baktofit - 20 ml, at a working consumption of 10 l/ha, which is higher than the values of these indicators in the control variant by - 14.0; 5.0 and 6%, respectively.

The minimum field germination of oregano seeds under the experimental conditions was noted in the control variant - 70%. The susceptibility was the same and amounted to 2%, when treating milk thistle seeds in an aqueous solution of Polidadmak + Baktofit and Polidadmak + Stimulate, Zh + Baktofit.

Claims (1)

A method of pre-sowing treatment of seeds of medicinal crops, including soaking the seeds for 8 hours in an aqueous solution: polymer Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (Polydadmak) with a molecular weight of 494.1 thousand conventional units, with a dosage of 5 mg, plant growth regulator Stimulate, Zh - 0.25 l and biopreparation Baktofit - 20 ml per 10 l of water per 1 hectare seed rate.