RU2297750C2 - Method for protecting of sugar beet from pests and diseases - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural production, in particular, method for controlling of sugar beet pests and diseases.

SUBSTANCE: method involves treating sugar beet seeds with mixture of tramethylthiouramdisulfide, quinuphore and albite and treating plants with mixture of kinmix and epinextra at the phase of appearance of 1-2 pairs of real leaves and with silk preparation at the phase of appearance of 8-10 pairs of real leaves. Method substantially reduces pesticide loading of beet agrocenosis and does not affect soil biota due to staged working out of plant stability to adverse environmental conditions and diseases.

EFFECT: reduced damaging of beet fruits by hazardous organisms, increased yield and sugar content of beet roots and reduced pesticide loading of beet agrocenosis.

3 tbl

Description

The proposed method of protection relates to agricultural production, in particular to a method of combating pests and diseases.

It includes the treatment of seeds and plants of sugar beets with tank mixtures of pesticides and growth substances. It is known that significant losses in sugar beet yield are due to pest damage and disease damage. Plants are especially vulnerable in the early stages of their development. Recently, growth agents and their mixtures with pesticides have gained widespread use in pest and disease control. To protect beets, pre-sowing seed treatment with a mixture of insecticides, micronutrient fungicides and growth substances is used [1]. It is known that for the protection of winter wheat and legumes seed and plant treatments are applied only with growth substances (silk, albite) [2, 3, 5], as well as their mixtures with fungicidal dressers with a 2 times reduced consumption rate compared to recommended [4 ]. There is a method of protection, which includes treating beet seeds with a mixture of immunocytophytes + fungicide disinfectants, and plants are also treated twice during the growing season with this drug in a mixture with insecticides and fungicides [6].

The specified method of protecting beets has the disadvantage that when treating sugar beet seeds with only a mixture of immunocytophyte and fungicide dressing, the desired effect will not be achieved, since the specified growth substance (immunocytophyte) has only fungicidal properties. In turn, significant damage to sugar beets is caused not only by diseases, but also by pests (beetroot flea weevil and leaf beetle).

The aim of the proposed method of protection is to increase the effectiveness of measures to control pests and diseases of sugar beet.

To achieve this result, the treatment of seeds and plants of sugar beets with tank mixtures of pesticides and growth substances is used.

The proposed method is carried out as follows

Initially, the seeds are treated with a tank mixture TMTD (tetramethylthiuramdisulfide), 40% water-suspension concentrate - 10 l / t + hinufur, 43.6% suspension concentrate - 18 l / t and growth substance albite, flowing paste - 100 g / t. This technique will not only protect plants from root beetles and beetroot flies due to the fungicidal-insecticidal group, but also enhance the effect due to the drug albite, since along with the growth-regulating effect, it also has immunostimulating properties. The latter are especially active in its interaction with fungicide.

In the phase of 1-2 pairs of true leaves, sugar beet seedlings need further protection from pests (beet fleas, weevils) that cause significant harm to beet plants. It is recommended to treat beet plants with a tank mixture of insecticide and growth substance - kinmix, 5.0% emulsion concentrate, 0.25 l / ha + epin-extra, solution - 100 ml / ha.

In this mixture, kinmix is used at half the consumption rate of the drug, however, the toxic effect is compensated by the epin-extra drug, which has immunizing properties.

In the phase of 8-10 pairs of real beet leaves, it is recommended that the plants be treated with silk, a 10% water emulsion - 20 ml / ha, which stimulates the complex resistance of plants to fungal and bacterial diseases and does not carry a pesticidal load on agrocenosis. Its stimulating effect is based on accelerating the processes of respiration and metabolism and increasing the synthesis of carbohydrates in the plant.

This method of protecting sugar beets is the treatment of seeds with a mixture of: TMTD (tetramethylthiuramdisulfide), hinufur and albite and plants with a Kinmix tank mix of 0.25 l / ha + epin-extra in the phase of 1-2 pairs of real leaves and a silk preparation in the phase of 8-10 pairs of real leaves not only reduces beet damage by harmful organisms, increases the yield and sugar content of beet root crops, but also significantly reduces the pesticidal load on beet agrocenosis without affecting soil biota.

It is impossible not to note the economic feasibility of using this method of protecting beets from pests, it makes it possible to abandon the treatment of plants with fungicides, replacing them with growth substances, which are much cheaper and are consumed in smaller quantities.

The research results are shown in tables 1, 2, 3.

Table 1 The effect of seed dressing and treatment of plants with test drugs on sugar beet damage by pests and diseases Option Beetroot Flea Corneed Fomoz Damaged,% The degree of damage, score Prevalence,% Degree of defeat, point Prevalence,% Degree of defeat, point Seeds and plants without treatment - control 4.3 2.2 12.3 3.3 13.6 2,5 Seeds etched: TMTD, 10 l / t, + hinufur, 18 l / t Plants processed: 2,3 1.7 4.3 2,3 8.3 1,2 in phase 1-2 pairs present Actelik leaves, 2 l / ha in the phase of 8-10 pairs present alto super leaves, 0.75 l / ha TMTD, 10 l / ha, hinufur, 18 l / ha + albite, 100 g / t kinmix, 0.25 l / ha + epin-extra, 100 ml / ha silk, 20 ml / ha 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 8.3 1,2

table 2 Productivity, sugar content and sugar collection under the influence of seed dressing and spraying sugar beet plants with tested drugs Option Productivity, t / ha Sugar content,% Sugar collection, t / ha Untreated plants - control 28.7 17.0 4.88 Seeds processed with tank mixture:
hinufur, 18 l / t + TMTD, 10 l / t, and plants: Actellik, 2 l / ha in the phase of 1-2 pairs of present. leaves and alto-super, 0.75 l / ha - in the phase of 8-10 pairs present. leaf - standard 30,4 17,2 5.23 Seeds processed:
hinufur, 18 l / t + TMTD, 10 l / t + albite 100 g / t, and kinmix plants, 0.25 l / ha + epin-extra, 100 ml / ha in a phase of 1-2 tbsp. leaves and silk, 20 ml / ha - in the phase of 8-10 present. leaves 33,4 17.3 5.78 NDS ₀₅ 1,04

Table 3 The effect of the treatment of seeds and plants of sugar beet with the tested drugs on the change in soil toxicity Option Germination of radish seeds,% Deviation of the radish root length from the control,% Untreated plants - control 60 41 The seeds are treated with a tank mixture: hinufur, 18 l / t + TMTD, 10 l / t, and plants: actellik, 2 l / ha in a phase of 1-2 pairs of inf. leaves and alto-super, 0.75 l / ha - in the phase of 8-10 pairs present. leaf - standard 53 fifty Seeds processed: hinufur, 18 l / t + TMTD, 10 l / t + albite, 100 g / t, and plants - kinmix, 0.25 l / ha + epin-extra, 100 ml / ha in the phase 1-2 nast . leaves and silk, 20 ml / ha - in the phase of 8-10 present. leaves 76 less than 20

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2142215, АСС 1/00, 12/10/1999. Yunusov R.A. The method of presowing treatment of sugar beet seeds.

2. Larionov G.I., Zorkina T.M. The influence of the growth regulator on the crop on the yield and grain quality of spring wheat in the dry steppe zone of the Republic of Khakassia. // Agricultural chemistry. 2003, No. 8, with 57-60.

3. Lazarev V.I., Treasurers M.N. Albite on winter wheat. // Protection and quarantine of plants, 2004, No. 9, p. 39.

4. Kobylsky G.I., Kratenko V.P., Vassetskaya M.N., Chekmarev V.V. Growth regulators protect crops from disease. // Agro XXI, 2001, No. 1, pp. 12-13.

5. Kirsanova E.V., Putintsev A.F., Zhuk G.P. and others. The biological product albite is effective on legumes and cereals. // Agriculture, 2004, No. 6, pp. 40-42.

6. Kornienko. A.V., Sergeev G.Ya., Kulnev A.I. On increasing the effectiveness of protection against diseases and stress factors. // Sugar beets, No. 4, 2004, pp. 34-35.

Claims (1)

A method of controlling pests and diseases of sugar beet, including treating the seeds with a mixture: tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) - 40% water-suspension concentrate - 10 l / t, hinufur - 43.6% suspension concentrate - 18 l / t, albite - flowing paste - 100 g / t, then treating the plants with a tank mixture: kinmix - 5.0% emulsion concentrate - 0.25 l / ha, epin-extra solution - 100 ml / ha in the phase of 1-2 pairs of real leaves and silk - water emulsion - 20 ml / ha in a phase of 8-10 pairs of true leaves.