RU2328854C2 - Stimulator for growth and development of crops and method to stimulate growth and development of corn and wheat - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: use of poly-hexamethylene-guanidine-hydrochloride

(PGMG) as a catalyst for growth and development of crops is described, as well as the method to stimulate growth and development of corn and wheat including presowing seed processing, by spraying them with PGMG water solution with molecular weight 5, 000 to 9, 000 c.u. and the concentration 0.01-0.05% in the dose of 35-40 litres per 1 ton of seeds, including the stage of herbicidal growing.

EFFECT: higher germinative capacity raise of corn and wheat seeds; stimulation of growth and development; lower phytopathogenic affection; increased crops yield.

2 cl, 7 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, and in particular to stimulants for the growth and development of bread and legume crops, mainly corn and wheat, and can be used for presowing treatment of seeds of these plants.

Known as polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG), a chemical compound of the general formula:

with a molecular weight of 4-10 thousand conventional units previously used as part of antiseptics, disinfectants, cationic polyelectrolytes, surfactants, complexing agents (Safonov GA, Gembitsky PA, Kalinina TA and others. Getting polyhexamethylene guanidines // Chemical industry. 1989. - No. 12 . - S.903-905; Potemkin A.S. Efficiency of new disinfectants for persianiosis and salmonella // Sat. Tr. MONIKI. - M. - 1990. - P.57-59).

It is also known the use of PHMG with a molecular weight of 10 thousand conventional units in the creation of a fungicidal mixture for the treatment of wheat seeds against fungal diseases in conjunction with pentatiuram (AS USSR No. 1829139 from 03.03.91, class A01N 47/44).

However, the use of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride as a stimulator of the growth and development of cultivated plants was not previously known.

The invention is based on the task of expanding the range of biologically active substances - grain growth stimulants that reduce the negative effect of the herbicidal treatment of crops on crops, as well as increasing the yield of grain crops.

The problem is solved in that for the first time as a stimulator of the growth and development of grain crops, a well-known chemical compound - polyhexamethylene guanidine-hydrochloride of the general formula:

Using the claimed invention for use allows to increase the efficiency of agricultural production, the productivity of grain crops, namely, corn and wheat, which is confirmed by the examples 1-4 below and the results obtained are shown in tables 1-7.

The widespread use of succinic acid in crop production to increase the yield of grain crops (Blagoveshchensky A.V., Rakhmanov PP Biological nature of increasing productivity with the help of succinic acid. - M .: Moscow State University, 1970, S. 61), when presowing treatment of spring wheat seeds is carried out 0.4-0.6% solution of succinic acid, which stimulates plant growth and increases grain yield. (Kalinin F.L. Biologically active substances in crop production. Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1984. - 318 p.).

However, the disadvantages of this method include the high cost and high consumption of the drug due to its sufficiently high concentrations, as well as low stimulation of seed germination.

There is also a method of presowing treatment of cereal seeds to stimulate germination, disinfection and increase the yield of spring wheat by soaking the seeds at t = 18 ° C in an aqueous solution of hydroperit (AS USSR No. 1387890, class A01C 1/00, bull. No. 14 from 04/15/88), taken as a prototype for the proposed method.

The disadvantages of this method include the complexity of the process of soaking seeds in solution, as well as the fact that the field germination of wheat seeds after treatment with this method increased only by 6%, plant height - 5% of control, yield - 9% compared to untreated seeds, and plant susceptibility decreased by 20%.

The intensive use of herbicides and their mixtures in agriculture leads to some slowdown in the growth and development of cultivated plants, which can not only negatively affect the growth of crops, especially in conditions of water scarcity and climate warming, but also on the quality of agricultural products.

The basis of the claimed invention, the method is tasked with expanding the range of biologically active substances - grain growth stimulants that reduce the negative effect of the herbicidal treatment of crops on crops, reduce the complexity of processing seeds, increase their germination (germination), and increase the yield of grain crops.

The problem is solved in that for the first time as a stimulator of the growth and development of grain crops, PHMG was used to stimulate the growth and development of corn and wheat by pre-sowing seed treatment by spraying. Spraying is carried out with a 0.01-0.05% aqueous solution of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride

with a molecular weight of 5 to 9 thousand conventional units at a dose of 35 to 40 liters per 1 ton of seeds, including when grown on a herbicidal background.

The essence of the claimed invention for use and the method is illustrated by examples 1-4. Tables 1-7 show the average data from 20 to 100 determinations, the repetition of experiments is 4-fold. In model experiments, corn and wheat seedlings were grown in rolls of filter paper in an aqueous medium or a solution of the herbicide at t = 25 ° C in a thermostat (up to 4 days), then at room temperature and exposed to daylight; germination energy was determined on the fifth day, germination - on the seventh; seedlings were selected and root lengths (l) and sprouts (L) were measured.

Statistical processing of the obtained experimental data was carried out using standard methods (Rokitsky PF Biological statistics. Minsk: Higher school, 1973. - 318 pp.) Deviations from the average for each statistical series do not exceed 5% of the average values.

Example 1. Presowing treatment of corn seeds of two hybrids - ZPTK 196 (early ripening) and Frame 267 MB (medium early), as well as winter wheat Odessa 161 and spring - Collective 3 with aqueous solutions of PHMG (polyguanidine solution) (0.001-0.1% ) led to an increase in the seed germination and germination energy in model experiments by 7-21% compared to the control (c.), including against a herbicidal background (Harnes, Dien C - 0.005% solutions), and a decrease in the seed damage of phytopathogenic microflora in most cases to zero (Tables 1, 2), which exceeds the corresponding so far prototype conceived.

Example 2. The effect of presowing treatment of seeds of two hybrids of corn and wheat with aqueous solutions of PHMG (0.001-0.1%) on the growth and development of seedlings in the early stages of ontogenesis on a clean and herbicidal background in model experiments was studied. Revealed: stimulation of growth indicators of seedlings, including against a herbicidal background, for corn - by 12-52%, for wheat - by 10-38% (Tables 3, 4) for experimental variants with presowing seed treatment with PHMG solutions. The detected stimulation of morphometric parameters of seedlings of corn and wheat after pre-sowing seed treatment with PHMG solutions significantly exceeds the prototype.

Optimal for seed treatment of the studied cereals are concentrations of PHMG in the range of 0.01-0.05%.

Table 1. The effect of presowing treatment of seeds with polyguanidine solutions on germination energy, germination, susceptibility of maize seeds of hybrids Frame 267 MB and ZPTK 196 on a clean and herbicidal background Name of sample, type of processing Hybrid Frame 267 MB Hybrid ЗПТК 196 Germination energy,% Germination,% Affectability,% Germination energy,% Germination,% Affectability,% Clean background, water Control, no processing 90 92 35 88 90 32 0.1% solution of polyguanidine 92 95 0 92 95 0 0.05% - "- 99 one hundred 0 97 99 0 0.04% - "- 95 96 0 92 94 0 0.03% - "- 95 98 0 93 94 0 0.02% - "- 97 98 0 95 99 0 0.01% - "- 98 99 0 95 97 0 0.001% - "- 98 one hundred 0 92 92 fifteen Herbicide background - 0.005% harnes Control, no processing 75 78 45 82 85 42 0.1% solution of polyguanidine 90 90 0 92 94 0 0.05% - "- 95 99 0 96 98 0 0.04% - "- 92 92 0 90 92 0 0.03% - "- 92 94 0 92 92 0 0.02% - "- 95 94 0 95 98 0 0.01% - "- 92 94 0 95 99 0 0.001% - "- 90 90 0 90 92 12 - Sampling error does not exceed 5% of average values

Table 2. The influence of presowing treatment of wheat seeds Odessa 161 (winter) and Collective 3 (spring) polyguanidine solutions on the germination energy, germination, seed damage Name of sample, type of processing Germination energy,% Germination,% Affectability,% Wheat Odessa 161 Clean background, water Control, no processing 65 69 7 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 68 69 four 0.02% - "- 67 69 0 0.01% - "- 66 69 0 Herbicide background dialien C - 50 mg / l Control, no processing 62 63 9 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 66 70 0 0.02% - "- 70 71 0 0.01% - "- 70 70 0 Wheat Collective 3 Clean background, water Control, no processing 84 85 10 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 94 94 0 Herbicide background dialien C - 50 mg / l Control, no processing 82 85 12 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 96 96 0 - Sampling error does not exceed 5% of average values

Table 3. The effect of presowing seed treatment with polyguanidine solutions on the morphometric parameters of maize seedlings of hybrids Frame 267 MB and ZPTK 196 on a clean and herbicidal background Name of sample, type of processing 5 days 7 days 11 days l roots L sprouts l roots L sprouts l roots L sprouts mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. Corn Hybrid Frame 267 MB Clean background, water Control, no processing 127 one hundred 67 one hundred 131 one hundred 72 one hundred 145 one hundred 88 one hundred 0.1% solution of polyguanidine 131 103 71 105 148 113 80 110 164 113 92 105 0.05% - "- 160 126 one hundred 150 161 123 99 138 175 121 126 143 0.04% - "- 163 128 77 115 174 133 84 116 190 131 92 105 0.03% - "- 150 118 70 105 152 116 81 113 168 116 92 105 0.02% - "- 156 122 84 125 156 119 85 118 194 134 129 147 0.01% - "- 142 112 89 133 151 115 91 127 178 123 126 143 0.001% - "- 145 114 80 120 147 112 81 112 172 119 97 110 Herbicidal background - 0.005% harnes Control, no processing 98 one hundred 48 one hundred 102 one hundred 57 one hundred 106 one hundred 58 one hundred 0.1% solution of polyguanidine 111 113 57 118 119 117 65 114 123 116 73 127 0.05% - "- 119 121 55 114 127 125 67 118 133 125 74 128 0.04% - "- 119 121 56 117 11 8 116 61 107 130 123 65 112 0.03% - "- 118 120 58 121 116 114 66 115 122 115 67 115 0.02% - "- 113 113 52 109 124 122 60 105 133 125 65 112 0.01% - "- 119 121 55 114 115 113 67 118 126 119 67 115 0.001% - "- 120 122 67 139 112 110 70 122 119 112 77 132 Corn hybrid ZPTK 196 Clean background, water Control, no processing 130 one hundred 94 one hundred 134 one hundred 95 one hundred 136 one hundred one hundred one hundred 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 156 120 101 108 162 121 105 110 175 129 113 113 0.02% - "- 157 121 104 111 168 125 117 123 176 129 152 152 0.01% - "- 138 106 106 113 144 108 111 117 144 106 132 132 Herbicidal background - 0.005% harnes Control, no processing 92 one hundred 62 one hundred 94 one hundred 64 one hundred 98 one hundred 71 one hundred 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 110 120 65 105 108 115 69 108 112 114 82 115 0.02% - "- 99 108 73 118 103 110 78 122 106 108 83 117 0.01% - "- 97 105 76 123 96 102 80 125 102 104 93 131 - Sampling error does not exceed 5% of average values

Table 4. The effect of presowing seed treatment with polyguanidine solutions on the morphometric parameters of Odessa seedlings 161 and Collective 3 on a clean and herbicidal background in model experiments Name of sample, type of processing 5 days 7 days l roots L sprouts l roots L sprouts mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. Wheat Odessa 161 Clean background, water Control, no processing 71 one hundred fifty one hundred 80 one hundred 85 one hundred 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 71 one hundred 45 90 74 93 82 97 0.02% - "- 73 103 55 110 88 110 94 110 0.01% - "- 72 101 fifty one hundred 85 106 89 105 Herbicidal background, dialen C - 50 mg / l Control, no processing 68 one hundred 48 one hundred 70 one hundred 82 one hundred 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 78 115 58 121 76 109 85 104 0.02% - "- 83 122 66 138 86 123 96 117 0.01% - "- 77 113 65 135 78 111 84 102 Wheat Collective 3 Clean background, water Control, no processing 34 one hundred 19 one hundred 40 one hundred 39 one hundred 0,02% solution of polyguanidine 38 112 24 130 43 108 51 130 Herbicidal background, dialien C - 50 mg / l Control, no processing 26 one hundred 13 one hundred 27 one hundred 23 one hundred 0,02% solution of polyguanidine 34 130 26 200 36 130 40 170 - Sampling error does not exceed 5% of average values

Example 3. The effect of presowing treatment of seeds of two hybrids of corn and winter wheat with aqueous solutions of PHMG (0.01-0.05%) on the growth rates of seedlings in the field (Dnepropetrovsk, Cherkasy region; 2004) was studied; the total susceptibility of corn plants to a phytopathogenic infection (smut), the total height of the plants and the yield (Tables 5, 6). Revealed: stimulation of the growth of seedlings of corn (by 10-45%) and wheat (by 13-47%), including on a herbicidal background. A decrease in the susceptibility of corn plants by smut smut by 3-10 times (Table 5), an increase in the total height of plants by 8-16% and grain yield by 8-49% for both maize hybrids, which significantly exceeds the corresponding parameters of the prototype.

Example 4. The effect of presowing treatment of seeds of two hybrids of corn and winter wheat with aqueous solutions (0.01-0.05%) of PHMG on the biochemical parameters of seedlings grown in the field (Dnepropetrovsk, Cherkasy region, 2004), including and on a herbicidal background. An increase in the content of water-soluble proteins, specific activity of proteolytic enzymes (pH 7.7) and a trypsin inhibitor, as well as an increase in the content of free amino acids in the roots and sprouts of corn and wheat in experimental versions in most samples after presowing seed treatment with PHMG solutions were revealed (Table 7). . This indicates the intensification of hydrolytic processes, as well as the biosynthesis of proteins during seed germination and the processes of growth and development of seedlings, which is usually somewhat inhibited against the herbicidal background in cereals. The revealed changes in the biochemical parameters of protein and amino acid exchanges in seedlings of cereal crops of corn and wheat after presowing seed treatment with PHMG solutions indicate an increase in adaptive processes in the plant organism under adverse environmental conditions, including on the herbicidal background, which confirms the positive effect of the proposed method on growth and the development of crops, especially with the intensive use of herbicides in the field of modern agricultural production odstva.

Table 5. Effect of presowing treatment of seeds of corn hybrids Frame 267 MB and ZPTK 196 with polyguanidine solutions on the morphometric parameters of seedlings (phases 1-5 of the leaf), the susceptibility and full height of plants, yield in the field (2004) Name of sample, type of processing Phase 1-2 sheets Phase 4-5 sheets Affliction Total plant height Productivity l roots L sprouts l roots L sprouts mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. % cm % of to. c / ha % of to. Corn, hybrid Frame 267 MB Clean background Control, no processing 70 one hundred 135 one hundred 108 one hundred 241 one hundred 2,5 176 one hundred 98 one hundred 0.05% polyguanidine solution 90 129 150 111 130 120 305 127 1,0 185 105 104 106 0.02% - "- 79 113 165 122 111 103 322 134 0.8 184 105 106 108 0.01% - "- 76 109 171 127 122 113 323 134 0.3 190 108 99 101 Herbicide background, Harnes -2 l / ha Control, no processing 51 one hundred 106 one hundred 105 one hundred 226 one hundred 8.0 167 one hundred 84 one hundred 0.05% polyguanidine solution 59 116 133 125 110 115 242 107 2,3 169 101 125 149 0.02% - "- 75 147 133 125 122 116 312 138 1.8 194 116 104 124 0.01% - "- 73 143 146 138 118 113 262 116 0.3 169 101 107 127 Corn ZPTK 196 Clean background Control, no processing - - - - 132 one hundred 248 one hundred 3,1 276 one hundred 92 one hundred 0.05% polyguanidine solution - - - - 150 114 261 105 1,2 291 105 105 114 0.02% - "- - - - - 153 116 258 104 1,0 299 108 one hundred 109 0.01% - "- - - - - 169 129 265 107 0.3 302 110 104 113 Herbicide background, Merlin - 130 g / ha Control, no processing - - - - 104 one hundred 246 one hundred 11.5 266 one hundred 87 one hundred 0.05% polyguanidine solution - - - - 153 146 279 113 3.2 292 110 one hundred 115 0.02% - "- - - - - 156 149 264 107 3,5 287 108 89 102 0.01% - "- - - - - 148 142 287 116 0.3 296 111 91 105 - Sampling error does not exceed 5% of average values

Table 6. The effect of presowing seed treatment of winter wheat Perlin Lisostepu with polyguanidine solutions on the morphometric parameters of seedlings (4-5 leaf phase), root lengths, aerial parts and the weight of the wet mass (per plant) of wheat (exit phase into the tube) in the field (Cherkasy region. , 2004) Name of sample, type of processing Phase 4-5 sheets Out phase l roots L sprouts l roots L aboveground Wet weight (per plant) root system aboveground part mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. g % of to. g % of to. Winter wheat Perlina Lisostepu Herbicidal background - dialen C - 2 l / ha - control, without processing 62 one hundred 191 one hundred 133 one hundred 560 one hundred 0.43 one hundred 1.8 one hundred - 0.02% solution of polyguanidine 89 145 259 136 162 122 570 102 0.51 119 2.0 110 - Sampling error does not exceed 5% of average values

Table 7. The effect of presowing treatment of corn and wheat seeds with polyguanidine solutions on the biochemical parameters of seedlings (phase 4-5 leaves) grown in the field (2004) Name of sample, type of processing Protein, mg / g sample Proteolytic activity, rel.ed / g protein min The specific activity of a trypsin inhibitor, mg / g protein Free amino acids, mg / 100 g sample Corn Hybrid Frame 267 MB Roots Clean background Control, no processing 1.3 12.8 58.8 10.8 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 1,5 17.1 64.5 13.7 0.02% - "- 1,6 31.3 217.3 19.0 0.01% - "- 1,5 33.3 188.4 16.7 Herbicidal background, Harnes - 2 l / ha Control, no processing 1,2 7.7 128 13.6 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 1.3 10.3 127 16,4 0.02% - "- 2.0 27.7 196 30.5 0.01% - "- 2.1 27.5 156 20.5 Sprouts Clean background Control, no processing 5.8 9.2 2.1 - 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 7.2 17.9 3,5 - 0.02% - "- 8.0 25.0 5.8 - 0.01% - "- 7.6 39.5 16,0 - Herbicidal background, Harnes - 2 l / ha Control, no processing 7.8 21.0 1,5 - 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 12.6 22.0 8.0 - 0.02% - "- 13.6 27.0 12.0 - 0.01% - "- 16,0 23.0 15.0 - Corn hybrid ZPTK 196 Roots Clean background Control, no processing 1.70 12.0 73.1 10.1 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 1,50 18.2 147.6 14.0 0.02% - "- 1.80 26.5 360,0 34,4 0.01% - "- 1.40 21,4 62,4 11.0 Herbicide background, Merlin - 130 g / ha Control, no processing 1.20 14,4 36,4 18.0 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 1.40 26.0 273.0 20,4 0.02% - "- 1.40 27.4 259.6 26.2 0.01% - "- 1.34 46.0 244.5 37.0 Sprouts
Clean background Control, no processing 16,4 5.2 0.13 - 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 16,0 4.2 10.0 - 0.02% - "- 17.8 7.2 11.1 - 0.01% - "- 12.0 11.7 44.5 - Herbicidal background, Harnes - 2 l / ha Control, no processing 6.0 17.0 0.25 ^- 0.05% solution of polyguanidine 6.3 17.3 22.3 - 0.02% - "- 6.6 22.8 23.5 - 0.01% - "- 6.2 18.8 18.5 - Winter wheat Perlina Lisostepu Roots Herbicidal background, dialen C - 2 l / ha Control, no processing 2.2 10.6 - 5,6 0,02% solution of polyguanidine 2,8 15,5 - 10,4 Sprouts Herbicidal background, dialen C - 2 l / ha Control, no processing 19.2 9.5 - - 0,02% solution of polyguanidine 20.1 9.7 - - - Sampling error does not exceed 5% of average values

The use of the claimed inventions will stimulate the growth and development of crops, mainly wheat and corn, increase their phytoimmune potential, which ultimately will lead to higher yields and agricultural production, especially with the widespread use of herbicides and their complexes.

Claims (2)

1. The use of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride

with a molecular weight of 5 to 9 thousand conventional units as a stimulator of the growth and development of crops. 2. A method of stimulating the growth and development of corn and wheat, including pre-sowing seed treatment by spraying, characterized in that the spraying of corn and wheat seeds is carried out with an aqueous solution of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride with mol. m. from 5 to 9 thousand conventional units and a concentration of the active substance of 0.01-0.05% in a dose of 35 to 40 liters per 1 ton of seeds, including when grown on a herbicidal background.