RU2380905C2 - Method for treatment of cereal, leguminous and vegetable agricultural plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method is described for treatment of wide range of agricultural plants, including spraying of vegetating plants in phase of 5-7 leaf or bushing out or stem elongation by solution of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride with common formula:

which corresponds to molecular mass from 5 to 9 thousand conventional units, with concentration of reactant 0.000001-0.03% and consumption of process solution in dose of 50-250 l per 1 ha, also on herbicide background.

EFFECT: method makes it possible to stimulate growth and development of agricultural plants, and results in improved crop capacity and quality of plant produce.

3 ex, 5 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, and more specifically to methods for treating plants with a wide range of crops, and can be used to spray plants on green mass when grown in agricultural complexes, homestead farms and breeding stations to stimulate their growth and development, as well as increase productivity.

Known methods of processing plants of agricultural crops using as a biologically active substance phosphate polyhexamethylene guanidine with a molecular weight of 4-10 thousand conv. units to protect potatoes from infectious diseases by spraying potato tubers with a 0.12-0.25% aqueous solution of this compound (AS USSR No. 1818040 dated 03.16.90, class A01N 47/44), as well as to combat bacterial cancer grapes by soaking the cuttings in 0.3-0.7% aqueous solution of this preparation (A.S. USSR No. 1750082, class A01N 47/44). The main disadvantage of the above processing methods should include the high cost of the processing processes due to the relatively high concentrations of the active substance.

It is also known to use the retardant of chlorocholinchloride for spraying seedlings and green mass of rice to prevent lodging and increasing yields (Deeva V.P. Retardants - plant growth regulators. Minsk: Nauka i Tekhnika, 1981. - 174 p .; Kalinin F.L. growth in agriculture. Kiev: Harvest. 1989. S. 40-41). However, this method is also almost not applied in practice due to the high cost, a sufficiently large consumption of the drug and its relatively high concentrations when processing plants by green mass.

The closest known method to the claimed one is a method of stimulating grain and leguminous crops by spraying vegetative plants with the complex preparation agrostimulin (Ukrainian Patent No. 24949 from 06/18/97, CL A01N 43/40).

The disadvantages of the known method, taken as a prototype, should include a large consumption rate of the drug agrostimulin when spraying on vegetative plants and high cost due to the presence of expensive components and relatively high concentrations of the active substance.

The basis of the claimed invention is the task of expanding the range of biologically active substances - stimulators of the growth and development of agricultural plants of various types - cereals, legumes, vegetables, etc., cheapening the processing of vegetative plants by reducing the concentration of the active substance, increasing their resistance to adverse environmental factors, as well as increasing crop yields.

The problem is solved in that in the method of processing plants of agricultural crops, vegetative plants are sprayed with a biologically active substance in a phase of 5-7 leaves or tillering or in the tube with an aqueous solution of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG HCl) of the general formula:

,

,

corresponding molecular weight from 5 to 9 thousand conv. units, with an active substance concentration of 0.000001-0.03% and a flow rate of a working solution in a dose of 50-250 l / ha, including against a herbicidal background.

The essence of the invention for a method of processing plants of agricultural crops is illustrated by examples 1-4 and disclosed in tables 1-5, which show the average data of 20-100 definitions, the repetition of model and field experiments is fourfold. In model experiments, crop seedlings were grown in rolls of filter paper in an aqueous medium (clean background) or a solution of the herbicide at t = + 25 ° C in a thermostat (up to 4 days), then at room temperature and exposed to daylight. Spraying of plants with PHMG HCl was carried out on the 6-9th day of development. Seedlings were selected and root lengths (1) and sprouts (L) were measured. Biochemical parameters of plant products were determined by standard methods (Methods of biochemical research of plants / edited by A.I. Ermakov. - L .: Agropromizdat, 1987. - 430 p.). Statistical processing of the obtained experimental data was carried out using standard methods (Rokitsky PF Biological statistics. Minsk: Higher School, 1973. - 318 pp.). Deviations from the average for each statistical series do not exceed 5% of the average.

Example 1. The effect of processing seedlings of winter wheat and barley by spraying vegetative plants with aqueous solutions (r) PHMG HCl (polyguanidine) with a molecular weight of 5-9 thousand conv. units and with a concentration of 0.0001-0.03% on the morphometric parameters of seedlings in the early stages of ontogenesis in model experiments. Stimulation of growth indicators of seedlings in the experimental variants was revealed in comparison with the control (c.) Of wheat (Table 1) by 1.5-3.0 times and barley (Table 2) by 6-25% both on pure and on herbicide background.

Example 2. The effect of processing pea seedlings by spraying vegetative plants with aqueous solutions of PHMG HCl with a concentration of 0.000001-0.03% on the morphometric parameters of the seedlings at the early stages of ontogenesis in model experiments was studied. Stimulation of growth indicators of pea seedlings (Table 3) by 6-23% in experimental variants both on a clean and on a herbicidal background was revealed.

Example 3. The effect of processing cucumber seedlings by spraying vegetative plants with aqueous solutions of PHMG HCl with a concentration of 0.0001-0.03% on the morphometric parameters of the seedlings at the early stages of ontogenesis in model experiments was studied. Stimulation of growth indicators of cucumber seedlings (Table 4) by 14-79% in experimental variants both on a clean and on a herbicidal background was revealed.

Example 4. The effect of processing winter wheat, barley, peas, cucumbers in the phase of 5-7 leaves, tillering, getting into the tube by spraying vegetative plants with aqueous solutions of PHMG HCl with a concentration of 0.01-0.03% on crop yields and biochemicals was studied indicators of mature plant production (weight of 1 thousand grains, protein, sugar, gluten content). An increase in yield (table 5) of crops compared with untreated options by 7-25%, as well as a significant increase in the quality of the crop in terms of biochemical parameters, which exceeds the prototype.

The use of the claimed invention allows to stimulate the growth and development of agricultural plants, namely cereals, legumes, vegetables and other crops, and also, in general, leads to an increase in yield and quality of plant products. In addition, this will increase the efficiency of agricultural production in the field of crop production, especially in adverse environmental conditions of the CIS steppe zone and global warming.

Table 1 The effect of treatment of wheat seedlings Early 93 by spraying with the preparation of polyguanidine on the morphometric parameters of seedlings on a herbicidal background (C-5 mg / L dialien, on day 5) (10-14 days) Name of sample, type of processing 10 days 12 days 14 days 1 roots L sprouts 1 roots L sprouts 1 roots L sprouts mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. Early spring wheat 93, herbicidal background the control 34 one hundred fourteen one hundred 42 one hundred 37 one hundred 40 one hundred 38 one hundred experiment ₁ (0.1% solution of polyguanidine) 27 79 10 71 thirty 71 31 84 42 105 fifty 132 experiment ₂ (0.03% - // -) 23 68 8 57 28 67 27 73 43 108 40 195 experiment ₃ (0.02% - // -) fifty 147 28 200 62 148 80 216 63 158 117 308 experiment ₄ (0.01% - // -) 33 97 12 86 41 98 35 95 47 118 44 116 experiment ₅ (0,0001% - // -) 32 94 fourteen one hundred 33 79 33 89 43 108 41 108 - The sampling error does not exceed 5% of the average

table 2 The effect of the treatment of Vakul barley seedlings by spraying with a polyguanidine preparation on the morphometric parameters of the seedlings on a herbicidal background (C-10 mg / L dialien, for 5 days) (11-16 days) Name of sample, type of processing 11 days 13 days 16 days 1 roots L sprouts 1 roots L sprouts 1 roots L sprouts mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. Barley Vakula herbicide background the control 82 one hundred 44 one hundred 83 one hundred 77 one hundred 98 one hundred one hundred one hundred experiment ₁ (0.02% solution of polyguanidine) 81 99 60 136 82 99 85 110 118 120 129 129 experiment ₂ (0.01% - // -) 70 85 57 130 78 94 80 104 116 118 131 131 experiment ₃ (0,001% - // -) 70 85 57 130 92 111 104 135 112 114 131 131 experiment ₄ (0,0001% - // -) 88 107 65 148 90 108 89 116 112 114 136 136 - The sampling error does not exceed 5% of the average

Table 3 The effect of the treatment of Danir pea seedlings by spraying with a polyguanidine preparation on the morphometric parameters of seedlings on a herbicidal background (Harnes - 5 mg / l) (7-14 days) Name of sample, type of processing 7 days 9 days 12 days 14 days 1 roots L sprouts 1 roots L sprouts 1 roots L sprouts 1 roots L sprouts mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. Pea Danir, herbicide background the control 32 one hundred 16 one hundred 38 one hundred 23 one hundred 39 one hundred 45 one hundred 40 one hundred 106 one hundred experiment ₁ (0.03% solution of polyguanidine) thirty 94 eighteen 113 36 95 24 104 40 103 40 89 41 103 107 101 experiment ₂ (0.01% - // -) 28 88 16 one hundred 38 one hundred 22 96 48 123 48 107 52 130 107 101 experiment ₃ (0,0001% - // -) fifteen 47 10 62 eighteen 47 eleven 48 39 one hundred 32 71 40 one hundred 60 57 experiment ₄ (0,00001% - // -) 29th 90 17 106 34 89 23 one hundred 40 103 42 93 43 108 111 105 experiment ₅ (0,000001% - // -) 32 one hundred eighteen 113 34 89 23 one hundred 37 95 35 78 41 103 one hundred 94 - The sampling error does not exceed 5% of the average

Table 4 The effect of treatment of sphinx cucumber seedlings by spraying with a polyguanidine preparation on the morphometric parameters of seedlings on a herbicidal background (Harnes - 5 mg / l) (7-14 days) Name of sample, type of processing 7 days 9 days 12 days 14 days 1 roots L sprouts 1 roots L sprouts 1 roots L sprouts 1 roots L sprouts mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. mm % of to. Cucumber Sphinx control (clean background) 37 one hundred eighteen one hundred 56 one hundred 24 one hundred 65 one hundred 51 one hundred 66 one hundred 62 one hundred experiment ₁ (0.1% solution of polyguanidine) 44 119 twenty 111 55 98 28 117 79 122 51 one hundred 79 120 60 97 experiment ₂ (0.03% - // -) 49 132 22 122 67 120 31 129 95 146 66 129 96 145 76 126 experiment ₃ (0,001% - // -) 43 116 19 106 68 121 24 one hundred 76 117 fifty 98 79 120 64 103 experiment ₄ (0,0001% - // -) 42 114 23 128 72 129 27 113 eleven 178 53 104 118 179 63 102 control (herbicidal background) 24 one hundred twenty one hundred 25 one hundred 21 one hundred 34 one hundred 41 one hundred 35 one hundred 49 one hundred experiment ₁ (0.1% solution of polyguanidine) 36 150 24 120 37 148 25 119 45 132 43 105 46 131 52 106 experiment ₂ (0.03% - // -) 36 150 22 110 37 148 23 110 47 138 43 105 47 134 52 106 experiment ₃ (0,001% - // -) 38 158 21 105 40 148 25 119 45 132 42 102 46 131 52 106 experiment ₄ (0,0001% - // -) 32 133 22 110 33 160 23 110 47 138 42 102 47 134 52 106 - The sampling error does not exceed 5% of the average

Table 5 The effect of processing grain and vegetable crops by spraying with a polyguanidine preparation on yield and physiological and biochemical parameters of mature grain and vegetables grown in the field (Dnepropetrovsk region, Kherson, 2006-2007) Name of sample, type of processing Productivity Mass of 1 thousand grains Total protein content Containing
gluten free
us Sugar content c / ha % of to. g % of to. % of hitch % of to. % % of to. % % of to. Winter wheat Perlina Lisostepu, 2006 the control 31.5 one hundred 40.7 one hundred 11.9 one hundred 15,2 one hundred - - experience (spraying 0.02% r-rom polyguanidine in the phase of exit into the tube) 35.3 112 43.1 106 14.0 117 18.2 120 - - Wheat Odessa 267, 2007 the control 6.4 one hundred 26.0 one hundred 10.8 one hundred 35,2 one hundred - - experience (spraying with 0.02% solution of polyguanidine in the tillering phase) 6.9 108 27.9 107 11.6 107 38.7 110 - - Barley Rosava, 2007 the control 8.3 one hundred 20,2 one hundred 8.7 one hundred - - - - experience (spraying of 0.01% solution of polyguanidine in the tillering phase) 10,2 123 22.0 109 9.6 111 - - - - Peas Lazar, Dnipropetrovsk region, 2006 the control 20.9 one hundred - - 11,4 one hundred - - 7.2 one hundred experience (spraying of 0.01% r-polyguanidine solution in the phase of 5-7 sheets) 24.2 115.5 - - 13.5 118 - - 8.0 111 Cucumber Sphinx, 2007 (t / ha) the control 24.6 one hundred - - - - - - 2.73 one hundred experience (spraying 0.03% with r-rom polyguanidine in the phase of 5-7 sheets) 26.3 107 - - - - - - 3.41 125 - The sampling error does not exceed 5% of the average

Claims (1)

A method of treating plants of grain, leguminous and vegetable crops during the growing season by spraying the plants with a biologically active substance, characterized in that the spraying of the growing plants is carried out in the phase of 5-7 leaves or tillering or entering the tube with an aqueous solution of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride of the general formula:

,
corresponding molecular weight from 5 to 9 thousand conv. units, with a concentration of the active substance of 0.000001-0.03% and a flow rate of a working solution in a dose of 50-250 l per 1 ha, including on a herbicidal background.