RU2301210C1 - Ceramic body - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction engineering; manufacture of wall ceramic items.

SUBSTANCE: proposed ceramic body contains low-melting clay material, waste iron oxide catalyst of ammonia production process and plasticizing additive - amine modifying agent AM-1 at the following ratio of components, mass-%: low-melting clay material, 93-99.5; amine modifying agent AM-1,0.005-0.4; the remainder being waste iron oxide catalyst of ammonia production process. Combination of two low-melting clays at mass ratio of 1.0: (0.1-1) is used as clay material.

EFFECT: enhanced cracking resistance; improved architectural appearance; suppression of salting-out.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to the composition of the ceramic mass, and may find application in the manufacture of wall ceramic products, such as bricks and tiles. The basis for their manufacture is high-melting and low-melting clay, differing in particle size and chemical composition, determining the choice of the necessary additives during the formulation process in order to achieve the desired architectural appearance and other consumer properties.

Known ceramic mass [SU No. 1211241, class. С04В 33/00, publ. 02/15/1988], including low-melting clay, polymineral clay, low-melting clay, hydromica, quartz sand and tile battle and additional talc quarry waste containing about 27 wt.% CaO and MgO, in the following ratio, wt.%:

low-melting clay, polymineral 40-50 low-melting clay, hydromica 10-20 quartz sand 15-20 tile battle 10-15 talc quarry waste 5-10

The disadvantage of this technical solution is due to the increased water absorption of ceramics.

Known [SU No. 1662984, cl. С04В 33/00, 1988] a ceramic mass containing, wt.%: 45.34-49.37 - clay; 27.21-29.63 - quartz sand; 0.05-0.40 - soap stock - waste from the production of vegetable oils and water, which allows to develop products with reduced water absorption and improved mechanical strength while increasing the ductility of the raw material mass.

Its disadvantages include the instability of the quality indicators of stock stock and, accordingly, the plasticizing effect caused by its introduction.

The closest in technical essence is the ceramic mass [RU No. 22259972, class. С04В 33/00], including clay fusible raw materials, crushed ferromanganese granular slag and ammonia production waste, and as a ferromanganese granulated slag, crushed blast furnace ferromanganese granulated slag is introduced as a waste of smelting cast iron with a maximum particle size of 1.25 mm composition (wt.%). : SiO ₂ - 33-39; CaO 39-42; MgO - 7-10; Al ₂ O ₃ - 7-10; MnO - 4-8; FeO 0.2-0.3; S - 2.4-2.7, and as a waste from the production of ammonia - ground iron-containing catalyst, in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

Clay fusible raw materials 80-90 Specified blast furnace ferromanganese slag 9.85-19.9 Specified Waste iron catalyst 0.1-0.15.

Its disadvantages include the need to use slag of a certain granulometric composition, as well as expensive plastic clay as an additive to loam, which provides improved plastoelastic properties.

An object of the invention is the expansion of the raw material base for the production of ceramic mass in order to obtain ceramics with improved architectural appearance and increased crack resistance based on clay with a low content of aluminum and iron oxides.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the ceramic mass the content of the spent iron oxide catalyst, which is fluff and pigment, is increased, a combination of two low-melting clays of different mineral and chemical composition taken in a certain mass ratio is used as clay raw materials, and the amine modifier AM- is used as a plasticizer one.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is a ceramic mass, including low-melting clay raw materials, spent iron oxide catalyst for the production of ammonia and plasticizing additive, and clay raw materials are a combination of two low-melting clays taken in a mass ratio of 1.0: (0.1-1), of which the first serves as a cleanser, and the second is enriched with aluminum oxide, and the amine modifier AM-1 composition, wt.%: acts as a plasticizing additive.

Monoethanolamine 15-70 mixture of 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) imidazolidone-2 and 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine, not more than fifty water rest,

with the following content of these components, wt.%:

clay fusible raw materials 93-99.5 amine modifier AM-1 0.05-0.4 spent iron oxide catalyst rest.

To obtain the ceramic mass used clay with the following mineral and chemical composition.

Clay I (otoshchitel) Clay II mineral, wt.% feldspar 20.3 30.5 clay 8.3 22.3 sand 71,4 47.2 chemical, wt.% SiO ₂ 66,2 55.7 Al ₂ O ₂ 10.9 16.9 CaO 5.8 2.9 MgO 2.6 1,6 Fe ₂ O ₃ 2,3 7.2 TiO ₂ 0.4 1,2 K ₂ O 2.0 2.5 Na ₂ O 1,2 1,2 ignition loss 8.6 10.8

The spent catalyst for the production of ammonia grade STK-1 in chemical composition meets the requirements of TU 113-03-317-86 (wt.%).

Mass fraction of Fe ₂ O ₃ , not less 88 Mass fraction of Cr ₂ About ₃ , not less 7.0 Mass fraction of manganese in terms of MnO ₃ 1.0-1.5

The amine modifier AM-1 is an industrial waste from the production of ammonia and in accordance with TU No. 2423-017-00206492-2002 has the following composition, wt.%:

Monoethanolamine 15-70 mixture of 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) imidazolidone-2 and 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine, not more than fifty water rest.

The crack resistance of the brick was determined according to the method described in RU No. 2259972.

EXAMPLE 1

Two fusible clays, taken in a mass ratio of 1: 0.25, are laid in layers on a clay platform, thoroughly mixed and then dried in natural conditions.

Six months after aging, the clay mass is imported into the clay storage and stored in piles, from which it is transported to the mixer. 1.5 wt.% Finely ground spent catalyst STK-1 and 0.1 wt.% Amine modifier AM-1 are calculated in it per 100 wt.% Clay mass. The composition is moistened to 7 wt.% And in granular form is sent to the press.

The molded brick samples are dried at a maximum temperature of 80 ° C and calcined at 960-980 ° C.

EXAMPLE 2

The preparation of the clay composition according to example 1. The mass ratio of low-melting clay in the ceramic mass is 1: 0.5. The amount of introduced spent iron oxide catalyst is 2 wt.% Per 100 wt.% Clay raw materials.

EXAMPLE 3

Preparation of ceramic mass according to example 2 with a ratio by weight of clay 1: 0.6. The amount of amine modifier increased to 0.2 wt.%.

The test results of the embodiments of the invention are shown in the table.

From the above materials it can be seen that according to the claimed technical solution, it is possible to obtain ceramic brick with high crack resistance and improved architectural appearance. The application of the proposed method allows to solve such an important environmental problem as the disposal of spent iron oxide catalyst grade STK and bottoms of monoethanolamine purification of ammonia production.

Table. Properties of ceramic samples according to embodiments of the invention. Indicator The value of the indicator for examples Control (no additives) EXAMPLES one 2 3 Color cream Dark red The presence of efflorescence there is no Crack resistance,% 80 one hundred one hundred one hundred The limit of compressive strength, MPa fifteen 21.3 twenty eighteen

Claims (1)

Ceramic mass, including clay raw materials, spent iron oxide catalyst for the production of ammonia and a plasticizing additive, characterized in that a combination of two low-melting clay taken in a mass ratio of 1.0: (0.1-1) is used as clay raw material, of which the first serves as a cleanser, and the second is enriched with aluminum oxide, and the amine modifier AM-1 composition, wt.%: acts as a plasticizing additive. Monoethanolamine 15-70 A mixture of 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) imidazolidone-2 and 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine No more than 50 Water Rest with the following content of these components, wt.%: Clay fusible raw materials 93-99.5 Amine Modifier AM-1 0.05-0.4 Spent Iron Oxide Catalyst Rest