RU2277766C1 - Seeding unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, seeding units for sowing of seeds, preferably vegetable and cucurbitaceous crop seeds.

SUBSTANCE: seeding unit has horizontal cellular drive disk with seed baffle formed as cylindrical brush having axis of rotation perpendicular to axis of rotation of disk. Inoperative part of cylindrical brush is closed with housing and brush is equipped with drive. Seeding unit is further provided with stirrer made in the form of paraboloid of rotation with focus arranged higher than surface of cellular disk. Lower edge of stirrer is joined to cell edges. Cells are restricted at their one side with vertical wall of seed reservoir and at their other side with stirrer lower edge.

EFFECT: increased precision in seed dosing.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to sowing apparatus for sowing seeds of mainly vegetable and melons.

Known sowing apparatus for gourds, including a seed box, a visor, a driving drum, a pallet, a tension drum, cells, active guides, sidewalls, a reflector, additional sidewalls, teeth, vas deferens and a drive (see Abezin V.G. Resource-saving mechanized soil protection technology cultivation and harvesting of melons and gourds // Textbook. - Elista, 1993. - 120 pp. - P.37-40, Fig. 11).

The disadvantages of the described apparatus include the impossibility of laying seeds with a mutual distance of 3-4 cm from each other within the same nest. This is necessary to preserve the germinated seeds from the destruction of agricultural crops. pests, in particular wireworm.

Known sowing apparatus, comprising a horizontally located mesh disk with a seed reflector, in which, in order to reduce damage to the seeds during sowing, the seed reflector is made in the form of a cylindrical brush with an axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disk, closed by a casing in the non-working area; for the purpose of driving the brush into rotation, the disk is provided with holes in which the sprocket teeth enter, which mesh with the sprocket attached to the brush; in order to clean the brush from dirt, a comb is installed on its casing (copyright certificate SU No. 375046, M. class A 01 C 7/16. Sowing apparatus // Lobachevsky P.Ya., Bondarenko P.M. 03/23/1973).

The disadvantages of the described apparatus, despite the possibility of single-grain seeding, i.e. dashed sowing during movement, it refers to the fact that the described sowing apparatus does not provide the required seed output in quantitative terms and the time of their supply to the vas deferens, and it is also difficult to sow small-seeded vegetable crops.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object in terms of features is a sowing device mainly for sowing seeds of melons, including a horizontally located mesh drive disk with a seed reflector in the form of a cylindrical brush with an axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disk, closed by a casing in the non-working area, and its the drive, while the cells on the disk with the shape of the seeds of the sowing culture are formed by groups of through holes, the latter in each group are made with different beats from the axis of rotation of the disk, while the geometric centers of the cells on the peripheral part of the disk are shifted back from the centers of the internal cells by an amount equal to 2 ... 3 the length of the seeds, on the surface of the disk with an offset from the peripheral edge to its center along concentric circles the sides of each cell of the bridge with a height of 1.08-1.15 times more than the thickness of the seeds (patent for invention SU No. 2195100, IPC ⁷ A 01 C 7/16. Sowing apparatus // Abezin V.G., Karpunin V.V. ., Shaprov M.N., Saldaev A.M. Declared April 26, 2001, published December 27, 2002. Bull. No. 36).

The disadvantages of the described apparatus include the lack of the possibility of preliminary orientation of the seeds above the cells and the low accuracy of dosing of small-seeded vegetable crops.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is to ensure the necessary accuracy of dispensing seeds of vegetable crops having small sizes.

The technical result is the supply of seeds to the vas deferens with a predetermined metering accuracy with minimal damage, improving the quality of sowing and productivity.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known metering apparatus comprising a horizontally arranged mesh drive disk with a seed reflector in the form of a cylindrical brush with an axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disk, closed by a casing in the inoperative zone, and its drive, as well as a tedder, this tedder is given the shape of a paraboloid of revolution, the focus of which is located above the surface of the mesh disk, the lower edge of the tedder is paired with the edges of the cells, and the cells are bounded on one side of the vertical wall oh seed jar, and on the other hand the bottom edge of the tedder.

The parabolic shape of the tedder allows preliminary orientation of the seeds above the cells, which ensures the specified accuracy of seed metering by the sowing apparatus.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the sowing apparatus, a vertical diametrical section 3.

Figure 2 is a top view of the sowing apparatus and section AA in figure 1.

Figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1, a sowing disk with a drive gear track.

Figure 4 is a section bb in figure 3.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The sowing apparatus for sowing seeds of mainly vegetable and melon crops includes a seed jar 1 of a cylindrical shape, a bottom 2, a drive mesh sowing disk 3 with cells 4 and a gear drive track 5 made along the perimeter of the disk. The agitator 6 is mounted above the mesh disk 3 in the form of a paraboloid of revolution, the focus of which is located above the surface of the mesh disk, and the supporting edge of the agitator is placed at the level of the cell edges of the seed disk. The wall of the seed jar 1 is placed at the edge of the cells 4. Thus, the cells 4 occupy the space between the edge of the agitator 6 and the wall of the seed jar 1. The cells 4 themselves are made in the shape and size of the seeds of the sowing culture. A screw 7 was used to fasten the agitator 6 to the mesh disc. The extra seeds are removed from the cells 3 by a brush reflector 8, for the drive of which the driven gear 9 and the drive 10 are used, which is driven from the gear track 5. The gear shafts 9 and 10 are installed in the housing 11. The drive of the mesh disk is made from the shaft 12.

The brush reflector is isolated from the seeds by a casing 13.

Above the vas deferens 14 in the bottom 2 there is a sowing window.

The metering device operates as follows. Before starting sowing, a sowing disk 3 is installed on the bottom 2, the thickness of which corresponds to the thickness of the seeds of the sowing culture, and the cell sizes correspond to the width and length of the seed.

A seed can 1 and a agitator 6 are installed on the bottom, which is fixed with a screw 7, while a brush reflector 8 with drive gears 9, 10 is fixed on the seed can. The drive gear 10, when mounted, is engaged with the teeth of track 5. The mesh disk 3 is driven from supporting or rolling wheels of the seeder through the drive shaft 12.

When the drill moves, the cellular disk 3 driven by the shaft 12 rotates and rotates the brush reflector 8 through the gears 10, 9.

Rotating agitator 6 acts on the seeds in the bank 1, and mixes them intensively, which prevents arch formation. The shape of the agitator in the form of a rotation paraboloid orientates the seeds with the major axis in the direction of rotation, and under the influence of their own weight and pressure of the overlying seeds they are directed to cells 4 and placed in them.

Since the cells 4 are limited on one side by the vertical wall of the seed jar 1, and on the other hand by the lower edge of the agitator 6, each cell will be filled with seed.

When the cells approach the reflector, which rotates towards the moving cells, the bristles remove excess seeds, leaving one seed in the cell. When cells 4 approach the sowing window located above the vas deferens 14, the bristles act on the seeds in the cells 4 and push them into the vas deferens 14.

Prevention of the influence of seeds in the seed jar 1 on the rotating reflector 8 is provided by the casing 13.

The implementation of the agitator 6 in the form of a paraboloid of rotation and the restriction of the cells 4 on the one hand by the vertical wall of the seed jar, and on the other hand, by the lower edge of the agitator 6 provides a seed metering accuracy of 90 ... 95%.

Claims (1)

The sowing apparatus is mainly for sowing seeds of vegetable and melons, including a horizontally located mesh drive disk with a seed reflector in the form of a cylindrical brush with an axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disk, a casing closed in the inoperative zone, and its drive, as well as a tedder, characterized in that the tedder is given the shape of a rotation paraboloid, the focus of which is located above the surface of the mesh disk, the lower edge of the tedder is conjugated with the edges of the cells, while the cells are limited on one side of the vert kalnoy wall of the seed jar, and on the other hand the bottom edge of the agitator.

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