RU2537531C2 - Device for sowing germinated seeds of melons and gourds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device for sowing germinated seeds of melons and gourds comprises a seed box, which bottom with the sowing window is mounted at an angle of 45-50° to the horizontal plane and is tightly connected with its walls. On the bottom of the seed box the bracket for mounting the device to the section of the drill is mounted and the mesh seeding drive disc with a brush-shaped reflector of seeds is placed. The lower part of the bristles of the reflector has a parabolic bend towards the rotation of the seeding disc. In the non-operating zone the reflector is covered with the casing and secured to the side wall of the seed box over the sowing window. The sowing window has a length equal to the length of two cells, and the width greater than the width of two cells and is connected with the cells of the drive disc. The disc cells are made in shape and size of the seeds, are placed on the peripheral part of the disc in groups with the number of cells in a group, equal to the number of seeds sown into the slot. The seeding disc has the drive made from the reference wheel of the drill through the bevel gear. At that over the seeding disc the guide circular cone-turner is mounted with fixing to it, with the angle between its generator and the base, equal to 25-30°.

EFFECT: invention enables to improve the accuracy of the slot sowing seeds without damaging seedlings and yield of melons and gourds.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to sowing apparatus of seeders for dashed-nesting sowing of melons and gourds.

Known sowing apparatus, comprising a horizontally arranged mesh disk with a seed reflector, in which, in order to reduce damage to the seeds during sowing, the seed reflector is made in the form of a cylindrical brush with an axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disk, closed by a casing in the non-working area; for the purpose of driving the brush into rotation, the disk is provided with holes in which the teeth of the sprocket enter, which mesh with the sprocket attached to the brush; in order to clean the brush from dirt, a comb is installed on its casing (copyright certificate SU No. 375046, M.cl. А01С 7/16).

In this sowing device, the design of a seed reflector deserves attention.

However, the apparatus itself is not able to form the supply of a group of seeds into one nest.

Known metering apparatus, including a hopper, the bottom of which is made with an ejection window for seeds, and located above the bottom of the cellular sowing disk with reflectors and ejectors, in which, in order to increase the uniformity of sowing seeds when working at high speeds, the sowing disk is stationary and equipped with located above it, a valve device made in the form of combined reflectors and ejectors pivotally mounted on leashes rotating relative to the seed disk, and the bottom of the hopper is mounted with rotation capabilities (certificate of authorship SU №41701-7, M.kl. 7/18 A01S, A01S 7/16).

The disadvantages of this apparatus include the complexity of the design, low operational reliability and the impossibility of simultaneously sowing a group of seeds for the formation of nesting, in particular melons and gourds, the inability to sow sprouted seeds.

Known sowing apparatus mainly for sowing seeds of melons, including a horizontally located mesh drive disk with a seed reflector in the form of a cylindrical brush with an axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disk, closed by a casing in the inoperative zone, and its drive, while cells on the disk with a shape seeds of the sowing culture are formed by groups of through holes, the latter in each group are made with different distances from the axis of rotation of the disk, while the geometric centers of the cells on the peripheral part and the disk is shifted back from the centers of the inner cells by an amount equal to 2-3 sizes of the length of the seeds; on the surface of the disk with a shift from the peripheral edge to its center along concentric circles, there are 1.08-1.15 times more jumpers on the sides of each cell of the bridge than the thickness of the seeds (patent for invention SU No. 2195100, IPC ⁷ AC 7/16).

The disadvantage of this apparatus is the lack of seeding without damage to sprouted seeds.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object in terms of features is a sowing apparatus, including a mesh drive disk with a seed reflector, a casing closed in the inoperative zone, and a mesh drive, a mesh disk installed at an angle to the horizontal plane, the cells are made in shape and size of the seed and placed on the peripheral part of the disk in groups, the number of cells in the group is equal to the number of seeds sown in the nest, and the distance between the groups is proportional to the accepted sowing step (the distance between ), between the cells there are provided annular protrusions with a width of 1.5 ... 2.0 mm and a height equal to 0.6 ... 0.7 of the thickness of the seed, the seed reflector is made in the form of an elastic apron attached to the side wall of the seed box and has an outlet zone the windows above the coulter have elastic protrusions - seed pushers, and the top is closed by a casing, and the seed box at the peripheral part of the disk has a parabolic rounding of the vertical wall, the mesh disk drive is closed by a casing (patent for invention RU No. 2275784 C1? IPC A01C 7/16).

The disadvantages of the sowing apparatus include the possibility of injuring seeds with a casing, low accuracy of sowing, the inability to sow seeds using the dotted-nesting method with a minimum distance between the seeds in the nest.

This sowing device is accepted by us as the closest analogue.

The invention consists in the following.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is the formation of nests with mutual distance from each other at a distance equal to half the length of the seed, and ensuring the accuracy of sowing at least 95% without injuring the seedlings.

EFFECT: provision of the possibility of thinning plants without injuring the nest, obtaining yield of early products, saving seed material.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the apparatus for sowing germinated seeds of melons, including a seed box, the bottom of which with the sowing window is set at an angle of 45 ... 50 ° to the horizontal plane, a mesh sowing drive disk with a seed reflector closed in the non-working zone with a casing and fixed to the side wall of the seed box above the sowing window, paired with cells of the drive disk, which are made in the shape and size of the seed, are placed on the peripheral part of the disk and in groups with the number of cells in the group equal to the number of seeds sown in the nest, and the drive of the sowing disk made from the support wheel of the seeder through a bevel gear, according to the invention the seed reflector is made brush, while the lower part of the reflector bristles has a parabolic bend towards the rotation of the sowing disk and the sowing window has a length equal to the length of two cells and a width greater than the width of two cells, moreover, a guide circular agitator cone with an angle between its generatrix and base equal to 25 ... 30 °, and the bottom of the seed box of the device is connected to its walls hermetically, and a bracket is fixed on it for attaching the device to the seeder section.

The analysis of the prior art by the Applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information and identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, allowed to establish that the applicant did not find an analogue characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the criterion of "Novelty" under existing law.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 presents the apparatus for sowing germinated seeds of gourds, cross section.

In Fig.2 - view A in Fig.1.

Figure 3 is a view In figure 2.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The apparatus for sowing germinated seeds of melons and gourds includes a seed box 1, the bottom 2 of which is inclined at an angle of 45 ... 50 ° to the horizon, on its bottom 2 there is a mesh drive sowing disk 3. In the upper part above the mesh drive sowing disk 3 there is a brush reflector 4 s elastic bristles 5 and closed by a casing 6. The casing 6 is fixed to the wall of the seed box 1 and has the ability to adjust the installation of the reflector 4 in height. The casing 6 is designed to prevent the effects of seeds in the seed box on the bristles 5. Seed box 1 is fixed to the bottom 2 by welding. On the peripheral part of the cellular drive disk, cells 7 are placed, the size and shape corresponding to the size and shape of the seeds of the sowing culture. A sowing window 8 is provided in the upper part of the bottom 2, interfaced with the cells 7. A conical guide 9 is mounted above the mesh drive disk 3, fixed to the mesh drive by a bolt 10. The rotary movement of the mesh drive disk 3 is driven through a bevel gear 11 and drive shaft 12 The metering device is attached to the seeder section through the bracket 13. Before the sowing, seeds 14 are placed in the inner cavity of the seed box 1 before sowing. The seed tube 15 is fixed to the metering window 8 of the bottom 2.

Apparatus for sowing germinated seeds of melons and gourds works as follows.

When the sowing disk 3 is rotated, the conical guide 9 provides movement of the soaked and germinated seeds, directs them to the cells 7. When the cells 7 move upward, the seeds are placed in the cells one seed each. Excess seeds move down the seed disc 3 by gravity.

In the area of the brush reflector 4, the bristles 5 move the extra seeds from the cells, leaving only one seed in the cell. This contributes to the parabolic bending of the bristles 5 towards the rotation of the cellular disc. As soon as the cells 9 arrive at the sowing window 8, the seeds fall out of the cells under the influence of the force of weight and are sent by the seed tube 15 to the groove formed by the opener. The bristles of the reflector 5 contribute to the removal of seeds from the cells 7. The use of the brush reflector provides the exact number of soaked and germinated seeds in the coulter without damage, the compact arrangement of the cells ensures that the seeds are placed in the nest with a dashed line, which allows you to remove excess plants without damaging neighboring plants.

The use of germinated seeds increases the yield of early products, and the increased accuracy of sowing ensures the saving of expensive seed material.

Claims (1)

Apparatus for sowing germinated seeds of melons and gourds, including a seed box, the bottom of which with the sowing window is set at an angle of 45 ... 50 ° to the horizontal plane, a mesh sowing drive disk with a seed reflector, a casing closed in the non-working area and fixed to the side, placed on the bottom of the seed box the wall of the seed box above the sowing window, paired with cells of the drive disk, which are made in the shape and size of the seed, are placed on the peripheral part of the disk in groups with the number of cells in the group equal to a beam of seeds sown in the nest, and the drive of the sowing disk made from the support wheel of the seeder through a bevel gear, characterized in that the seed reflector is made brush, while the lower part of the reflector bristles has a parabolic bend towards the rotation of the sowing disk, and the sowing window has a length equal to the length of two cells, and a width greater than the width of two cells, moreover, a guide circular agitator cone with an angle between its generatrix and base equal to 25 ... 30 °, and bottom another seed box is connected to its walls hermetically and a bracket is mounted on it for attaching the apparatus to the seeder section.

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