Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
  • C10M145/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate monocarboxylic
  • C10M145/14—Acrylate; Methacrylate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
  • C10M169/041—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being macromolecular compounds only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
  • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/0206—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
  • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
  • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
  • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/18—Anti-foaming property
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/30—Anti-misting
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
• • C10N2220/021—
• • C10N2230/02—
• • C10N2230/18—
• • C10N2240/08—
• • C10N2270/00—

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for improving the air release of a lubricating oil.
• Lubricating oils are used to protect and lubricate surfaces in contact, and may also be used to transmit power. It is known that air entrainment can reduce the efficacy of lubricating oils. Air entrainment is a phenomenon wherein air bubbles (typically having a diameter of less than 1 mm) are dispersed throughout the lubricating oil. Entrained air can be distinguished from free air (a pocket of air trapped in part of the system), from dissolved air (lubricating oils may contain between 6 and 12 percent by volume of dissolved air) and from foam (air bubbles typically greater than 1 mm in diameter that congregate on the surface of the oil). Air entrainment can have a number of negative consequences including loss of lubricity, possible oxidation of the lubricating oil, noisy operation, lower efficiency and higher oil temperatures.
• the air entrainment properties of a lubricating oil are typically measured using the ASTM D3427 air release test. This test measures the time needed for air entrained in the oil to reduce in volume to 0.2% under the test conditions and at the specified temperature.
• the present inventors have sought to improve the air entrainment properties of lubricating oils.
• the invention provides a method for improving the air release of a lubricating oil as measured by ASTM D3427, said method comprising mixing an additive into the lubricating oil using a high shear mixer; wherein the additive is an alkyl acrylate polymer.
• Such alkyl acrylate polymers have been previously used as anti-foam additives. Air release times are typically considered to get worse with the addition of additives, especially anti-foams such as silicone oils. This is explained by Duncanson in “Properties on Foam in Lubricating Oils”, pages 9-13, May 2003 Lubrication Engineering, Journal of the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers.
• the present invention provides a method for improving the air release of a lubricating oil as measured by ASTM D3427.
• compressed air is blown through the lubricating oil, which has been heated to a temperature of 50° C. After the air flow is stopped, the time required for the air entrained in the oil to reduce in volume to 0.2% is recorded as the air release time.
• a desirable air release value is typically less than 3 minutes, preferably less than 60 seconds and most preferably less than 20 seconds.
• the air release is improved as compared to air release achieved using the lubricating oil wherein the additive has not been mixed with the lubricating oil using a high shear mixer.
• the inventors have found useful reductions in air release times when carrying out the method of the invention.
• the lubricating oil comprises a base oil component, which may be a blend of several base oils.
• the base oils in the base oil component may be any conventional base oils chosen from Groups I, II, III, IV or V of the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil categories.
• the base oil component comprises a GTL base oil, and more preferably the base oil component comprises at least 75 wt % of a GTL base oil based upon the weight of the base oil component.
• GTL base oils are synthesised by the Fischer-Tropsch method of converting natural gas to liquid fuel. They have a very low sulphur content and aromatic content compared with mineral oil base oils refined from crude oil and have a very high paraffin constituent ratio.
• the lubricating oil suitably comprises additives.
• the amount of additives is less than 10 wt % based upon the weight of the lubricating oil, more preferably less than 5 wt %, most preferably less than 2.5 wt %.
• the additives may include antioxidants, antiwear additives, demulsifiers, emulsifiers, rust and corrosion inhibitors, VI improvers and/or friction modifiers.
• the lubricating oil has a kinematic viscosity in the range of from 5 to 220 cSt at 40° C., more preferably of from 10 to 200 cSt, most preferably of from 20 to 100 cSt.
• the kinematic viscosity is suitably measured using ASTM D445 (ASTM D7042).
• the lubricating oil is formulated for use a hydraulic fluid.
• Hydraulic fluids are used in many different types of hydraulic machinery and are used not only to lubricate the machinery but also to transmit pressure. Air entrainment can be a particular issue in hydraulic systems, causing spongy or erratic operation of the hydraulics.
• an alkyl acrylate polymer additive is mixed into the lubricating oil.
• Suitable alkyl acrylate polymers are disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,166,508.
• the molecular weight of the polymer is suitably less than 10,000, preferably less than 7,500 and more preferably less than 5,000.
• the alkyl acrylate polymer may be a homopolymer of an alkyl acrylate having at least 3 but less than 7 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical.
• the alkyl acrylate polymer may be a copolymer of at least two different alkyl acrylates in which the alkyl radical has from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl radicals of the copolymer molecular is at least 3 but less than 7 on a molar basis.
• the preferred amount of alkyl acrylate polymer will be a balance between using enough to achieve the desired improvement in air release properties and avoiding unnecessary expense by using too much alkyl acrylate polymer.
• the alkyl acrylate polymer additive is mixed into the lubricating oil using a high shear mixer.
• high shear mixer is well-known to persons skilled in the art.
• a rotating impeller or high-speed rotor creates flow and shear within the liquid that is mixed.
• the rotor will turn within a stationary component known as a stator.
• the additive is mixed into the lubricating oil at a rate of at least 400 rpm.
• the rate is preferably at least 600 rpm and more preferably at least 800 rpm.
• the mixing is for at least 10 minutes, more preferably at least 30 minutes, and most preferably at least 60 minutes.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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• 2016
  • 2016-11-22 WO PCT/EP2016/078463 patent/WO2017089354A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2016-11-22 JP JP2018545687A patent/JP6878452B2/ja active Active
  • 2016-11-22 EP EP16800935.5A patent/EP3380594B1/en active Active
  • 2016-11-22 BR BR112018010644-5A patent/BR112018010644B1/pt active IP Right Grant
  • 2016-11-22 US US15/777,797 patent/US20180371352A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-11-22 CN CN201680068013.XA patent/CN108291170B/zh active Active
  • 2016-11-22 RU RU2018122812A patent/RU2731491C2/ru active

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