WO2022039105A1 - 潤滑油組成物、緩衝器、及び潤滑油組成物の使用方法 - Google Patents
潤滑油組成物、緩衝器、及び潤滑油組成物の使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M157/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more macromolecular compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M143/00 - C10M155/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M157/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more macromolecular compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M143/00 - C10M155/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M157/02 - C10M157/08
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/041—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being macromolecular compounds only
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M157/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more macromolecular compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M143/00 - C10M155/00, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/003—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/022—Ethene
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/024—Propene
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/017—Specific gravity or density
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/68—Shear stability
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/06—Instruments or other precision apparatus, e.g. damping fluids
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition, a shock absorber using the lubricating oil composition, and a method of using the lubricating oil composition.
- the shock absorber (shock absorber) is used by filling it with a lubricant composition for a shock absorber to generate a damping force that damps the vibration of the vehicle body, and optimizes the friction characteristics of the sliding parts to improve the riding comfort of the vehicle body. It is a mechanism mounted on the vehicle body for the purpose of controlling and suppressing frictional wear of sliding parts to ensure durability.
- Various buffer lubricating oil compositions that can be suitably used for such shock absorbers have been developed.
- Patent Document 1 describes a non-dispersive poly (meth) acrylate-based viscosity modifier having a weight average molecular weight of 30,000 to 200,000 in a lubricating base oil having a predetermined kinematic viscosity, a primary dialkyl.
- An invention relating to a lubricant composition for a shock absorber containing zinc dithiophosphate and secondary zinc dialkyldithiophosphate in a predetermined content ratio is disclosed.
- the lubricating oil composition described in Patent Document 1 has an insufficient effect of suppressing cavitation. Further, there is a demand for a lubricating oil composition used for lubricating a shock absorber having improved characteristics such as low temperature startability and shear stability as well as an effect of suppressing cavitation.
- the present invention provides a lubricating oil composition used for lubricating a shock absorber, which contains a base oil, a polyalkyl (meth) acrylate having a predetermined weight average molecular weight, and an olefin copolymer having a predetermined weight average molecular weight. .. Specifically, the present invention provides the following aspects [1] to [10]. [1] A base oil (A), a polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (B) having a weight average molecular weight of 150,000 to 900,000, and an olefin copolymer (C) having a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 or less. A lubricating oil composition that contains and is used to lubricate shock absorbers.
- the lubricating oil composition of one preferred embodiment of the present invention is excellent in properties such as low temperature startability, shear stability, and cavitation suppressing effect, and a particularly suitable one aspect of the lubricating oil composition is low temperature startability. Since it is excellent in all of the shear stability and the effect of suppressing cavitation, it can be suitably applied to the lubrication of a shock absorber.
- kinematic viscosity and viscosity index mean values measured or calculated in accordance with JIS K2283: 2000.
- weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the number average molecular weight (Mn) are values in terms of standard polystyrene measured by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method, and are specifically described in Examples. Means the value measured by the method.
- the upper limit value and the lower limit value can be arbitrarily combined.
- the numerical range is described as “preferably 30 to 100, more preferably 40 to 80”
- the range of "30 to 80” and the range of "40 to 100” are also described in the present specification. It is included in the numerical range.
- the numerical range is described as "preferably 30 or more, more preferably 40 or more, preferably 100 or less, more preferably 80 or less”
- the range and the range of "40-100” are also included in the numerical range described herein.
- the description of "60 to 100” means that the range is "60 or more and 100 or less”.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains a base oil (A), a polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (B) having a weight average molecular weight of 150,000 to 900,000, and an olefin having a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 or less. Contains the polymer (C).
- Various properties are required for the lubricating oil composition in which the shock absorber is used. As one of such characteristics, the effect of suppressing cavitation is required.
- Cavitation is a physical phenomenon in which bubbles are generated and disappear in a short time due to a pressure difference in the flow of a lubricating oil composition, and is a factor that causes a decrease in the responsiveness of the shock absorber and noise.
- the lubricating oil composition in which the shock absorber is used is required to have not only the effect of suppressing cavitation but also the characteristics such as low temperature startability and shear stability.
- the present inventors have diligently studied in order to obtain a lubricating oil composition capable of improving these properties in a well-balanced manner, and as a result, polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (B) and an olefin copolymer having a predetermined weight average molecular weight ( C) was found to be useful in combination. That is, the component (B) is a factor that can improve the cavitation suppressing effect and the low temperature startability, but is a factor that causes a decrease in the shear stability, while the component (C) is a factor that suppresses the cavitation and the shear stability.
- the components (B) and the component (C) are used from the viewpoint of providing a lubricating oil composition having improved low temperature startability, shear stability, and cavitation suppressing effect in a well-balanced manner.
- the content ratio [(B) / (C)] is preferably 1/99 to 90/10, more preferably 5/85 to 80/20, and more preferably 10/90 to 70/30 in terms of mass ratio. , More preferably 15/85 to 60/40, even more preferably 20/80 to 50/50, and particularly preferably 25/75 to 45/55.
- the total content of the component (B) and the component (C) is based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition, and has low-temperature startability and shear stability.
- it is preferably 20.0% by mass or less, more preferably 16.0% by mass or less, still more preferably 10.0% by mass or less, still more preferably 8.
- It is 0.0% by mass or less, particularly preferably 6.0% by mass or less, and from the viewpoint of further improving the effect of suppressing cavitation, it is preferably 0.2% by mass or more, more preferably 0.6% by mass or more. It is more preferably 1.0% by mass or more, still more preferably 1.6% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 2.0% by mass or more.
- the components (B) and (C) are often marketed in the form of a solution dissolved in a diluted oil.
- the content of the component (B) and (C) is the resin constituting the component (B) or (C) excluding the mass of the diluted oil in the solution diluted with the diluted oil. It is the content converted into minutes.
- the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention may further contain additives for lubricating oil other than the components (B) to (C).
- the total content of the components (A) to (C) is determined from the viewpoint of making the lubricating oil composition further improved in the effect of suppressing cavitation and the low temperature startability. Based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition, it is preferably 80 to 100% by mass, more preferably 85 to 100% by mass, still more preferably 90 to 100% by mass, still more preferably 95 to 100% by mass.
- it is 98 to 100% by mass, and more than 98.5% by mass and 100% by mass or less, 99.0% by mass and 100% by mass or less, 99.5% by mass and 100% by mass or less, or 99. It may be more than 7% by mass and 100% by mass or less.
- Base oil examples include one or more selected from mineral oils and synthetic oils.
- Mineral oils include, for example, normal pressure residual oil obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oils such as paraffin crude oil, intermediate base crude oil, and naphthenic crude oil; and distillate oil obtained by vacuum distillation of these normal pressure residual oils. ; Refined oil obtained by subjecting the distillate oil to one or more refining treatments such as solvent removal, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, and hydrorefining; and the like.
- Examples of the synthetic oil include poly ⁇ -olefins such as ⁇ -olefin homopolymers; isoparaffin; polyalkylene glycols; ester oils such as polyol esters, dibasic acid esters and phosphate esters; ether oils such as polyphenyl ethers. Oil; Alkylbenzene; Alkylnaphthalene; Synthetic oil (GTL) obtained by isomerizing a wax (GTL wax (Gas To Liquids WAX)) produced from natural gas by the Fischer-Tropsch method or the like can be mentioned.
- GTL wax Gas To Liquids WAX
- the component (A) used in one embodiment of the present invention includes mineral oils classified into Group 2 and Group 3 of the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil category, and one or more selected from synthetic oils. Is preferable.
- the kinematic viscosity of the component (A) used in one aspect of the present invention at 40 ° C. is preferably 3.0 to 100 mm 2 / s, more preferably 4.0 to 70 mm 2 / s, still more preferably 5.0 to 40 mm. It is 2 / s, more preferably 5.5 to 30 mm 2 / s, and particularly preferably 6.0 to 20 mm 2 / s.
- the viscosity index of the component (A) used in one aspect of the present invention is appropriately set according to the use of the lubricating oil composition, but is preferably 70 or more, more preferably 80 or more, still more preferably 90 or more. It is even more preferably 100 or more, and particularly preferably 105 or more.
- the kinematic viscosity and the viscosity index of the mixed oil are preferably in the above ranges.
- the content of the component (A) is preferably 60% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition. , More preferably 75% by mass or more, further preferably 80% by mass or more, still more preferably 85% by mass or more, particularly preferably 90% by mass or more, and preferably 99.8% by mass or less, more preferably. It is 99.5% by mass or less, more preferably 99.0% by mass or less, still more preferably 98.5% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 98.0% by mass or less.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains a polyalkyl (meth) acrylate having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 150,000 to 900,000 as the component (B). If Mw is less than 150,000, the effect of suppressing cavitation is less likely to be exhibited. Further, when Mw is larger than 900,000, it tends to be difficult to achieve both the cavitation suppressing effect and the shear stability. Since the component (C) described later is used in combination with the component (B), the lubricating oil composition can be adjusted to have good shear stability.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate used as the component (B) in one aspect of the present invention is 150,000 or more, but the lubricating oil has further improved the effect of suppressing cavitation and the low temperature startability. From the viewpoint of the composition, it is preferably 200,000 or more, more preferably 250,000 or more, more preferably 260,000 or more, more preferably 270,000 or more, more preferably 300,000 or more, still more preferably 320. 000 or more, more preferably 350,000 or more, still more preferably 370,000 or more, still more preferably 400,000 or more, still more preferably 420,000 or more, still more preferably 450,000 or more, still more preferably.
- It is 470,000 or more, more preferably 500,000 or more, particularly preferably 520,000 or more, and 900,000 or less, but from the viewpoint of obtaining a lubricating oil composition having better shear stability. It is preferably 850,000 or less, more preferably 800,000 or less, more preferably 750,000 or less, still more preferably 700,000 or less, still more preferably 650,000 or less, and particularly preferably 600,000 or less. ..
- the content of the component (B) is based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition, and the lubricating effect of suppressing cavitation and the low-temperature startability are further improved.
- it is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.2% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.3% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, and particularly preferably.
- the component (B) used in one embodiment of the present invention may be a polymer having a structural unit derived from an alkyl acrylate or an alkyl methacrylate (hereinafter collectively referred to as “alkyl (meth) acrylate”), and may be an alkyl (meth). ) It may be a copolymer having a structural unit derived from a monomer other than acrylate.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group contained in the alkyl (meth) acrylate may be 1 or more, 3 or more, 5 or more, or 10 or more, and may be 60 or less, 40 or less, 30 or less, or 20 or less.
- the content of the structural unit derived from the alkyl (meth) acrylate is 10 mol% or more based on the total amount (100 mol%) of the structural unit of the component (B). It may be 30 mol% or more, 50 mol% or more, 60 mol% or more, 70 mol% or more, 80 mol% or more, 90 mol% or more, 95 mol% or more, or 99 mol% or more.
- the component (B) used in one embodiment of the present invention may be a comb-shaped polymer.
- the comb-shaped polymer used as the component (B) in one aspect of the present invention may be a polymer having a structure having a large number of three-pronged branch points in the main chain having high molecular weight side chains.
- the SSI (shear stability index) of the comb polymer used as the component (B) in one aspect of the present invention is preferably 100 or less, more preferably 80 or less, still more preferably 70 or less, still more preferably 60 or less, particularly. It is preferably 50 or less. Further, the SSI of the comb polymer is not particularly limited to the lower limit value, but is usually 0.1 or more.
- the SSI shear stability index
- SSI (%) (Kv 0 -Kv 1 ) / (Kv 0 -Kv oil ) x 100
- Kv 0 is the value of the kinematic viscosity of the sample oil obtained by diluting the polymer component with mineral oil at 100 ° C.
- Kv 1 is the sample oil obtained by diluting the polymer component with mineral oil.
- Kv oil is a value of the kinematic viscosity of the mineral oil used for diluting the polymer component at 100 ° C.
- the SSI value of the comb polymer varies depending on its structure. Specifically, there is a tendency shown below, and the value of SSI of the comb-shaped polymer can be easily adjusted by considering these matters. The following items are just examples and can be adjusted by considering items other than these items.
- the side chain of the comb-shaped polymer is composed of a macromonomer (x1), and the content of the structural unit (X1) derived from the macromonomer (x1) is 0.5 based on the total amount (100 mol%) of the structural unit.
- Comb-shaped polymers of mol% or more tend to have lower SSI values.
- the larger the molecular weight of the macromonomer (x1) constituting the side chain of the comb-shaped polymer the lower the SSI value tends to be.
- the comb-shaped polymer used as the component (B) in one aspect of the present invention is preferably a polymer having at least a structural unit (X1) derived from the macromonomer (x1).
- This structural unit (X1) corresponds to the above-mentioned "high molecular weight side chain".
- the above-mentioned "macromonomer (x1)” means a high molecular weight monomer having a polymerizable functional group, and is preferably a high molecular weight monomer having a polymerizable functional group at the terminal. ..
- the content of the constituent unit (X1) is preferably 0.5 to 20 mol based on the total amount (100 mol%) of the constituent units of the comb polymer. %, More preferably 0.7 to 10 mol%, still more preferably 0.9 to 5 mol%.
- the content of the constituent unit of the comb-shaped polymer means a value calculated by analyzing the 13 C-NMR quantitative spectrum.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the macromonomer (x1) is preferably 300 or more, more preferably 400 or more, still more preferably 500 or more, and preferably 100,000 or less, more preferably 50,000 or less. , More preferably 20,000 or less. That is, the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the macromonomer (x1) is preferably 300 to 100,000, more preferably 400 to 50,000, and even more preferably 500 to 20,000.
- the macromonomer (x1) may have, for example, one or more repeating units represented by the following general formulas (i) to (iii) in addition to the above-mentioned polymerizable functional group.
- R b1 is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R b2 is a linear or branched alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R b3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R b4 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the macromonomer (x1) is preferably a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (i), and R b1 in the general formula (i) is 1,2.
- -A polymer having a repeating unit (X1-1) which is at least one of a butylene group and a 1,4-butylene group is more preferable.
- the content of the repeating unit (X1-1) is preferably 1 to 100 mol%, more preferably 20 to 95 mol%, still more preferably, based on the total amount (100 mol%) of the constituent units of the macromonomer (x1). Is 40 to 90 mol%, more preferably 50 to 80 mol%.
- the macromonomer (x1) is a copolymer having two or more repeating units selected from the general formulas (i) to (iii)
- the form of copolymerization is a block copolymer. It may be a random copolymer or a random copolymer.
- the comb-shaped polymer used as the component (B) in one aspect of the present invention may be a homopolymer consisting of only a structural unit (X1) derived from one type of macromonomer (x1), or two or more types of macromonomers (x1). It may be a copolymer having a structural unit (X1) derived from. Further, the comb-shaped polymer used as the component (B) in one aspect of the present invention has a structural unit (X1) derived from the macromonomer (x1) and a structural unit (X2) derived from a monomer other than the macromonomer (x1). ) May be a copolymer.
- a main chain containing a structural unit (X2) derived from a monomer (x2) is opposed to a side chain containing a structural unit (X1) derived from a macromonomer (x1).
- a copolymer having the above is preferable.
- Examples of the monomer (x2) include an alkyl (meth) acrylate, a nitrogen atom-containing vinyl monomer, a hydroxyl group-containing vinyl monomer, a phosphorus atom-containing monomer, an aliphatic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer, and an alicyclic type.
- Hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomers, vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl ketones, epoxy group-containing vinyl monomers, halogen element-containing vinyl monomers, unsaturated polycarboxylic acid esters, (di) alkyl fumarate, ( D) Alkyl maleate, aromatic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer and the like can be mentioned.
- the monomer (x2) is preferably a monomer other than the phosphorus atom-containing monomer and the aromatic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer, and the monomer represented by the following general formula (a1), alkyl (meth). ) It is more preferable to contain at least one selected from acrylate and a hydroxyl group-containing vinyl monomer, and further preferably to contain at least a hydroxyl group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-d).
- R b11 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R b12 is a single bond, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, -O-, or -NH-.
- R b13 is a linear or branched alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- n represents an integer of 1 or more (preferably an integer of 1 to 20, more preferably an integer of 1 to 5).
- the plurality of R b13s may be the same or different, and the (R b13 O) n portion may be a random bond or a block bond.
- R b14 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms (preferably 10 to 50, more preferably 20 to 40).
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains an olefin copolymer having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 100,000 or less as the component (C).
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- a lubricating oil composition having an improved cavitation suppressing effect and shear stability can be obtained. Since the above-mentioned component (B) is used in combination with the component (C), the lubricating oil composition can be adjusted to have good low-temperature startability.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the olefin copolymer used as the component (C) in one aspect of the present invention is 100,000 or less, but the low temperature startability and shear stability are improved while further improving the effect of suppressing cavitation. From the viewpoint of obtaining a better lubricating oil composition, preferably 80,000 or less, more preferably 70,000 or less, more preferably 60,000 or less, still more preferably 40,000 or less, still more preferably 30. It is 000 or less, particularly preferably 25,000 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the olefin copolymer as the component (C) is 500 or more, 1,000 or more, 3,000 or more, 5,000 or more, 7,000 or more, 8,000 or more, 8. It may be over 000, 8,000 or more, 9,000 or more, 9,500 or more, 10,000 or more, 11,000 or more, 12,000 or more, or 13,000 or more.
- the content of the component (C) is based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition, and the effect of suppressing cavitation and the shear stability are further improved.
- it is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.3% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.8% by mass or more, and particularly preferably.
- the component (C) used in one embodiment of the present invention is a copolymer having a structural unit derived from a monomer having an alkenyl group, and is, for example, a copolymer having 2 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 2 to 16 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 16 carbon atoms). Examples thereof include the ⁇ -olefin copolymers of 2 to 14), and more specifically, the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer is preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the ⁇ -olefin constituting the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer is preferably 3 to 20, more preferably 3 to 16, still more preferably 3 to 14, and even more preferably 3. ⁇ 6, particularly preferably 3.
- the component (C) used in one aspect of the present invention may be a dispersed olefin-based copolymer.
- a dispersed olefin-based copolymer a copolymer obtained by graft-polymerizing the above-mentioned ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer with maleic acid, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylimidazole, glycidyl acrylate and the like. Can be mentioned.
- the component (C) used in one embodiment of the present invention may be a copolymer having a structural unit derived from a monomer having an alkenyl group and further having a structural unit derived from an aromatic monomer.
- examples of such an olefin-based copolymer include styrene-based copolymers such as a styrene-diene copolymer and a styrene-isoprene copolymer.
- the component (C) used in one aspect of the present invention may contain an ethylene propylene copolymer (C1) from the viewpoint of obtaining a lubricating oil composition having an effect of suppressing cavitation and improved shear stability.
- the content ratio of the component (C1) is preferably 30 to 100% by mass with respect to the total amount (100% by mass) of the component (C) contained in the lubricating oil composition. %, More preferably 50 to 100% by mass, still more preferably 70 to 100% by mass, still more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, and particularly preferably 90 to 100% by mass.
- the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention may further contain an additive for lubricating oil other than the component (B) and the component (C), if necessary, as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired.
- additives for lubricating oil include antioxidants such as phenol-based antioxidants and amino-based antioxidants; metal-based detergents such as metal sulfonates, metal salicylates, and metal phenates; alkenyl succinate imide and the like.
- Ash-free dispersant Molybdenum-based friction modifier, fatty acid ester, fatty acid, friction modifier such as aliphatic alcohol; Abrasion resistant agent such as zinc dithiophosphate; Phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent, sulfur-based extreme pressure agent, sulfur- Extreme pressure agents such as phosphorus-based extreme pressure agents; defoaming agents such as silicone-based defoaming agents; metal inactivating agents such as benzotriazole-based compounds; rust preventives; antistatic agents; and the like. These lubricant additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- each of these additives for lubricating oil can be appropriately prepared within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention, but each addition is based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition. Independently for each agent, it is usually 0.001 to 15% by mass, preferably 0.005 to 10% by mass, and more preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass.
- the method for producing the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of productivity, the component (A) includes the component (B) and the component (C), and if necessary. , It is preferable that the method has a step of blending other additives for lubricating oil.
- the resin components such as the component (B) and the component (C) are in the form of a solution dissolved in the diluted oil from the viewpoint of compatibility with the component (A), and the solution is blended with the component (A). Is preferable.
- the kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention at 40 ° C. is preferably 5.0 to 130 mm 2 / s, more preferably 6.5 to 100 mm 2 / s, still more preferably 8.0 to 100 mm 2 . / S, more preferably 10.0 to 60 mm 2 / s, and particularly preferably 11.0 to 40 mm 2 / s.
- the kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention at 100 ° C. is preferably 2.0 to 30 mm 2 / s, more preferably 2.3 to 20 mm 2 / s, still more preferably 2.6 to 15 mm 2 . / S, more preferably 3.0 to 10 mm 2 / s, and particularly preferably 3.2 to 7.0 mm 2 / s.
- the kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention at 150 ° C. is preferably 1.0 to 20 mm 2 / s, more preferably 1.2 to 10 mm 2 / s, and even more preferably 1.4 to 7. It is 0 mm 2 / s, more preferably 1.6 to 5.0 mm 2 / s, and particularly preferably 1.8 to 3.0 mm 2 / s.
- the viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention is preferably 100 or more, more preferably 120 or more, still more preferably 140 or more, still more preferably 160 or more, and particularly preferably 180 or more.
- the BF viscosity (Brookfield viscosity) of the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention at ⁇ 40 ° C. is preferably 1500 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 1400 mPa, from the viewpoint of obtaining a lubricating oil composition having good low-temperature startability.
- -S or less more preferably 1300 mPa ⁇ s or less, still more preferably 1200 mPa ⁇ s or less, preferably 100 mPa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 300 mPa ⁇ s or more, still more preferably 500 mPa ⁇ s or more, still more. It is preferably 700 mPa ⁇ s or more.
- the BF viscosity means a value measured according to ASTM D2983-09.
- the rate of decrease in kinematic viscosity calculated according to the method described in Examples described later for the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention is preferably 11 from the viewpoint of obtaining a lubricating oil composition having good shear stability. It is less than 0.0%, more preferably less than 10.5%, even more preferably less than 10.0%, still more preferably less than 9.5%.
- the value of the cavitation coefficient calculated according to the method described in Examples described later for the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention is preferably from the viewpoint of obtaining a lubricating oil composition having an excellent effect of suppressing cavitation. It is 0.45 or less, more preferably 0.44 or less, still more preferably 0.43 or less, and usually 0.40 or more.
- the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention has excellent properties such as low temperature startability, shear stability, and cavitation suppressing effect. Therefore, the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention can be suitably used for lubricating a shock absorber, and more specifically, it can be used for both a double-cylinder shock absorber and a single-cylinder shock absorber. , Can be suitably used for both two-wheeled and four-wheeled shock absorbers. Considering these properties of the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention, the present invention may also provide the following [1] and [2].
- a shock absorber filled with the above-mentioned lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention [1] A shock absorber filled with the above-mentioned lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention. [2] Use of a lubricating oil composition, which applies the above-mentioned lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention to lubricate a shock absorber.
- Example 1 Comparative Examples 1 to 8 Various additives were blended with the base oil according to the types and blending amounts shown in Table 1, and lubricating oil compositions were prepared respectively.
- the blending amounts of the various additives shown in Table 1 are the blending amounts in terms of active ingredients (solid content equivalent) excluding the mass of the diluted oil, even if they are blended in a state of being dissolved in the diluted oil. It is described.
- the details of the base oil and various additives used for preparing each lubricating oil composition are as follows.
- PMA> "PMA (550,000)”: Polyalkyl (meth) acrylate having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) 550,000.
- PMA (29,000) Polyalkyl (meth) acrylate having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 29,000.
- the prepared lubricating oil composition was measured or calculated for 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity, 100 ° C. kinematic viscosity, 150 ° C. kinematic viscosity, and viscosity index, and the following measurements or evaluations were performed. These results are shown in Table 1.
- the shear test is based on the ultrasonic A method (JPI-5S-29), and the prepared lubricating oil composition is used as the sample oil, and ultrasonic waves are applied to 30 mL of the sample oil at 25 ° C. Was irradiated for 60 minutes.
- the output voltage of the ultrasonic wave is 30 mL of standard oil whose kinematic viscosity has been measured in advance at 40 ° C., and the output voltage has a decrease rate of 40 ° C. Adopted the value. Then, the kinematic viscosity of the sample oil at 40 ° C.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test device for evaluating the cavitation suppressing effect.
- the test apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes an oil tank 11 for storing the sample oil to be evaluated, a pump 12 for circulating the sample oil, a heater 13 for adjusting the temperature of the sample oil, a flow meter 14 for controlling the flow velocity of the sample oil, and a sample.
- Valves 15a, 15b, 15c for controlling oil flow, observation tank 16 with sapphire observation windows on the sides and an orifice 16a with a diameter of 1 mm at the upstream inlet, and pressure on the upstream and downstream sides of the observation tank, respectively. It has a total of 17a, 17b, and a thermoelectric pair 18.
- the prepared lubricating oil composition is filled in the oil tank 11 as sample oil, the valves 15a, 15b, and 15c are fully opened, the pump 12 and the heater 13 are operated, and along the flow path 1 and the flow path 2.
- the observation tank 16 was also filled with the sample oil while circulating the sample oil. Then, the state in which the temperature of the sample oil reached 150 ° C. and was stabilized was set as the initial state. From the initial state, the valve 15c is gradually closed from the fully open state, the flow along the flow path 2 of the sample oil is restricted, and the state where the pressure gauge 17a on the upstream side shows "0.5 MPa" is set as the starting point.
- the valve 15a on the upstream side and the valve 15b on the downstream side were adjusted, and the pressure was gradually increased until the pressure gauge 17a on the upstream side showed "5.0 MPa".
- the degree of cavitation is visually observed through the transparent window of the observation tank 16 based on the cavitation score for which the standard is set in advance according to the degree of cavitation, and cavitation.
- the upstream pressure Pu indicated by the upstream pressure gauge 17a and the downstream pressure Pd indicated by the downstream pressure gauge 17b at the point where the score was "5" were confirmed, and the cavitation coefficient was calculated.
- the above cavitation score is evaluated in 11 steps in 1 increments, with "0" for non-occurrence of cavitation and "10" for the maximum occurrence of cavitation, and the standard for each step is cavitation. Based on what is predetermined according to the degree of occurrence.
- the cavitation coefficient was calculated from the following formula, and the values are shown in Table 1.
- the lubricating oil composition prepared in Example 1 was excellent in low temperature startability and shear stability, and also had a high effect of suppressing cavitation.
- the lubricating oil compositions prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 8 were inferior in any of the low temperature startability, shear stability, and cavitation suppressing effect.
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Abstract
Description
このような緩衝器に好適に使用し得る緩衝器用潤滑油組成物が様々開発されている。
例えば、特許文献1には、所定の動粘度の潤滑油基油に、重量平均分子量が30,000~200,000である非分散型のポリ(メタ)アクリレート系粘度調整剤、第一級ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛と、第二級ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛とを所定の含有量比で含有した、緩衝器用潤滑油組成物に関する発明が開示されている。
[1]基油(A)、重量平均分子量が150,000~900,000のポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレート(B)、及び、重量平均分子量が100,000以下のオレフィン共重合体(C)を含有し、緩衝器の潤滑に用いられる、潤滑油組成物。
[2]成分(B)及び成分(C)の合計含有量が、前記潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、20.0質量%以下である、上記[1]に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[3]成分(B)と成分(C)との含有量比〔(B)/(C)〕が、質量比で、1/99~90/10である、上記[1]又は[2]の記載の潤滑油組成物。
[4]成分(B)の含有量が、前記潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、0.1~10.0質量%である、上記[1]~[3]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[5]成分(C)の含有量が、前記潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、0.1~10.0質量%である、上記[1]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[6]成分(C)の重量平均分子量が、8,000以上100,000以下である、上記[1]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[7]成分(C)が、エチレンプロピレン共重合体(C1)を含む、上記[1]~[6]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[8]成分(A)~(C)の合計含有量が、前記潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、80~100質量%である、上記[1]~[7]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[9]前記潤滑油組成物の-40℃におけるBF粘度が1500mPa・s以下である、上記[1]~[8]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[10]上記[1]~[9]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物を緩衝器の潤滑に適用する、潤滑油組成物の使用。
本明細書において、重量平均分子量(Mw)及び数平均分子量(Mn)は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)法で測定される標準ポリスチレン換算の値であり、具体的には実施例に記載の方法により測定された値を意味する。
加えて、本明細書に記載された数値範囲として、例えば「60~100」との記載は、「60以上、100以下」という範囲であることを意味する。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、基油(A)、重量平均分子量が150,000~900,000のポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレート(B)、及び、重量平均分子量が100,000以下のオレフィン共重合体(C)を含有する。
緩衝器の用いられる潤滑油組成物には、様々な特性が要求される。そのような特性の一つとして、キャビテーションの抑制効果が求められる。キャビテーションとは、潤滑油組成物の流れの中で圧力差により短時間に泡の発生と消滅が起きる物理現象であり、緩衝器の応答性の低下や騒音を引き起こす要因となる。例えば、車両に搭載された緩衝器において、キャビテーションが発生すると、車両等の乗り心地に影響を及ぼす。
また、緩衝器の用いられる潤滑油組成物には、キャビテーションの抑制効果だけでなく、低温始動性やせん断安定性といった特性も要求される。
つまり、成分(B)は、キャビテーションの抑制効果及び低温始動性を向上させ得る要因となるが、せん断安定性の低下を引き起こす要因となり、一方、成分(C)は、キャビテーションの抑制効果及びせん断安定性を向上させ得る要因となるが、低温始動性の低下を引き起こす要因となることが、本発明者らの検討によって分かった。
そこで、本発明者らは、成分(B)及び(C)を併用することで、低温始動性、せん断安定性、及びキャビテーションの抑制効果をバランス良く向上させた潤滑油組成物となり得るとの知見を得た。本発明は、当該知見に基づき完成されたものである。
ただし、本明細書において、成分(B)及び(C)の含有量は、希釈油で希釈された溶液においては、希釈油の質量を除外した、成分(B)又は(C)を構成する樹脂分に換算した含有量である。
ただし、本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物において、キャビテーションの抑制効果及び低温始動性をより向上させた潤滑油組成物とする観点から、成分(A)~(C)の合計含有量は、当該潤滑油組成物の全量(100質量%)基準で、好ましくは80~100質量%、より好ましくは85~100質量%、更に好ましくは90~100質量%、より更に好ましくは95~100質量%、特に好ましくは98~100質量%であり、さらに、98.5質量%超100質量%以下、99.0質量%超100質量%以下、99.5質量%超100質量%以下、又は99.7質量%超100質量%以下としてもよい。
本発明の一態様で用いる成分(A)である基油としては、鉱油及び合成油から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。
鉱油としては、例えば、パラフィン系原油、中間基系原油、ナフテン系原油等の原油を常圧蒸留して得られる常圧残油;これらの常圧残油を減圧蒸留して得られる留出油;当該留出油を、溶剤脱れき、溶剤抽出、水素化分解、溶剤脱ろう、接触脱ろう、及び水素化精製等の精製処理を1つ以上施して得られる精製油;等が挙げられる。
なお、本発明の一態様において、成分(A)として、2種以上の基油を組み合わせた混合油を用いる場合、当該混合油の動粘度及び粘度指数が上記範囲であることが好ましい。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、成分(B)として、重量平均分子量(Mw)が150,000~900,000のポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートを含有する。Mwが150,000未満であるとキャビテーションの抑制効果が発現され難くなる。また、Mwが900,000より大きいとキャビテーション抑制効果とせん断安定性の両立が難しくなる傾向にある。なお、成分(B)と共に、後述の成分(C)を併用しているため、せん断安定性を良好とした潤滑油組成物に調整することができる。
当該アルキル(メタ)アクリレートが有するアルキル基の炭素数は、1以上、3以上、5以上、又は10以上としてもよく、また、60以下、40以下、30以下、又は20以下としてもよい。
本発明の一態様で用いる成分(B)は、櫛形ポリマーであってもよい。
本発明の一態様で成分(B)として用いる櫛形ポリマーとしては、高分子量の側鎖が出ている三叉分岐点を主鎖に数多くもつ構造を有する重合体であればよい。
また、櫛形ポリマーのSSIは、下限値の制限は特に無いが、通常0.1以上である。
・計算式(1):SSI(%)=(Kv0-Kv1)/(Kv0-Kvoil)×100
上記式(1)中、Kv0は、重合体成分を鉱油に希釈した試料油の100℃における動粘度の値であり、Kv1は、重合体成分を鉱油に希釈した試料油を、JPI-5S-29-06の手順にしたがって、出力法に準拠し、超音波を30分間照射した後の100℃における動粘度の値である。また、Kvoilは、重合体成分を希釈する際に用いた鉱油の100℃における動粘度の値である。
・櫛形ポリマーの側鎖がマクロモノマー(x1)で構成され、当該マクロモノマー(x1)に由来する構成単位(X1)の含有量が、構成単位の全量(100モル%)基準で、0.5モル%以上である櫛形ポリマーは、SSIの値が低くなる傾向にある。
・櫛形ポリマーの側鎖を構成するマクロモノマー(x1)の分子量が大きくなるほど、SSIの値が低くなる傾向にある。
なお、本明細書において、上記の「マクロモノマー(x1)」とは、重合性官能基を有する高分子量モノマーのことを意味し、末端に重合性官能基を有する高分子量モノマーであることが好ましい。
なお、本明細書において、櫛形ポリマーの構成単位の含有量は、13C-NMR定量スペクトルを解析して算出した値を意味する。
つまり、マクロモノマー(x1)の数平均分子量(Mn)は、好ましくは300~100,000、より好ましくは400~50,000、更に好ましくは500~20,000である。
上記一般式(ii)中、Rb2は、炭素数2~4の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキレン基である。
上記一般式(iii)中、Rb3は、水素原子又はメチル基である。Rb4は、炭素数1~10の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基である。
なお、上記一般式(i)~(iii)で表される繰り返し単位をそれぞれ複数有する場合には、複数のRb1、Rb2、Rb3、及びRb4は、それぞれ同一であってもよく、互いに異なるものであってもよい。
また、本発明の一態様で成分(B)として用いる櫛形ポリマーは、マクロモノマー(x1)に由来する構成単位(X1)と共に、マクロモノマー(x1)以外の他のモノマーに由来する構成単位(X2)を有する共重合体であってもよい。
このような櫛形ポリマーの具体的な構造としては、モノマー(x2)に由来する構成単位(X2)を含む主鎖に対して、マクロモノマー(x1)に由来する構成単位(X1)を含む側鎖を有する共重合体が好ましい。
Rb12は、単結合、炭素数1~10の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキレン基、-O-、又は-NH-である。
Rb13は、炭素数2~4の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキレン基である。また、nは1以上の整数(好ましくは1~20の整数、より好ましくは1~5の整数)を示す。なお、nが2以上の整数の場合、複数のRb13は、同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよく、さらに、(Rb13O)n部分は、ランダム結合でもブロック結合でもよい。
Rb14は、炭素数1~60(好ましくは10~50、より好ましくは20~40)の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基である。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、成分(C)として、重量平均分子量(Mw)が100,000以下のオレフィン共重合体を含有する。Mwが当該範囲のオレフィン共重合体を成分(B)と併用することで、キャビテーションの抑制効果及びせん断安定性を向上させた潤滑油組成物とすることができる。なお、成分(C)と共に、前述の成分(B)を併用しているため、低温始動性を良好とした潤滑油組成物に調整することができる。
また、成分(C)であるオレフィン共重合体の重量平均分子量(Mw)は、500以上、1,000以上、3,000以上、5,000以上、7,000以上、8,000以上、8,000超、8,500以上、9,000以上、9,500以上、10,000以上、11,000以上、12,000以上、又は13,000以上としてもよい。
なお、エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体を構成するα-オレフィンの炭素数としては、好ましくは3~20であるが、より好ましくは3~16、更に好ましくは3~14、より更に好ましくは3~6、特に好ましくは3である。
分散型オレフィン系共重合体としては、上述のエチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体に対して、マレイン酸、N-ビニルピロリドン、N-ビニルイミダゾール、グリシジルアクリレート等をグラフト重合してなる共重合体が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物において、成分(C1)の含有割合は、当該潤滑油組成物に含まれる成分(C)の全量(100質量%)に対して、好ましくは30~100質量%、より好ましくは50~100質量%、更に好ましくは70~100質量%、より更に好ましくは80~100質量%、特に好ましくは90~100質量%である。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、必要に応じて、成分(B)及び成分(C)以外の潤滑油用添加剤をさらに含有してもよい。
このような潤滑油用添加剤としては、例えば、フェノール系酸化防止剤、アミノ系酸化防止剤等の酸化防止剤;金属スルホネート、金属サリシレート、金属フェネート等の金属系清浄剤;アルケニルコハク酸イミド等の無灰系分散剤;モリブデン系摩擦調整剤、脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸、脂肪族アルコール等の摩擦調整剤;ジチオリン酸亜鉛等の耐摩耗剤;リン系極圧剤、硫黄系極圧剤、硫黄-リン系極圧剤等の極圧剤;シリコーン系消泡剤等の消泡剤;ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物等の金属不活性化剤;防錆剤;帯電防止剤;等が挙げられる。
これらの潤滑油用添加剤は、それぞれ、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物の製造方法としては、特に制限はないが、生産性の観点から、成分(A)に、成分(B)及び成分(C)、並びに、必要に応じて、他の潤滑油用添加剤を配合する工程を有する、方法であることが好ましい。
なお、成分(B)及び成分(C)等の樹脂成分は、成分(A)との相溶性の観点から、希釈油に溶解された溶液の形態とし、当該溶液を成分(A)に配合することが好ましい。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物の40℃における動粘度は、好ましくは5.0~130mm2/s、より好ましくは6.5~100mm2/s、更に好ましくは8.0~100mm2/s、より更に好ましくは10.0~60mm2/s、特に好ましくは11.0~40mm2/sである。
なお、本明細書において、BF粘度は、ASTM D2983-09に準拠して測定した値を意味する。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物は、低温始動性、せん断安定性、及びキャビテーションの抑制効果等の優れた特性を有する。
そのため、本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物は、緩衝器の潤滑に好適に使用し得、より具体的には、複筒型ショックアブソーバー及び単筒型ショックアブソーバーの何れにも使用可能であり、二輪用及び四輪用のいずれのショックアブソーバーにも好適に使用し得る。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物のこれらの特性を考慮すると、本発明は、以下の[1]及び[2]も提供し得る。
[1]上述の本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物を充填した、緩衝器。
[2]上述の本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物を緩衝器の潤滑に適用する、潤滑油組成物の使用。
JIS K2283:2000に準拠して測定及び算出した。
(2)重量平均分子量(Mw)
ゲル浸透クロマトグラフ装置(アジレント社製、「1260型HPLC」)を用いて、下記の条件下で測定し、標準ポリスチレン換算にて測定した値を用いた。
(測定条件)
・カラム:「Shodex LF404」を2本、順次連結したもの。
・カラム温度:35℃
・展開溶媒:クロロホルム
・流速:0.3mL/min
表1に示す種類及び配合量にて、基油に、各種添加剤を配合し、潤滑油組成物をそれぞれ調製した。なお、表1に記載された各種添加剤の配合量は、希釈油で溶解された状態で配合したとしても、当該希釈油の質量を除いた有効成分換算(固形分換算)での配合量を記載している。
また、それぞれの潤滑油組成物の調製に使用した、基油及び各種添加剤の詳細は以下のとおりである。
・「パラフィン系鉱油」:40℃動粘度=7.1mm2/s、100℃動粘度=2.17mm2/s、粘度指数=109、15℃密度=0.82g/cm3である、パラフィン系鉱油。
<PMA>
・「PMA(55万)」:重量平均分子量(Mw)=55万のポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレート。
・「PMA(2.9万)」:重量平均分子量(Mw)=2.9万のポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレート。
・「PMA(14万)」:重量平均分子量(Mw)=14万のポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレート。
<OCP>
・「OCP(1.7万)」:重量平均分子量(Mw)=1.7万のエチレンプロピレン共重合体。
・「OCP(78万)」:重量平均分子量(Mw)=78万のオレフィン共重合体。
ASTM D2983-09に準拠して、-40℃におけるBF粘度を測定した。
当該BF粘度が低いほど、低温始動性に優れた潤滑油組成物であるといえ、-40℃におけるBF粘度が1500mPa・s以下である場合、低温始動性に優れた潤滑油組成物と判断した。
せん断試験は、超音波A法(JPI-5S-29)に準拠し、調製した潤滑油組成物を試料油とし、当該試料油30mLに、25℃で、超音波を60分間照射した。なお、超音波の出力電圧は、予め40℃動粘度を測定した標準油30mLに、25℃で、超音波を60分間照射した後の40℃動粘度の低下率が25%となる出力電圧の値を採用した。
そして、せん断試験前後での試料油の40℃動粘度を測定し、下記式から動粘度低下率を算出し、せん断安定性を評価した。
・動粘度低下率(%)=([せん断試験前の試料油の40℃動粘度]-[せん断試験後の試料油の40℃動粘度])/[せん断試験前の試料油の40℃動粘度]×100
当該動粘度低下率の値が小さいほど、せん断安定性に優れた潤滑油組成物であるといえ、動粘度低下率の値が11.0%未満である場合、せん断安定性に優れた潤滑油組成物と判断した。
図1は、キャビテーションの抑制効果を評価するための試験装置の模式図である。図1に示す試験装置1は、評価対象の試料油を貯めるオイルタンク11、試料油を循環させるポンプ12、試料油の温度を調整するヒータ13、試料油の流速を管理する流量計14、試料油の流れを制御するバルブ15a、15b、15c、側面にサファイア製の観察窓を備え、上流側の入口に直径1mmのオリフィス16aを備える観察タンク16、観察タンクの上流側と下流側にそれぞれ圧力計17a、17b、及び熱電対18を有する。
初めに、調製した潤滑油組成物を試料油としてオイルタンク11に充填し、バルブ15a、15b、15cを全開とし、ポンプ12及びヒータ13を作動して、流路1及び流路2に沿って、試料油を循環させながら、観察タンク16にも試料油を充填した。そして、試料油の温度が150℃に達して安定化した状態を初期状態とした。
初期状態から、バルブ15cを全開の状態から徐々に閉めて、試料油の流路2に沿った流れを制限しながら、上流側の圧力計17aが「0.5MPa」を示す状態を開始点とし、上流側のバルブ15a及び下流側のバルブ15bを調整して、上流側の圧力計17aが「5.0MPa」を示すまで段階的に加圧していった。その加圧をしていく過程で、キャビテーションの発生の程度に応じて予め基準を定めておいたキャビテーション評点に基づいて、観察タンク16の透明窓を通してキャビテーションの発生の程度を目視で観察し、キャビテーション評点が「5」となる地点での上流側の圧力計17aが示す上流側圧力Pu及び下流側の圧力計17bが示す下流側圧力Pdを確認し、キャビテーション係数を算出した。
なお、上記キャビテーション評点は、キャビテーション未発生を「0」とし、キャビテーションが最大で発生した状態を「10」として、1刻みの11段階での評価であって、各段階での基準は、キャビテーションの発生の程度により予め定めておいたものに基づく。
また、キャビテーション係数は、下記式から算出し、その値を表1に記載した。
・キャビテーション係数=(Pd+大気圧)/(Pu-Pd)
(上記式中、Puは上流側圧力(単位:Pa)、Pdは下流側圧力(単位:Pa)である。)
上記式から算出されるキャビテーション係数が小さいほど、キャビテーションの抑制効果が高い潤滑油組成物であるといえ、キャビテーション係数の値が0.45以下である場合、キャビテーションの抑制効果に優れた潤滑油組成物と判断した。
なお、上流側圧力が0.5MPaを示す開始点において、既にキャビテーション評点が「5」以上のキャビテーションが発生している場合には、常時キャビテーションが発生しているものとし、表1では「F」と記載している。
11 オイルタンク
12 ポンプ
13 ヒータ
14 流量計
15a、15b、15c バルブ
16 観察タンク
16a オリフィス
17a、17b 圧力計
18 熱電対
Claims (10)
- 基油(A)、重量平均分子量が150,000~900,000のポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレート(B)、及び、重量平均分子量が100,000以下のオレフィン共重合体(C)を含有し、緩衝器の潤滑に用いられる、潤滑油組成物。
- 成分(B)及び成分(C)の合計含有量が、前記潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、20.0質量%以下である、請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 成分(B)と成分(C)との含有量比〔(B)/(C)〕が、質量比で、1/99~90/10である、請求項1又は2の記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 成分(B)の含有量が、前記潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、0.1~10.0質量%である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 成分(C)の含有量が、前記潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、0.1~10.0質量%である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 成分(C)の重量平均分子量が、8,000以上100,000以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 成分(C)が、エチレンプロピレン共重合体(C1)を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 成分(A)~(C)の合計含有量が、前記潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、80~100質量%である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記潤滑油組成物の-40℃におけるBF粘度が1500mPa・s以下である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物を緩衝器の潤滑に適用する、潤滑油組成物の使用。
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| EP21858252.6A EP4202022A4 (en) | 2020-08-21 | 2021-08-13 | LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITION, SHOCK ABSORBER AND METHOD OF USING THE LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITION |
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| CN202180037180.9A CN115667472A (zh) | 2020-08-21 | 2021-08-13 | 润滑油组合物、缓冲器和润滑油组合物的使用方法 |
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| US20230287293A1 (en) | 2023-09-14 |
| EP4202022A4 (en) | 2024-08-21 |
| EP4202022A1 (en) | 2023-06-28 |
| CN115667472A (zh) | 2023-01-31 |
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