RU2360433C1 - High-moisture food wastes utilisation method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of compound animal feedstuff. Method includes recirculating movement of mixture of dispersed phase with vegetable filler and dispersive medium dry substances. First technological moisture content of the medium makes 16-26%. It is granulated, humidified with dispersive medium till second technological moisture content 55-70%, dried till first technological moisture content in drying agent flow, which penetrates mixture layer; after that, part of the mixture is separated and it is dried in drying agent flow penetrating mixture layer till final moisture content 10-12%. The rest of mixture is added to part with first technological moisture content, equal to deleted part not taking into account dry substances of dispersive medium.

EFFECT: invention allows to decrease energy consumption for producing dry compound animal feed component.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of waste disposal of agricultural production and can be used for the disposal of high-moisture perishable waste from food production.

A known method of disposal of high-moisture food waste (patent RU, 2292731, published 02.10.2007, Bull. No. 4), which consists in mixing grain waste to process humidity (from 24% to 40%), which is provided by changing the proportion of grain waste, extruding the mixture, impregnating extrudate with high-humidity food waste to technological humidity (from 65% to 75%) and drying the extrudate in an air stream. The disadvantage of this method is the high energy intensity of the extrusion process.

There is a method of disposal of one of the types of high-moisture food waste - alcohol stillage [Bernstein A.F., Sivolap I.K. Integrated use of distilleries distilleries. - Moscow, 1982. - 123 S.], in which the insoluble matter of the stillage is separated from the liquid and dried, and the filtrate is mixed with dried grains. The resulting pasty mixture is re-dried. The disadvantage of this method is the high energy intensity of the drying process.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce energy costs for obtaining a dry component of a feed based on high-moisture perishable waste from food production.

The specified technical result is achieved by the recirculating movement of a mixture of the dispersed phase with a filler of plant origin and solids of the dispersion medium, which is granulated with the first technological humidity of 16 ... 26%, then moistened with dispersion medium to a second technological humidity of 55 ... 70%, dried to the first technological humidity in the flow of the drying agent penetrating the layer of the mixture, then part of the mixture is separated, which is dried in the flow of the drying agent penetrating the layer of the mixture to the end hydrochloric humidity of 10 ... 12%, and to the remaining part of the mixture is added portion excluding solids dispersion medium, equidistant from first technological humidity. Granules can be crushed before moistening.

The machine-hardware diagram of the technology according to the proposed method is shown in the drawing.

The circuit includes dispersed phase 1 and filler 2 feeders, a mixer 3 and a press granulator 4 mixer, a granulator press 5, a valve 6, a humidifier 7, an intermediate dryer 8, a separator 9, a final drying chamber 10, a finished product storage 11. After the granulator, be installed pellet mill 12.

The method is as follows.

The dispersed phase of high-humidity food waste previously separated from the dispersion medium is fed to mixer 3. Add the filler of plant origin with feeder 2 in an amount that provides the first technological humidity. The mixture obtained in the mixer 3 is mixed with the recirculating mixture in the mixer of the press granulator 4, and then fed to the press granulator 5. The valve 6 controls the flow of the dispersion medium to the humidifier 7. The granules obtained on the press granulator are also fed there. In the humidifier, the recycle mixture is located until its humidity rises to the second process. After that, the mixture enters the intermediate dryer 8, where the humidity of the mixture decreases to the first process. From the intermediate dryer, the mixture enters the separator 9, which directs part of the mixture to the final drying chamber 10. From the final drying chamber, the mixture is sent to the finished product storage 11. Another (recirculating) part of the mixture from the separator 9 is fed to the press granulator 4. the surface of the absorption and evaporation of moisture after the press granulator can be installed granulator 12.

Humidification of the granular mixture can be done by dipping into the dispersion medium or by choking the dispersion medium onto the mixture layer.

The amount of recycle mixture should be such that the dispersion medium, separated from the dispersed phase introduced in the recycle cycle, moistens the recycle mixture in the cycle from the first process humidity to the second. The first technological humidity of the part of the mixture added to the recycle mixture before granulation (from 16 to 26%) is provided by changing the proportion of the introduced filler. The first process humidity is determined by the performance of the press granulator. The amount of the mixture of the dispersed phase and the filler added to the recycle mixture should ensure the replenishment of solids removed from the recycle mixture in the separator.

The diameter of the die of the granulator matrix provides a developed surface for the moisture exchange of granules. To increase the moisture exchange surface, the granules are crushed into crumbs. The size of the resulting crumbs should provide the necessary porosity of the mixture, providing free blowing flow of a drying agent.

The second technological humidity (from 55% to 70%) is the maximum possible humidity, which provides a stable form of the granular product so that it has porosity in the layer. The final humidity (10 ... 12%) is critical humidity, ensuring the safety of the finished product.

The finished product contains the solids of the filler, the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium.

The intensification of the drying process can be achieved by blowing a drying agent with a higher temperature through the layer of the mixture, however, the mixture should not be heated to the temperature of destruction of biologically active substances. The main advantages of the proposed method are its wastelessness, low coolant temperature, which prevents the entrainment of heat into the atmosphere and the destruction of biologically active substances of high-moisture food waste, as well as the low energy consumption of the granulation process compared to the extrusion process.

Claims (2)

1. The method of disposal of high-moisture food waste with separation into a dispersed phase and a dispersion medium, characterized in that it provides for recirculating movement of a mixture of the dispersed phase with a filler of plant origin and solids of the dispersion medium, which is granulated with the first technological humidity of 16 ... 26%, after which moistened with a dispersion medium to a second technological humidity of 55 ... 70%, dried to a first technological humidity in a stream of a drying agent penetrating the mixture layer, then from divide the part of the mixture, which is dried in the flow of a drying agent penetrating the layer of the mixture, to a final moisture content of 10 ... 12%, and to the remaining part of the mixture add a part without taking into account the solids of the dispersion medium, equal to the removed one, with the first technological humidity. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the granules are crushed into crumbs before being moistened.