RU2349332C2 - Method of immunodeficiency prevention for newborn calves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: method involves aqueous alcohol tincture of Echinacea grass and malt rhizomes and aqueous silver solution. From the first natal day calves receive 0.08-0.1 ml of aqueous alcohol tincture of Echinacea grass and malt rhizomes per 1 kg of calf weight orally once per day in 20-30 minutes before feeding for 10-14 days. Katis antiseptic is applied as aqueous silver solution. Katis is administered by 5-7 ml (0.38-0.53 mg of silver ions) per 30-40 kg of body weight with 100-120 ml of boiled water. Method is highly efficient for immune status correction of animals.

EFFECT: efficient method of immunodeficiency prevention.

1 ex

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine.

The use of immunostimulating substances based on plant materials, such as Echinacea (Bauer R., Wagner H. Echinacea species as potential immunostimulator drugs. In: Wagner H., Farnsworth NR (eds.), Economic and Medicinal Plant Research. Vol. 5 New York, is known. : Akademic Press, 1991, pp253-351) for the prevention of immunodeficiency of the body.

A technical solution is known, which is a chemical pure aqueous solution with a content of silver ions (Ag ⁺ ) of 75 mg in one liter of distilled water and obtained by electrochemical method of active silver ions in distilled water. A well-known aqueous solution of silver ions has an antiseptic effect (see RF patent No. 21644072, class A23L 3/34, 2001) and has the trademark Katis (certificate No. 229608).

The closest technical solution is a method of preventing immunodeficiency in farm animals (see RF patent No. 2182826, class A61K 33/38; 35/78 - prototype), in which the animals are given water-alcohol tincture of echinacea, licorice, elecampane with silver ions.

A disadvantage of the known proposal is the limited action.

The technical solution to the problem is to increase the effectiveness of the prevention of immunodeficiency in newborn calves.

The objective is achieved by the fact that in the method of preventing immunodeficiency in newborn calves, including the use of water-alcohol tinctures from Echinacea grass and licorice rhizomes and an aqueous solution of silver, according to the invention, from the first day of life, the calves are given orally for 10-14 days once a day for 20-30 minutes before feeding, water-alcohol tincture from Echinacea grass and licorice rhizome in a dose of 0.08-0.1 ml per 1 kg of animal weight, and an aqueous silver solution, which is used as an antiseptic "Katis" in a dose of 5-7 ml (0.38-0.53 mg of silver ions), p zbavlennogo with 100-120 ml of water for 30-40 kg animal weight.

The novelty of the proposed proposal is due to the fact that due to the combined use of water-alcohol tincture from the herb Echinacea and licorice rhizomes (the working name of the drug is “Sodekhin”) and the antiseptic “Katis” in the neonatal period (critical period), the prevention of immunodeficiency in newborn calves is increased.

A water-alcohol tincture of echinacea and licorice is prepared in 70% ethanol diluted with distilled water to a 30% alcohol solution. A phytopreparation based on echinacea and licorice does not give side effects, it is simple in the production technology and method of use, in therapeutic doses it is not toxic.

The drug "Sodekhin" is prepared from not scarce, environmentally friendly raw materials and economically viable. The active principle of Sodechin is glycyrrhizic and hydroxycinnamic acids. These substances play a large role in the manifestation of the immunostimulating properties of the plant. Sodekhin normalizes factors of nonspecific resistance, the activity of immunocompetent cells stimulates metabolic processes. The drug has a secretolytic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, choleretic effect.

The Katis antiseptic is obtained in a uniform electric field between silver electrodes (Wed-9.999). The set parameters of the regime (distance between the electrodes, temperature of the electrolysis process, current strength and voltage) ensure the transfer of silver ions to the distillate with the formation around them, presumably, of a solvate shell of dipole water molecules. The accumulation (concentration) in the liquid of a kind of "attached" to the water molecules of silver ions is produced in a moving fluid stream, which is in the periodic braking mode.

Antiseptic "Katis" with a wide spectrum of action, in appearance it is a liquid without color and odor with an acidic taste, has a high antibacterial activity of the substance at a concentration of silver ions from 0.001 mg / l, which is significantly lower than the permissible sanitary norm (0.01 g / l ), against cultures of Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus 209-P, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli. The stable antiseptic properties of silver ions are enhanced by its acid reaction. A hygienic certificate No. 23.KK.01.915.P.003234.05.06 was issued for the Katis antiseptic, manufacturer Tub 9154-001-10073810-2002, "Chemically pure hydrated silver concentrate," was developed by Kubanagrotok LLC.

The drug “Sodekhin” and the antiseptic “Katis” were used as an immuno-modulator for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes in respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases in calves.

A method for the prevention of immunodeficiency in newborn calves is as follows: newborn calves are given orally water-alcohol tincture "Sodekhina" in combination with the antiseptic "Katis" from the first day of life for 10-14 days once a day 20-30 minutes before feeding: "Sodekhin" in a dose of 0.08-0.1 ml per 1 kg of animal weight, antiseptic "Katis" in a dose of 5-7 ml (0.38-0.53 mg of silver ions) diluted with 100-120 ml of boiled water 30-40 kg of animal weight.

For therapeutic purposes, for respiratory diseases, “Sodekhin” was used in combination with the Katis antiseptic in the complex therapy system with etiotropic and emollients. For therapeutic purposes, for gastrointestinal diseases, for 3 days they used the Katis antiseptic and then Sodekhin in combination with the Katis antiseptic. The drugs were used 2 times a day in the morning and in the evening, before clinical recovery in the same doses as in the prophylaxis.

In the recommended doses and periods of use, the drugs do not have complications and side effects.

A basic experiment was conducted under conditions of production on newborn calves. The duration of the use of drugs is from 14 to 60 days with a mandatory break of 10 days after a 25-35 day course, depending on the immune status of the animal's body (on average 14 days). It is advisable to carry out the phytopreparation courses in the autumn-winter and winter-spring periods when the animal’s body is most weakened and predisposed to various infectious diseases. The drugs used in therapeutic doses are not toxic.

The mechanism of action of plant raw materials: Echinacea purpurea (Echinacea purpurea) in its composition contains the substance echinacin, which stimulate the body to produce its own interferon, an important protein that blocks the division of RNA and DNA viruses. Stimulates the activity of T cells, which are an important mediator in the body's immune system. It stimulates the adrenal cortex, increasing metabolic processes, while not causing its depletion. It also has antibacterial, antifungicidal and antiviral properties. The drug got its name "argehin" from two parts: the Latin "Argentum" - silver and the name of the herb - echinacea.

Licorice (Clycyrrhiza glabral) contains glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhizic acid, flavonic glycosides, as well as vitamins (in particular, ascorbic acid) and has the same properties as elecampane, as well as antispasmodic, vasodilator, anti-atherosclerotic Laxative, tonic to the nervous system, increases the function of the gonads, desensitizing and antipruritic effect.

An example of a specific implementation of the method for the prevention of immunodeficiency in newborn calves

Pre-tincture is prepared on the basis of the collection of Echinacea herb and licorice rhizomes, raw materials were purchased at the enterprise of the North Caucasian AIA VILAR. Dried raw materials were crushed, rhizomes, stems, leaves - up to 3 mm, flowers - up to 5 mm, which were mixed in certain mass ratios indicated above in the recipe. Then prepared a water-alcohol tincture of the collection. For this, 1 part of the raw material was taken, 5 parts of 70 vol.% Ethanol were added (i.e. at a dilution of 1: 5), mixed, placed in a dark glass dish, closed tightly and placed in a thermostat at 37 ° C for 10 days were mixed occasionally. Then it was filtered through a paper filter, after pressing the raw materials well. The resulting tincture was adjusted to 30% concentration with distilled water.

Then, the newborn calves were given water-alcohol tincture of Sodekhin in combination with the antiseptic Katis from the first day of life for 10-14 days once a day 20-30 minutes before feeding: Sodekhin at a dose of 0.08-0 , 1 ml per 1 kg of animal mass, antiseptic "Katis" in a dose of 5-7 ml (0.38-0.53 mg of silver ions) per 30-40 kg of animal weight with 100-120 ml of boiled water, orally. The calves of the first experimental group were treated with Sodekhin, the second with the Katis antiseptic, and the third with the Sodekhin combined with the Katis antiseptic.

In the experimental groups where the drugs were used, already on the 3rd day there was an increase in the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin level and, conversely, a decrease in white blood cells relative to the first day in the control group. So, in the first group, the number of red blood cells was 5% higher, hemoglobin - 3%, and white blood cells 9% lower; in the second experimental group - by 9%, 7% and 10%; in the third experimental group - by 9%, 5%, 15%, respectively, relative to the control group of the first days of the postnatal period.

By the 14th day relative to 3 days there was an increase in the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin level and, conversely, a decrease in the number of leukocytes. So, in the first experimental group, the number of red blood cells was 1.4 times higher, hemoglobin - 1.2 times, and white blood cells lower by 12%; in the second experimental one, the number of red blood cells and the hemoglobin level were 1.2 times higher; in the third experimental one - 1.5 times, 1.2 times and lower by 18%, respectively, relative to the control group of 3 days of the postnatal period.

On the 14th day after birth, the calves showed a significant increase in protein fractions in the experimental groups by 1.2-1.3 times in contrast to the control. The level of γ-globulins was 1.4 times higher in the first and third experimental groups, and 1.3 times higher in the second experimental group. The level of β-globulins in the first experimental group was 1.3 times higher, in the second and third experimental groups - 1.2 times. The level of α-globulins in the experimental groups decreased by 1.4-1.5 times relative to 3-day-old calves of the control group.

At two weeks of age, calves in the experimental groups showed an increase in the percentage of active neutrophils, the absorption and digestion ability of neutrophilic granulocytes. So, in the first experimental group, the percentage of active neutrophils increased by 1.5 times, the absorption capacity of neutrophilic granulocytes by 1.4 times, digesting the ability of neutrophilic granulocytes by 1.3 times; in the second experimental one - 1.5 times, 1.3 and 1.2 times, respectively; in the third experimental group, the percentage of active neutrophils and the absorption capacity of neutrophilic granulocytes increased 1.5 times, and the digesting ability - 1.3 times relative to the first day.

The bactericidal and lysozyme activities of calf blood serum were higher in the first experimental group by 27 and 26%, in the second experimental group - by 11 and 6%, in the third experimental group - by 37 and 36%, respectively, relative to the control group.

The use of environmentally friendly drugs for newborn calves has a beneficial effect on humoral and cellular immunity. According to the data obtained, it is possible to judge the functional state of cells of B- and T-systems. An increase in the concentration of immunoglobulins indicates an increase in T and B lymphocytes. In the experimental groups, a decrease in gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves was observed, which indicates an increase in the natural resistance of the body of newborns.

Thus, the use of drugs, especially in combination “Sodekhin” and the antiseptic “Katis”, contributed to an increase in the natural resistance of the calf’s organism, which manifested itself in a decrease in the incidence rate and an increase in the average daily gain, an increase in the biotone of the body.

Calves suffering from acute respiratory infections (bronchopneumonia) received symptomatic and sodechin in combination with katis antiseptic; with alimentary diarrhea of a non-infectious nature, the antiseptic is katis for 3 days, then sodechin in combination with the katis antiseptic.

After completion of treatment, general clinical indicators were restored to almost the level of clinically healthy animals. However, it should be noted that in calves who had acute respiratory infections (bronchopneumonia), the erythrocyte count was 15% lower; non-contagious alimentary diarrhea - by 13%, the amount of hemoglobin - by 8 and 5%, respectively. In cases of acute calves with acute respiratory infections, the leukocyte count was 40% higher (1.2 times), and non-infectious alimentary diarrhea was almost at the same level as the control group.

After the use of the preparations, the sick calves returned to the control level, both the morphological parameters of the blood and the changes in the leukocyte formula were restored.

Acute respiratory diseases (bronchopneumonia) and non-infectious alimentary diarrhea are accompanied by a decrease in blood serum total protein, albumin and β- and γ-globulins and an increase in the content of α-globulins, which are known to contain the main inflammatory proteins (acute phase proteins). An increase in the cationic component and mucin is also noted. Such a type of dysproteinemia may be due to an increase in the production of the paraprotein fraction of proteins (pathological immunoglobulins), which belongs mainly to the γ-globulin fraction. After using the drugs, there was an increase in the total protein and β- and γ-globulins, albumin and a decrease in α-globulins, as well as the cationic component and mucin in the sick calves with acute respiratory diseases and non-infectious alimentary diarrhea relative to the start of treatment and the control group.

After the treatment of calves with acute respiratory diseases (bronchopneumonia), the percentage of active phagocytes and the digesting ability of neutrophils increased by 10% and 4%, and the absorption capacity, on the contrary, was 20% lower than in clinically healthy ones.

After the treatment of calves for non-infectious diarrhea was completed, an increase in the percentage of active phagocytes was observed, and the absorption and digestion ability of neutrophils increased by 17, 3, and 9% relative to clinically healthy ones.

After the treatment of calves with acute respiratory diseases (bronchopneumonia) and alimentary diarrhea of a non-infectious nature, an increase in the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum was observed by 1.3 times relative to the start of treatment.

After treatment of calves with acute respiratory diseases and non-infectious alimentary diarrhea is completed, the number of T-lymphocytes is 1.6 and 1.2 times; the level of B-lymphocytes - by 11%; the content of NK-lymphocytes significantly decreased 1.6 and 1.3 times, respectively, relative to the start of treatment.

After treatment of calves with acute respiratory diseases and non-infectious alimentary diarrhea was completed, the IgA content increased by 1.8 and 2 times, the IgM content by 20% (1.2 times) and 34% (1.3 times), the level IgG - by 27% (1.3 times) and 47% (1.5 times), respectively, relative to the start of treatment.

Analysis of the data as a whole allows us to conclude that with the pathologies studied, there is an increase in NK-lymphocytes and a decrease in T- and B-lymphocytes, and therefore, the main classes of immunoglobulins. It should be noted that with alimentary diarrhea of a non-infectious nature, calves have the lowest rates of all classes of immunoglobulins, which indicates a pronounced defect in humoral immunity in this disease. The results justify the need for correction of the immune status of calves with these pathologies.

The calves that received Sodekhin in combination with the Katis antiseptic recovered 100%.

Claims (1)

A method for the prevention of immunodeficiency in newborn calves, including the use of water-alcohol tinctures from Echinacea grass and licorice rhizomes and an aqueous solution of silver, characterized in that from the first day of life, calves are given orally for 10-14 days once a day for 20-30 minutes prior to feeding, a water-alcohol tincture of Echinacea herb and licorice rhizome in a dose of 0.08-0.1 ml per 1 kg of animal weight, and an aqueous silver solution, which is used as a Katis antiseptic, is administered in a dose of 5-7 ml ( 0.38-0.53 mg of silver ions) with 100-120 ml of boiled water per 30-40 kg of animal mass.