RU2271095C2 - Multiple-function apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering and agricultural engineering, in particular, equipment for grinding of fiber feeds and succulent feeds, grain, medicinal grasses, roots and other materials.

SUBSTANCE: multiple-function apparatus has grinding device mounted on frame for rotation and fixation relative to frame at an angle of 0-360 deg and comprising working tool with drive, grinding chamber and material charging and discharge zones. Rotation and fixation device is made in the form of at least column and rotation shaft secured by means of bushings to upper part of column. Disk with handle, nut with arm and friction gasket are positioned for longitudinal displacement at one side on rotation shaft and washer and nut with arm are positioned at other side of rotation shaft. Rotation and fixation of grinding apparatus at any angle relative to frame allows length of path and time for passage of material through grinder to be changed and material grinding extent to be regulated within wide range.

EFFECT: wider operational capabilities and increased efficiency of apparatus.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, mainly agricultural, in particular to multifunctional devices, for example, for grinding and crushing various materials: coarse and succulent feed, grain, medicinal herbs, root crops and other materials, to perform other processes in the home, farm, private and collective farms.

A multifunctional device is known, called a "Mobile feed chopper" (Application 97108622/13 of 05.20.97. - Inventions. - 1999. - No. 14. - C.3), containing a grain mill, root cutter, straw chopper, frame, electric motor, drive belts, switching unit and chassis. However, this device is very complex in design, bulky and not retoolable.

Known multifunctional chopper (RF Patent No. 2116720 C1, class A 01 F 29/00, 02 C 13/02, 1998) containing a frame and a base unit mounted on it in the form of a chopping device including a working body with a drive, a grinding chamber and the zone of loading and unloading of material, while the grinding device is installed with the possibility of rotation and fixing relative to the frame.

However, the technological capabilities of this multifunctional grinder are small: it has limited possibilities for adjusting the angle of rotation, and this does not allow to quickly change the degree of grinding of the material during the technological process.

The objective of the present invention is the expansion of technological capabilities due to operational readjustment to perform various technological processes. Achievable technical result - the ability to vary the time and path of the material during operation without changing the design and quick changeover to other devices.

The application of the proposed design of a multifunctional device will allow to process various materials, including feed, with a wide range of characteristics of the source and processed material without changing the design.

The problem is solved in that the grinding device, comprising a working body with a drive, a grinding chamber and material loading and unloading zones, is installed with the possibility of rotation and fixing relative to the frame at any angle 0 ... 360 ° (and due to the easily rotated frame with wheels or runners - at any angle in space). Moreover, it is additionally equipped with a device for rotation and fixation relative to the frame. In addition, the rotation and fixing device is made in the form of at least one rack and a rotation axis, which is fixed by bushings to the upper part of the rack or racks, moreover, on one side, a disk with a handle, a nut with handle and friction gasket, and on the other - washer and nut with handle. In addition, the problem is solved in that the racks in length and the distance between the racks are made so that they provide free rotation of the grinding device 360 °. In this case, the working body with the drive and the grinding chamber are connected to the rotation axis by means of brackets, and the rack or racks of the rotation and fixing device are rigidly attached to the frame.

The claimed technical solution differs from the prototype in that the grinding device is mounted with the possibility of rotation and fixing relative to the frame at any angle of 0 ... 360 °. At the same time, the multifunctional device is additionally equipped with a device for turning and fixing the base unit relative to the frame. The difference also lies in the fact that the rotation and fixing device is made in the form of at least one rack and a rotation axis, which is fixed by bushings to the upper part of the rack or racks, and on one side of the rotation axis, a disk with handle, nut with handle and friction gasket, and on the other - washer and nut with handle. The rack or racks in length and the distance between the racks are made so that they provide free rotation of the grinding device 360 °. In this case, the working body with the drive and the grinding chamber are connected to the rotation axis by means of brackets, and the rack or racks of the rotation and fixing device are rigidly connected to the frame.

Experimental studies have confirmed that the implementation of a multifunctional device with the ability to rotate and fix the grinding device at any angle in the vertical plane to the frame, which is quick and easy, in the process allows you to change the path length and time of passage of the material through the grinder and thus adjust over a wide range the degree of grinding of the material without structural changes and readjustment.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 schematically shows a General view of a multifunctional device, figure 2 is the same, with a chopping device tilted by a small angle, figure 3 is the same, with a chopping device tilted by 270 ... 360 °, in fig. 4 is a section A-A (Fig. 1) shows a device for turning and fixing the grinding device relative to the frame.

The multifunctional device consists of a frame 1, a grinding device 2 and a device for turning and fixing 3. The grinding device 2 can be quickly redeployed to other devices (mixer, emery wheel, fan, oil churn and many others). And on the non-replaceable part (section AA), many other devices can be installed. The grinding device 2 can be of any type and includes, for example, a working body 4 with a drive 5, a grinding chamber 6, a loading zone 7, for example, in the form of a hopper 7a or insert 7b and a material discharge zone 8. The drive 5 may be, for example, an electric motor, an engine, a gear motor with a transmission 9. The working body 4 includes a rotor 10 with grinding elements 11. The rotation and fixing device 3 is mounted on the frame 1 and consists of one or more (in the drawings - two) uprights 12 (Fig. 4), in the upper part of which the rotation axis 14 is fixed using the bushings 13. The chopping device 2 is connected to the rotation axis by means of brackets 15. On the one side, the axis 16 is mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement along the last disk 16 with handle 17, a nut 18 with a handle 19, a washer 20, and a friction pad 21. On the other hand, a washer 22 and a nut 23 with a handle 24 are mounted on the axis 14. One of the bushings 13 (from the friction pad 21) is provided with a disk 25. Frame 1 can be made a trolley (or with wheels, or with runners, or with wheels and runners, as in the drawings).

A multifunction device operates as follows. For example, when crushing grain. The source material 26 (figure 1) is loaded into the hopper 7a. The grinding device 2 is installed vertically to obtain a minimum degree of grinding, i.e. larger material. To do this, use the handles 19 and 24 with nuts 18 and 23 (Fig. 4) to brake the rotation axis 14, and using the handle 17, rotate the axis 14 with the drive 5 mounted on it and the working body 4 to the vertical position of the rotor 10. Fix the device by tightening the nuts 18 and 23. When the rotor 10 is rotated with the grinding elements 11, the material 26, coming from the hopper 7a with the open shutter 27, is crushed.

To obtain a large degree of grinding, it is sufficient to tilt the rotor by a small angle from 0 to 90 ° (depending on the desired degree of grinding) in the same way as described above.

Turning the working body 4 with the drive 5 to a larger angle - about 180 ° and installing instead of the sieve 8a insert 7b (Fig.3), you can grind other materials, such as grass, straw, root crops, medicinal herbs, etc.

Having replaced the grinding elements on the rotor 10, the hopper 7a and the sieve 8a, the drive 5 to other nodes and working bodies, turning and fixing the grinding device at any angle to the frame (and due to the easily rotated frame with wheels or runners - at any angle in space) . At the same time, you can turn a multifunctional device into many others: butter churn, emery, conditioner, saw, etc.

A specific embodiment of the device is a multifunctional device - a grinder-grinder of grain and grass. Drive power - 1.1 kW, rotation speed - 1000 ... 3000 min. ^-1 . The rotor diameter is 300 mm. Dimensions - 681 × 1070 × 1240 mm. Productivity on crushing grain - up to 220 kg / h. The grain grinding module can be adjusted from 0.1 to 3 mm for pigs, cattle and poultry.

Capacity for grinding straw up to 40 kg / h with a cutting length of 10 to 150 mm. The multifunctional device was also tested with a positive result in the processing of grass, root crops, medicinal herbs and roots, tobacco, nutshell, sea buckthorn cake and other materials.

The use of the claimed design of a multifunctional device will allow (due to the ability to quickly re-arrange and easily rotate the working mechanism) to increase the number of operations and expand the range of processed materials. Conversion to 84 devices is sketched. Especially effective is the use of the inventive multifunctional device in personal and farming, as it not only solves all the tasks of grinding any feed, but can also be used to perform other processes during readjustment and to drive any other installations, for example, meat grinders, mixers, churns, including installed stationary. To do this, it is enough to install the drive with the grinding device at the required angle using the turning and fixing device and carry out the necessary readjustment.

Claims (3)

1. A multifunctional device containing a frame and mounted on it with the possibility of rotation and fixing the grinding device, comprising a working body with a drive, a grinding chamber and a zone of loading and unloading material, characterized in that the grinding device is mounted with the possibility of rotation and fixing relative to the frame at an angle 0 ... 360 °, and the rotation and fixing device is made in the form of at least one rack and a pivot axis, which is fixed by bushings to the top of the rack, and on one side of the turn mounted for longitudinal movement of the drive with the handle nut with a handle and a friction lining, and on the other - a washer and a nut with a handle. 2. The multifunctional device according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding device is fixed to the axis of rotation by means of brackets. 3. The multifunctional device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rack or racks of the rotation and fixing device are rigidly attached to the frame.

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