RU2252074C1 - Device for crushing loose feed - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: crushing, pulverizing, or disintegrating.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises vertical cylindrical housing provided with a lid. The housing receives rotor with working members and perforated screen. The chamber for collecting crushed feed is defined by the housing and screen. The bottom section of the housing is provided with accumulating pad made of a ring cylindrical collector which connects the chamber with the cyclone. The lid is provided with a shell in its top section. The shell is mounted for permitting rotation around the lid. The shell and the lid are provided with the same through grooves which connect the collecting chamber with the atmosphere. The hopper with the adjustable gate is used for charging feed to be crushed. The width of the chamber for collecting the crushed feed may be equal to the width of the collector. The ring collector may be detachable.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency and quality of finished feed.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanization of livestock farming processes, in particular to devices for grinding various types of bulk feed; can be used in feed workshops of livestock farms or in feed mills.

A device for grinding bulk feed, in particular feed grain, which contains a vertically cylindrical body, a hammer rotor and a perforated sieve, is known. Hammers and sieves are installed with a certain clearance. (RU 2209119 C2, 07.27.2003).

However, this device is not intended for transportation of grinding products in containers, does not fully meet the requirements of environmental protection.

The closest in technical essence the invention is a device for grinding bulk feed, including a cylindrical body with a lid, a vertically mounted rotor, a perforated vertical sieve, forming with the body a collection chamber for chopped feed, installed in the lower part of the body storage tray in communication with the cyclone. (SU 152608 A, 1/25/1963).

However, practice has shown that during the operation of the device, the grain heats up, the moisture contained in it evaporates and combines with flour dust, consisting mainly of starch; this forms gluten, which adheres to the inner conical part of the body, which leads to clogging of the cone and the machine stops working. In addition, the lower bearing of the device is difficult to protect from dust.

The objective of the invention is to simplify the design and operation, ensure the issuance of grinding products in containers, as well as increasing the degree of grinding and the reliability of the device.

This object is achieved in that in a device for grinding bulk feed containing a cylindrical body with a lid, a rotor vertically mounted in the body, a perforated vertical sieve forming a collection chamber for chopped feed with the body, a storage tray in communication with the cyclone located in the lower part of the body, which is made in the form of an annular collector, and the lid is provided with a shell mounted on the lid with the possibility of axial rotation, and in the shell and lid are made the same through grooves that, when combined, communicate the chopped feed collection chamber to the atmosphere, while the lower portion of the chopped feed collection chamber communicates with the cyclone through an annular collector. In addition, the width (δ) of the chopped feed collection chamber is equal to the width of the annular collector and corresponds to the formula

δ = (D-d) / 2 = 35-50 mm,

where D is the diameter of the device, d is the diameter of the sieve and the inner diameter of the collector.

The annular collector is removable from the housing.

Thus, the claimed design of the device meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty", since it is not known from the prior art and meets the criteria of the invention of "inventive step", since it does not explicitly follow from the prior art, and also provides a result that satisfies the corresponding need for increasing feed quality and device reliability. In addition, this device is industrially applicable, since it can be used in agriculture for the preparation of animal feed.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the device; figure 2 is a section along aa of figure 1; figure 3 is a view B of figure 1; figure 4 is a section bb In figure 3.

The device for grinding bulk feed contains a vertical cylindrical housing 1 with a cover 2. In the housing, a rotor 3 with working bodies 4 and a perforated sieve 5 are vertically mounted, forming a chamber 6 for collecting crushed feed with the housing. A storage tray is installed in the lower part of the casing, made in the form of an annular cylindrical collector 7, which communicates with the collection chamber 6 with the cyclone 8. The cover 2 is provided with a casing 9 in the upper part, which is mounted with a fixed axial rotation around it. In the casing 9 and the lid 2 are made the same through grooves 10, which communicate with the atmosphere to the chamber 6 for collecting the crushed feed. The width (δ) of the crushed feed collection chamber 6 is equal to the width of the annular collector 7 and is selected within the range of 35-50 mm, and the annular collector is removable from the housing 1 to provide installation and other works. To load unmilled feed, a hopper 11 is provided, which has a valve 12 for adjusting the feed feed, the rotor 3 is driven by an electric motor 13. An air duct 14 and a centrifugal fan 15 are provided for communicating the annular collector 7 with the cyclone 8 and the collection chamber 6 of the chopped feed. the exhaust pipe 16, and the housing of the device is mounted on the frame 17. To prevent foreign objects from entering the device, a woven sieve 18 is installed in the hopper 11.

A device for grinding bulk feed is as follows.

Bulk feed or its ingredients are poured into the hopper 11 and under the influence of its own weight and air flow created by the rotor 3 and the suction of the centrifugal fan 15, is lowered down into the device. In the body, the whole mass is continuously crushed due to the working bodies 4 of the rotor 3 and through the perforation of the sieve 5 enters the annular chamber 6 of crushed feed. Further, the mass of feed and air is sucked out by the fan 15 through an annular collector 7, in which it is additionally twisted and fed through the air duct 14 to the cyclone 8. The exhaust air leaves through the exhaust pipe 16 into the atmosphere, and the feed chopped by the device is unloaded and packaged in the lower part of the cyclone 8. For stable operation of the device, compliance with the air-food regime, the air is additionally sucked into the chamber 6 for collecting feed grinding through the through grooves 10 in the shell 9 and the cover 2. In this case, the air through 10 elements in chamber 6 pulverized feed is controlled by a fixed pivot shroud 9 around the cover 2 of the housing 1. The width (δ) collecting chamber 6 pulverized feed and annular collector 7 is the same and is 30-35 mm, can be determined by the relation

δ = (D-d) / 2 = 35-50 mm,

where D is the diameter of the device, d is the diameter of the sieve and the inner diameter of the collector.

If necessary, the grinding process directly without cyclone 8, as well as preventive and repair work, the annular collector 7 is removed from the device.

Thus, this device allows you to provide the most optimal air-product operating mode in the collection chamber of crushed feed during the operation of the device and to provide the necessary degree of grinding, the quality of the final feed and the supply of grinding products into the container.

Claims (3)

1. A device for grinding bulk feed, comprising a cylindrical body with a cover, a vertically mounted rotor in it, a perforated vertical sieve, forming with the body a collection chamber for chopped feed, a storage tray located in the lower part of the housing, characterized in that the storage tray is made in the form ring collector, the lid is provided with a shell mounted on it with the possibility of axial rotation, moreover, the same through grooves are made in the shell and lid, which, when combined, communicate the collection chamber of the crushed feed with the atmosphere, while the lower part of the collection chamber is communicated with the cyclone through an annular collector. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the width (δ) of the collection chamber for chopped feed is equal to the width of the annular collector and corresponds to the formula:

where D is the diameter of the device, d is the diameter of the sieve and the inner diameter of the collector. 3. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the annular collector is removable from the housing.

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