RU13765U1 - FEED GRINDER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A feed crusher containing a feed hopper, knives for cutting fibrous plant materials, a crushing chamber in which a rotor with pivotally mounted hammers for crushing grain, a sieve, a fan, a discharge pipe and a drive, characterized in that the rotor is made in the form of an impeller, is located the knives are mounted on the rotor-impeller by means of an arm, while the knives are mounted in several rows, one after the other in sections perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the impeller shaft, and a fan is installed on the impeller shaft or, moreover, a wall is fixed between the fan and the impeller, in which there is a gap made between the sieve and the case of the crushing chamber to create a vacuum in the cavity of the crushing chamber and eject the crushed feed through the gap into the discharge pipe. 2. Feed mill according to claim 1, characterized in that segmented knives are mounted on the impeller. Feed crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that in the crusher body there is an opening for feeding feed additives.

Description

Feed crusher.

The invention relates to feed crushing devices.

Known devices for grinding plant materials / see patent R.F. R 2002403, class 5 AOIE29 / 00, dated June 24, 91 /. The device comprises a housing in which a feeding device is installed, a primary cutting knife apparatus with an anti-cut bar, a feeding screw with a chute to the secondary grinding mills. The trough and the casing of the feeding device are interconnected by means of a guide of a U-shaped heat. This device is intended only for cutting plant materials.

. The feed crusher is also known (see USSR author's certificate No. 426695 KL.V02S13 / 00, dated 19.09.72). The crusher contains a chamber and a shaft located in it with plates mounted on it in several rows equipped with hammers. The hammers of each subsequent row are displaced relative to each previous row by a distance providing grinding of feed in all parts of the working space of the crushing chamber. This known device is intended for crushing grain.

The closest technical solution to the proposed solution for its intended purpose is a feed crusher for crushing grain and plant materials, described in the technical description and operating instructions for the KDU-2.0-1 feed crusher Ukrainka NovgorodVolynsky agricultural machinery plant. Zhytomyr Regional Polygraph Publishing House, 1991 The feed crusher contains a feed hopper, knives for cutting vegetable raw materials, a crushing chamber in which a rotor with hinges fixed with hammers for crushing grain, a sieve, a vent MPK B02C 13/00 AOIE 29/00 is located

torus and inlet pipe. Moreover, the crushing chamber with a rotor and a hopper is mounted by separate mechanisms. The cutting drum with knives and conveyors is also mounted as a separate mechanism. Such a constructive solution complicates the design and creates unreliable work of the feed crusher. The fan is mounted as a separate unit, which does not purge the crushed plant material, as a result of which the sieve is clogged and it takes a long time to clean it. To bring the individual mechanisms into rotation, kinematic gears are installed, this requires increased engine power. In addition, the well-known feed mill is bulky and inconvenient to operate.

The proposed feed crusher contains a feed hopper, but a knife for cutting fibrous plant materials, a crushing chamber in which a rotor with pivotally mounted axes hammers for crushing grain, a sieve, a fan, a discharge pipe and a drive are located. Distinctive features in the inventive feed crusher is the implementation of the rotor in the form of an impeller, which creates additional air draft together with a fan, which both sinter the best intake of grain and plant material into the crushing chamber and feed the crushing feed into the discharge pipe without freezing and eliminating plugs in the body movement cavities . The knives, by means of an arm, are fixed on the rotor-impeller; moreover, the knives are mounted in several rows, one after another, in sections perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the impeller, the knives being segmented. This design provides the best sequential grinding of plant materials / straw, hay, etc. / and feed it to the rotor-impeller for further grinding with hammers.

movable fastening between the fan and the impeller of the wall with a gap along the outer diameter allows you to create a vacuum in the cavity of the crushing chamber, to constantly maintain the sieve in its pure form, i.e. does not allow him to clog forage. And the fan, together with the impeller, creates an additional draft of air necessary to move the feed through the gap and discharge it into the discharge pipe.

The installation of a rotor-impeller drive with knives attached to it, as well as a fan on one shaft, provides a compact, simple design and ease of operation. If necessary, add feed additives to the feed.

The proposed feed mill is presented in the drawings. In FIG. I is a general view of the feed crusher; In Fig.2 is a view along arrow A, in Fig.1; In Fig.Z is a section along BB, in Fig.2; Figure 4 - presents the node I, figure 1.

The feed crusher consists of a feed hopper I, a crushing chamber 2, in which a rotor is located, made in the form of an impeller 3 with blades 4. Four axes 5 are fixed around the circumference of the rotor - impeller 3, each of which has four crushing hammers 6, divided between They are remote washers. The rotor-impeller is mounted on the shaft 8 of the drive 9. The segment knives 10 on the p-impeller 3, by means of the bracket II, are fixed in several rows, one after another. Each row of knives, when a-a, b-b, c-c is seen in their cross-sections, is perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the y-axis of the shaft 8. A fan 12 is mounted on the shaft 8. A removable sieve 13 is fixed to the body around the circumference above the impeller. 12 and the impeller 3, a wall 14 is fixedly mounted, in which there is a gap 15 made on the outer diameter, between the sieve and the crusher chamber body / when viewed from the side /, to the opening of the crusher chamber 2, above the fan 12, an injection pipe 16 is attached to which if necessary, may be added Inonii cyclone / not shown / in the grinding chamber there is an opening 17 for supplying fodder additives. The crushing chamber 2 is installed on the shock absorber 18. The feed hopper I is mounted on the support 19. A safety flap 20 is fixed in the hopper I and a shutter 21 for dispensing grain is installed. The drawing shows: D - feed additive, K - feed output.

The feed crusher operates as follows.

When grinding grain and bulk feed. From the loading bunker I, the grain enters the crushing chamber 2 and is crushed under the influence of the hammers 6 of the impeller rotor 3 and the sieve 13. The crushed feed particles fall through the openings in the sieve 13 and are sucked out from the sieve space by a gap 15 by the fan 12 and the impeller blades 4, which transport the feed through the discharge pipe 16 to a cyclone / not shown / or in another place. The installation between the fan 12 and the impeller 3 of the machine 14 with a gap of 15 allows you to create a vacuum in the cavity of the crushing chamber, which ensures reliable ejection of feed from it into the discharge pipe 16 and continuous cleaning of the sieve 13.

When grinding and cutting vegetable raw materials / hay, straw, corncobs, etc. / From the feed hopper I, the vegetable raw material enters the crushing chamber 2, where, under the influence of the first rows of knives 10, sections aa, bbu / primary cutting vegetable raw materials and under the influence of the next row of knives 10 / section, secondary cutting / grinding / of vegetable raw materials is performed. After this, the feed is crushed with hammers 6 and falls through the holes in the sieve 13. From the sieve

 the crushed feed is sucked off by a gap 15 by the fan 12 and the impeller blades 4 and then transported through the discharge pipe 16. When grinding the feed with high humidity, the sieve 13 is removed. If necessary, feed additives are fed into the feed through opening 17. The shield 20 protects the worker from accidental flight of grain from the crushing chamber. Authors: (11 ... 1 Dremin L.A. 2. Merzlyakov B, I. 3. Bazhenov V.N. 4. Anisimov P.P.

Claims (3)

1. A feed crusher containing a feed hopper, knives for cutting fibrous plant materials, a crushing chamber in which a rotor with pivotally mounted hammers for crushing grain, a sieve, a fan, a discharge pipe and a drive, characterized in that the rotor is made in the form of an impeller, is located the knives are mounted on the rotor-impeller by means of an arm, while the knives are mounted in several rows, one after the other in sections perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the impeller shaft, and a fan is installed on the impeller shaft or, moreover, a wall is fixed between the fan and the impeller, in which there is a gap made between the sieve and the case of the crushing chamber to create a vacuum in the cavity of the crushing chamber and eject the crushed feed through the gap into the discharge pipe.  2. Feed crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that segmented knives are mounted on the impeller. 3. Feed crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the crusher body has an opening for feeding feed additives.