JP2010539119A - 1,3−二置換4−(アリル−x−フェニル)−1h−ピリジン−2−オン - Google Patents
1,3−二置換4−(アリル−x−フェニル)−1h−ピリジン−2−オン Download PDFInfo
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- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011534 wash buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003871 white petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
R1は、C1−6アルキル基;あるいは、ハロ,トリフルオロメチル基もしくはトリフルオロメトキシ基で置換されたフェニル基,フェニル基またはC3−7シクロアルキル基で置換されたC1−3アルキル基であり;
R2は、ハロ,トリフルオロメチル基,C1−3アルキル基またはシクロプロピル基であり;
R3は、水素またはハロであり;
Xは、O,S,SO,SO2,またはCF2であり;および
Arは、非置換のフェニル基;非置換のピリジニル基;ハロ,C1−3アルキル基,C1−3アルコキシ基,トリフルオロメチル基,ヒドロキシC1−3アルキル基および(CH2)n−CO2H(式中、n=0,1,または2)からなる群から選択される1または2個の置換基で置換されたフェニル基またはピリジニル基である。
R1が、1−ブチル基,2−メチル−1−プロピル基,3−メチル−1−ブチル基,(シクロプロピル)メチル基または2−(シクロプロピル)−1−エチル基であり;
R2が、クロロまたはトリフルオロメチル基であり;
R3が、水素,クロロまたはフルオロであり;
Xが、Oであり;および
Arが、少なくとも1個のメチル基で置換されたピリジニル基,またはCOOHもしくはヒドロキシC1−3アルキル基で置換されたフェニル基である。
R1が、1−ブチル基,3−メチル−1−ブチル基,(シクロプロピル)メチル基または2−(シクロプロピル)−1−エチル基であり;
R2が、クロロであり;
R3が、クロロまたはフルオロであり;
Xが、Oであり;および
Arが、2−メチルピリジン−4−イル,2−メチルピリジン−3−イルまたは2,6−ジメチルピリジン−4−イルである。
R1が、1−ブチル基,3−メチル−1−ブチル基,(シクロプロピル)メチル基または2−(シクロプロピル)−1−エチル基であり;
R2が、クロロであり;
R3が、3’−クロロまたは3’−フルオロであり;
Xが、Oであり;および
Arが、2−メチルピリジン−4−イル,2−メチルピリジン−3−イルまたは2,6−ジメチルピリジン−4−イルである。
本発明による化合物は通常、一連の段階により調製することができ、各段階は当業者に公知である。特に、該化合物は、以下の合成方法に従って調製することができる。
実験手順1
式(I)の化合物は、反応スキーム(1)に従い、式(II)の中間体を式(III)の化合物と反応させることによって調製できる。好適な反応不活性溶媒(例えば、1,4−ジオキサンなど)中または不活性溶媒の混合物(例えば、1,4−ジオキサン/DMFなど)中、好適な塩基(例えば、水性のNaHCO3またはNa2CO3など),Pd錯体触媒(例えば、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)など)の存在下、従来の加熱下またはマイクロ波照射下で、該反応が終了するまでに要する好適な時間で加熱(通常、マイクロ波照射下150℃で10分間、この反応混合物を加熱)することによって反応を実施する。反応スキーム(1)において、可変記号はすべて式(I)中に定義されており、Yは、Pdを媒介したボロン酸またはボロン酸エステルとのカップリングに好適な基(例えば、ハロゲン,トリフラート基など)であり、R4およびR5は、ハロゲンまたはアルキル基であっても、例えば、式−CH2CH2−,−CH2CH2CH2−または−C(CH3)2C(CH3)2−の2価ラジカルなどをともに形成してもよい。このような中間体(II)および(III)は、反応スキーム(2)〜(15)に従って調製することができる。最終化合物中に存在する種々の官能基を式(I)に記載の他の官能基に変換することは、当業者に周知の合成法によって実施することができる。
実験手順2
Yがハロゲン(ハロ)を表す式(II−a)の中間体は、式(IV)の中間体を好適なハロゲン化剤(例えば、オキシ臭化リンなど)と反応させることによって調製することができる。好適な反応不活性溶媒(例えば、DMFなど)中、適度に高い温度(例えば、110℃など)で反応を実施する。反応スキーム(2)において、可変記号はすべて式(I)中に定義されている。
Yがトリフラートを表す式(II−b)の中間体は、式(IV)の中間体をトリフリック無水物[triflic anhydride](トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸無水物ともよばれる)と反応させることによって調製することができる。好適な反応不活性溶媒(例えば、ジクロロメタンなど)中、塩基(例えば、ピリジンなど)存在下、低温(例えば、−78℃など)で反応を実施する。反応スキーム(3)において、可変記号はすべて式(I)中に定義されている。
R2がハロゲンを表す式(IV−a)の中間体は、反応スキーム(4)に従い、式(V)の中間体をN−ハロスクシンイミド試薬(例えば、N−クロロスクシンイミド,N−ブロモスクシンイミドまたはN−ヨードスクシンイミドなど)と反応させることによって調製することができる。この反応は、好適な反応不活性および非プロトン性溶媒(例えば、ジクロロメタンまたは1,2−ジクロロエタンなど)中、好適な温度(通常は室温)で該反応を終了するのに要する時間この反応混合物を撹拌することによって実施する。反応スキーム(4)において、可変記号R1は式(I)中に定義されている。
R2がトリフルオロメチル基,C1−3アルキル基またはシクロプロピル基を表す式(IV−b)の中間体は、好適な反応不活性溶媒(例えば、エタノールなど)中、触媒(例えば、活性炭上の10%のパラジウム)存在下、該反応が確実に終了するのに要する時間(通常、室温で水素1気圧下2時間)式(VI)の中間体を水素化分解することによって調製することができる。反応スキーム(5)において、可変記号R1は式(I)中に定義されている。
式(V)の中間体は、好適な反応不活性溶媒(例えば、エタノールなど)中、触媒(例えば、活性炭上の10%のパラジウム)存在下、該反応を確実に終了するのに要する時間(通常、室温で水素1気圧下2時間)式(VII)の中間体を水素化分解することによって調製することができる。反応スキーム(6)において、可変記号R1は式(I)中に定義されている。
式(VII)の中間体は、塩基(例えば、K2CO3など)および任意にヨウ化塩(例えば、KIなど)を用いて、不活性溶媒(例えば、アセトニトリルまたはDMFなど)中、適度に高い温度(例えば、80〜120℃など)で、該反応を終了するのに要する好適な時間(例えば、16時間など)、市販の4−ベンジルオキシ−1H−ピリジン−2−オン[CAS:53937−02−3]を式(VIII)(式中、Zは脱離基である。)の市販のアルキル化剤と反応させる公知手順によって調製することができる。反応スキーム(7)において、可変記号R1は式(I)中に定義され、Zは脱離基(例えば、ハロゲンなど)である。
R2がハロゲンを表す式(VI−a)の中間体は、好適な反応不活性溶媒(例えば、DMF,ジクロロメタンまたは酢酸)中、通常、室温で1〜24時間、式(VII)の中間体を、市販のN−ハロスクシンイミド試薬(例えば、N−クロロスクシンイミド(NCS),N−ブロモスクシンイミド(NBS)またはN−ヨードスクシンイミド(NIS)など)と反応させることによって調製することができる。反応スキーム(8)において、可変記号R1は式(I)中に定義されている。
R2がCF3を表す式(VI−b)の中間体は、好適な反応不活性溶媒(例えば、DMFなど)中、好適な銅塩(ヨウ化銅(I)など)存在下、該反応を終了させるのに要する好適な時間加熱(例えば100℃で5時間)して、ハロゲンがヨウ素を表す式(VI−a)の中間体を市販のメチル2,2−ジフルオロ−2−(フルオロスルホニル)酢酸塩と反応させることによって調製することができる。反応スキーム(9)において、可変記号R1は式(I)中に定義されている。
R2がC1−3アルキル基またはシクロプロピル基である式(VI−c)の中間体は、好適な反応不活性溶媒(例えば、1,4−ジオキサンなど)中、好適なパラジウム触媒錯体(例えば、[1,1’−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)−フェロセン]−ジクロロパラジウム(II)−DCM錯体など)存在下および好適な塩基(NaHCO3など)存在下、該反応が終了するのに要する好適な時間加熱(例えば、マイクロ波照射下175℃で20分間)して、式(VI−a)の中間体をC1−3アルキルボロン酸誘導体またはシクロプロピルボロン酸誘導体(シクロプロピルボロン酸またはメチルボロン酸など)と反応させることで調製することができる。反応スキーム(10)において、可変記号R1は式(I)中に定義されている。
式(III)の中間体は、パラジウム触媒(例えば、1,1’−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセンパラジウム(II)二塩化物など)存在下、不活性溶媒(例えば、ジクロロメタンなど)中、好適な塩(例えば、酢酸カリウムなど)存在下、適度に高い温度(例えば、110℃などで、例えば、16時間など)で、式(IX)の中間体を好適なホウ素源(例えば、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロンなど)と反応させることによって、公知の手順に従い調製することができる。
式(IX)の中間体は、好適な塩基(例えば、水素化ナトリウムなど)存在下、不活性溶媒(例えば、ジメチルホルムアミドなど)中、適度に高い温度(例えば、180℃など)で、標準的な加熱下またはマイクロ波照射加熱下、該反応が確実に終了するのに要する好適な時間、ハロゲン化された式(X)の中間体を好適な式(XI)の中間体(例えば、2,3−ジメチル−4−ニトロ−ピリジン−1−酸化物など)と反応させることによって公知の手順に従い調製することができる。反応スキーム(12)において、可変記号はすべて式(I)中に定義され、ハロゲンはクロロ,ブロモまたはヨードであってもよく、Wは好適な脱離基(例えば、ハロゲンまたはニトロなど)である。
加えて、式(IX)の中間体は、ザントマイヤー型反応を用いて式(XII)のアニリン様中間体から、公知手順に従い調製することができる。反応スキーム(13)において、可変記号はすべて式(I)中に定義され、ハロゲンは、クロロ,ブロモまたはヨードでもよい。
式(XII)の中間体は、公知の手順(触媒水素化または還元剤として塩化スズ(II)二水和物の用いるなど)でニトロ基をアミノ官能基に還元することにより、公知の手順に従い、式(XIII)の中間体から調製することができる。反応スキーム(14)において、可変記号はすべて式(I)中に定義されている。
式(XIII)の中間体は、好適な塩基(例えば、炭酸セシウムなど)存在下、不活性溶媒(例えば、テトラヒドロフランなど)中、該反応が終了するのに要する好適な時間、従来の加熱下またはマイクロ波照射下、適切な温度で加熱し、式(XIV)の中間体を好適な式(XV)の中間体と反応させることによって、公知の手順に従い調製することができる。反応スキーム(15)において、可変記号はすべて式(I)中に定義されている。
本発明で提供される化合物は、代謝型グルタミン酸受容体の正のアロステリック調節因子であり、特に、該化合物はmGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子である。本発明の化合物は、グルタミン酸の認識部位、すなわち、オルト立体的リガンド部位に結合するようには見えないが、代わりに該受容体の七回膜貫通領域中のアロステリック部位に結合すると思われる。グルタミン酸またはmGluR2のアゴニストの存在下、本発明の化合物は、mGluR2反応を増強させる。
本発明は、薬学的に許容し得る担体または希釈剤および、活性成分として、本発明による化合物(特に、式(I)による化合物,その薬学的に許容し得る塩,その溶媒和物またはその立体化学的な異性体)の治療上の有効量を含む医薬組成物にも関する。
本発明の化合物を調製するいくつかの方法は、以下の実施例において例示されている。特に明記しない限り、すべての出発物質は商業用供給元から得られたものであり、それ以上精製せずに使用した。
4−ベンジルオキシ−1−シクロプロピルメチル−1H−ピリジン−2−オン(D1)
1−シクロプロピルメチル−4−ヒドロキシ−1H−ピリジン−2−オン(D2)
1−ブチル−3−クロロ−4−ヒドロキシ−1H−ピリジン−2−オン(D3)
トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸1−ブチル−3−クロロ−2−オキソ−1,2−ジヒドロピリジン−4−イルエステル(D4)
トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸3−クロロ−1−シクロプロピルメチル−2−オキソ−1,2−ジヒドロピリジン−4−イルエステル(D5)
4−ベンジルオキシ−1−シクロプロピルメチル−3−ヨード−1H−ピリジン−2−オン(D6)
4−ベンジルオキシ−1−シクロプロピルメチル−3−トリフルオロメチル−1H−ピリジン−2−オン(D7)
1−シクロプロピルメチル−4−ヒドロキシ−3−トリフルオロメチル−1H−ピリジン−2−オン(D8)
4−ブロモ−1−シクロプロピルメチル−3−トリフルオロメチル−1H−ピリジン−2−オン(D9)
4−(4−ブロモ−フェノキシ)−2−メチル−ピリジン(D10)
2−メチル−4−[4−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−[1,3,2]ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)−フェノキシ]−ピリジン(D11)
4−(4−ブロモ−3−フルオロフェノキシ)−2−メチルピリジン1−オキシド(D12)
4−[3−フルオロ−4−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−[1,3,2]ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)−フェノキシ]−2−メチル−ピリジン(D13)
3−(2−フルオロ−4−ニトロフェノキシ)−2,6−ジメチル−ピリジン(D14)
4−(2,6−ジメチル−ピリジン−3−イルオキシ)−3−フルオロ−フェニルアミン(D15)
3−(4−ブロモ−2−フルオロ−フェノキシ)−2,6−ジメチル−ピリジン(D16)
3−[2−フルオロ−4−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−[1,3,2]ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)−フェノキシ]−2,6−ジメチル−ピリジン(D17)
3−(3−フルオロ−4−ニトロフェノキシ)−2,6−ジメチル−ピリジン(D18)
4−(2,6−ジメチル−ピリジン−3−イルオキシ)−2−フルオロ−フェニルアミン(D19)
3−(4−ブロモ−3−フルオロ−フェノキシ)−2,6−ジメチル−ピリジン(D20)
3−[3−フルオロ−4−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−[1,3,2]ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)−フェノキシ]−2,6−ジメチル−ピリジン(D21)
4−(4−ブロモ−2−フルオロ−フェノキシ)−2,6−ジメチル−ピリジン(D22)
4−[2−フルオロ−4−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−[1,3,2]ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)−フェノキシ]−2,6−ジメチル−ピリジン(D23)
4−(4−ヒドロキシ−フェノキシ)−安息香酸メチルエステル(D24)
4−(4−トリフルオロメタンスルホニルオキシ−フェノキシ)−安息香酸メチルエステル(D25)
4−[4−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−[1,3,2]ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)−フェノキシ]−安息香酸メチルエステル(D26)
4−[4−(1−ブチル−3−クロロ−2−オキソ−1,2−ジヒドロ−ピリジン−4−イル)−フェノキシ]−安息香酸メチルエステル(D27)
2−[4−(4−ブロモ−フェノキシ)−フェニル]−プロパン−2−オール(D28)
2−{4−[4−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−[1,3,2]ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)−フェノキシ]−フェニル}−プロパン−2−オール(D21)
1−ブチル−3−クロロ−4−[4−(2−メチルピリジン−4−イルオキシ)−フェニル]−1H−ピリジン−2−オン(E1)
1−ブチル−3−クロロ−4−[2−フルオロ−4−(2−メチルピリジン−4−イルオキシ)−フェニル]−1H−ピリジン−2−オン(E2)
3−クロロ−1−シクロプロピルメチル−4−[4−(2,6−ジメチルピリジン−3−イルオキシ)−3−フルオロ−フェニル]−1H−ピリジン−2−オン(E3)
4−[4−(1−ブチル−3−クロロ−2−オキソ−1,2−ジヒドロ−ピリジン−4−イル)−フェノキシ]−安息香酸(E4)
1−シクロプロピルメチル−4−[4−(2,6−ジメチル−ピリジン−4−イルオキシ)−3−フルオロ−フェニル]−3−トリフルオロメチル−1H−ピリジン−2−オン(E5)
LCMS−基本手順
HPLC測定は、下記方法のそれぞれに規定されている脱気剤,オートサンプラー[autosampler],カラムオーブン[column oven],ダイオードアレイ検出器(DAD)およびカラムを有するポンプ(四成分系または二成分系)を含む、アジレント・テクノロジー社のHP1100を用いて実施した。カラムからのフローを分割し、MS分光計に流入させた。MS検出器をエレクトロスプレーイオン化供給源から構成した。窒素を噴霧ガスとして用いた。供給源の温度を140℃に維持した。データ取得は、MassLynx−Openlynxソフトウェアにより実施した。
基本手順に加えて:逆相HPLCを、流速1ml/分,60℃として、アジレント社のXDB−C18カートリッジ(1.8μm,2.1×30mm)で実施した。用いた勾配条件:6.5分までに90%A(0.5g/l酢酸アンモニウム溶液),5%B(アセトニトリル),5%C(メタノール)から50%Bおよび50%Cに、7分で100%Bに、そして7.5〜9.0分で初期条件に平衡化した。注入量を2μlとした。高解像度マススペクトル(飛行時間,TOF)は、0.1秒間の滞留時間を用いて0.5秒間で100から750までスキャンすることによって陽イオン化モードのみから得られた。キャピラリー・ニードル電圧[capillary needle voltage]は2.5kVであり、コーン電圧は20Vであった。ロイシン−エンケファリンをロック・マス較正[lock mass calibration]に用いる標準物質とした。
多くの化合物の融点は、メトラー社FP62という装置でオープン・キャピラリー管において測定した。融点は、3〜10℃/分の温度勾配により測定した。最大温度は300℃であった。融点はデジタル表示から読み取ったものであり、この分析法に共通して付きまとう実験上の不確実性をもって得られたものである。
本発明で提供される化合物は、mGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子である。これら化合物は、グルタミン酸の結合部位以外のアロステリック部位に結合することによって、グルタミン酸反応を強化すると考えられる。式(I)の化合物が存在すると、グルタミン酸濃度に対するmGluR2の反応が強まる。式(I)の化合物は、該受容体の機能を強化することができるため、実質的にmGluR2における効果を有すると期待される。下記の[35S]GTPγS結合アッセイ法を用いたmGluR2で試験された正のアロステリック調節因子の挙動、およびこの挙動が該化合物(特に、式(I)の化合物)の同定に好適であることが、表4に示されている。
[35S]GTPγS結合アッセイは、非加水分解性の形態であるGTP,[35S]GTPγS(γ放射性35Sで標識されたグアノシン5’三リン酸)の取り込みを測定するというGタンパク質共役受容体(GPCR)機能の研究で用いる機能性膜ベース[membrane-based]アッセイである。Gタンパク質αサブユニットは、グアノシン5’二リン酸(GDP)のグアノシン三リン酸(GTP)への交換を触媒し、アゴニストによってGPCRが活性化されると[35S]GTPγSが取り込まれ、この交換サイクルを続けることができなくなる(ハーパー(1998年)Current Protocols in Pharmacology 2.6.1〜10,ジョン・ワイリー&サンズ社)。放射性[35S]GTPγSの取り込み量はGタンパク質活性の直接的尺度であるから、アゴニスト活性を測定することができる。mGluR2受容体はGαiタンパク質に選択的に共役する(この方法にでは選択的共役)ことを示すため、この方法は、組換え株化細胞および組織のいずれにおけるmGluR2受容体の受容体活性化の研究にも広く用いられている(シャフハウザーら(2003年),ピンカートンら(2004年),ミュテルら(1998年) Journal of Neurochemistry.71巻:2558〜64頁;シャフハウザーら(1998年)Molecular Pharmacology 53巻:228〜33頁)。これより、出願人らは、ヒトmGluR2受容体をトランスフェクションした、シャフハウザーら((2003年)Molecular Pharmacology 4巻:798〜810頁)のものを改変した細胞から得られた膜を用いた、本発明の化合物の正のアロステリック調節(PAM)特性を検出するための[35S]GTPγS結合アッセイの使用を記載する。
CHO細胞をコンフルエンスになる前まで培養し、PBSで洗浄する前に5mM酪酸により24時間刺激した後、ホモジナイズ用緩衝液(50mMトリス−HCl緩衝液,pH7.4,4℃)中こすりとって回収した。細胞溶解物を、ULTRA−TURRAXホモジナイザを用いて短時間(15秒間)ホモジナイズした。ホモジネートを23500×gで10分間遠心分離し、上清を捨てた。ペレットを、5mMトリス−HCl(pH7.4)中に再懸濁し、再び遠心分離した(30000×g,20分間,4℃)。最終ペレットを、50mMのHEPES(pH7.4)に再懸濁し、使用前に適切なアリコートに分割して−80℃で保存した。タンパク質濃度は、ウシ血清アルブミンを基準としてブラッドフォード法(バイオラッド社,USA)により測定した。
ヒトmGluR2を含む膜における試験化合物のmGluR2の正のアロステリック調節活性の測定は、凍結した膜を用いて実施した。凍結した膜を解凍し、短時間ホモジナイズした後、所定の最小濃度のグルタミン酸(PAMアッセイ)を添加または無添加の、徐々に濃度を増加させた(0.3nM〜50μM)正のアロステリック調節因子を含むアッセイ用緩衝液(50mM HEPES(pH7.4),100mM NaCl,3mM MgCl2,50μM GDP,10μg/ml サポニン)中、96穴プレートでプレインキュベート(15μg/1アッセイ・1穴,30℃で30分間)した。PAMアッセイでは、膜をEC25濃度(すなわち、最大のグルタミン酸反応の25%を与える濃度であって、既報のデータ(ピンら(1999年)Eur.J.Pharmacol.375巻:277〜294頁)に沿った濃度)でグルタミン酸とプレインキュベートした。反応総量を200μlとするために[35S]GTPγS(0.1nM,f.c.)を添加した後、活性化によって[35S]GTPγSを取り込ませるよう、さらにインキュベートした(30℃で30分間)。この反応を、ガラスファイバー濾板(Unifilter 96−well GF/B濾板,パーキン−エルマー社,ダウナーズグローブ,USA)で急速に真空濾過することによって止めた。マイクロプレートは、96穴プレ−トのセルハーベスター(Filtermate,パーキン−エルマー社,USA)を用い、次いで300μlの氷冷洗浄用緩衝液(pH=7.4、Na2PO4・2H20 10mMおよびNaH2PO4・H20 10mM)で3回洗浄した。その後、フィルターを風乾し、40μlの液体シンチレーション・カクテル(Microscint−O)を各穴に加え、膜に結合した[35S]GTPγSを96穴シンチレーション・プレートリーダー(Top−Count,パーキン−エルマー社,USA)で測定した。非特異的[35S]GTPγS結合は、冷却した10μMのGTPの存在下で測定する。各曲線は、11種の濃度で、データポイント1つ当り2個のサンプルを用いて少なくとも1回実施して得られたものである。
正のアロステリック調節(PAM)を測定するため添加したグルタミン酸(mGluR2アゴニスト)がEC25存在した場合の、本発明の代表的な化合物の濃度−反応曲線を、Prism GraphPadソフトウェア(グラフ・パッド社,サンディエゴ,USA)を用いて作成した。曲線は、EC50値を決定することができる、4個のパラメータを有するロジスティック方程式(Y=Bottom+(Top−Bottom)/(1+10^(LogEC50−X)*Hill Slope))にフィッティングさせた。EC50は、最大グルタミン酸反応の半分の反応を生じさせる化合物の濃度である。正のアロステリック調節因子がない場合のグルタミン酸反応から、正のアロステリック調節因子が完全に飽和した濃度で存在する場合の最大グルタミン酸反応を差し引くことによってEC50を算出する。よって、最大効果の半分を生じる濃度がEC50として算出される。
正のアロステリック調節(GTPγS−PAM)を測定するために、mGluR2アゴニストであるグルタミン酸が所定のEC25濃度で存在する条件で、すべての化合物について試験した。示されている値は、少なくとも1回の実験から得られた、11種の濃度反応曲線の2個の数値の平均である。化合物No.29,34および35を除いたすべての化合物のpEC50の数値が5.0以上であり、6.05から7.40までの値を示した。1回の実験におけるpEC50の測定値の誤差は、ログ単位で約0.3のであると推定される。
これら実施例を通して用いた「活性成分」とは、式(I)の最終化合物,その薬学的に許容し得る塩,溶媒和物およびその立体化学的な異性体に関する。
1.錠剤
活性成分 5〜50mg
ジリン酸カルシウム 20mg
ラクトース 30mg
滑石 10mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム 5mg
ジャガイモ澱粉 ad200mg(最後に加えて総量を200mgにする。)
この実施例において、活性成分は、本発明の化合物のいずれかと同じ量、特に任意の例示した化合物と同じ量で置換することができる。
各1ミリリットルに、1〜5mgの活性成分1種,50mgのカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム,1mgの安息香酸ナトリウム,500mgのソルビトールおよびad1mlの水(最後に水を加えて総量を1mlにする。)を含まれるように、水性懸濁液を経口投与用に調製する。
プロピレングリコールを10体積%で含む水中、1.5重量%の本発明の活性成分を撹拌することによって、非経口組成物を調製する。
活性成分 5〜1000mg
ステアリル・アルコール 3g
ラノリン 5g
白色ワセリン 15g
水 ad100g(最後に加えて総量を100gにする。)
この実施例において、活性成分は、本発明の化合物のいずれかと同じ量、特に任意の例示した化合物と同じ量で置換することができる。
Claims (22)
- 下記式(I)を有する化合物もしくはその立体化学的な異性体、または薬学的に許容し得るその塩もしくはその溶媒和物(ただし、式中、R3が2’−フルオロである場合、Arは1個または2個のC1−3アルキル置換基で置換された3−ピリジニル基ではない。);
式中、
R1は、C1−6アルキル基;あるいは、ハロ,トリフルオロメチル基もしくはトリフルオロメトキシ基で置換されたフェニル基,フェニル基またはC3−7シクロアルキル基で置換されたC1−3アルキル基であり;
R2は、ハロ,トリフルオロメチル基,C1−3アルキル基またはシクロプロピル基であり;
R3は、水素またはハロであり;
Xは、O,S,SO,SO2,またはCF2であり;ならびに
Arは、非置換のフェニル基;非置換のピリジニル基;ハロ,C1−3アルキル基,C1−3アルコキシ基,トリフルオロメチル基,ヒドロキシC1−3アルキル基および(CH2)n−CO2H(式中、n=0,1,または2)からなる群から選択される1または2個の置換基で置換されたフェニル基またはピリジニル基である。 - R1が、1−ブチル基,2−メチル−1−プロピル基,3−メチル−1−ブチル基,(シクロプロピル)メチル基または2−(シクロプロピル)−1−エチル基であり;
R2が、クロロまたはトリフルオロメチル基であり;
R3が、水素,クロロまたはフルオロであり;
Xが、Oであり;および
Arが、少なくとも1個のメチル基で置換されたピリジニル基,またはCOOHもしくはヒドロキシC1−3アルキル基で置換されたフェニル基である請求項1に記載の化合物あるいは薬学的に許容し得るその塩またはその溶媒和物。 - R1が、1−ブチル基,3−メチル−1−ブチル基,(シクロプロピル)メチル基もしくは2−(シクロプロピル)−1−エチル基であり;
R2が、クロロであり;
R3が、クロロもしくはフルオロであり;
Xが、Oであり;および
Arが、2−メチルピリジン−4−イル,2−メチルピリジン−3−イルもしくは2,6−ジメチルピリジン−4−イルである請求項1に記載の化合物あるいは薬学的に許容し得るその塩またはその溶媒和物。 - 1−ブチル−3−クロロ−4−[4−(2−メチルピリジン−4−イルオキシ)−フェニル]−1H−ピリジン−2−オン;
1−ブチル−3−クロロ−4−[2−フルオロ−4−(2−メチルピリジン−4−イルオキシ)−フェニル]−1H−ピリジン−2−オン;
3−クロロ−1−シクロプロピルメチル−4−[4−(2,6−ジメチルピリジン−3−イルオキシ)−3−フルオロ−フェニル]−1H−ピリジン−2−オン;
4−[4−(1−ブチル−3−クロロ−2−オキソ−1,2−ジヒドロ−ピリジン−4−イル)−フェノキシ]−安息香酸;および
1−シクロプロピルメチル−4−[4−(2,6−ジメチル−ピリジン−4−イルオキシ)−3−フルオロ−フェニル]−3−トリフルオロメチル−1H−ピリジン−2−オン
からなる群から選択される請求項1に記載の化合物。 - 治療上の有効量の請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の化合物と、薬学的に許容し得る担体または賦形剤とを含む医薬組成物。
- 薬剤として使用される請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- ヒトを含む哺乳動物の疾患を治療または予防するための薬剤の製造における、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の化合物または請求項5に記載の医薬組成物の使用であって、
該治療または該予防が、mGluR2の正のアロステリック調節因子の神経調節作用によって影響を受けるかまたは容易となる、該化合物または該医薬組成物の使用。 - 不安障害,精神病性障害,人格障害,物質関連障害,摂食障害,気分障害,片頭痛,てんかんまたは痙攣性疾患,小児期障害,認知障害,神経変性,神経毒性および虚血からなる群から選択される中枢神経系障害を治療または予防するための薬剤の製造における、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の化合物または請求項5に記載の医薬組成物の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、広場恐怖,全般性不安障害(GAD),強迫性障害(OCD),パニック障害、心的外傷後ストレス障害(PTSD),社会恐怖症および他の恐怖症からなる群から選択される不安障害である請求項8に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、統合失調症,妄想性障害,統合失調性感情障害,統合失調症様障害および物質誘発性[substance-induced]精神病性障害からなる群から選択される精神病性障害である請求項8に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、強迫性人格障害および統合失調性(統合失調症性障害)からなる群から選択される人格障害である請求項8に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、アルコール乱用,アルコール依存,アルコール離脱,アルコール離脱せん妄,アルコールによる精神病性障害,アンフェタミン依存,アンフェタミン離脱,コカイン依存,コカイン離脱,ニコチン依存,ニコチン離脱,オピオイド依存およびオピオイド離脱からなる群から選択される物質関連障害である請求項8に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、神経性食欲不振症および神経性過食症からなる群から選択される摂食障害である請求項8に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、双極性障害(IおよびII),循環病,鬱病,気分変調性障害,大鬱病性障害および物質誘発性気分障害からなる群から選択される気分障害である請求項8に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、片頭痛である請求項8に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、全身性非痙攣性のてんかん,全身性痙攣性のてんかん,小発作てんかん重積状態,大発作てんかん重積状態,意識障害の有無にかかわらない部分てんかん,乳児痙攣,持続性部分てんかん[epilepsy partialis continua],および他の種類のてんかんからなる群から選択されるてんかんまたは痙攣性疾患である請求項8に記載の使用。
- 上記小児期障害が、注意欠陥/多動性障害である請求項8に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、せん妄,物質誘発性の持続的せん妄,認知症,HIV疾病に起因する認知症,ハンチントン舞踏病に起因する認知症,パーキンソン病に起因する認知症,アルツハイマー型の認知症,物質誘発性の持続的認知症および軽度認識障害からなる群から選択される認知障害である請求項8に記載の使用。
- 上記中枢神経系障害が、不安神経症,統合失調症,片頭痛,鬱病,およびてんかんからなる群から選択される請求項8に記載の使用。
- 請求項7〜19のいずれかに記載の疾患を治療または予防するための薬剤の製造における、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の化合物とmGluR2のオルト立体的[orthosteric]アゴニストとを組み合わせた使用。
- 不安障害,精神病性障害,人格障害,物質関連障害,摂食障害,気分障害,片頭痛,てんかんまたは痙攣性疾患,小児期障害,認知障害,神経変性,神経毒性および虚血からなる群から選択される中枢神経系障害を治療または予防するのに使用される請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の化合物を対象に投与することを含む方法であって、
不安障害,精神病性障害,人格障害,物質関連障害,摂食障害,気分障害,片頭痛,てんかんまたは痙攣性疾患,小児期障害,認知障害,神経変性,神経毒性および虚血からなる群から選択される中枢神経系障害を治療または予防する方法。
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| JP2010529264A (ja) * | 2007-06-07 | 2010-08-26 | アルベマール・コーポレーシヨン | 低分子量臭素化ポリマー、および熱可塑性配合物におけるそれらの使用 |
| JP2010539120A (ja) * | 2007-09-14 | 2010-12-16 | オルソー−マクニール−ジャンセン ファーマシューティカルズ, インコーポレイテッド. | 1,3−二置換−4−フェニル−1h−ピリジン−2−オン |
| JP2010539121A (ja) * | 2007-09-14 | 2010-12-16 | オルソー−マクニール−ジャンセン ファーマシューティカルズ, インコーポレイテッド. | 1’,3’−二置換−4−フェニル−3,4,5,6−テトラヒドロ−2h,1’h−[1,4’]ビピリジニル−2’−オン |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2016531083A (ja) * | 2013-06-27 | 2016-10-06 | ファイザー・インク | 複素芳香族化合物およびそのドーパミンd1リガンドとしての使用 |
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| CA2697399A1 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
| US8748621B2 (en) | 2014-06-10 |
| CL2008002746A1 (es) | 2009-05-22 |
| EA201000331A1 (ru) | 2011-02-28 |
| CN101848893A (zh) | 2010-09-29 |
| US8252937B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 |
| NZ584152A (en) | 2011-11-25 |
| CN101848893B (zh) | 2012-06-06 |
| US20100286206A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
| EP2200985A1 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
| HK1144159A1 (en) | 2011-01-28 |
| MX2010002538A (es) | 2010-08-10 |
| AU2008297876B2 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
| JP5366269B2 (ja) | 2013-12-11 |
| AU2008297876A1 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
| CA2697399C (en) | 2016-01-19 |
| KR20100065191A (ko) | 2010-06-15 |
| ZA201001221B (en) | 2011-04-28 |
| US20120309793A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
| ATE516272T1 (de) | 2011-07-15 |
| BRPI0817101A2 (pt) | 2017-05-09 |
| PT2200985E (pt) | 2011-07-21 |
| PL2200985T3 (pl) | 2011-12-30 |
| ES2365966T3 (es) | 2011-10-14 |
| WO2009033702A1 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
| EA019085B1 (ru) | 2014-01-30 |
| TW200922566A (en) | 2009-06-01 |
| AR068512A1 (es) | 2009-11-18 |
| DK2200985T3 (da) | 2011-10-24 |
| EP2200985B1 (en) | 2011-07-13 |
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