TW200922566A - 1,3 disubstituted 4-(aryl-X-phenyl)-1H-pyridin-2-ones - Google Patents
1,3 disubstituted 4-(aryl-X-phenyl)-1H-pyridin-2-ones Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/62—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D213/63—One oxygen atom
- C07D213/64—One oxygen atom attached in position 2 or 6
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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Description
200922566 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於新穎吡啶酮衍生物 王物,其為代謝型麵胺酸受 體亞型2(”mGlUR2”)之正向異位調節 叫即則且其適用於治療或 預防與麵胺酸鹽功能障礙有關之神 … 竹,工病症及精神病症及涉 及代謝型受體之mGluR2亞型的疾病。本發明亦係關於包 含該專化合物之醫藥組合物,製備該等化合物及組合物之 方法,及該等化合物用於預防或治療神經病症及精神病症 及涉及mGluR2之疾病的用途。 【先前技術】 麩胺酸鹽為哺乳動物中樞神經系統中之主要胺基酸神經 傳遞質。麵胺酸鹽在^生理功能中起主要作用,諸如學 習及記憶,以及感觀感覺,突觸可塑性之產生、運動控 制、呼吸及心血管功能之調節。此外,麩胺酸鹽處於若干 不同神經及精神疾病之中心,其中甦胺酸神經傳遞中存在 不平衡。 麩胺酸鹽藉由離子移變麩胺酸鹽受體通道(iGluR)之活化 及造成快速興奮性傳遞之NMDA、AMPA及紅藻胺酸 (kainate)受體介導突觸神經傳遞。 此外’麩胺酸鹽活化代謝型麩胺酸受體(mGluR;),其具 有造成突觸功效微調之更多調節性作用。 越胺酸鹽藉由與在本文中稱為鄰位(orth〇steric)結合位 點之受體的大胞外胺基末端結構域的結合來活化mGluR。 此結合誘發受體中之構形改變,從而導致G蛋白及胞内信 134479.doc 200922566 號轉導路徑之活化。 mGluR2亞型經由Gai蛋白之活化與腺苷酸環化酶負性偶 合,且其活化導致抑制突觸中之糙胺酸鹽釋放。在中樞神 經系統(CNS)中,mGluR2受體主要富含於整個皮質、丘腦 區、副嗅球、海馬組織、扁桃體、尾殼核及伏隔核中。 臨床試驗中展示活化mGluR2有效治療焦慮症。此外, 展示在各種動物模型中活化mGluR2為有效的,因此表示 治療精神分裂症、癲癇症、成瘾/藥物依賴、帕金森氏症 (Parkinson's disease)、疼痛、睡眠失調及亨廷頓氏症 (Huntington's disease)之潛在新穎治療方法。 迄今為止,多數可獲得之靶向mGluR之藥理學工具為活 化若干家族成員之鄰位配位體,因為其為麩胺酸鹽之結構 類似物。 研發作用於mGluR之選擇性化合物的新途徑為識別經由 異位機制起作用之化合物,其藉由與不同於高度保守之鄰 位結合位點之位點結合來調節受體。 最近已出現mGluR之正向異位調節劑,其為提供此誘人 替代之新穎藥理學實體。已描述作為mGluR2正向異位調 節劑之各種實例。WO 2004/092135(NPS 及 Astra Zeneca)、 WO 2004/018386、WO 2006/014918 及 WO 2006/015158 (Merck)、WO 2001/56990(Eli Lilly)及 WO 2006/030032 (Addex及 Janssen Pharmaceutic a)分別描述作為 mGluR2 正向 異位調節劑之苯基磺醯胺、苯乙酮、茚酮、吡啶基曱基、 磺醢胺及吡啶酮衍生物。其中特定揭示之化合物均不與本 134479.doc 200922566 發明化合物結構上相關。 證明該等化合物自身不使受體活化。然而,其使受體能 對麩胺酸鹽濃度產生最大反應,而自身誘發最小反應。突 變分析已明確證明mGluR2正向異位調節劑之結合不在鄰 位位點發生,而在位於受體之7個跨膜區内之異位位點發 生。 動物資料表明mGluR2之正向異位調節劑在焦慮症及精 神病模型中起類似於彼等以鄰位促效劑獲得之作用。據展 f" \ 1 示mGluR2之異位調節劑在恐懼強化型驚跳及在焦慮之應 激性體溫升高模型中具有活性。此外,該等化合物經展示 在氯胺酮或安非他命(amphetamine)誘發之移動加快的逆轉 中有活性,及在精神分裂症之聽覺驚跳效應模型中安非他 命誘發之前脈衝抑制之中斷的逆轉中有活性(J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2006, 318, 173-185 ; Psychopharmacology 2005, 179, 271-283) ° 最近,動物研究進一步揭示代謝型麩胺酸受體亞型2之 選擇性正向異位調節劑聯苯-茚酮(BINA)阻斷精神病之迷 幻藥物模型,其支持靶向mGluR2受體用於治療精神分裂 症中麩胺酸功能障礙的策略(Mol. Pharmacol. 2007,72, 477-484) ° 正向異位調節劑能夠增強麩胺酸鹽反應,但其亦展示增 強對鄰位mGluR2促效劑(諸如,LY379268或DCG-IV)之反 應。此等資料提供治療上述涉及mGluR2之神經及精神疾 病之另一新穎治療方法的證據,其將使用mGluR2之正向 134479.doc 200922566 異位調節劑與mGluR2之鄰位促效劑的組合。 本發明化合物優於EP申請案第〇7103654號中所述之化合 物,因為其展示較高活體外效能及改良之活體内藥物動力 學’尤其增加之大腦含量。 【發明内容】 本發明係關於具有代謝型麩胺酸受體2調節劑活性之化 合物,該等化合物具有式(I): 〇
(I) 及其立體化學異構形式,其中 R1為Cw烷基;或經c3_7環烷基、苯基或經鹵基、三氟曱基 或二乱曱氧基取代之苯基所取代之C 1 - 3烧基; R2為鹵基、三氟曱基、Cu烷基或環丙基; R3為氫或鹵基 X為 〇、S、so、so2或 cf2 ;且
Ar為未經取代之苯基、未經取代之吡啶基、或經一或兩個 選自由以下基團組成之群的取代基取代的苯基或吡啶基: 鹵基、Cw烧基、Cw烷氧基、三氟曱基、羥基Cl 3烷基及 (CH2)n-C〇2H ’其中n=〇、1或2;及其醫藥學上可接受之鹽 及溶劑合物,其限制條件為當R3為2ι_氟時,則Ar*為經一 或兩個C!_3烧基取代基取代之3_D比咬基。 在一實施例中’本發明係關於式⑴化合物或其立體化學 134479.doc -10- 200922566 異構形式,其中 R1為1-丁基、2 -甲基-1-丙基、3 -甲基-1-丁基、(環丙基)甲 基或2-(環丙基)-1_乙基, R2為氣或三氟甲基; R3為氫、氣或氟; X為Ο ;且
Ar為經至少一個甲基取代之吼啶基,或經COOH或羥基Ci 烷基取代之苯基;或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽或溶劑合物。 在一實施例中,本發明係關於式(I)化合物或其立體化學 異構形式,其中 R1為1-丁基、3-甲基-1-丁基、(環丙基)甲基或2-(環丙基)· 1-乙基; R為氣; R3為氣或氟; X為〇 ;且
Ar為2-曱基0比咬-4-基、2-曱基σ比0定-3 -基或2,6-二曱基°比 啶-4-基, 或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽或溶劑合物。 在一實施例中’本發明係關於式(I)化合物或其立體化學 異構形式,其中
Rl為1-丁基、3-甲基_1_丁基、(環丙基)曱基或2_(環丙基)· 1-乙基; R2為氣; R為3'-氣或3'-1 ; 134479.doc 200922566 x為ο ;且
Ar為2-曱基吡啶-4-基、2-曱基吡啶-3-基或2,6-二甲基吡 啶-4-基, 或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽或溶劑合物。 作為基團或基團之一部分的標記法Cw烷基定義具有1至 3個碳原子之飽和直鏈或支鏈烴基,諸如甲基、乙基、s 丙基及1-曱基乙基。 作為基團或基團之一部分的標記法Cw烷基定義具有1至 6個碳原子之飽和直鏈或支鏈烴基,諸如甲基、乙基、^ 丙基、1-甲基乙基、1-丁基、2-甲基-1-丙基、3-曱基-1-丁 基、1-戊基、1-己基及其類似物。 標記法C3_7環烧基定義具有3至7個碳原子之飽和環狀烴 基,諸如環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基及環庚基。 作為基團或基團之一部分的標記法鹵基或_素為氟、 氣、溴、峨之總稱。 對於治療用途而言,式(I)化合物之鹽為彼等其中平衡離 子為醫藥學上可接受者。然而,非醫藥學上可接受之酸及 驗之鹽亦可(例如)用於製備或純化醫藥學上可接受之化合 物。不管是否為醫藥學上可接受的,所有鹽均包括於本發 明之範圍内。 醫藥學上可接受之鹽經定義為包含式(I)化合物能夠形成 之治療活性無毒酸加成鹽形式。該等鹽可藉由以適當酸 (例如,無機酸’例如尤其鹽酸、氫溴酸之氫齒酸;硫 酸;硝酸及磷酸;有機酸,例如乙酸、羥基乙酸、丙酸、 134479.doc 12 200922566 乳酸、丙綱酸、草酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、順丁稀二酸、反 丁烯二酸、翁果酸、酒石酸、檸檬酸、甲貌績酸、乙烧於 酸、苯磺酸、對曱苯磺酸、環拉酸 尹、 尺楊酸、對胺基水楊 酸及雙羥酸)處理式⑴化合物之鹼形式來獲得。 相反地,該等鹽形式可藉由以適當驗處理什而轉化為游離 驗形式。 含有酸性部分之式(I)化合物亦可Μ 地U 口物亦了精由以適當有機驗及無 機驗處理而轉化為其治療活性無毒驗鹽形式。適當驗睡形 式包含(例如)銨鹽、驗金屬及鹼土金屬鹽,尤其链'納' 卸、鎮及約鹽;有機驗之鹽1如节星青黴素 (be—)嗜甲基-D-還原葡糖胺、經胺鹽及胺基酸之 鹽,例如精胺酸及離胺酸之鹽。 相反地’該等鹽形式可藉由以適當酸處理而轉化為游離 酸形式。 術語溶劑合物包含式⑴化合物能夠形成之溶劑加成形式 以及其鹽形式。該溶劑加成形式之實例為(例如)水合物、 醇化物及其類似物。 上文所用之術語”立體化學異構形式”定義式⑴化合物可 具有之所有可能異構形式。除非另外提及或說明,化合物 之化學命名表示所有可能的立體化學異構形式之混合物, =合物含有基本分子結構之所有非對映異構體及對映 舞本發明亦涵蓋式⑴化合物及其鹽及溶劑合物之個 別異構形式之每一者,其大體 之結合低於·。,較佳即與其他異構體 权佳低於5/。,尤其低於2%且最佳低於 134479.doc •13· 200922566 1%。因此,當式(i)化合物指定為(例如)(R),此意謂化合 物大體上不含(S)異構體。立體中心可具有1或1構型;二 價環狀(部分)飽和基團上之取代可具有順式或反式構型。 根據CAS命名慣例,當化合物中存在兩個已知絕對構型 之立體中心時,向最低編號之對掌中心、參照中心指定及 或夕描述符(基於Cahn-Ingold-Prelog順序規則)。第二立體 中心之構型使用相對描述符[及”或表示,其中 R*總是指定為參照中心且[及*,及*]表示具有相同對掌性之 中心,且表示不同對掌性之中心。舉例而言,若化 合物中最低編號之對掌中心具有s構型,且第二中心為及, 則立體描述符將指定為。若使用"α"及"卜則具
在本申請案之構架中, 憂先取代基之 I”位置。環系 最優先取代基的位置(式⑴化 照原子上最優先取代基之位 面同側則命名為"α",或若在 尤其當相對於式(I)化合物提及之
係選自3Η、11〇及181?之群。 134479.doc 14 200922566 製備 本發明化合物一般 ^ „ 藉由各自為熟習此項技術者已知之 一連串步驟製備。詳古 ° < ’化合物可根據以下合成方法製 備。 式(I)化合物可以對映 τ映異構體之外消旋混合物形式合成, 其可根據此項技術φ ρ Α 已知之拆分程序彼此分離。式(I)之外
消方疋化合物可藉由盘人搞料♦ L 一 σ適對掌性酸反應轉化為相應非對映
異構鹽形式。該蓉韭机A 隹對映異構鹽形式隨後藉由(例如)選擇 性或分步結晶來分離且對映異構體藉由鹼自其釋放。分離 式(I)化合物之對映異構形式的替代方式涉及使用對掌性固 疋相之液相層析法。§亥純立體化學異構形式亦可由適當起 始材料之相應純立體化學異構形式產生,其限制條件為反 應立體特異性發生。 A·最终化合物之製備 實驗程序1 式(I)化合物可藉由使式(„)中間物與式(111)化合物根據 反應流程(1)反應來製備,此為在合適反應惰性溶劑(諸 如’ M-二噁烷或惰性溶劑之混合物(諸如,1 5 —恶現/ DMF))中在合適鹼(諸如,NaHC〇^Na2C〇3水溶液)、以錯 合物催化劑(諸如,肆(三苯膦)鈀(0))存在下在習知加熱條 件或在微波照射條件下加熱歷時使反應完成之合適時門 (通常在150°C下在微波照射下將反應混合物加熱丨〇分梦)進 行之反應。在反應流程(1)中,所有變數如式⑴由 、…甲所定義 且Y為適於Pd介導之與_酸或g朋酸酯偶合之基團(諸如 ^ 134479.doc • 15- 200922566 素或三氟甲磺酸鹽)且R4及R5可為氫或烷基,或可一起形 成(例如)式-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH2-或-C(CH3)2C(CH3)2-之 二價基團。該等中間物(π)及(III)可根據反應流程⑺至 (15)來製備。最終化合物中存在之不同官能基向式(〗)之其 他官能基之轉換可藉由熟習此項技術者熟知的合成方法進 行。 反應流程1
0
(II)
B.中間物之製備 實驗程序2
式(II-a)中間物(其中Y表示鹵素(鹵基))可藉由使式(iv)中 間物與合適i化劑(諸如,氧溴化磷)反應來製備,此為在 合適反應惰性溶劑(諸如,DMF)中在適度高溫下(諸如, 110 c)下進行之反應。在反應流程中,所有變數如式⑴ 中所定義。
(IV) 反應流程2 一 R1
實驗程序3 式(ΙΙ-b)中間物(其中γ表示三氟甲磺酸鹽)可藉由使式 134479.doc -16- 200922566 (ιν)中間物與三氟曱磺酸酐(亦稱為三氟甲烧磺酸k)反應 來製備,此為在合適反應惰性溶劑(諸如,二氯甲烷)中在 鹼(諸如’吡啶)存在下在低溫(諸如,_78。〇下進行之反 應。在反應流程(3)中’所有變數如式⑴中所定義。 反應流程3
〇 R2
(IV)
HO
實驗程序4
式(IV-a)中間物(其中R2表示鹵素)可藉由使式中間物 與基丁二醯亞胺試劑(諸如氣丁二醯亞胺、溴丁 二酿亞胺或7V-碘丁二醯亞胺)根據反應流程(4)反應來製 備°此反應係在合適反應惰性及非質子性溶劑(諸如,二 氣甲烧或1,2-二氣乙烷)中進行,將反應混合物在合適溫度 (通常室溫)下攪拌歷時完成反應所要時間。在反應流程(4) 中’變數R1如式(I)中所定義。 反應流程4
HO
N-鹵基丁二醯亞胺 (V)
.R1 (IV-a) 實驗程序5 式(iv-b)中間物(其中R2表示三氟甲基、Ci·3烷基或環丙 基)可藉由使式(VI)中間物在合適反應惰性溶劑(諸如,乙 醇)中在催化劑(諸如,活性炭上1〇%把)存在下水解歷時確 134479.doc 200922566 保完成反應之時間(通常在室溫個氫氣大氣壓下歷時2 小時)來製備。在反應流程(5)中,變數Ri如式⑴中所定 義。 反應流程5 〇
(VI) “氫化反應”
,R1 (IV-b) R2 = CF3, Cm烷基或環丙基 實驗程序6 式(V)中間物可藉由使式(VII)中間物在合適反應惰性溶 劑(諸如,乙醇)中在催化劑(諸如,活性炭上1〇%鈀)存在下 氫解歷時確保完成反應之時間(通常在室溫及1個氫氣大氣 壓下歷時2小時)來製備。在反應流程(6)中,變數R1如式(I) 中所定義。 反應流程6
實驗程序7 式(VII)中間物可藉由此項技術中之已知程序藉由使市售 4-苯甲氧基-///-吡啶-2_酮[CAS: 53937-02-3]與市售式 (viii)烷基化劑(其中,z為離去基)使用鹼(諸如,K2C〇3) 及視情況之破鹽(諸如,ΚΙ)在惰性溶劑(諸如,乙腈或 DMF)中在適度高溫(諸如,80-120。〇下反應歷時使反應完 134479.doc -18 - 200922566 成之合適時間(例如’ 16小時)來製備。在反應流程⑺中 變數Rl如式⑴中所定義且z為離去基(諸如,函素)。 反應流程7
(VII) 實驗程序8
式d)中間物(其中R2為鹵素)可藉由使式(νιι)中間物 與市售iv·自基丁二醯亞胺(諸如,I氣_(ncs)、…溴_ (NBS)或沁碘丁二醯亞胺(NIS))在合適反應惰性溶劑(諸 DMF、一氯曱烷或乙酸)中通常在室溫下反應1至24小 時來製備。在反應流程(8)中,變數R1如式⑴中所定義。 反應流程8
L
NCS, NBS 或 NIS (VII)
(Vl-a) 實驗程序9 式(VI-b)中間物(其中r2表示CF3)可藉由使式(vi_a)中間 物(其中鹵素表示琪)與市售2,2-二氟-2-(氟確醯基)乙酸甲 酯在合適反應惰性溶劑(諸如,DMF)中在合適銅鹽(諸如, 碟化亞銅(I))存在下加熱歷時使反應完成之合適時間(例 如,在100。(:下歷時5小時)進行反應來製備。在反應流程 (9)中,變數Ri如式⑴中所定義。 134479.doc • 19- 200922566 反應流程9
(Vl-a) (V'-b) 實驗程序10 式(VI-C)中間物(其中…為Cl_3烷基或環丙基)可藉由使式 (VI-a)中間物與烷基-或環丙基_蝴酸衍生物(諸如,= 丙基蝴酸或甲基蝴酸)在合適反應惰性溶劑(諸如,丨 噁烷)中在合適鈀催化劑_錯合物(諸如,[丨’丨,-雙(二苯膦) 一茂鐵]-二氣鈀(II)_DCM錯合物)存在下且在合適鹼(諸 如,NaHCOO存在下在微波照射下加熱歷時使反應完成之 合適時間(例如在l75t:下歷時2〇分鐘)進行反應來製備。在 反應流程(10)中,變數R1如式⑴中所定義。 反應流程10
(VI*c):R2 = C1.3烷基或環丙基 實驗程序11 式(III)中間物可藉由此項技術中之已知程序藉由使式 (IX)中間物與合適硼源(諸如,雙(頻哪醇根基)二硼)在鈀催 化劑(諸如,二氯化1,1,_雙(二苯膦)二茂鐵鈀(11)存在下在 惰性溶劑(諸如,二氯曱烷)中在合適鹽(諸如,乙酸鉀)存 在下在適度高溫(諸如,110°C)下反應(例如)16小時來製 134479.doc 200922566 此外,式(III)中間物可藉由金屬-鹵素交換技術中之已知 程序且隨後與來自式(IX)中間物之適當硼源反應來製備。 因此,例如,使式(IX)中間物與有機鋰化合物(諸如,正丁 基鋰)在適度低溫(諸如,_40。0 )下在惰性溶劑(諸如,THF) 中反應,隨後與適當硼源(諸如,三曱氧基硼烷)反應。 在反應流程(11)中’所有變數如式⑴中所定義且r4及r5 可為氫或烧基,或可一起形成(例如)式_ch2ch2-、 -CH2CH2CH2-或-C(CH3)2C(CH3)2_ 之二價基團。 反應流程11
實驗程序12 式(IX)中間物可藉由此項技術中之已知程序藉由使齒化 之式(X)中間物與合適式(XI)中間物(諸如,2,3_二甲基·4_ 硝基-°比°定-1-氧化物)在合適驗(諸如,氫化納)存在下在惰 性溶劑(諸如’二甲基甲醯胺)中在適度高溫(諸如,l8〇t:) 下在經典加熱或微波照射加熱下反應歷時確保完成反應之 合適時間來製備。在反應流程(12)中’所有變數如式⑴中 所定義’鹵素可為氣、溴或碘且W為合適離去基(諸如,幽 素或硝基)。 反應流程12 134479.doc 21 200922566 R3 i基 驗/加熱 + 、W * (X) (XI) 實驗程序13 R3 a、jCt 錄 x (IX) 此外’式(IX)中間物可藉由此項技術中之已知程序自式 (ΧΠ)苯胺類中間物經由桑德邁爾型反應(Sandmeyer type reaction)來製備。在反應流程(13)中,所有變數如式⑴中 所定義且鹵素可為氣、溴或碘。 反應流程13 R3 桑德邁爾型反應 (XII) 實驗程序14 R3 , ^ (IX) 式(XII)中間物可藉由此項技術中已知之程序自式(Xm) 中間物藉由此項技術中之已知程序(諸如,催化氫化或使 用氣化錫(II)二水合物作為還原劑)將硝基還原為胺基官能 基來製備。在反應流程(14)中,所有變數如式⑴中所定 義。 反應流程14 R3 、iy。2 —^__. (XIII) 實驗程序15 slT2 (XII) 式(XIII)中間物可藉由此項技術中已知之程序藉由使式 (XIV)中間物與式(XV)之合適中間物在合適鹼(諸如,碳酸 134479.doc -22· 200922566 熱且 在惰性溶劑(諸如,四氫呋喃)中在適當溫度下加 ’、、、且在慣用加熱條件或微波照射下歷時使反應完成之合適 時間進订反應來製備。在反應流程(15)中’所有變數如十 ⑴中所定義。 雙數如式 反應流程15 |y。2 +' 驗/加熱 ΧΗ (XIV) (XV) 灰 Ar'JJT (XIII) 式(VHI)、(Χ)、(ΧΙ)、(χιν)及(χν)之起始材料為市售 r 或可根據任何熟習此項技術者熟知的習知反應程序所製備 的中間物。 藥理學 本發明所提供之化合物為代謝型麩胺酸受體之正向異位 調希劑’詳言之’其為mGluR2之正向異位調節劑。本發 明化合物似乎不與麩胺酸鹽辨識位點、鄰位配位體位點結 合’而與受體之7個跨膜區内的異位位點結合。在麩胺酸 鹽或mGluR2促效劑存在下,本發明化合物增加mGluR2反 應。預期本發明所提供之化合物藉助於其增加該等受體對 麵胺酸鹽或mGluR2促效劑之反應的能力而對mGiUR2具有 效應’從而增強受體之反應。因此,本發明係關於用作藥 品之本發明化合物,以及本發明化合物或本發明醫藥組合 物之用途,其係用於製造用以治療或預防,尤其治療哺乳 動物(包括人類)之病況的藥物,該治療或預防係受到 mGluR2之異位調節劑,尤其其正向異位調節劑之神經調 134479.doc •23- 200922566 即作用的影響或促進。本發明亦係關於本發明化合物或本 毛月醫藥組口物’其係用於製造用以治療或預防(尤其治 療)哺乳動物(包括人類)之病況的藥物,該治療或預防係受 到mGlUR2之異位調節劑’尤其其正向異位調節劑之神經 調節作用的影響或促進。本發明亦係⑽本發明化合物或 本發明醫藥組合物’其制於治療或預 動物⑽人類)之病況,該治療或預防係受到_ = 位調節丨,尤其其j£向異位調節劑之神經調節作用的影響 或促進。 本發明亦係關於本發明化合物或本發明醫藥組合物之用 途,其係用於製造用以治療、預防、改善、控制或減輕哺 乳動物(包括人類)之與麵胺酸鹽功能障礙有關的各種神經 及精神病症風險的藥物,該治療或預防係受到m(HuR2正 向異位調節劑之神經調節作用的影響或促進。 當本發明據稱係關於本發明化合物或組合物用於製造用 以(例如)治療哺乳動物之藥物的料時,應理解該用途在 禁些權限内欲解釋為(例如)治療哺乳動物之方法,其包括 向需要(例如)該治療之哺乳動物投與有效量之本發明化合 物或組合物。 —π 竹铿及精砰病症包 括以下病況或疾病中之一志客本•久u、丄 T 次夕者·急性神經及精神病症, 諸如心臟旁路手術及移植後之大腦缺陷、中風、大腦缺 血、脊髓損傷、頭部外傷、圍產期缺氧 ' 心跳驟停、低血 糖神經元損傷、癡呆(包括AIDS誘發之療呆)、阿兹海默氏 134479.doc •24· 200922566 症(A1Zheimer,s disease)、亨廷頓氏舞蹈病(H刪ingt〇n,s Chorea)、肌肉萎縮性側索硬化、眼部㈣、視網膜病、 認知障礙、特發性及藥物誘發之帕 金森氏症(Parkinson's disease)、肌肉痙攣及與肌肉強直有關之病症(包括震顫、 癲癇症、抽搐)、偏頭痛(包括,偏頭痛性頭痛)、尿失移、 物質耐受、物質戒斷(包括諸如鸦片冑、尼古丁、煙:產 品、酒精、苯并二氮呼、古柯鹼、鎮靜劑、安眠藥等之物 質)、精神病、精神分裂症、焦慮(包括-般焦慮症、恐慌 症及強迫症)、心境障礙(包括抑鬱、躁症、雙極症卜三又 神經痛、聽力損失、耳鳴、眼睛黃斑變性"區吐、腦水 腫、疼痛(包括急性及慢性狀態、劇痛、難治癒性疼痛、 神經痛及外傷後疼痛)、遲發性運動障礙、睡眠失調(包括 睡眠發作)、注意力缺陷/過動症及行為障礙。 詳言之,該病況或疾病為選自焦慮症、精神病症、人格 障礙、物質關聯性病症、飲食障礙、心境障礙、偏頭痛、 瘤痛症或抽擅症、兒童病症、認知障礙、神經退化、神經 毒性及局部缺血之群的中枢神經系統病症。 較佳地,中樞神經系統病症為選自廣場恐怖症、普遍焦 慮症(GAD)、5金迫症(0CD)、恐'1症、創傷後應激障Z (PTSD)、社交恐懼症及其他恐懼症之群的焦慮症。 較佳地,中樞神經系統病症為選自精神分裂症、妄想 症、分裂情感性精神障礙、類精神分裂症精神障礙及物; 誘發之精神病症之群的精神病症。 較佳地,中枢神經系統病症為選自強迫性人格障礙及精 134479.doc -25- 200922566 神分裂症、分裂型障礙之群的人袼障礙。 ㈣地,中柩神經系統病症為選自,酒 精戒斷、酒精戒斷性擔妄、酒精誘發之精神病症、安非他 命上瘾、安非他命戒斷、古柯驗上痛、古柯驗戒斷、尼古 丁上瘾、尼古丁戒斷、類鴆片上癩及類鴆片戒斷之群的物 質關聯性病症。 較佳地,中枢神經系統病症為選自神經性厭食症及神唆 性貪食症之群的飲食障礙。
較佳地,中樞神經系統病症為選自雙極症σ及π)、循環 情感性精神障礙、抑營、低落性情感疾患、重性抑營症及 物質誘發之心境障礙之群的心境障礙。 較佳地,中樞神經系統病症為偏頭痛。 較佳地,中樞神經系統病症為選自全身性非驚厥性瘤 癇、全身性驚厥性癲癇、複合性部分性癲癇狀態、痛痛小 發作狀態、伴隨或不伴隨意識缺損之部分性癲癇、嬰兒癌 攣症、部分性癲癇持續狀態及其他形式之癲癇之群的癲癇 症或抽搐症。 較佳地,中樞神經系統病症為注意力缺陷/過動症。 較佳地,中;te神㈣統病症為選自譫妄、物質誘發之持 續譫妄、癡呆、mv疾病引起之癡呆、亨廷頓氏症引發之 癡呆、帕金森氏症引發之癡呆、阿茲海默氏型癡呆、物質 誘發之持續性癡呆及輕度認知缺損之群的認知障礙。 在上文提及之病症中’焦慮、精神分裂症、偏頭痛、抑 鬱及癲癇症之治療尤其重要。 134479.doc -26- 200922566 目前,Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) of the American Psychiatric Association之第4版提供用於識別本文所述之病症的診斷 工具。熟習此項技術者將認識存在本文所述之神經及精神 病症的替代命名、疾病分類及分類系統,且此等系統隨著 醫學及科學之進程而進展。 因為該等mGluR2之正向異位調節劑(包括式⑴化合物)增 強mGluR2對麩胺酸鹽之反應,所以本發明方法利用内源 性麵胺酸鹽為有利的^ 因為mGluR2之正向異位調節劑(包括式⑴化合物)增強 mGluR2對促效劑之反應,所以應瞭解本發明擴展至治療 與麵胺酸鹽功能障礙有關之神經及精神病症,其係藉由投 與有效量之mGluR2的正向異位調節劑(包括式⑴化合物)以 及mGluR2促效劑進行。 本發明化合物可與一或多種其他藥物組合用於治療、預 防、控制、改善或減輕式⑴化合物或其他藥物可具有效用 =疾病或病況的風險,其中藥物在一起之組合比任何單獨 藥物安全或有效。 醫藥組合物 本發明亦係關於醫藥組合物,其包含醫藥學上可接受之 栽劑或稀釋劑及作為活性成份的治療有效量之本發明化人 物’尤其式(I)化合物,其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、其溶劑合 物或其立體化學異構形式。 ° 本發明化合物(尤其式⑴化合物)、其醫藥學上可接受之 134479.doc 27· 200922566 鹽、其溶劑合物及立體化學異構形式,或其任何子群或組 合可經調配為各種用於投與目的之醫藥形式。可引用 用於全身投與藥物之所有組合物作為適當組合物。 為製備本發明之醫藥組合物,作為活性成份的視情況為 =式之有效量之特定化合物與醫藥學上可接受載劑或稀 釋劑後切摻雜組合,該載劑或稀釋劑可視投與所需之製劑 形式採取多種形式。適於(尤其)經口、經直腸、經皮、非 經腸注射或藉由吸人将金# s , 杈與之皁一劑型的此等醫藥組合物為 合需要的。舉例而古,太制1 平而。在製備經口劑型之組合物時,可换 用…般醫樂媒劑中之任一者,在經口液體製劑(諸如,懸 洋液、糖激、驰劑、乳液及溶液)狀況下,諸如水、乙: 二、油類、醇類及其類似物;或在散劑、丸劑、膠 劑狀況下,為固體載劑,諸如殿粉、糖、高嶺土、稀釋 劑、潤滑劑、黏合劑、崩解劑及其類似物。因為易於投 與:以經口投與為較佳的,且錠劑及膠囊呈現最有利之 經口早位劑型,在此狀況下明顯採用固體醫藥載劑。對於 非經腸組合物而言’儘管為幫助溶解可包括其他成份,但 載劑叙將包含至少大部分的無菌水。舉例而言 =:液’其中載劑包含生理食鹽水溶液,葡萄糖溶液 鹽水與葡萄糖溶液的混合物。亦可製備可注射懸 :文該狀況下可採用適當液體載劑、懸浮劑及其類似 液體开固體形式製劑’意欲將其在即將使用前轉化為 勺Α ^ '劑。在適於經皮投與之組合物中,载劑視情況 透增強劑及/或合適濕潤劑,其視情況與微量比例 134479.doc -28· 200922566 的任何種類之合適添加劑組合,如 _ 該荨添加劑不對皮膚誘發 可等添加劑可有助於對皮膚之投藥且/或 幫助製備所要組合物。此等組合物可以多種方式投盘, 例如作為經皮貼片、點劑(spot_on)、軟膏。 /、 將前述f藥組合物調配為單位劑型^於投與及劑量均 Θ性尤其有Μ。如本文所用之單位劑型係指適用作單一劑 物理離放單位’各單位含有與所要醫藥载劑缔合之經 叶异以產生所要治療作用的預定量之活性成份。該等單位 劑型之實例為鍵劑(包括截痕鍵劑或包衣錠劑)、膠囊、丸 劑散劑封包、糯米紙囊劑、检劑、可注射溶液或懸浮液 及其類似物,及其隔離多倍型。 如彼等熟習此項技術者所熟知,投與之確切劑量及頻率 視所用特定式⑴化合物、所治療之特定病況、所治療病況 之嚴重性、特定患者之年齡、體重、性別、病症程度及-般身體狀況以及個體可服用之其他藥物而定。此外,該有 效每曰量顯然可視所治療個體之反應及/或視開出本發明 化合物之醫師的評估而減少或增加。 1視投藥模式而定,醫藥組合物將包含〇〇5至99重量%, 較佳0.1至7〇重量% ’更佳0,1至5〇重量%活性成份,及!至 外.95重量%,較佳3〇至99 9重量%,更佳5〇至999重量%醫 樂學上可接受之载劑,所有百分比係以組合物之總重量 計。 如已提及,本發明亦係關於包含本發明之化合物及一或 多種其他藥物的醫藥組合物,其係用於治療、預防、控 134479.doc -29· 200922566 制、改善或減輕式(i)化合物或其他藥物可具有效用之疾病 或病況的風險,且係關於該組合物用於製造藥物的用途。 本發明亦係關於本發明化合物與mG丨uR2鄰位促效劑之組 合。本發明亦係關於用作藥品之該組合。本發明亦係關於 包含⑷本發明之化合物,其醫藥學上可接受之鹽或其溶劑 合物,及(b)mGluR2鄰位促效劑之產〇口〇,其係以組合製劑 形式同時、單獨或相繼用於治療或預防哺乳動物(包括人 類)之病況,其治療或預防受到mGluR2異位調節劑,尤其 正向mGluR2異位調節劑之神經調節作用的影響或促進了 省組合物或產品之不同藥物可在單一製劑中與醫藥學上可 接受之載劑或稀釋劑組合,或其各自可與醫藥學上可接受 之載劑或稀釋劑一起以分開製劑形式存在。 【實施方式】 以下實例意欲說明(但不限制)本發明之範疇。 化學 以下實例中說明用於製備本發明化合物之若干方法。除 非另外。主明’否則所有起始材料係購自供應商且無需進一 步純化即使用。 下文中,"THF”意謂四氣咬喃;"DMF,_意謂二甲基 曱醯胺,EtOAe”意謂乙酸乙§旨;"DCM"意謂二氣甲院; DME意謂ls2•二曱氧基乙烷;”dce"意謂以·二氣乙烷; 1删”意謂二異丙醚;"DMs〇”意謂二甲亞礙;"则 思明[1,1 _聯萘]-2,2'-二基雙[二苯膦];nDBun意謂-二 氣-7-雙環[5.4.0]十—烯mm 134479.doc 200922566 在單模式反應器:InitiatorTM Sixty EXP微波反應器 (Biotage AB),或多模式反應器:MicroSYNTH Labstation (Milestone, Inc.)中進行微波輔助反應。 說明1 4-苯甲氧基-1-環丙基甲基-2好比啶-2-酮(D1)
向4-苯曱氧基- 比σ定-2-酮(5.0 g,24.84 mmol)於乙腈 (200 ml)中之溶液中添加溴甲基-環丙烷(3.68 g,27.33 mmol)及碳酸鉀(10.3 g,74.52 mmol),且將混合物在回流 溫度下加熱16小時。將反應混合物經矽藻土過濾且真空濃 縮。接著將粗殘餘物用乙醚濕磨以產生呈白色固體之純 Dl(6.32 g,98%) ° 說明2 1-環丙基甲基-4-羥基djy-吡啶-2-酮(D2)
在氫氣氣氛下將中間物Dl(2.0 g,7.83 mmol)與催化量 之10°/。鈀/活性炭在乙醇(300 ml)中之混合物攪拌2小時。將 混合物經矽藻土過濾且將溶劑真空蒸發以產生中間物D2 (1.3 g,100%),其未經進一步純化即使用。 134479.doc -31 · 200922566 說明3 1-丁基-3-氣_4_羥基_/丑_咕咬_2_輞(D3)
將#-氣丁二酿亞胺(1.6 g’ 11.96 mmol)添加至1-丁基-4-羥基-比啶-2-酮(2.0 g’ 11.96 mmol)(如針對描述D2中 所述來製備)於DMF(30 ml)中之溶液中。將反應物在室溫 下授拌隔夜且接著將其真空濃縮。將粗產物藉由管柱層析 法(石夕勝;0-5%甲醇/DCM作為溶離劑)純化產生中間物 D3(2.0 g,83%)。 說明4 二氟甲院續睃1_ 丁基_3·氣-2-側氧基·1,2-二氫》比咬·4-基酯 (D4)
向中間物D3(2.0 g,9.92 mmol)於DCM(80 ml)中之冷卻 (-78 C )溶液中添加。比咬(1 6〇 ml ’ 19.8 mmol)。將所得溶液 攪拌10分鐘。添加三氟甲烷磺酸酐(19〇 m卜10.9 , 且將所得溶液在-78°C下攪拌3小時。接著’將混合物溫至 室溫且藉由添加氣化銨飽和水溶液使其驟冷,將其以水稀 釋且以DCM萃取,乾燥(NasSCU)且將溶劑真空蒸發,產生 134479.doc •32· 200922566 作為粗產物之中間物04(3.31 g,1GG%),其未經進— 化即可使用。 八毛 說明5 -吡啶- ==酸…環丙基甲基_2_側氧一氣
根據用於合成中間物D4之相同程序,但使用中間物3 氣-1-環丙基甲基_4_羥基_7丑_吡啶_2_酮作為起始材料製備 中間物D5。 說明6 4-苯甲氧基-1-環丙基甲基_3_碘_/丑_吡啶_2_酮(D6)
向中間物Dl(3.0 g,11.74 mmol)於乙酸(40 ml)中之溶液 中添加JV-碘丁二醯亞胺(2 64 g,i i 74 mmol)。將反應混合 物在室溫下攪拌丨小時,隨後將其真空濃縮。將殘餘物藉 由管柱層析法(矽膠;DCM作為溶離劑)純化且最終自乙醚 再結晶以產生呈固體之中間物D6(4.12 g,92%)。 說明7 4_苯甲氧基-1-環丙基甲基_3_三氟甲基孖-吡啶-2-酮(D7) 134479.doc -33· 200922566
r 將2,2-二氟-2-(氟磺醯基)乙酸甲酯(0.67 ml,5.24 mmQl) 及中間物D6( 1 ·0 g ’ 2·63 mmol)添加至破化亞鋼(1)(〇 99 g ’ 5,24 mmol)於DMF(30 ml)中之溶液中。接著將混合物 在l〇〇°C下加熱5小時’隨後將其經矽藻土過濾且將據液真 空濃縮。將殘餘物藉由管柱層析法(矽膠;DCM作為溶離 劑)純化以產生中間物D7(0.76 g,89%)。 說明8 1-環丙基甲基-4-羥基-3-三氟甲基·/丑-吡啶-2-酮(D8)
在氫氣氣氛下將中間物D7(2_0 g,6.19 mmol)、催化量 之10%鈀/活性炭及乙醇(6〇 ml)之混合物攪拌2小時。將混 合物經矽藻土過濾且將溶劑真空蒸發以產生粗中間物 D8(1.45 g ’ 100%) ’其未經進一步純化即使用。 說明9 4-溴-1-環丙基甲基-3-三氟甲基_7丑-批啶-2-酮(D9)
134479.doc •34· 200922566 向中間物D8(2.60 g ’ 11·1 mm〇l)於DMF(50 ml)中之溶液 中添加氧溴化磷(7.03 g,24.5 mmol)且將混合物在ii〇°C下 加熱1小時。在冰浴中冷卻後’使溶液在水與EtOAc之間分 溶。在以EtOAc萃取3次後,將經合併之有機溶離份乾燥 (Na2S04)且將溶劑真空蒸發。將粗產物藉由管柱層析法(矽 膠;DCM作為溶離劑)純化。收集所要溶離份且真空蒸發 以產生中間物D9(1.38 g,42%)。 說明10 4-(4-溴-苯氧基)·2-甲基-吼啶(D10)
將4-溴苯盼(1 .〇 g,5.78 mmol)添加至氫化納(〇.3 g, 7·51 mmol)於iV-曱基η比略咬酮(1〇 mi)中之溶液中。授拌1〇 分鐘後’添加4-氣-2-曱基吡啶(〇·96 g,7.51 mmol)。在 250°C下在微波照射下將反應混合物加熱45分鐘。冷卻至 室溫後,將混合物以乙醚稀釋且以水洗滌。接著將溶液以 額外乙醚萃取,將有機層乾燥(NazSO4)且將溶劑真空蒸 發。將粗產物藉由管柱層析法(矽膠;DCM作為溶離劑)純 化。收集所要溶離份且真空蒸發以產生中間物Di〇(i h g,88%)。 說明11 2_甲基_4·丨4-(4,4,5,s_四甲基_【132】二氧硼味_2基卜苯氧 基】-吼啶(D11) 134479.doc 35· 200922566
將雙(頻哪醇根基)二硼(0.37 g,1·45 mmol)及乙酸鉀 (0·39 g,4.0 mmol)添加至中間物D10(0_35 g,1.33 mmol) . 於二噁烷(4 ml)及DMF( 1 ml)中之溶液中。將混合物脫氣且 接著添加與DCM錯合之[1,1,-雙(二苯膦基)-二茂鐵]_二氣鈀 (II) ; (1:1)(0.032 g,0.04 mmol)。在 150°C下在微波照射下 (將反應混合物加熱10分鐘。冷卻至室溫後,添加水且將混 合物以EtOAc萃取。將有機溶離份乾燥(Na2S〇4)且將溶劑 真空蒸發以產生呈粗產物之所要晒酸鹽Dll(〇.41 g, 100%) ’其未經進一步純化即可使用。 說明12 4·(4-溴-3-氟苯氧基)_2_曱基吡啶1氧化物(D12)
將4-溴-3-氟苯酚(0·5 g,2 61 mm〇i)添加至氫化鈉(〇 115 g,2.90 mmol)KDMF(5 ml)中之溶液中。攪拌1〇分鐘後, 添加4-硝基-2-产咬氧化物(〇37g,241 _〇1)。在18代
134479.doc • 36 - 200922566 醇/DCM作為溶離劑)純化。收集所要溶離份且真空蒸發以 產生中間物D12(0.33 g,49%)。 說明13 4-[3-氟·4·(4,4,5,5-四甲基-[1,3,2】二氧硼咪-2-基)_苯氧基卜 2-曱基-吡啶(D13)
將雙(頻哪醇根基)二蝴(1.34 g,5.31 mmol)及乙酸卸 (0.52 g’ 5.31 mmol)添加至中間物 D12(0.5 g,1_77 mmol) 於二°惡烧(10 ml)及DMF(3 ml)中之溶液中。將混合物脫氣 且接著添加與DCM錯合之[i,r_雙(二苯膦基)_二茂鐵]_二氣 把(II) ; (1:1)(0.06 g ’ 〇_〇7 mmol)。在 150。(:下在微波照射 下將反應混合物加熱1 〇分鐘。冷卻至室溫後,添加水且將 混合物以EtOAc萃取。將有機溶離份乾燥(Na2S〇4)且將溶 劑真空蒸發以產生呈粗產物之所要I明酸鹽Di3(0.58 g, 100%) ’其未經進一步純化即可使用。 說明14 3-(2-氟-4-硝基苯氧基)_2,6_二甲基_0比啶(D14)
將2,6-二甲基-〇比啶_3_醇(3 〇 g,24 35 mm〇l)及碳酸鉋 g (15.87 g ’ 48.71 mmol)添加至 3,4_二氟硝基苯(3.87 134479.doc -37- 200922566 24.35 mmol)於DMF(3〇 ml)中之溶液中。將混合物在14(Γ(: 下加熱2小時。冷卻至室溫後,將其經矽藻土過濾且將溶 劑真空蒸發。將粗產物藉由管柱層析法(矽膠;2%甲醇/ DCM作為溶離劑)純化以產生中間物d14(5.88 g,92%)。 說明15 4_(2,6-二曱基-吡啶_3_基氧基)_3_氟_苯胺(D15)
在氫氣氣氛下,在室溫下將中間物D14(5.88 g,22.44 mmol)及l〇% Pd/C(約〇_5 g,催化)於乙醇(2〇〇 ml)中之混合 物攪拌3小時。將混合物經矽藻土過濾且將溶劑真空蒸發 以產生中間物D15(5.23 g,100%),其未經進一步純化即 使用。 說明16 3-(4-溴-2-氟-苯氧基)-2,6-二甲基-吼啶(D16)
將亞硝酸鈉(4.57 g,66.3 mmol)於水(75 ml)中之溶液逐 滴添加(經45分鐘)至中間物D 15(7.7 g,33.2 mmol)於48〇/〇 HBr水溶液(75 ml)中之冷卻(0°C)溶液中。將反應混合物溫 至室溫且進一步授拌15分鐘,隨後將其再次冷卻至〇°c且 逐份添加溴化銅(1)(7.3 1 g,49.8 mmol)。使混合物達到室 溫,攪拌15分鐘且最終將其在140°C下加熱1.5小時。將反 134479.doc 38· 200922566 應/¾ σ物冷卻至至溫且以碳酸卸飽和水溶液中和。添加 EtOAc,將有機層分離且以鹽水洗滌,乾燥(Nksoj且真 空洛發溶劑。將粗產物藉由管柱層析法(矽膠;〇_丨〇% EtOAc/庚燒作為溶離劑)純化。收集所要溶離份且真空蒸 發以產生呈淺褐色油狀之D16(8.75 g,89%)。 說明17 3-[2-氟-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-[1,3,2】二氧硼味·2-基)苯氧基】_ 2,6-二甲基-吡啶(D17)
將雙(頻哪醇根基)二硼(3.86 g,15.2 mmol)及乙酸鉀 (1.48 g’ 15.2 mmol)添加至中間物D16(1.5 g,5_07 mmol) 於^一 °惡院(9 1111)及DMF(3ml)中之溶液中。將混合物脫氣且 接著添加與DCM錯合之[1,1'-雙(二苯膦基)-二茂鐵]-二氣鈀 (II) ; (1:1)(0.16 g,0_20 mmol)。在 150。(3 下,在微波照射 下將反應混合物加熱1 〇分鐘。冷卻至室溫後,添加水且將 混合物以EtOAc萃取。將有機溶離份乾燥(Na2S〇4)且將溶 劑真空蒸發以產生呈粗產物之所要_酸鹽D17(1.74 g ’ 100%),其未經進一步純化即可使用。 說明18 3-(3-氟-4-硝基苯氧基)_2,6_二甲基-吼啶(D18) 134479.doc -39· 200922566
〇ΧϊΓ 根據上文針對D14所述之相π 1钆您相冋程序,但自2,4-二氟硝基 苯(3.87 g,24.35 mmol)聞私 Β m )開始且使用THF作為溶劑且使反應 混合物回流12小時來劁锯+ 士 w 吁錢備此中間物。藉由管柱層析法純化 後’獲得中間物D18(6.18 g,96。/(〇。 說明19 4-(2,6-二甲基-啦咬_3_基氧基)2氟苯胺(di9)
〇XXF 根據上文針對D15所述之相同程序但使用D18(6.18 g, 23.58 mmol)作為起始材料製備此中間物。此經分離之中間 物1)19(5.47 g,100%)未經進一步純化原樣使用。 說明20 3-(4-溴-3-氟-苯氧基)_2,6-二曱基啶(D2〇)
XC 根據上文針對D16所述之相同程序但使用d19(4 4 g, 18.9 mmol)作為起始材料製備此中間物。分離出呈淺褐色 油狀之中間物D20(4.42 g,79%)。 說明21 3-[3-氟-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-[ny二氧硼味_2_基)苯氧基卜 2,6-二甲基·吡啶(D21) 134479.doc -40- 200922566
根據上文針對D1 7所述之相πy &之相同程序,但使用D20(1.0 g, 3.37 mm〇1)作為起始_,且在i5(n:下加熱4〇分鐘而㈣ 分鐘’獲得此中間物。此經分離之中間物〇21(219 g, 100%)未經進一步純化原樣使用。
說明22 4-(4-溴-2-氟-苯氧基卜2,6_二甲基比啶(D22)
在1 5 0 C (油洛溫度)下將4 -漠-2,6 -二曱基-〇比。定(1 g,5.4 mmol)、4-漠-2-氟-苯酴(0.59 g,5,4 mmol)及碳酸鉀(0.89
g,6.4 mmol)於二曱苯(2 ml)中之混合物在密封管中加熱 48小時。冷卻至室溫後,將混合物以EtOAc稀釋且經;5夕藥 土墊過濾。將濾液蒸發至乾燥且將因此獲得之粗產物藉由 管柱層析法(矽膠;DCM至DCM/至多10% EtOAc作為溶離 劑)純化。收集所要溶離份且真空蒸發以產生中間物D22 (1.28 g,80%)。 說明23 4_[2_氟_4-(4,4,5,5_四甲基-[I,3,2]二氧硼咮-2-基)-苯氧基卜 2,6-二甲基-吡啶(D23) 134479.doc •41 200922566
將雙(頻哪醇根基)二硼(1.286 g,5.06 mmol)及乙酸鉀 (0.994 g,10,13 mmol)添加至中間物 D22(l g,3.37 mmol) 於1,4-二噁烷(10.8 1111)及〇河?(1.2 1111)中之溶液中。將混合 物脫氣且接著添加與DCM錯合之[1,1'_雙(二苯膦基)-二茂 鐵]-二氯鈀(11)(1:1)(0.0827 g,0.101 mmol)。在 150°C 下在 微波照射下將反應混合物加熱10分鐘。冷卻至室溫後,添 加水且將混合物以EtOAc萃取。將有機溶離份乾燥 (Na2S〇4)且將溶劑真空蒸發以產生呈粗產物之所要酬酸鹽 D23( 1 · 1 5 g,1 〇〇%),其未經進一步純化即可使用。 說明24 4-(4-羥基-笨氧基)-苯甲酸甲酯4-(4-羥基·苯氧基)-苯甲酸 甲酯(D24)
在氣氣氣氣下將氣化蝴-甲硫喊複合物[Cas. 353-43-5] (15.64 nU’ 148.67 mmol)逐滴添加至4-(4,_曱氧基苯氧基) 苯甲酸曱醋[CAS: 38342-84-6](1.28 g,4_9 mm〇1)於 dcm (100 ml)中之在冰-水浴中冷卻之經攪拌溶液中。將所得混 合物擾拌5小時。將反應混合物以水洗條且接著以μ萃 134479.doc -42· 200922566
取。將有機層分離且乾燥(Na2S〇4),且將溶劑蒸發至乾 燥。將殘餘物藉由管柱層析法(石夕膠;〇1〇% Et〇Ac/DcM 作為溶離劑)純化。收集所要溶離份且真空蒸發以產生中 間物 D24(0.89 g,74%)。 說明25 4-(4-二氟甲燒磺醯氧基_苯氧基)苯甲酸甲酯(D25)
將三氣甲院續酸野(0.92㈤,5 46 _〇1)逐滴添加至中 間物 D24(〇,89 g,3·64 mm〇l)及三乙胺(1.01 ml,7.29 mm〇1)於DCM(40 ml)中之冷卻(_78t)溶液中。將所得反應 混合物進一步攪拌,使其溫至室溫歷時1小時。將混合物 以水洗滌且將有機層分離且乾燥(Najh)且將溶劑蒸發至 乾燥。將殘餘物藉纟管柱層析法(石夕膠;DCM作為溶離劑) 純化。收集所要溶離份且真空蒸以發產生中間物乃 g > 91%) 〇 說明26 4-[4-(4’4’5’5_四甲基-口’3’2】二氣觸味·2基)苯氧基】·苯甲 酸甲酯(D26)
在氮氣氣氛下,在】5(TC下在微波照射下將中間物d25 134479.doc -43- 200922566 (0.80 g,2.12 mmol)、雙(頻哪醇根基)二硼(1.35 g,5.31 mmol)、乙酸鉀(0.835 g,8·5 mmol)及與 DCM 錯合之 雙(二笨膦基)-二茂鐵]-二氣鈀(11)(1:1)(0.10 g,〇 127 mmol)於脫氧二噁烷(9 ml)及脫氧DMF(1 ml)中之混合物加 熱40分鐘。冷卻至室溫後,將混合物以EtOAc稀釋且經石夕 藻土過據。將遽液以水及鹽水洗務,將有機層乾燥 (NazSO4)且將溶劑蒸發至乾燥,產生作為粗產物之所要酉朋 酸鹽D26(2.49 g ’ 100%) ’其未經進一步純化即使用。 說明27 4-[4_(1-丁基_3-氯-2-側氧基_1,2_二氫-吼咬_4·基)_苯氧基卜 苯甲酸甲酯(D27)
在氮氣氣氛下,在140°C下在微波照射下,將中間物D26 (1·77 g,1.5 mmol)、中間物 D4(〇 5 g,i 5 mm〇l)、肆(三 笨膦)把(0)(〇.17§’〇.15111111〇1)及]^11(:;〇3(68,過量)於脫 氧一心院(6 ml)中之混合物加熱丨〇分鐘。冷卻至室溫後, 將混合物以EtOAe稀釋且經妙蕩土過渡。將濾液以水,接 著以鹽水洗蘇’將有機層乾燥(NazSCU)且將溶劑蒸發至乾 燥將粗殘餘物藉由管柱層析法(矽膠;40% EtOAc/庚烷 作為洛離劑)純化。將所要溶離份收集且真空蒸發,且再 人將殘餘物藉由官柱層析法(石夕膠;2q_3㈣㈣A"庚烧作 為合離;)純化。收集所要溶離份且真空蒸發以產生呈非 134479.doc -44 - 200922566 晶形固體之中間物D27(0.25 g,40%)。 說明28 2-[4-(4-溴·苯氧基)_苯基]-丙_2_醇(D28)
Βγ 在〇C下,在氮氣氣氛下將甲基漠化鎮於(7 %; 10.304 mmol)中之h4 M溶液添加至4,_(4_溴苯氧基)苯乙酮 (1 g ’ 3.435 mmol ; [CAS: 54916-27-7])於THF(40 ml)中之 經攪拌溶液中。將反應混合物攪拌3小時。將反應藉由添 加氣化銨飽和水溶液中止且以Et〇Ac萃取。將經合併之有 機萃取物乾燥(NadOO且將溶劑蒸發至乾燥。將粗殘餘物 藉由管柱層析法(矽膠;DCM作為溶離劑)純化。收集所要 溶離份且真空蒸發以產生中間物D28(〇 8 g,75%)。 說明29 134479.doc 2-{4-【4·(4,4,5,5_四甲基.[H2】二氧领味_2基)苯氧基】苯 基}-丙-2-醇(D21)
根據描述17之程序,將中間物D28(〇 5 g,i 628 在150C下加熱15分鐘。將粗殘餘物藉由管柱層析法(矽 夥’ DCM作為溶離劑)純化。收集所要溶離份且真空蒸發 以產生中間物D29(〇.48 g,。 -45- 200922566 實例1 1-丁基-3-氣-4-丨4-(2-甲基吡啶_4•基氧基)_苯基】_;丑_吡啶_ 2_酮(E1)
在150°C下,在微波照射下將中間物〇4(0.42 g,1.33 mmol)、中間物Dll(0.41 g,i.33 mm〇l)、催化劑肆(三苯 膦)把(0)(0.15@,0.13 111111〇1)及他沉03(3§’過量)於二噁 烧(3 ml)中之混合物加熱丨0分鐘。冷卻至室溫後,將反應 混合物經矽藻土過濾,且將溶劑以更多二噁烷洗滌後真空 蒸發。將粗產物藉由管柱層析法(矽膠;〇_3%甲醇/DCM作 為溶離劑)純化。收集所要溶離份且真空蒸發以產生呈非 晶形固體之化合物El(0.〇4 g,8%)。 實例2 1-丁基-3-氯-4-[2·氟-4-(2-甲基咕啶-4-基氧基)-苯基]-以_ 吡啶-2-酮(E2)
在l5〇°C下’在微波照射下將中間物D4(1.0 g,3 3 mmol)、中間物D13(〇 58 g,L77 mmol)、催化劑肆(三笨 膦)把(0)(0.2 g,0.17 mm〇i)及 NaHC03(6 g,過量)於二 „惡 134479.doc -46· 200922566 烷(6 ml)中之混合物加熱丨〇分鐘。冷卻至室溫後,將反應 混合物經矽藻土過濾,且將溶劑在以更多二噁烷洗滌後真 空蒸發。將粗產物藉由管柱層析法(矽膠;〇_3%甲醇/DCM 作為溶離劑)純化。收集所要溶離份且真空蒸發以產生呈 非晶形固體之化合物E2(0.〇51 g u0/c〇。 實例3 3-氯-1-環丙基甲基-4-丨4-(2,6-二曱基u比啶-3-基氧基)-3-氟-苯基】吡咬-2-酮(E3)
在150°C下’在微波照射下將中間物j>5(0.23 g,0.69 mmol)、中間物D17(0.27 g,0.79 mmol)、催化劑肆(三苯 膦)把(0)(0.04 g,〇_〇35 mmol)及 NaHC03(6 g,過量)於二 °惡烧(6 ml)中之混合物加熱1 〇分鐘。冷卻至室溫後,將反 應混合物經矽藻土過濾’且將溶劑在以更多二噁烷洗滌後 真空蒸發。將粗殘餘物藉由管柱層析法(矽膠;2%甲醇中 之氨(7 M)/DCM作為溶離劑)純化。收集所要溶離份且真空 蒸發以產生呈白色固體之化合物E3(〇.037 g,13.5%)。 熔點:143.4°C。 實例4 4-[4-(1-丁基-3-氣-2·側氧基·ι,2·二氫-吼啶-4-基)-苯氧基卜 苯甲酸(Ε4) 134479.doc • 47. 200922566
將氫氧化鋰(0.044 g ’ i.82 minol)於水(4 ml)中 之溶液逐 滴添加至中間物D27(〇 25 g,〇 6i mmol)於二噁烷(7 中 之在至溫下攪拌之溶液中。接著將混合物在80T:下攪拌2 小時。將冷的粗反應混合物以丨N HC1水溶液酸化且將其以 Et〇Ac萃取。將有機層分離且乾燥(Na2S04),且將溶劑蒸 發至乾燥。將殘餘物藉由管柱層析法(矽膠;0_20%甲醇/ DCM作為溶離劑)純化。將所要溶離份收集且真空蒸發以 產生固體’將其以乙醚洗滌產生呈白色固體之化合物 E4(0.12 g,48%)。 熔點:280.3°C。 實例5 1-環丙基甲基-4-【4-(2,6-二甲基-吡啶_4_基氧基)_3_氟-苯 基】-3-三氟甲基-7好-*比咬-2-網(E5)
在150°C下,在微波照射下將中間物D9(0.035 g,〇.12 mmol)、中間物D23(0.046 g,〇.14 mm〇i)、催化劑肆(三苯 膦)鈀(0)(0.015g,0.014mmol)及NaHC03(lg,過量)於二 噁烷(1 ml)中之混合物加熱10分鐘。冷卻至室溫後,將反 134479.doc -48- 200922566 應混合物經矽藻土過濾,且 直命节议μ , w社Λ更多—噁烷洗滌後 真工4發°將粗殘餘物藉由管柱層析法⑽膠甲醇/ 卿作為溶離劑)純化。收集所要溶離份且真空蒸發以產 生呈白色固體之化合物!;5(〇 〇2 g,38%)。 熔點:161.8。(:。 以與上文所述之5個實例類似之方式使用適當起始材料 製備化合物£6:8(^)。任何熟f此項技術者將瞭解如 何根據與彼等上文所述類似之合成程序合成所有其他適當 起始材料。 物理-化學資料 LCMS-—般程序 如下文各別方法中所規定,使用來自Agilent Techn〇i〇gies 之HP 1100進行HPLC„,其包含具有脫氣器之果(四元 或二元)、自動取樣器、柱式烘箱、二極體陣列偵測器 (DAD)及管柱。將來自柱之液流分流至MS質譜儀中。將 MS偵測器以電噴霧離子化源經組態。將氮氣用作喷霧器 氣體將源/皿度維持在140 C下。以MassLynx-Openlynx軟 體進行資料採集。 LCMS方法: 除了一般程序之外:在60。〇下在來自Agiient之XDB-C18 濾筒(1.8 μηι,2.1x3 0 mm)上進行逆相HPLC,流動速率為1 ml/min °所用梯度條件為:在6 5分鐘内,9〇0/〇 a(〇.5 g/Ι乙 酸銨溶液)、5% B(乙腈)、5% C(曱醇)至50% B及50% C, 在7分鐘時至i00% b,且在7.5分鐘時平衡至初始條件直至 134479.doc -49- 200922566 η °注射體積2 μι。僅在陽離子化模式中藉由使用o.i 二之争留時間以0 5秒自1〇〇至75〇掃描獲得高解析度質譜 亍&夺間’ T〇F)。毛細管針壓為2·5 kV且錐壓為20 V。 胺次内#肽為用於鎖定質量校正之標準物質。 熔點 對於多種化合物而言,在Mettler FP62設備上在開放毛 ’、田笮中測疋熔點。以每分鐘3或i〇。〇之溫度梯度量測熔 广 點最大溫度為3〇〇°C。自數位顯示器讀取熔點且其係以 ' 通常與此分析方法有關之實驗不確定性獲得。 表1 : (n.d.意謂未測定) R3 Ar
實例 Ar ' R1 R2 R3 鹽 炫點 (°C) MH+ RT(min) E1 Cl H n.d. 369 4.33 E2 Cl 2'-F n.d. 387 4.33 E3 一· ·~- Cl 3'-F 143.4 399 4.38 E4 ΗΟ^ Cl H 280.3 398 3.14 E5 cf3 3'-F 161.8 433 4.45 E6 Cl H n.d. 383 4.64 E7 NP~i Cl H n.d. 381 4.32 134479.doc -50- 200922566 實例 Ar R1 R2 R3 鹽 熔點 ro MH+ RT(min) E8 Cl 3'-F 分解 387 4.36 E9 Cl 3'-F n.d. 401 4.60 E10 Cl 2'-F n.d. 401 4.59 Ell Cl 2'-F n.d. 401 4.64 E12 Cl 3'-F n.d. 401 4.68 E13 pH Cl H 分解 367 4.10 E14 Cl H 151.8 381 4.34 E15 Cl 3,-Cl n.d. 403 4.66 E16 脅丨 Cl H n.d. 383 4.63 E17 NP~^ Cl 3'-Cl 120.8 401 4.35 E18 ^r' Cl 3,-Cl 分解 403 4.62 E19 Cl 3'-Cl 103.8 417 4.93 E20 Cl 3'-Cl 111.8 401 4.44 E21 景丨 Y^\^\ Cl 3'-Cl 96.1 417 4.99 E22 Cl 3,-Cl 79.7 403 4.70 E23 Cl 3,-Cl n.d. 401 4.37 E24 Cl H 126.2 367 4.11 E25 Cl H n.d. 369 4.31 E26 Cl 2,-F n.d· 399 4.30 134479.doc -51 - 200922566 實例 Ar R1 R2 R3 鹽 熔點 ro MH+ RT(min) E27 fpH Cl 3,-F 176.0 385 4.09 E28 Cl 2'-F 131.8 385 4.10 E29 Cl 2'-F 108.4 387 4.19 E30 脅 Cl 3'-F n.d. 401 4.65 E31 Cl 3'-F 161.6 399 4.32 E32 Cl 2'-F 148.6 399 4.33 E33 Cl 3'-F n.d. 385 4.09 E34 Cl 2'-F 120.9 385 3.93 E35 脅 Cl 2'-F •HC1 n.d. 401 4.47 E36 Cl 2'-F n.d. 399 4.71 E37 Cl H n.d. 412 4.70 E38 cf3 3'-F 203.9 419 4.28
D.藥理學實例 本發明所提供之化合物為mGluR2之正向異位調節劑。 此等化合物似乎藉由與異位位點而非與麩胺酸鹽結合位點 結合,來加強麩胺酸鹽反應。當存在式(I)化合物時, mGluR2對麩胺酸鹽濃度之反應增加。預期式(I)化合物藉 助於其增強受體功能之能力而對mGluR2具有實質上作 用。在mGluR2處使用下文所述之[35S]GTPXS結合檢定法測 試正向異位調節劑之行為,且其適於識別該等化合物,且 134479.doc •52- 200922566 更特定言之如表4所示之式(I)化合物。 [35S]GTPYS結合檢定 [35S]GTPYS結合檢定為用於研究G-蛋白偶合受體(GPCR) 功能之以膜為主之功能性檢定,藉此量測所併入之不可水 解型GTP,[35S]GTPyS(標記發射γ之35S之烏苷5,-三磷酸)。 G蛋白α子單位催化鳥苷5'-二磷酸(GDP)交換為鳥苷三磷酸 (GTP),且在促效劑活化GPCR時併入[35S]GTPYS且不能裂 解以繼續交換循環(Harper (1998) Current Protocols in Pharmacology 2.6.1-10,John Wiley & Sons,Inc.)。放射活 性[35S]GTPYS之併入量為直接量測G蛋白活性,因此可測 定促效劑之活性。mGluR2受體已顯示可優先與Gal蛋白偶 合(此方法之較佳偶合),因此廣泛用於研究mGluR2受體在 重組細胞系及組織中之受體活化作用(Schaffhauser等人 2003,Pinkerton 等人,2004,Mutel 等人(1998) Journal of Neurochemistry. 71:2558-64 ; Schaffhauser 等人(1998) Molecular Pharmacology 53:228-33)。本文描述使用來自以 人類mGluR2受體轉染且擷用Schaffhauser等人((2003)
Molecular Pharmacology 4:798-810)之細胞之膜進行[35S] GTPyS結合檢定之用途,其係用於偵測本發明化合物之正 向異位調節(PAM)特性。 膜製備 將CHO細胞培養至預融合且以5 mM 丁酸鹽刺激24小 時,隨後在PBS中洗滌,且接著藉由在均質緩衝液(5〇 mM Tris-HCl緩衝液,pH 7·4 ’ 4°C)中刮擦來收集。使用ultra_ 134479.doc •53- 200922566 turrax均質器將細胞溶胞物簡單均質化(15秒)。將均質物在 23 500 X g下離心1〇分鐘且將上清液丟棄。將離心塊再懸 浮於 5 mM Tris-HCl,pH 7.4 中且再次離心(30 000 X g,20 min,4°C)。將最終之離心塊再懸浮於50 mM HEPES,pH 7.4中,且在使用前先以適當等分試樣儲存於-80°C下。以 牛血清白蛋白作為標準,藉由Bradford法(Bio-Rad,USA) 測定蛋白質濃度。 [35S】GTPYS結合檢定 含有人類mGluR2之膜中測試化合物的mGluR2正向異位 調節活性之量測係使用冷凍膜進行,將該等膜在96孔微孔 培養盤中(每檢定孔15 pg,30分鐘,30°C)在檢定緩衝液 (50 mM HEPES pH 7.4 » 100 mM NaCl » 3 mM MgCl2 > 50 μΜ GDP,1 0 pg/ml皂素)中預培育之前解凍且簡單均質 化,其中正向異位調節劑濃度增加(0.3 nM至50 μΜ)且麩 胺酸鹽為預定最小濃度(ΡΑΜ檢定)或不添加麩胺酸鹽。對 於ΡΑΜ檢定而言,將膜以EC25濃度下之麩胺酸鹽根據公開 資料(Pin等人,(1999) Eur, J. Pharmacol. 375:277-294)預 培育,亦即產生25%最大反應麩胺酸鹽之濃度。添加 [35S]GTPyS(0.1 nM,f.c.)實現200 μΐ之總反應體積後,將微 孔培養盤簡單振盪且進一步培育培育使活化時發生 [35S]GTPyS併入(30分鐘,30°C)。藉由使用96孔盤細胞採 集器(Filtermate,Perkin-Elmer, USA)之經玻璃纖維過滤盤 (Unifilter 96-孔 GF/B過渡盤,Perkin-Elmer,Downers Grove, USA)微孔培養盤迅速真空過濾,且接著以300 μΐ冰冷洗滌 134479.doc 54· 200922566 緩衝液(Na2P04.2H20 l〇 mM,ν&Η2Ρ04.ΙΙ20 10 mM, pH=7_4)洗滌3次使反應停止。接著將過濾器風乾,且向各 孔中添加40 μΐ液體閃爍混合液(Microscint_〇),且在%孔 閃爍培養盤讀取器(Top-Count, Perkin-Elmer,USA)中量測 膜結合之[35S]GTPYS。在ι〇 存在下測定非特異 性[35S]GTPYS結合。每資料點使用雙重樣本且在丨丨個濃度 下將各曲線至少進行一次。 資料分析 f1. 在所添加mGluR2促效劑麩胺酸鹽之EC25存在下測定正 向異位調節(P A Μ)之代表性本發明化合物之濃度反應曲線 係使用 Prism GraphPad 軟體(Graph Pad Inc,San Diego, USA)產生。將曲線與允許測定沉⑼值之四參數邏輯斯蒂等 式(four-parameter logistic eqUation)(Y=底部+(頂部 _底部)/ (l + l〇A((LogEC5〇-X)x坡度)擬合。EC5〇為引起麩胺酸鹽反 應之最大增強之一半的化合物濃度。此係藉由自不存在正 , 向異位調節劑之狀況下的麩胺酸鹽反應減去存在完全飽和 濃度之正向異位調節劑狀況下的最大麵胺酸鹽反應來計 算。接著計算產生最大作用之一半的濃度作為Ec5〇。 表2 :本發明化合物之藥理學資料。 所有化合物係在mGiuR2促效劑存在下,在預定ec25濃 度之麵胺酸鹽下測試,以測定正向異位調節 PAM)。所展不之值為至少一個實驗的11個濃度反應曲線 之雙重複值的平均值。除第29、34及35號化合物之外,所 有化合物均展示大於5.0,6.05至7.40之pEC5G值。估算單 134479.doc -55- 200922566 個實驗之pEC5G值的測定誤差為約0.3對數單位。
I 化合物編號 GTPgS-hR2 PAM PEC50 1 6.60 2 6.55 3 6.74 4 6.86 5 7.12 6 6.77 7 6.76 8 6.76 9 6.63 10 6.70 11 7.17 12 6.89 13 6.29 14 6.86 15 7.22 16 7.17 17 6.93 18 7.00 19 7.17 20 7.04 21 7.33 22 7·33 23 6.90 24 6.36 25 6.65 26 6.81 27 6.45 28 6.44 29 <5.0 30 7.33 31 6.54 32 6.43 33 6.21 34 <5.0 35 <5.0 36 6.05 37 7.40 38 6.99 •56- 134479.doc 200922566 E.组合物實例 全部此等實例中所使用 合物,其醫藥學上可性成份”係指式⑴之最終化 構形式。、 又之其溶劑合物及立體化學異 本發明調配物之處方的典型實例如下: 1.錠劑 活性成份 5至 50 mg 構酸二好 20 mg 乳糖 30 mg 滑石 10 mg 硬脂酸鎂 5 mg 馬铃薯殿粉 添加至200 在此實例中,活性成份可置換為相同量之本發明化合物 中之任-者’尤其相同量之例示化合物中之任一者。 2·懸浮液 製備用於經口投與之水性懸浮液,使得每i社含有… mg活性化合物中之一者,5〇 m禮曱基纖維素納,】叫苯 甲酸鈉,500 mg山梨糖醇及水(添加至i瓜1)。 3.可注射液 中攪拌1.5重量%本發明活 藉由在水中之1〇體積。/〇丙二醇 性成份來製備非經腸組合物。 4.軟膏 活性成份 5至1000 mg 硬脂醯醇 3 e 134479.doc -57- 200922566 羊毛脂 白凡士林 水 5 g 15 g 添加至1 0 0 g 在此實例中,活性成份可置換為相同量之本發明化合物 中之任纟’尤其相同量之例示化合物中之任一者。 ::為合理變化,障離本發明之範脅。顯然,因此所描述 x明可由彼等熟習此項技術者以許多方式變化。 134479.doc 58-
Claims (1)
- 200922566 十、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種具有式(I)之化合物:(I) 或其立體化學異構形式,其中 R為Ci-6院基’或經C3-7環烧基、苯基或經鹵基、三敗甲 基或三氟甲氧基取代之苯基所取代之C13炫基; R為鹵基、二氟曱基、Cl ·3烧基或環丙基; R3為氯或鹵基 X為 Ο、S、SO、S024CF2 ;且 Ar為未經取代之苯基、未經取代之吡啶基、或經—或兩 個選自由以下基團組成之群的取代基取代之苯基或吡啶 基:鹵基、c丨_3烷基、C〗·3烷氧基、三氟甲基、羥基Ci 3 烧基及(CH2)n-C02H,其中n = 〇、1或2;或 其醫藥學上可接受之鹽或溶劑合物,其限制條件為當R3 為2’-氟時’則Ar不為經一或兩個Cl_3烷基取代基取代之 3-吡啶基。 2.如請求項1之化合物,其中: R1為1-丁基、2-甲基·丙基、3_甲基_丨_丁基、(環丙基) 曱基或2-(環丙基)_ι_乙基; R2為氣或三氟甲基; R為氫、氯或氟; 134479.doc 200922566 X為Ο ;且 或經COOH或羥基 Ar為經至少一個甲基取代之吡咬基 Ci·3烷基取代之苯基; 或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽或溶劑合物。 (環丙基)曱基或2-(環丙 3.如請求項1之化合物,其中: Rl為1-丁基、3-曱基-1-丁基 基)-1-乙基; R2為氣;R3為氣或氟; X為Ο ;且 Ar為2-甲基吡啶_4_基、2_曱基吡啶_3_基或2,6_二曱基吡 啶-4-基, 或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽或溶劑合物。 4.如吻求項1之化合物,其中該化合物係選自由以下各物 組成之群: • L丁基-3-氯-4-[4-(2_甲基吡啶-4 —基氧基)_笨基]比 啶嗣 • 1 - 丁基-3-氯-4-[2-氟-4-(2-甲基11比啶_4·基氧基)_苯基]_ /月~°比°定-2-酮 _ 3_氣環丙基甲基-4-[4-(2,6-二甲基吼啶-3-基氧基)· 3-氟、苯基]-7//·吡啶-2-酮 _ 4-[4-(1_丁基_3_氯_2_侧氧基-1,2-二氫-吼啶-4-基)_苯氧 基]笨甲酸 _丨_環丙基曱基-4-[4-(2,6-二甲基比啶_4_基氧基)_3_氟- 134479.doc 200922566 笨基]-3-二說甲基_7//_吡啶_2_酮 5. -種醫藥組合物’其包含治療有效量之 任-項之化合物及醫藥學上可接受 4項!至4中 6·如請求項】至4中任一項 劑或賦形劑。 項之化合物,其係用作華妝 7· -種如請求項〗至种任一項之化 ,、項 藥組合物的用途,其係用於製造用以:求項5之醫 類之哺激翻鉍+十. 口廢或預防包括人 =礼動物之病況的藥物,該治療或預 8. 正向異位調節劑之神經調節作用的影響或促進。 3=項1至4中任一項之化合物或如請求項5之醫 ΓΓ’其係用於製造用以治療或預防中梅神 統病症之藥物’該病症係選自焦慮症、精神病症、 人格障礙、物質關聯性病症、飲食障礙、心境障礙、偏 碩痛、、癲癇症或抽搐症、兒童病症、認知障礙、神經退 化、神經毒性及局部缺血之群。 9. ,β求項8之用途’其中該中樞神經系統病症為選自廣 θ心、沛症、普遍焦慮症(GAD)、強迫症(OCD)、恐慌 症、創傷後應激障礙(PTSD)、社交恐懼症及其他恐懼症 之群的焦慮症。 如叫求項8之用途,其中該中樞神經系統病症為選自精 神刀裂症、妄想症、分裂情感性精神障礙、類精神分裂 症精神障礙及物質誘發之精神病症之群的精神病症。 11.如凊求項8之用途,其中該中樞神經系統病症為選自強 迫性人格障礙及精神分裂症、分裂型障礙之群的人格障 礙0 134479.doc 200922566 12.如明求項8之用途,其中該中樞神經系統病症為選自酗 酒、酒精域、酒精戒斷、酒精戒斷性譫妄、酒精誘發 之精神病症、安非他命上瘾、安非他命戒斷、古柯驗上 癮古柯驗戒斷、尼古丁上痛、尼古丁戒斷、類鹤片上 瘾及類鴉片戒斷之群的物質關聯性病症。 13_如凊求項8之用途,其中該中枢神經系統病症為選 經性厭食症及神經性貪食症之群的飲食障礙。 月长項8之用途’其中該中柩神經系統病症為選自雙 極及Π)、循環情感性精神障礙、抑鬱、低落性^ ;。ί ί±抑鬱症及物質誘發之心境障礙之群的心境障 15·如請求項8之用途,其中該中 痛 报秤經糸統病症為偏頭 16. ::求項8之用途,其中該中樞神經系統病症為選自全 癲癎全身性驚厥性癲癇、複合性部分性 邻八I、 作狀態、伴隨或不伴隨意識缺損之 Ί廁兒痙攣症、部分性癒癇持續狀態及其他 '之癲癎之群的癲癇症或抽搐症。 17. 如請求項8之用全 症。 途,其中該兒童病症為注意力缺陷/過動 18. 如請求項8之用 妄 途、、中該中樞神經系統病症為選自譫 -發之持續譫妄、癡呆、卿疾病引起 呆 7廷頓氏症引發之德# Μ ^ ^ 阿茲海默氏… 森氏症引發之癡呆、 1癡呆、物質誘發之持續性癡呆及輕度認知 134479.doc 200922566 缺損之群的認知障礙。 19. 20. 如清求項8之用途,其中該中樞神經系統病症係選自焦 ’其與 防如請 慮、精神分裂症、偏頭痛、抑鬱及癲癎症之群。 一種如請求項1至4中任一項之化合物的用途 mGluR2之鄰位促效劑組合用於製造用以治療戋預 求項7至19中任一項所述之病況的藥物。 134479.doc 200922566 七、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:(無) (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: 八、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式:1 134479.doc -6-
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- 2008-09-12 WO PCT/EP2008/007549 patent/WO2009033702A1/en not_active Ceased
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| AU2008297876A1 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
| ES2365966T3 (es) | 2011-10-14 |
| JP2010539119A (ja) | 2010-12-16 |
| CA2697399A1 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
| ZA201001221B (en) | 2011-04-28 |
| KR20100065191A (ko) | 2010-06-15 |
| PT2200985E (pt) | 2011-07-21 |
| US8252937B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 |
| US20120309793A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
| NZ584152A (en) | 2011-11-25 |
| EP2200985B1 (en) | 2011-07-13 |
| CN101848893A (zh) | 2010-09-29 |
| CL2008002746A1 (es) | 2009-05-22 |
| ATE516272T1 (de) | 2011-07-15 |
| CN101848893B (zh) | 2012-06-06 |
| EP2200985A1 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
| DK2200985T3 (da) | 2011-10-24 |
| US8748621B2 (en) | 2014-06-10 |
| US20100286206A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
| EA201000331A1 (ru) | 2011-02-28 |
| MX2010002538A (es) | 2010-08-10 |
| PL2200985T3 (pl) | 2011-12-30 |
| CA2697399C (en) | 2016-01-19 |
| BRPI0817101A2 (pt) | 2017-05-09 |
| HK1144159A1 (zh) | 2011-01-28 |
| EA019085B1 (ru) | 2014-01-30 |
| WO2009033702A1 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
| AR068512A1 (es) | 2009-11-18 |
| JP5366269B2 (ja) | 2013-12-11 |
| AU2008297876B2 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
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