ES2250192T5 - Uso de ramipril en la prevención de la insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva - Google Patents
Uso de ramipril en la prevención de la insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2250192T5 ES2250192T5 ES00965898.0T ES00965898T ES2250192T5 ES 2250192 T5 ES2250192 T5 ES 2250192T5 ES 00965898 T ES00965898 T ES 00965898T ES 2250192 T5 ES2250192 T5 ES 2250192T5
- Authority
- ES
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- Prior art keywords
- chf
- stroke
- heart failure
- ramipril
- diabetes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- A61K31/403—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
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- A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
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Description
Uso de ramipril en la prevención de la insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva
Campo de la invención
La presente invención se refiere al uso de ramipril en la fabricación de un medicamento para la prevención de la insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva (denominado abreviadamente CHF por sus iniciales en inglés), en pacientes sin CHF preexistente, en el que el paciente tiene un alto riesgo de un evento cardiovascular debido a un historial de enfermedad cardiaca isqu�mica previa, ataque cerebral o enfermedad arterial periférica y en el que el paciente exhibe presión sanguínea baja o normal.
Antecedentes de la invención
Los compuestos que interfieren con el sistema renina-angiotensina (SRA) son bien conocidos en la técnica y se usan para tratar enfermedades cardiovasculares, particularmente hipertensión arterial e insuficiencia cardiaca. Principalmente, el SRA puede interferir por inhibición de las enzimas que sintetizan angiotensinas o al bloquear los correspondientes receptores en los sitios efectores. Hoy en día est�n disponibles inhibidores de la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina (ECA) y antagonistas del receptor de tipo 1 de la angiotensina II (AT II).
Los inhibidores ECA son compuestos que inhiben la conversión de la angiotensina I en la angiotensina II activa al igual que la degradación de la bradiquinina con actividad vasodilatadora. Ambos mecanismos conducen a vasodilataci�n. Tales compuestos se describen en, por ejemplo, los documentos EP 158927, EP 317878, US 4 743 450 y US 4 857 520.
Ramipril (descrito en el documento EP-A-079022) es un inhibidor de ECA de larga duración. Su metabolito activo es el di�cido libre ramiprilat, que se obtiene in vivo bajo administración de ramipril. En pacientes hipertensos la administración de ramipril se sabe que causa una reducción en la resistencia arterial periférica y por lo tanto una reducción de la presión sanguínea sin un aumento compensatorio en el ritmo cardiaco. Actualmente se usa en el tratamiento de la hipertensión y CHF. Además, ramipril ha demostrado reducir la mortalidad en pacientes con signos cl�nicos de insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva después de sobrevivir a un infarto de miocardio agudo. Se ha sugerido que ramipril tiene una ventaja añadida sobre muchos otros inhibidores de ECA debido a su inhibición pronunciada de ECA en tejidos resultantes de efectos protectores de órganos en p.ej. el corazón, ri��n, y vasos sanguíneos.
Los compuestos que interfieren con el SRA incluidos inhibidores de ECA y antagonistas de AT II se usan actualmente en el tratamiento de varios trastornos cardiovasculares, especialmente en pacientes que exhiben una presión sanguínea alta. El uso de dichos compuestos en la prevención de trastornos cardiovasculares es mucho menos común y el uso de dichos compuestos en la prevención de CHF en pacientes con CHF no preexistente, en el que el paciente tiene un alto riesgo de evento cardiovascular debido a un historial de enfermedad cardiaca isqu�mica previa, ataque cerebral o enfermedad arterial periférica y en el que el paciente exhibe una presión sanguínea baja o normal es hasta el momento desconocido.
Sumario de la invención
La presente invención se refiere al uso de ramipril en la fabricación de un medicamento para la prevención del desarrollo de CHF en pacientes con CHF no preexistente, es decir sin signos o síntomas de CHF, en el que el paciente tiene un alto riesgo de evento cardiovascular debido a un historial de enfermedad cardiaca isqu�mica previa, ataque cerebral o enfermedad arterial periférica y en el que el paciente exhibe una presión sanguínea baja o normal.
Descripci�n detallada de la invención
Se ha encontrado, sorprendentemente, que los trastornos cardiovasculares tal como CHF pueden prevenirse por uso de ramipril que interfiere con la síntesis de angiotensina II. La presente invención es especialmente sorprendente en estos pacientes especialmente que exhiben una presión sanguínea baja o normal beneficiados considerablemente por la acción preventiva de ramipril. La invención describe un nuevo método para prevenir CHF por administración de ramipril a pacientes con CHF no preexistente, en el que el paciente tiene un alto riesgo de evento cardiovascular debido a un historial de enfermedad cardiaca isqu�mica previa, ataque cerebral o enfermedad arterial periférica y en el que el paciente exhibe una presión sanguínea baja o normal.
Los pacientes que exhiben una presión sanguínea baja o normal se conocen como pacientes normotensivos. Ejemplos de directrices que definen valores de presión sanguínea para diferentes grupos de pacientes incluido diferentes edades, incluyen directrices emitidas por el WHO y JNC (EE.UU.). En la presente invención, una definición adecuada de una presión sanguínea baja o normal puede encontrarse en JNC VI, que se incorpora en este texto como referencia.
"Diabetes" incluye ambos tipos de diabetes, también conocido como insulinodependiente, diabetes mellitus (DMID), y diabetes tipo II, también conocido como diabetes mellitus no insulinodependiente (DMNID).
En la presente invención, ramipril es un compuesto que por s� mismo o después de administración interfiere con la síntesis de la angiotensina II.
La presente invención incluye la mezcla de isómeros al igual que los estereois�meros individuales. La presente invención incluye además isómeros geométricos, isómeros rotacionales, enanti�meros, racematos y diastereois�meros.
Cuando sea aplicable, ramipril puede usarse en forma neutra, p.ej. como ácido carbox�lico, o en la forma de una sal, preferentemente una sal farmac�uticamente aceptable tal como la sal de sodio, potasio, amonio, calcio o magnesio del compuesto en cuestión. Cuando sea aplicable los compuestos enumerados anteriormente pueden usarse en forma de éster hidrolizable.
En la presente invención, ramipril puede exhibir una larga duración, duración media o duración corta.
Ramipril o una de sus sales farmac�uticamente aceptable, incluido metabolitos activos, pueden usarse par la prevención de CHF.
La información sobre ramipril y ramiprilat puede obtenerse p.ej. en el Merck Index., 12� ed., 1996, pp. 1394-1395.
Para uso cl�nico, ramipril se formula en una formulación farmacéutica para administración oral, intravenosa, subcutánea, traqueal, bronquial, intranasal, pulmonar, transd�rmica, bucal, rectal, parenteral o cualquier otro modo de administración. La formulación farmacéutica puede contener el inhibidor en mezcla con un adyuvante, diluyente y/o vehículo farmac�uticamente aceptable.
En la preparación de las formulaciones farmacéuticas de la presente invención el ingrediente activo puede mezclarse con ingredientes sólidos en polvo tal como lactosa, sacarosa, sorbitol, manitol, almidón, amilopectina, derivados de celulosa, gelatina, o cualquier otro ingrediente adecuado, al igual que con agentes desintegrantes y agentes lubricantes tal como estearato de magnesio, estearato de calcio, fumarato de esterilo de sodio y ceras de polietilenglicol. La mezcla puede procesarse en gránulos o prensarse en comprimidos.
El ingrediente activo puede mezclarse previamente por separado con los otros ingredientes no activos, antes de mezclarse para formar la formulación.
Las cápsulas de gelatina blanda pueden prepararse con cápsulas que contienen una mezcla del ingrediente activo de la invención, aceite vegetal, grasa, u otro vehículo adecuado para cápsulas de gelatina blanda. Las cápsulas de gelatina dura pueden contener gránulos de los ingredientes activos. Las cápsulas de gelatina dura pueden contener también los ingredientes activos en combinación con ingredientes sólidos en polvo tal como lactosa, sacarosa, sorbitol, manitol, almidón de patata, almidón de maíz, amilopectina, derivados de celulosa o gelatina.
Las unidades de dosis para administración rectal pueden prepararse (i) en la forma de supositorios que contienen la sustancia activa mezclada con una base de grasa neutra; (ii) en la forma de una cápsula rectal de gelatina que contiene la sustancia activa en una mezcla con aceite vegetal, aceite de parafina o cualquier otro vehículo para cápsulas rectales de gelatina; (iii) en la forma de un micro enema de fácil preparación; o (iv) en la forma de una formulación de micro enema seco para ser reconstituido en un disolvente adecuado justo antes de su administración.
Las preparaciones líquidas pueden prepararse en la forma de siropes o suspensiones, p.ej. soluciones o suspensiones que contienen los ingredientes activos y el resto que consisten en, por ejemplo, azúcar o alcoholes de azúcar y una mezcla de etanol, agua, glicerol, propilenglicol y polietilenglicol. Si se desea, tales preparaciones líquidas pueden contener agentes colorantes, agentes aromatizantes, preservativos, sacarina y carboximetil-celulosa u otros agentes espesantes. Las preparaciones líquidas pueden prepararse también en la forma de un polvo seco para ser reconstituido con un disolvente adecuado antes de su uso.
Las soluciones para administración parenteral pueden prepararse como una solución de una formulación de la invención en un disolvente farmac�uticamente aceptable. Estas soluciones pueden contener también ingredientes estabilizantes, preservativos y/o ingredientes tampones. Las soluciones para administración parenteral pueden prepararse también como una preparación seca para ser reconstituida con un disolvente adecuado antes de su uso.
La cantidad total de ingrediente activo est� adecuadamente en el intervalo de aproximadamente 0,1 % (p/p) hasta aproximadamente 95 % (p/p) de la formulación, adecuadamente de 0,5 % a 50 % (p/p) y preferentemente de 1 % to 25 % (p/p).
Las formulaciones farmacéuticas pueden contener entre aproximadamente 0,1 mg y aproximadamente 1000 mg de ingrediente activo, preferentemente entre 1 mg y 100 mg de ingrediente activo.
La dosis del ingrediente activo para administrar depender� de la indicación pertinente, la edad, peso y sexo del paciente y puede ser determinada por un m�dico. La dosis estar� adecuadamente en el intervalo de aproximadamente 0,01 mg/kg hasta aproximadamente 20 mg/kg, preferentemente entre 0,1 mg/kg y 10 mg/kg.
La dosis diaria típica de los ingredientes activos varía dentro de un amplio intervalo y dependerán de varios factores tales como la indicación pertinente, la ruta de administración, la edad, peso y sexo del paciente y puede ser determinada por un m�dico. En general, dosis, y especialmente dosis oral y parenteral, estar� en el intervalo de aproximadamente 0,1 hasta aproximadamente 100 mg por día de ingrediente activo, preferentemente entre 1 y 50
5 mg por día de ingrediente activo.
En el Ejemplo siguiente se pretende ilustrar, sin limitar el alcance de la invención.
Ejemplo
Se dise�� un ensayo cl�nico a gran escala para examinar el efecto del inhibidor de ECA ramipril versus placebo en la reducción de eventos cardiovasculares.
10 El estudio se condujo en 267 centros en 19 países durante un período de seis años e incluyó 9541 participantes que tenían un alto riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares debido a un historial de enfermedad cardiaca isqu�mica previa, ataque cerebral, enfermedad arterial periférica o individuos con diabetes.
La presión sanguínea sistólica en la inclusión de los pacientes estaba en el intervalo de 138 mm Hg y por lo tanto los pacientes eran normotensivos al inicio del estudio. Después de un mes de terapia con ramipril o placebo, la presión
15 sanguínea sistólica había decrecido en 5.48 mm Hg y 1.59 mm Hg, respectivamente. El primer punto final del estudio fue infarto de miocardio (IM), ataque cerebral y muerte (mortalidad) cardiovascular (CV).
El número de pacientes que desarrollaron CHF se redujo significantemente en 21% en el grupo de ramipril, lo que fue inesperado ya que los pacientes no tenían signos o síntomas de CHF al inicio del estudio. 20 Abreviaturas ECA = enzima de conversión de la angiotensina AT II = receptor tipo 1 de la angiotensina II CHF = insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva por sus iniciales en inglés DMID = diabetes mellitus insulinodependiente 25 JNC = Joint National Committee IM = infarto de miocardio DMNID = diabetes mellitus no insulinodependiente WHO = Organización Mundial de la Salud
Claims (1)
- REIVINDICACIONES1. El uso de ramipril en la fabricación de un medicamento para la prevención del riesgo de insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva (CHF) en un paciente con CHF no preexistente, en el que el paciente tiene un alto riesgo de un evento cardiovascular debido a un historial de enfermedad cardiaca isqu�mica previa, ataque cerebral o enfermedad arterial periférica, y en el que el paciente exhibe presión sanguínea normal o baja.
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| SE9903028 | 1999-08-27 | ||
| SE9903028A SE9903028D0 (sv) | 1999-08-27 | 1999-08-27 | New use |
| PCT/EP2000/008341 WO2001015673A2 (en) | 1999-08-27 | 2000-08-25 | Pharmaceutical formulations and use thereof in the prevention of stroke, diabetes and/or congestive heart failure |
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| ES2250192T3 ES2250192T3 (es) | 2006-04-16 |
| ES2250192T5 true ES2250192T5 (es) | 2014-06-27 |
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| ES04006330T Expired - Lifetime ES2386141T3 (es) | 1999-08-27 | 2000-08-25 | Uso de ramipril para la prevención de diabetes en un paciente sin insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva preexistente |
| ES08004265.8T Expired - Lifetime ES2525699T3 (es) | 1999-08-27 | 2000-08-25 | Uso de antagonistas del receptor de tipo 1 de la angiotensina II para la prevención de diabetes |
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| ES04006330T Expired - Lifetime ES2386141T3 (es) | 1999-08-27 | 2000-08-25 | Uso de ramipril para la prevención de diabetes en un paciente sin insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva preexistente |
| ES08004265.8T Expired - Lifetime ES2525699T3 (es) | 1999-08-27 | 2000-08-25 | Uso de antagonistas del receptor de tipo 1 de la angiotensina II para la prevención de diabetes |
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| RS50377B (sr) * | 1999-08-30 | 2009-11-10 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh., | Inhibitori sistema renin-angiotenzin i njihova primena |
| RU2003131329A (ru) * | 2001-03-26 | 2005-01-27 | Котобуки Фармасьютикал Ко., Лтд. (Jp) | Производные изохинкулидина, способ их получения и терапевтические средства, содержащие эти соединения |
| WO2003032963A2 (en) * | 2001-10-17 | 2003-04-24 | Aventis Pharma Deutschland Gmbh | Method of reducing type 2 diabetes in high risk patients |
| US6844361B2 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2005-01-18 | Aventis Pharma Deutschland Gmbh | Pharmaceutical composition comprising a sodium hydrogen exchange inhibitor and an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor |
| DE10230272A1 (de) * | 2002-07-05 | 2004-01-22 | Solvay Pharmaceuticals Gmbh | AT1-Rezeptorantagonisten zur Prävention von Folgeschlaganfällen |
| EP1382334A1 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2004-01-21 | Université de Picardie Jules Verne | Use of angiotensin II AT1-receptor blockers (ARB), alone or combined with thiazide or angiotensin II for the treatment of stroke |
| US7232828B2 (en) * | 2002-08-10 | 2007-06-19 | Bethesda Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | PPAR Ligands that do not cause fluid retention, edema or congestive heart failure |
| DE10306179A1 (de) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-08-26 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verwendung von Dipyridamol in Kombination mit Acetylsalicylsäure und einem Angiotensin II-Antagonisten zur Schlaganfall-Prophylaxe |
| US20040229901A1 (en) * | 2003-02-24 | 2004-11-18 | Lauren Otsuki | Method of treatment of disease using an adenosine A1 receptor antagonist |
| CA2458288A1 (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2004-09-11 | Institut De Cardiologie De Montreal / Montreal Heart Institute | Method and compound to reduce the incidence of diabetes in a subject with chronic heart failure |
| BRPI0409699A (pt) | 2003-04-25 | 2006-04-18 | Novacardia Inc | métodos de indução do efeito diurético, de indução, manutenção ou restauração do efeito diurético de diurético não modificador de adenosina, de manutenção, restauração ou melhoria da função renal em paciente, de indução de diurese, de prevenção do inìcio de deficiência renal em paciente com sobrecarga de fluidos ou chf, de tratamento de paciente que sofre de chf e de melhoria dos resultados globais da saúde, composição farmacêutica e seus usos |
| WO2005049035A1 (en) | 2003-11-18 | 2005-06-02 | Solvay Pharmaceuticals Gmbh | Pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of renal dysfunction, disease or disorder, in particular in diabetic patients |
| NZ549535A (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2010-11-26 | Novartis Ag | Use of aliskiren for treating renal and other disorders |
| MX2007005377A (es) * | 2004-11-05 | 2008-01-11 | King Pharmaceuticals Res & Dev | Particulas de ramiprilo estabilizadas, individualmente recubiertas, composiciones y metodos. |
| WO2007044910A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-04-19 | Duke University | Compositions for the treatment and prevention of heart disease and methods of using same |
| MX2009002091A (es) * | 2006-08-28 | 2009-03-09 | Sanofi Aventis Deutschland | Metodos para reducir las concentraciones de glucosa. |
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