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WO2004089060A1 - Moissonneuse a mais - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2004089060A1
WO2004089060A1 PCT/SI2004/000017 SI2004000017W WO2004089060A1 WO 2004089060 A1 WO2004089060 A1 WO 2004089060A1 SI 2004000017 W SI2004000017 W SI 2004000017W WO 2004089060 A1 WO2004089060 A1 WO 2004089060A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
harvester
maize
thresher
peeling
conveyer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SI2004/000017
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sebastjan HAJN�EK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sip Strojna Industrija Dd Empeter V Savinjski Dolini
Original Assignee
Sip Strojna Industrija Dd Empeter V Savinjski Dolini
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sip Strojna Industrija Dd Empeter V Savinjski Dolini filed Critical Sip Strojna Industrija Dd Empeter V Savinjski Dolini
Publication of WO2004089060A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004089060A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/02—Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
    • A01D45/028—Harvesting devices mounted to a vehicle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to agriculture, in particular to maize harvesters without autonomous driving unit, which are pulled by means of appropriate towing device, especially a corresponding tractor.
  • harvesting in the first step also includes collecting cobs, which is however followed by removing husks from the cobs, and after that - still during harvesting - also the kernel is removed from the cobs.
  • the product of harvesting in such case is exclusively the kernel without the cobs and also without the husks, which are still during harvesting cut and spread along the stubble-field.
  • the invention is based on a problem, how to create a relatively simple harvester, which should be driven by means of appropriate towing device, in particular by means of a tractor, and which would enable achieving essentially higher exploitation rate as known towed devices, since such device should be applicable both, for harvesting maize in order to obtain peeled cobs, and by means of a simple modification also for harvesting in order to obtain exclusively a maize grains with relatively low moisture content in a period of higher ripe-stage.
  • DE-OS 1 934 418 describes a maize harvester, namely a so-called combine harvester, which is equipped with autonomous driving unit i.e. a corresponding engine, and comprises a harvesting unit, which is arranged in front of the device, when taking into account the driving direction.
  • autonomous driving unit i.e. a corresponding engine
  • harvesting unit which is arranged in front of the device, when taking into account the driving direction.
  • YU 272681 and FR 19820019292 describe a maize harvester without autonomous driving unit, which is therefore intended for being towed.
  • Such a device is intended for coupling to a tractor, and its constituent parts are then driven by means of a cardan shaft, which is available on the tractor and normally serves for driving various agricultural machines when being towed by such tractor.
  • the said device comprises a chassis, on which the detaching means are available, which are directed in a driving direction and intended for detaching maize cobs from the culms. Culms are then crushed in a crushing unit. The detached cobs are transported to a peeling unit, which consists of appropriate rollers, which are directed in the driving direction and rotated in opposite directions each to other.
  • the said device comprises a ventilator, which serves for directing the cobs and transporting the husks upon being removed from the cobs.
  • the peeled cobs which still include kernel, are then transported to a collector by means of a transporting unit, which is also included in the said device.
  • a transporting unit which is also included in the said device.
  • various devices which are intended for detaching the kernel from the maize cobs i.e. for the so-called threshing.
  • One of them is described in EP 0 396 968 Bl.
  • Such device enables the so-called tangential threshing, which means that the cobs, which are intended for threshing, are moved through the device in the tangential direction.
  • the device includes a cylinder, which is rotated around its longitudinal axis and comprises ribs i.e. essentially sinusoidal protrusions and cavities, which in form of slightly rounded ribs and grooves extend in the longitudinal direction of the said cylinder. In its adjacency there is a rough sieve screen, which is bent and placed at a desired distance there-from.
  • the kernel and also any other possible particles of cobs fall down through the said rough screen onto the fine screen, which is placed below and is adapted for passing-through exclusively the kernel without any other larger particles of the cobs.
  • the said particles are exposed to intensive air flow, which results from the corresponding ventilator and is intended for purification of kernel and transporting the cobs and residues thereof towards a crushing unit, in which the cobs are crushed in order to be distributed along the stubble-field.
  • the kernel is then transported to appropriate collector by means of appropriate worm gear or elevator.
  • the main advantage of such device is, that the final product is kernel, which may be stored and transported much more rationally like e.g. the kernel together with cobs.
  • the device may be used exclusively during the late ripe-stage of the maize, when the relative moisture of the maize kernel becomes relatively low, so that the kernel is already sufficiently hard in order to avoid destroying thereof during detaching from the cob.
  • duration of the time period, in which the device is used is very short and is moreover connected with relatively high risk with respect to weather conditions, which enable such harvesting at all.
  • the present invention relates to a maize harvester, which is adapted for connection to appropriate towing device by means of adequate coupling and towed after that by means of such device. Accordingly, the harvester is not equipped with autonomous motor, so that its operating elements are driven by means of an appropriate driving shaft, which is available on the said towing device.
  • Such harvester consists of a mobile chassis, on which in addition to the said coupling also a collector is foreseen, which serves for collecting and directing maize cobs after being detached from the maize culms in the area of detaching units and which is equipped with a driving unit, which is turned by means of a transmission, which is available on the said chassis and is by means of an appropriate shaft or any other means connected with the said driving shaft of the towing device.
  • the mobile chassis is adapted for alternatively mounting either a peeling unit or a thresher thereto, and by the preferred embodiment also an external conveyer is placed between the each time available peeling unit or thresher and the collecting container.
  • the mobile chassis is adapted for alternative attachment either of a peeling unit together with the belonging external conveyer for transporting maize cobs towards the collecting container or a thresher together with the belonging conveyer for transporting the maize kernel towards the collecting container.
  • the said peeling unit includes at least one internal conveyer as well as appropriate peeling means, which are arranged below the said conveyer and both is driven by means of a transmission unit, which is arranged on the mobile chassis.
  • a preferred embodiment of the peeling unit includes at least one internal conveyer as well as appropriate peeling means arranged there-below and moreover also at least one external conveyer, which is adapted for transporting maize cobs from the area of the said peeling unit towards the collecting container, by which the said peeling means and the said conveyers may be driven by means of a transmission unit, which is arranged on the mobile chassis.
  • a thresher of the harvester according to the invention includes at least one internal conveyer and a rotational threshing means, which is arranged closely to the said conveyer and adjacent to which, in particular below which, a rough screen is placed and below this last also a fine screen, while the preferred embodiment includes also a crushing means, in particular a rotational crushing and transporting means, which is arranged behind the said rotational threshing means, when observed in a harvester driving direction.
  • the internal conveyer and closely thereto arranged rotational threshing means of the thresher may be driven by means of the transmission unit, which is arranged on the mobile chassis.
  • the said thresher includes, in addition to the external conveyer, which is intended for transporting maize kernel from the thresher towards the collecting container, also at least one crushing means as well as at least one rotational threshing means, adjacent to which, namely at least essentially below which, a rough screen is placed, and below this last also a fine screen.
  • the preferred harvester according to invention comprises appropriate means for generating the required air-flow in the opposite direction with respect to a harvester driving direction, at least in the area between the rough screen and the fine screen, which is arranged below the rough screen, by which also the said means may be driven by means of a transmission unit, which may be arranged on the said mobile chassis.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a mobile chassis of the harvester
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a mobile chassis according to Fig. 1 together with a peeling unit, during placing or removing thereof on/from the said chassis;
  • Fig. 3 shows one of both alternative configurations of the harvester, namely with included peeling unit, which is placed onto a mobile chassis and shown in a cross-section along this unit;
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a mobile chassis according to Fig. 1 together with a threshing unit, during placing or removing thereof on/from the said chassis;
  • Fig. 5 shows the other of both alternative configurations of the harvester, namely with included threshing unit, which is placed onto a mobile chassis and presented in a cross- section along this unit.
  • Fig. 1 shows a mobile chassis 1, which is adapted for being towed by means of a /non- shown/ towing device, especially a tractor, and at the same time also for coupling and driving of desired units, which are attached thereto and will be described in more detail subsequently.
  • the said driving is regularly enabled by means of a cardan shaft or any other means, which is for this purpose foreseen on the towing device.
  • the said chassis 1 comprises a towing coupling 2, which is arranged on the end portion, which is faces towards the towing device, as well as appropriate transmission means 3, which is driven by means of its connection with the said shaft of the towing device, in this particular case via the shaft 4, which is schematically shown in Fig. 1 by dotted line'.
  • the said coupling 2 is placed on the inward side of the said chassis, quite behind the central longitudinal line of a towing device. On the outward side of the said chassis 1, i.e.
  • each detaching unit 6', 6" is equipped with appropriate gap or recess, which is larger than the average diameter of the culms (not shown) and narrower than the diameter of an average diameter of the (also not shown) maize cob, and at the same time it is inclined downwards, when observed in the driving direction.
  • the chassis 1 is moved in a driving direction, while the culms are successively inserted into the said gaps, by which the cobs are detached from the culms.
  • a worm collector 7 mounted onto the chassis 1, the driving unit 5 of which is driven by means of the said transmission unit 3.
  • the purpose of the said collector 7 is collecting cobs after being detached from the culms, by which the cobs are simultaneously oriented in such a manner, that the longitudinal axis of each cob extends in the transversal direction of the chassis 1 i.e. rectangular with respect to the driving direction in the plane, which is at least essentially parallel with the ground.
  • the said chassis is also equipped with a collecting container 15, which is shown in Figs. 2 to 5, and intended for collecting and transporting the cobs and/or the kernel.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate the first alternative configuration of the harvester according to the invention.
  • Such configuration is adapted for detaching cobs from the culms, and thereafter also appropriate peeling i.e. removing husks from the cob.
  • a peeling unit 9 is foreseen for this purpose, which may be simply and easily mounted onto the said chassis 1 before each use, and after that also simply and easily removed from the said chassis. Assembling the peeling unit 9 also means connecting this peeling unit 9 with the transmission unit 3, by which also a required driving of all active parts of the peeling unit 9 is ensured.
  • the peeling unit 9 is shown in Fig. 2 in the state before mounting onto the chassis 1 or upon being removed there- from. Position for attaching the peeling unit 9 onto the chassis 1 is marked with 19, and such attaching may be realized in any reasonable manner, which is known to those skilled in the art, e.g. by means of screwing.
  • the peeling unit 9 comprises an internal transporting means i.e. conveyer 17 as well as appropriate peeling means 18, especially cylinders, which are turned in opposite directions, and in this particular embodiment also an external transporting means i.e conveyer 16'.
  • Driving of peeling means 18 and both transporting means 16', 17 is achieved by means of the transmission unit 3 of the chassis 1, either via the said driving unit 5 of the collector 7 or directly.
  • the cob After detaching each cob from the belonging culms, the cob is moved into a collector 7, where it is oriented transversally with respect to the driving direction and after that rolled towards the peeling unit 9.
  • the internal conveyer 17 is intended for uniformly distributing the cobs on the peeling means 18 i.e. along the complete width thereof, by which the husks are removed from the cobs.
  • the peeled cobs - which still include kernel, but not also the husks - are transported by means of the external conveyer 16' into the collecting container 15. Accordingly, by means of such configuration of the harvester according to the invention, the cobs together with kernel, which is still attached thereto, are collected within the collecting container 15.
  • Fig. 4 and 5 illustrate another alternative configuration of the harvester according to the invention.
  • This particular configuration enables detaching the cobs from the culms and after that also peeling with simultaneously threshing, which means removing the kernel from the cob, which is followed by separating kernel from the husks and cobs.
  • a thresher 8 is simply and easily mounted onto the said chassis 1 before the use, and after that, simply and easily removed from the said chassis 1.
  • the said thresher 8 includes an internal conveyer 10, a rotational threshing means 11, a rotational crushing and transporting means 13 as well as a rough screen 12 and a fine screen 14, and in addition in this particular embodiment also an external conveyer 16".
  • the said means 11, 13 are driven by means of a transmission unit 3, also in this case either via the driving unit 5 of the collector 7 or directly.
  • the maize cob When the maize cob is detached from the culms and arrives into the collector 7, it is oriented transversally with respect to the driving direction and then rolled towards the internal conveyer 10 of the thresher 8, by means of which the cobs are then by their unchanged orientation moved towards the operation area of the rotational threshing means 11, adjacent to which i.e. below which a rough screen 12 is arranged.
  • a crushing transporting means 13 is arranged, which is intended for crushing and cutting of previously threshed cobs together with removing and transporting of residual particles of cobs and when required also the husks away from the thresher 8.
  • Threshing namely removing the kernel from the cobs, is achieved due to ensuring appropriate contact of cobs with the rough screen 12, by which the husks and also the kernel are removed from the cobs.
  • the purpose of threshing is to obtain exclusively the kernel, while the husks and cobs are foreseen for throwing them away.
  • the kernel is falling down through the rough screen 12 onto the fine screen 14, where the kernel is collected and displaced towards the external conveyer 16", which is adapted for transporting the kernel into the collecting container 15. Separating the husks and other particles of cobs from the kernel is partially performed already in the area between the threshing means 11, 13, which is then completed in the area above the fine screen 14 i.e. below the rough screen 12.
  • One of possible methods of splitting the kernel from the said waste is separation by using appropriate air-flow, which may e.g. be obtained by appropriate ventilator, which is not shown in the drawing, but may be driven by means of the said transmission unit 3, also in this case either via the driving unit 5 of the collector 7 or directly.
  • the said air-flow is directed opposite with respect to the harvester driving direction, and by dropping the kernel together with husks and particles of the cobs from the rough screen 12 onto the fine screen 14, everything except the kernel is removed due to such blowing.
  • the external conveyer 16', 16" of the peeling unit 9 there is a difference between the external conveyer 16', 16" of the peeling unit 9 and a thresher 8, which is however in common not necessary.
  • the conveyer 16' of the peeling unit 9 according to Fig. 3 is namely in this particular case adapted for transporting crucial particles like cobs, while the conveyer 16" according to Fig. 5 serves merely for transporting small particles like kernel.
  • the external conveyers 16', 16" might be unified in such a way, that each of them would enable transporting either/both crucial particles or/and small particles, whereupon by removing the peeling unit 9 or a thresher 8 removing of such conveyer 16', 16" would not be necessary at all.
  • the maize may only be peeled its early ripe-stage and not also threshed.
  • a mobile chassis 1 with the belonging collecting container 15 may be used for mounting a peeling unit 9 thereon, together with the belonging external conveyer 16', which during harvesting serves for transporting peeled cobs from the peeling unit 9 into the collecting container 15.
  • the said peeling unit 9 is removed from the chassis 1, whereupon the thresher 8 maybe placed onto the same chassis 1.
  • the external conveyer 16', 16" may also be replaced, while the other parts including the collecting container 15 may stay in their place and remain completely unchanged.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Outside Dividers And Delivering Mechanisms For Harvesters (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

L'objectif de la présente invention est de mettre au point un dispositif de moissonnage de maïs simple qui peut être tracté par un tracteur et permet d'obtenir un taux d'exploitation plus élevé que les dispositifs connus jusqu'à présent. La moissonneuse selon cette invention est constituée d'un châssis mobile (1) qui comprend un raccord adéquat (2) permettant le raccord à un tracteur, un conteneur de collecte (15), ainsi qu'un nombre souhaité d'unités détacheuses (6', 6'') à côté desquelles se trouve un collecteur (7) qui sert à collecter les rafles de maïs lorsqu'elles sont détachées des chaumes de maïs et dont l'unité d'entraînement (5) est entraînée au moyen d'une transmission adéquate (3) se trouvant sur le châssis (1) et conçue pour être raccordée à l'arbre d'entraînement d'un tracteur. Selon cette invention, le châssis mobile (1) est conçu pour que l'on y raccorde alternativement une unité d'épluchage (9) ou une batteuse (8). Le taux d'exploitation de la moissonneuse est ainsi nettement augmenté puisque la moissonneuse peut être utilisée à la fois pour moissonner le maïs lors du stade de maturité précoce, afin d'obtenir des rafles de maïs correctement épluchées, et également, sur la base d'une simple modification, lors de la saison suivante d'un stade de maturité final du maïs, afin d'obtenir exclusivement le grain avec une teneur en humidité relativement faible.
PCT/SI2004/000017 2003-04-08 2004-04-05 Moissonneuse a mais Ceased WO2004089060A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SIP-200300089 2003-04-08
SI200300089A SI21441A (sl) 2003-04-08 2003-04-08 Naprava za obiranje koruze

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004089060A1 true WO2004089060A1 (fr) 2004-10-21

Family

ID=33157560

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SI2004/000017 Ceased WO2004089060A1 (fr) 2003-04-08 2004-04-05 Moissonneuse a mais

Country Status (2)

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SI (1) SI21441A (fr)
WO (1) WO2004089060A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101855963A (zh) * 2010-06-08 2010-10-13 洛阳中收机械装备有限公司 玉米剥皮机偏心清草辊
CN103814703A (zh) * 2014-02-18 2014-05-28 安徽农业大学 一种小型全自动玉米剥皮脱粒碎棒一体机
CN108029328A (zh) * 2018-01-29 2018-05-15 中国农业大学 一种玉米籽粒直收装置
CN110896736A (zh) * 2019-12-14 2020-03-24 洛阳福格森机械装备有限公司 一种玉米收获输送装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB984356A (en) * 1960-06-24 1965-02-24 Braud Ets A maize harvester
GB1009790A (en) * 1962-03-01 1965-11-10 Ets Rivierre Casalis Improvements in maize harvesters
US3425194A (en) * 1965-10-20 1969-02-04 Avco Corp Self-propelled implement assemblies
US3772861A (en) * 1972-03-02 1973-11-20 Avco Corp Corn harvester with improved ear distribution
FR2452863A1 (fr) * 1979-04-05 1980-10-31 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Machine a recolter servant a la production d'aliments pour le betail a base d'epis de mais
FR2516343A1 (fr) * 1981-11-18 1983-05-20 Sip Strojna Ind Sempeter Moissonneuse de mais
US5453051A (en) * 1993-12-20 1995-09-26 Schlough; Stuart E. Corn cob mill

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB984356A (en) * 1960-06-24 1965-02-24 Braud Ets A maize harvester
GB1009790A (en) * 1962-03-01 1965-11-10 Ets Rivierre Casalis Improvements in maize harvesters
US3425194A (en) * 1965-10-20 1969-02-04 Avco Corp Self-propelled implement assemblies
US3772861A (en) * 1972-03-02 1973-11-20 Avco Corp Corn harvester with improved ear distribution
FR2452863A1 (fr) * 1979-04-05 1980-10-31 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Machine a recolter servant a la production d'aliments pour le betail a base d'epis de mais
FR2516343A1 (fr) * 1981-11-18 1983-05-20 Sip Strojna Ind Sempeter Moissonneuse de mais
US5453051A (en) * 1993-12-20 1995-09-26 Schlough; Stuart E. Corn cob mill

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101855963A (zh) * 2010-06-08 2010-10-13 洛阳中收机械装备有限公司 玉米剥皮机偏心清草辊
CN103814703A (zh) * 2014-02-18 2014-05-28 安徽农业大学 一种小型全自动玉米剥皮脱粒碎棒一体机
CN103814703B (zh) * 2014-02-18 2016-06-08 安徽农业大学 一种小型全自动玉米剥皮脱粒碎棒一体机
CN108029328A (zh) * 2018-01-29 2018-05-15 中国农业大学 一种玉米籽粒直收装置
CN108029328B (zh) * 2018-01-29 2023-09-22 中国农业大学 一种玉米籽粒直收装置
CN110896736A (zh) * 2019-12-14 2020-03-24 洛阳福格森机械装备有限公司 一种玉米收获输送装置

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