RU2849770C1 - Decorative brick production line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: plaster and concrete products.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the production of building and decorative products made of plaster and concrete using the vibration casting method. The decorative brick production line is mounted on a metal frame with a floor levelling adjustment system, equipped with a control cabinet and contains the following devices installed in technological sequence: a device for mixing the components of the mixture, designed to feed into it: a) dry working mixture from a storage hopper consisting of two sections for different initial building mixtures, a screw conveyor and a dosing device; b) water from a tank with a water heating system and a water dosing device; and c) construction additives from a storage device with containers for colouring pigment and plasticiser and a dosing device; with the possibility of further feeding the prepared working mixture into a pouring device for pouring the finished mixture into moulds fixed on a belt conveyor with the possibility of forward movement, which are moved to a vibrating table for uniform distribution of the finished mixture, followed by levelling of the mixture in the moulds with levelling spatulas, turning the moulds over to drop the finished products onto a receiving table, with further movement of the finished products to a pull-out table for temporary storage; and also contains canisters with soap solution and irrigation nozzles for the possibility of irrigating the inner surface of the moulds to prevent sticking, and canisters with water for rinsing the containers of the mixing device and the filling device through the irrigation nozzles.

EFFECT: expansion of the range of products manufactured in a single work cycle due to the possibility of placing moulds of various configurations on the line, as well as the possibility of obtaining coloured products taking into account the specified settings for colour parameters.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Field of technology

The invention relates to the production of construction and decorative products from gypsum and concrete using the vibration casting method.

State of the art

The "Conveyor Line for the Manufacture of Small-Piece Concrete Products" (RU Patent 2000200) features a roller conveyor mounted on a support frame, along which a vibratory press and equipment are installed in the following sequence: for molding, pallet accumulation, and immediate pallet stripping, in the form of a ramp with inclined ascending guides. The need to strip pallets and their accumulation complicates the concrete product manufacturing process.

A "Molding and Extrusion Apparatus" (US Patent 4,090,827) is known. According to the invention, the device for implementing this method includes a hopper for the working mixture, having an outlet at the lower end. A mechanical vibrator is located above or below said outlet. The working mixture is vibrated before being poured into molds. This factor can be considered a drawback, as this technology does not eliminate residual air pockets within the finished product.

The "Device for Preparing High-Strength Unfired Material for Architectural Decor" (patent CN 202656283) is designed to produce products from a mixture of quartz sand, cement, hardeners, and resin. Long curing times, the need to demold the molds, and the accumulation of molds complicate the process of producing architectural decor.

The prototype chosen was the "Online Production Equipment for Relief-Grade Gypsum Plaster Ceilings" (Patent CN 204160620), which mixes gypsum powder with fiberglass to enhance its strength. The line consists of a gypsum powder storage bin, a measuring and unloading device, a gypsum powder mixing unit, a fiberglass mixing unit, a vibrating platform, molding rollers, and a water tank. The gypsum powder is mixed with water, unloaded into a mold on the vibrating platform, fiberglass is added, and the fiberglass mixing device is activated within the mold along with the gypsum slurry. The result is a long strip of relief-gray ceiling products. The line is designed to produce long products in a single work cycle using only one mold.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

The objective of the present invention is to create a line for producing decorative items of various colours from rapidly hardening mixtures using the vibration casting method, as well as to expand the range of products manufactured in a single work cycle.

The stated problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by a line for the production of decorative bricks, mounted on a metal frame with a system for adjusting floor leveling, equipped with a control cabinet and containing, installed in the technological sequence: a device for mixing the components of the mixture, intended for feeding into it: a) - a dry working mixture from a storage bin consisting of two sections for different initial building mixtures, a screw and a dosing device; b) - water from a tank with a water heating system and a dosing device for feeding water; and c) - building additives from a storage device with tanks for a coloring pigment and for a plasticizer and a dosing device; with the possibility of further feeding the prepared working mixture into a pouring device for pouring the finished mixture into moulds fixed on a belt conveyor with the possibility of moving forward, moved onto a vibrating table for uniform distribution of the finished mixture, followed by leveling of the mixture in the moulds with spatulas of the leveller, turning over of the moulds for dropping of the finished products onto the receiving table with the subsequent movement of the finished products onto a sliding table for their temporary storage; and also containing canisters with a soap solution and irrigation nozzles for the possibility of irrigation of the inner surface of the moulds to prevent sticking and canisters with water for rinsing the containers of the mixing device and the pouring device through irrigation nozzles, and also by the fact that the device for mixing the components is equipped with a whisk, and also by the fact that the device for mixing the components, the vibrating table, the accumulating device for additives, the sliding table and the leveller of the working mixture are equipped with drives.

Implementation

The claimed solution is shown in Fig. 1-4.

The decorative brick production line consists of:

1 Metal frame

2 Storage bunker

3 Storage device for additives

4 Mixing device

5 Filling device

6 Belt conveyor

7 Vibrating table

8 Form

9 Working mixture leveler

10 Reception table

11 Pull-out table

12 Canister with soap solution

13 Canister with water

14 Irrigation nozzles

15 Drain cuvette

16 Water tank

17 Control cabinet

18 Cable bus

19 Drain tray

All structural units of the line (Fig. 1) are mounted on a metal frame 1 with a system for adjusting floor leveling.

Storage bin 2 consists of two sections for various construction mixtures, an auger and a dosing device.

The water tank 16 includes a water supply dosing device and a water heating system.

The storage device for additives 3 includes a container for pigment, a container for plasticizer, and a dosing device.

The mixing device 4 is equipped with a whisk.

The pouring device 5 consists of a movable structure that allows movement above the belt conveyor 6, a pouring tray, a receiving tray, a drive for movement, a drive for pouring, and a device for setting the pouring length.

The mixing device 4, the vibrating table 7, the accumulating device for additives 3, the sliding table 11, the leveler of the working mixture 9 are equipped with drives.

Forms 8 are rigidly fixed on belt conveyor 6.

When producing decorative bricks, slates, and decorative elements from gypsum, dry gypsum is placed in storage bin 2.

When producing decorative bricks, slates, and decorative elements from a sand-cement mixture, cement is placed in the upper compartment of storage bin 2, and sand in the lower compartment.

After selecting a recipe, a command from control cabinet 17 forces a measured amount of water from water tank 16. According to the selected option, the corresponding additives are simultaneously fed from the pigment and modifier tanks via the dosing device to mixing device 4 from additive storage unit 3. The dry mixture is then fed from storage bin 2 via the dosing device to mixing device 4.

After the mixing process is complete, mixing device 4 is inverted, and the finished mixture flows into pouring device 5, which moves along belt conveyor 6 with molds 8 attached to it, filling them with the working mixture (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4). After filling the molds 8, pouring device 5 returns to its original position. To evenly distribute the finished mixture among the molds, vibration mode is activated on vibrating table 7. After vibration manipulation, the spatulas of the working mixture leveler 9 level the surface of the molds 8. Once the mixture is leveled, the hardening process of the material in the molds 8 occurs.

After pouring, the pouring device 5 returns to its original position and the process of cleaning the molds 8 begins.

Once the mixture has hardened, the molding process begins. Conveyor belt 6, with molds 8 positioned on it, begins moving forward. While the molds 8 are turning, the finished products fall onto receiving table 10, which, to smoothly receive the products, is driven simultaneously with conveyor belt 6. For temporary storage, the finished products are transferred from receiving table 10 to sliding table 11.

After the finished products have been unmolded onto the sliding table 11, the process of cleaning the molds 8 begins. For this purpose, during the return of the conveyor belt 6 to its original position, the molds 8 are treated with a soap solution through the spray nozzles 14 from a canister with a soap solution to prevent the finished products from sticking to the molds 8.

Water is supplied to the mixing device container 4 for rinsing the whisk and the mixing device container 4 itself. Once full, the water is drained into the drain tray 19 and from there into the drain cuvette 15.

To clean the container of the dispensing device 5, water is supplied from a water canister 13, located near the storage bin 2, through irrigation nozzles 14, fixed on the frame near the dispensing device 5. After which, the waste water flows into a drain tray 19 and from there into a drain cuvette 15. A tap for draining the waste water into a bucket is mounted in the drain cuvette 15.

The process of cleaning the containers is repeated.

The decorative brick production line operates automatically, for which an automated control system was developed. The operator's tasks include loading the storage bin 2 with raw material, loading the additive storage unit 3, pouring water into the water canister 13, filling the water tank 16, and filling the soap solution canister 12. The operator also organizes the subsequent unloading of finished products from the sliding table 11 into the warehouse.

If necessary, molds 8 for various product types can be placed on conveyor belt 5. This expands the range of products produced in a single work cycle.

The presence of a pigment container in the additive storage device 3 allows for the production of colored products taking into account the specified color parameter settings.

The decorative brick production line was designed, built and put into industrial operation.

Claims (3)

1. A line for the production of decorative bricks, mounted on a metal frame with a system for adjusting floor leveling, equipped with a control cabinet and containing, installed in the process sequence: a device for mixing the components of the mixture, designed to feed into it: a) a dry working mixture from a storage bin consisting of two sections for different initial construction mixtures, a screw and a dosing device; b) water from a tank with a water heating system and a dosing device for feeding water; and c) construction additives from a storage device with tanks for coloring pigment and for a plasticizer and a dosing device; with the possibility of further feeding the prepared working mixture into a pouring device for pouring the finished mixture into moulds secured on a forward-moving belt conveyor, which are moved onto a vibrating table for uniform distribution of the finished mixture, followed by levelling of the mixture in the moulds with the spatulas of the leveller, turning over the moulds for the finished products to fall out onto the receiving table with the subsequent movement of the finished products onto a sliding table for their temporary storage; and also containing canisters with a soap solution and irrigation nozzles for the possibility of irrigation of the inner surface of the moulds to prevent sticking, and canisters with water for rinsing the containers of the mixing device and the pouring device through the irrigation nozzles. 2. A line for the production of decorative bricks according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the device for mixing the components is equipped with a whisk. 3. A line for the production of decorative bricks according to paragraph 1 or 2, characterized in that the device for mixing components, the vibrating table, the accumulating device for additives, the sliding table and the leveler for the working mixture are equipped with drives.