RU2847595C1 - Method of treating associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to veterinary science, namely to methods of treating associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves. Method of treating associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases of calves involves adding a preparation based on a sterile culture fluid obtained by culturing a fungus Trametes pubescens (strain 0663), first on a standard solid nutrient medium, and then on a liquid nutrient medium containing, g/l: monosubstituted potassium phosphate 1.88; potassium chloride 0.94; magnesium sulphite 0.94; sucrose 40.00; microcrystalline cellulose 12.50; enzymatic peptone 12.50; sodium selenite 0.003; zinc sulphate 1.0; glycerine 0.5, into milk for feeding in dose of 0.75–1.2 ml per 1 kg of animal's live weight for 4–5 days, once a day.

EFFECT: what is disclosed is a method of treating associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves.

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Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, namely, to preparations and methods for treating associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases of calves.

There are known preparations and methods for treating gastrointestinal diseases of calves using probiotic preparations, which have the ability not only to normalize the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract, but also have immunostimulating activity. Probiotics are used to prevent stress, increase the survival rate of young animals and prevent digestive disorders. They are a good alternative to veterinary and feed antibiotics (Sverchkova N., Kolomiets E. Probiotic preparations for veterinary medicine and feed production // Science and Innovations. - 2016, No. 5, pp. 1-59, Pokhilenko V.D., Perelygin V.V. Probiotics based on spore-forming bacteria and their safety // Chemical and biological safety. - 2007, No. 2, pp. 20-41.).

However, these drugs have more of a preventative effect and as therapeutic drugs they are used only in combination with antimicrobial and antiviral agents.

There are known treatment methods in human and veterinary medicine using drugs with antimicrobial and immunostimulating effects and obtained on the basis of xylotrophic fungi of the genus Trametes (Chkhenkeli V.A. Ecological and biological justification for the use of the drug trametin in veterinary practice: monograph / V.A. Chkhenkeli, A.E. Kalinovich, N.A. Shkil. - Moscow: Pero, 2015. - 126; Chkhenkeli V.A., Romanova E.D., Vlasov B.Ya. Prevention of the negative impact of environmental factors on the body of young farm animals and poultry using the veterinary drug Trametin: monograph. - LAP Lambert Academic Publishing RU, Mauritius 2020. - 121p.; Chkhenkeli V.A. Latest generation drugs based on xylotrophic fungi of the genus Trametes: discovered effects, mechanisms of action and application: monograph / Chkhenkeli V.A. // - Moscow: Pero, 2014; Chkhenkeli V.A., Ulanskaya A.V. Salmonellosis as a biological factor in the ecotechnical system and its prevention using the veterinary drug "Trametin". Irkutsk: Irkutsk State University Publishing House. 2022. - 107 p.

A known method for treating gastrointestinal diseases in calves uses the drug Trametin, which is a sterile culture fluid obtained by culturing the fungus Trametes pubescens (strain 0663) on standard solid and liquid nutrient media, wherein the culture fluid is obtained by culturing the fungus Trametes pubescens (strain 0663) on a standard solid medium and a liquid nutrient medium with additionally included zinc sulfate and sodium selenite, followed by lyophilization. The drug is added to milk at a dose of 180-300 mg per 1 kg of live weight of the animal once a day for 4-5 days (Patent for Invention No. 2545986 // Bulletin of the Federal Institute of Industrial Property No. 10 dated 10.04.2015).

However, the drug used in this method has a rather low therapeutic effect, since it does not contain substances that increase its natural metabolic activity for synthesizing antimicrobial substances, due to which the therapeutic effect is achieved.

The closest solution adopted as a prototype is a drug and method for the prevention of associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases of calves (RF Regulation No. 2819785 of 05/24/2024, FIPS Bulletin No. 15 of 05/24/2024).

The drug used for the prevention of associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves is a sterile culture liquid obtained by culturing the fungus Trametes pubescens (strain 0663) on standard solid and liquid nutrient media with additional glycerol included in the amount of 0.5 g/l.

The addition of glycerin leads to an increase in the antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunostimulating and antiviral activity of the drug by increasing the content of fatty acids.

However, this drug has been used primarily for the prevention of associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves and there is no data on its therapeutic efficacy.

The objective of the invention is to expand the range of treatment methods for associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves using innovative, environmentally friendly drugs.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the method for treating associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases of calves, according to the invention, provides for the introduction of a preparation based on a sterile culture fluid obtained by culturing the fungus Trametes pubescens (strain 0663), first on a standard solid nutrient medium, and then on a liquid nutrient medium, including, g / l: potassium monobasic phosphate 1.88; potassium chloride 0.94; magnesium sulfite 0.94; sucrose 40.00; microcrystalline cellulose 12.50; enzymatic peptone 12.50; sodium selenite 0.003; zinc sulfate 1.0; 0.5 glycerin in milk for feeding at a dose of 0.75-1.2 ml per 1 kg of live weight of the animal for 4-5 days, 1 time per day.

The method is carried out as follows.

1. Obtaining a drug for the treatment of associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases of calves.

The drug we used (working name Trametin Plus) was obtained according to the method of V.A. Chkhenkeli et al. (RF Regulation No. 2819785 of 05/24/2024, FIPS Bulletin No. 15 of 05/24/2024).

The initial step in obtaining the preparation is maintaining the producer, i.e., a culture of the fungus Trametes pubescens (strain 0663), on a solid nutrient medium—wort agar. The seed is grown on standard solid Sabouraud nutrient medium, supplemented with microcrystalline cellulose, which activates the natural metabolic activity of the producer. The seed is then grown in a liquid nutrient medium. The following medium composition is used for the seed and fermentation, g/L:

Potassium phosphate monobasic 1.88 Potassium chloride 0.94 Magnesium sulfite 0.94 Sucrose 40.00 Microcrystalline cellulose 12.50 Enzymatic peptone 12.50 Sodium selenite 0.003 Zinc sulfate 1.0 Glycerin 0.5

pH 6.0±0.2

Glycerol was added to the nutrient medium in an amount of 0.5 g/l.

The seed was grown in Erlenmeyer flasks in a shaker incubator at 220 rpm and a temperature of 28-30°C for 4 days. The seed was added to the fermentation medium at a rate of 5-10% by volume.

Fermentation was carried out for 4-5 days at 220 rpm and a temperature of 28-30°C.

Examples of implementing the method.

Example 1.

To determine the therapeutic properties of the test drug Trametin Plus, 64 sick calves of the black-and-white breed, aged 20 to 30 days, were selected from a farm with a history of acute respiratory diseases in calves and divided into 8 groups of 8 animals (Table 1).

Sick calves were found to have associated respiratory infections. Animals exhibited lethargy, loss of appetite, heavy, deep breathing, and nasal discharge. Coughs ranged from dry and harsh to wet and weak, and breathing ranged from harsh, labored, and wheezing. The calves' temperatures rose to 42°C. Edema of the upper respiratory tract and hypoxia were observed. Virological testing of biomaterial samples from these animals revealed pathogens causing infectious diseases such as parainfluenza-3, adenovirus infection, and bovine viral diarrhea (a disease of the mucous membranes of cattle).

The first six groups were experimental, group seven was a control group using the prototype drug, and group eight was a control group (without the use of drugs). Calves in the experimental groups were given the drug in the following doses: 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, 0.9, and 1.2 ml per 1 kg of live weight until recovery. The calves were clinically observed for 4-5 days, with biochemical and hematological blood parameters determined, along with the preservation and dynamics of calf weight, phagocytic and bactericidal activity of the calves' blood (Tables 2-4).

The study results showed that the test drug reduced white blood cell counts, increased red blood cell counts, hemoglobin and protein levels, reduced serum urea levels in calves, and enhanced phagocytic and bactericidal activity. The drug also increased weight gain (Table 5).

When using the drug Trametin Plus for the treatment of associated respiratory diseases in young cattle at doses of 0.3-1.2 ml per 1 kg of live weight for 4-5 days, the effectiveness ranged from 75 to 100%.

Thus, the most optimal therapeutic doses of the drug were 0.75-1.2 ml per 1 kg of live weight of the animal once a day for 4-5 days, with the use of which the effectiveness of treatment and survival were 100.0%.

It is not advisable to use higher doses (>1.2 per 1 kg of live weight), and lower doses (<0.6 ml per 1 kg of live weight) may not be effective enough.

Example 2.

Scientific and production experience in the treatment of young cattle on farms in the Irkutsk region in agreement with the Veterinary Service of the Irkutsk region - at the MTK "Belskoye" of the agricultural enterprise PAO Belorechenskoye (Usolsky district), the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Experimental Station "Elita" of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Ekhirit - Bulagatsky district), OOO "Lugovoe" (Irkutsk district).

Associated viral respiratory infections were observed in sick calves on the farm. Associations were observed between infectious rhinotracheitis, respiratory syncytial infection, parainfluenza-3, salmonellosis, colibacillosis (Escherichiosis), and pasteurellosis.

For the experiment, 64 80-90 day-old black-and-white calves were selected and divided into 8 groups of 8 heads (Table 6).

Sick animals were divided into groups: the first 6 groups were experimental (Trametin Plus) and 7 (Trametin), the 8th group was control.

Calves in the experimental groups were given the drug at the following doses: 0.3 to 1.2 ml per 1 kg of live weight until recovery. The calves were clinically observed for 4-5 days, with biochemical and hematological blood parameters assessed, including weight loss and dynamics, drug phagocytic activity, and blood bactericidal activity.

The use of Trametin Plus in doses of 0.3-0.6 ml per 1 kg of live weight for 4-5 days resulted in 87.5% treatment effectiveness, while 0.75-1.2 ml per 1 kg of live weight for 4-5 days proved to be the most effective – 100.0% (Table 6).

The results of the study of morphological, biochemical and other blood parameters of experimental animals are presented in Tables 7-10.

It has been shown that the drug reduces white blood cell counts, increases red blood cell counts, hemoglobin and protein levels, reduces serum urea levels in calves, and enhances phagocytic and bactericidal activity. It also increases weight gain.

Thus, the most optimal method for treating associated viral gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases of calves caused by viruses (viral diarrhea - a disease of the mucous membranes; rotavirus and coronavirus infection, infectious rhinotracheitis and respiratory syncytial infection, parainfluenza - 3, adenovirus infection) is the introduction of the drug into milk when feeding in doses from 0.75 to 1.2 ml per 1 kg of live weight of the animal once a day for 4-5 days.

The use of the proposed drug Trametin Plus and the method for treating associated infectious diseases of young cattle allows for increased animal safety in large livestock farms and expansion of the arsenal of drugs used to prevent associated viral and bacterial gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases of calves.

Claims (1)

A method for treating associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves, comprising introducing a preparation based on sterile culture fluid obtained by culturing the fungus Trametes pubescens (strain 0663), first on a standard solid nutrient medium, and then on a liquid nutrient medium containing, g/l: monobasic potassium phosphate 1.88; potassium chloride 0.94; magnesium sulfite 0.94; sucrose 40.00; microcrystalline cellulose 12.50; enzymatic peptone 12.50; sodium selenite 0.003; zinc sulfate 1.0; glycerol 0.5, into milk for feeding at a dose of 0.75-1.2 ml per 1 kg of live weight of the animal for 4-5 days, 1 time per day.