RU2712802C1 - Method for overweight correction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, psychophysiology and psychocorrection and can be used for correction of human body weight. That is followed by psychocorrectional sessions, namely at least ten full-time group sessions every three or four days. In the classroom, a mindset is consistently created to solve the problem; reducing psychological and emotional stress; forming a positive attitude to themselves, forming an understanding of the state of hunger and appetite; stable loss of appetite is formed; forming an image of a slender body; forming a state of awareness in case of irritation, aggression, apathy; forming skills of social interaction; forming permission generation of complex situations; self-control skills are fixed. Simultaneously, at least thirty sports lessons are conducted. Exercises include a combination of interval training, consisting of high-intensity and low-intensity training intervals and exercises aimed at prevention of abdominal cavity lowering. First 1–3 weeks are 10–15 minutes. once a day, then 2–3 times day for 15 minutes. During first 2–3 weeks, sports exercises are performed in a supine position on an inclined plane with an elevated abdominal cavity. Further, the exercises are performed in the sitting and standing positions, alternating with the restorative and respiratory exercises. At 5–7 weeks, corrective exercises are additionally introduced to form correct posture. Simultaneously with periodicity 2–3 times a week, at least twenty sessions of physiotherapy, including manual massage and vacuum massage, are performed.

EFFECT: method enables to obtain a stable result with reduction of weight ensured by using an optimal complex of measures.

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Description

          The invention relates to the field of medicine, psychophysiology and psychotherapy, and in particular to methods for correcting a person’s body weight

          There is a method of correcting the weight of a person, according to which a psychotherapeutic contract is concluded with the patient, requiring the patient to follow a rational diet, and a psychotherapy course is carried out, which includes at least four full-time group sessions with a total duration of 4 to 7 days, between which the patient performs independent work in absentia, using printed guidelines on the psychology and dietetics of rational eating behavior, as well as a follow-up meeting, at least 25 ducks since the beginning of the course. At each of the sessions, rational psychotherapy is carried out, and at the first session, target strategies for rational eating behavior are presented, at the next sessions, target eating behavior is supported and / or behavior that deviates from the target is corrected, and at the last session, they inspire confidence in the independent implementation of the target strategies. In the course of correspondence independent work in the first interval between the sessions, the positive effects of weight loss are updated, then the positive effects of overeating and overweight are updated and, finally, a list of alternative sources of pleasure that are not related to food intake is updated. In the first session, the problem of overweight with the patient’s personality is identified by the method of psychosynthesis, the first three sessions carry out indirect psychotherapy, which includes physiotherapy and suggesting to the patient that it helps to reduce weight. In the second and third sessions, the suggestion is supported by induction of an altered state of consciousness (ASC) through holotropic breathing, and in the second session, an aversion is additionally formed in relation to the imaginary product causing the neurotic attraction, and in the third - in relation to the real product causing the neurotic attraction, subject to further its use in the diet in the process of weight loss. In each of the sessions, at least once in combination with audiovisual stimulation (ABC), ASCs are induced by directed visualization, through relaxation and / or meditation. At the same time, at least one of these sessions fix previously presented suggestions and / or installations.

A disadvantage of the known solution is the insufficiently developed mechanism for fixing behavioral attitudes aimed at reducing the patient’s weight, as well as the lack of measures aimed at compensating for external negative manifestations of the consequences of the weight loss process, the manifestation of which can provoke negative consequences for the patient, including a return to weight gain. (The prototype is RF patent No. 2438728, IPC A61M 21, 06/18/2010.

        The technical result from the use of the claimed invention can be expressed in obtaining a sustainable result while reducing weight. The method allows to increase the effectiveness of treatment due to the use of an integrated approach, which together provides a reduction in the risk of disruption.

        The claimed result is achieved as follows.

        A method of correcting excess weight, according to which a course of psychotherapy is carried out, including

          - at least ten face-to-face group sessions with a frequency of once every three to four days, at which the mood to solve the problem is consistently created; reduce psychological and emotional stress; form a positive attitude towards yourself, form an understanding of the state of hunger and appetite; form a steady decrease in appetite; form the image of a slender body; form an awareness of the condition with irritation, aggression, apathy; form social interaction skills; form the development of solutions to difficult situations; reinforce self-regulation skills;

- at least thirty sports classes are simultaneously conducted, including a combination of interval training, consisting of high-intensity and low-intensity training intervals and exercises aimed at preventing prolapse of the abdominal organs. The first 1-3 weeks 10-15 minutes. once a day, then 2-3 times a day for 15 min., while in the first 2-3 weeks sports exercises are carried out in a prone position, on the back on an inclined plane with a raised abdominal cavity, then exercises are carried out in a sitting and standing position alternating them with general strengthening and breathing exercises; at 5-7 weeks, corrective exercises are additionally introduced to form correct posture;

           - simultaneously with a frequency of 2-3 times a week, at least twenty physiotherapy sessions are carried out, including manual massage and / or vacuum massage and / or ultrasound therapy.

At the first session of a course of psychotherapy, the concept of the problem of excess weight is formed, the mood is created to solve the problem. In the second session, reduce psychological and emotional stress, relax the muscles of the body. At the third session, they form a positive attitude towards themselves, correct maladaptive stereotypes of behavior, conduct suggestive therapy aimed at increasing self-esteem. At the fourth session, they form an understanding of the state of hunger and appetite, conduct suggestive therapy aimed at reducing the volume of the stomach. At the fifth session, a steady decrease in appetite is formed, suggestive therapy is carried out aimed at reducing the appetite. At the sixth session, they form the image of a slender body, new ways of behavior and interpersonal communication, an interest in achieving the goals. At the seventh session, they form an awareness of the state of irritation, aggression, apathy, form the skills of transformation of irritation, aggression, apathy into a readiness for constructive communication. At the eighth session, skills of social interaction and acceptance of changes in oneself are formed and consolidated. At the ninth session, they formulate the development of solutions to difficult situations, overcoming stress, overcoming disruptions in behavioral reactions. At the tenth session of the course of psychotherapy, they strengthen the skills of self-regulation, managing their psycho-emotional state by using words, mental images, controlling muscle tone and breathing.

           Sports activities include a combination of interval training, consisting of high-intensity and low-intensity training intervals aimed at preventing prolapse of the abdominal organs.

The complex of physiotherapy includes manual massage, vacuum massage. The complex physiotherapy may additionally include ultrasound therapy.

           The method of correction of excess weight consists of 3 parts: psychological, special sports training and physiotherapy. Patient groups are formed on the basis of testing to identify the causes of overweight. As a rule, the correction is carried out during 10 group sessions (10 trainings and 10 suggestions), 30 sports and 20 physiotherapy (10 massages / hydromassages, 10 vacuum procedures).

For the first time, a complex aimed at correcting excess body weight, combining psychocorrectional exercises, special sports training aimed at enhancing metabolism and preventing complications of weight loss, culminating in physical procedures, was proposed.

           Obesity is a special condition in which the body goes into the storage mode of adipose tissue. To get rid of obesity, it is necessary, firstly, to ensure that the patient can act for a long time in the described way, and secondly, to stimulate the body to part with excess adipose tissue, taking into account the prevention of possible weight loss complications.

           The method is as follows.

            The first session.

At the first meeting, they formulate the adoption of the problems of excess weight, its awareness, which is the starting point for achieving harmony, generate interest in working in a group, create a mood for work to reduce weight, and increase the activity of participants. There is a debunking of neurotic myths leading to a ban on emotions. The level of tension decreases, a sense of calm is formed, which will be further used for anchoring.

           The second session.

           At the second session, psychological and bodily stress created as a result of internal conflicts and psychological traumas, causing a reaction of emotional stress (stress) as a result of which the patient has developed a pathological habit of "seizing", is reduced. Food brings them a sense of emotional comfort and comfort ..- a decrease in psychological and bodily stress.

          Third session

          At the third session, an adequate self-esteem and a positive attitude towards oneself, “self-acceptance as it is”, an autonomous behavior style are created, the ability to take responsibility for one’s actions, decisions and use one’s own resources to solve one’s own problems is acquired. At this stage, the correction of maladaptive stereotypes of behavior and the acquisition of more free communication skills take place, and the ability to have fun increases. (an exercise is a look at oneself through the eyes of a person in love, suggestion aimed at strengthening one's self, increasing self-esteem).

          Fourth session

          At the fourth meeting, the principles of a healthy diet are explained, the methods of calculating the energy value of foods are taught, a calorie corridor of 1200-1400 kcal is recommended, the concepts of hunger and appetite are separated (separation of concepts, dietitian consultation, trance for working with the volume of the stomach)

            Fifth session.

           At the fifth meeting, calorie counting skills are fixed, familiarized with foods and exercises that reduce appetite, with the help of suggestions form an indifferent attitude to foods that cause a feeling of appetite (nutritionist advice, listing foods and exercises that reduce appetite, trans aimed at reducing feelings of appetite),

            Sixth session.

At the sixth session, desires are identified, goals and objectives are formed, a sequence of actions is developed, an image of harmony is formed, the level of resistance and protection in the process of interpersonal communication is reduced, new ways of behavior are formed in accordance with their own needs and goals; interest is formed to achieve the goal, correction of the mechanisms of mental adaptation, through the use of adapted personal and environmental resources (exercise - setting goals, exercise "Hero's Dream", a trance aimed at shaping the image of the body).

           Seventh Session.

           At the seventh meeting, participants are aware of strategies for interacting with others, learning the skills of constructive interaction. It recognizes its internal state in the dispute, the transformation of irritation, aggression and apathy into a willingness to communicate. The level of perception itself is expanding, patients are trained in reflection, exercise in the free expression of their own positive and negative emotions. (exercise - interaction, YES-NO, trance aimed at acceptance of changes).

           The eighth session.

           In this lesson, exercises are used, as a result of which one's own value is realized, a positive attitude towards oneself is developed, an emotional background is improved, ecological skills of social interaction and self-attitude are formed and consolidated (exercise - hello, my beloved, trance aimed at making changes).

           The ninth session.

           At the ninth meeting, patients learn the skills of trust in other people and take responsibility for themselves; the ability to cope with difficult situations and achieve the set results is developed, that is, skills that are relevant during breakdowns are developed. The patient at this stage is aware of their capabilities and limitations. Forms the attitude to difficult situations; increases the level of self-acceptance, acquires the skills of more free communication; develops behaviors associated with cooperation and overcoming difficulties, forms a responsibility for their actions. (exercise - get out of the circle, trance aimed at achieving the goal).

            Tenth Session

The tenth meeting is the final one, it teaches self-regulation skills, learns the actualization of emotional states through their facial expressions and bodily experiences. At this stage, the participants are taught to manage their psycho-emotional state, which is achieved through the influence of a person on himself with the help of words, mental images, control of muscle tone and breathing. This in turn entails sustainable adaptation in the environment, the search for and correction of maladaptive coping strategies and the development of skills for environmentally friendly responses to environmental influences.

           A set of physical exercises, in the amount of 30 lessons, aimed at enhancing metabolism and preventing complications with weight loss.

           The complex consisting of a combination of:

           - interval training (The basis of interval training are cycles that include high-intensity and low-intensity intervals). Training usually consists of 5-15 cycles. In addition, at the beginning and at the end of the workout, it is necessary to carry out a warm-up / hitch, which will prepare the body for high loads;

            - exercise therapy aimed at preventing prolapse of the abdominal organs

           - exercise therapy aimed at preventing prolapse of the abdominal organs.

           A set of special exercises for lowering the abdominal organs.

          1. I. p. - lying on your back, lifting your legs and lower body vertically upward (the head and upper body touching the floor), hands on the belt. At the same time, circular movements of the legs and lower body of the body clockwise and counterclockwise. Repeat 6 times in each direction. The pace is average. Breathing is free.

           2. I. p. - the same. To spread legs and to connect. Repeat 6-10 times. The pace is average. Breathing is free.

          3. I. p. - the same. Movement with straight legs without stopping - right forward, left back and vice versa. Repeat 6-10 times. The pace is average. Breathing is free.

           4. I. p. - the same. Cross movements with straight legs - right above, left below and vice versa (“scissors”). Repeat 6-10 times. The pace is average. Breathing is free.

          5. I. p. - the same. Bend the legs in the knee and hip joints, press to the stomach and return to and. n. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is slow. Breathing is free.

           We will talk about the prolapse of the abdominal cavity, which is quite common. With this pathology, it is necessary to strengthen the muscle walls of the abdominal cavity, including the pelvic floor and diaphragm. With the help of gymnastic exercises, intra-abdominal pressure is increased, muscles and ligaments are strengthened, blood circulation of the abdominal organs improves, exerting an effect on secretory function in order to normalize the process of juice removal, tonic bowel walls and regulate its evacuation function.

In therapeutic gymnastics, exercises are used in various initial positions (lying, sitting, standing). In the first 2-3 weeks, exercises are carried out only in the supine position, on the back on an inclined plane with a raised leg end of the couch or, on the back with a roller 20-30 cm high under the lumbar spine. In this position, the abdominal organs, occupying a higher position, return to their places. Then, along with the supine position, exercises are carried out in the initial positions of sitting and standing. Special exercises for the abdominal muscles and the pelvic floor alternate with general strengthening and breathing exercises. At week 5-7, along with strengthening the abdominal muscles, attention should be paid to corrective exercises to form correct posture, since the location of internal organs depends on it. Exercises are performed at a calm pace, without jerking and sudden movements. Include exercises with pronounced muscle effort. Exclude exercises for the abdominals in the supine position with fixed legs, as well as movements that cause shaking of the body (jumps, jumps). Along with gymnastics, abdominal massage and self-massage are recommended. Self-massage of the abdomen is carried out in the supine position with bent legs, the movement of the hands is clockwise.

           After classes, physical exercises, patients should rest lying with a raised leg end of the couch to ensure that the abdominal organs in a normal position for 15-20 minutes. The duration of the procedure is the first 1-3 weeks, 10-15 minutes. once a day, in the following months, 2-3 times a day for 15 minutes. The best time for classes is 1-2 hours after eating. The course of treatment is from 3 months to a year or more.

           1. Initial position (I.p.) lying on your back, under the lumbar spine, a roller 20-30 cm high, under the head there is a small pillow, one arm on the chest, the other on the stomach. Diaphragmatic breathing. The exhalation is somewhat elongated with the retraction of the abdomen. Repeat 4 times.

           2. I.p. - the same, a hand along the body. Alternately raising straight legs. The breath is arbitrary. Repeat 4 times with each foot.

           3. I.p. - the same, arms along the body, legs bent at the knees. Raise the pelvis, resting on the feet, elbows, back of the head, forming a "semi-bridge". The pace is slow. Watch your breath. Repeat 4 times.

          4. I.p. same, arms along the torso. Take a breath Bend the right leg in the knee and pull it with your hands to the stomach on the exhale. Same thing with the left foot. Do rhythmically at an average pace. Repeat 4 times.

           5. I.p. - lying on the right side, the right hand under the head, the left along the torso. At the same time take up the left arm and left leg. The same on the left side. The pace is average. Repeat 3-4 times with each foot.

            6. I.p. - emphasis, kneeling. Without moving your arms and legs together, sit on your heels, lower your chest, moving forward, return to the starting position. Repeat 4 times.

7. I.p. also. Take a breath Raise the left leg and right arm upward, arching in the lower back, exhale. The same with the other hand and foot. The breath is arbitrary. Repeat 4 times.

          8. I.p. - lying on your back, arms along the torso. As you exhale, raise both legs. The breath is arbitrary. Repeat 4 times.

           9. I.p. - also. Imitation of the movements of a cyclist. Doing exhalation. Repeat 4 times.

          10. I.p. - also. Raising and lowering hands. The pace is average. Repeat 4 times.

          11. I.p. - also. Raise bent legs towards you and to the right as you exhale. Same with turning left. The pace is average. Repeat 4 times in each direction.

          12. I.p. - also. As you exhale, pull both legs to your stomach with your hands. The pace is slow. Repeat 6-8 times.

          13. I.p. - lying with support on the elbows. To spread legs to the sides, to connect. Do not hold your breath. Repeat 8-10 times.

          14. I.p. also. Imitation of walking. Do not hold your breath. Take 10 steps.

          15. I.p. also. Rotate with two legs left and right. Do not hold your breath. Make 4 circles in each direction.

         STANDING

         16. I.p. - standing. Walking in a place with high hips. Do not hold your breath. Walk from 30 seconds to 1 minute.

         17. I.p. - standing. Raising hands while simultaneously moving the leg back. Raising your hands - inhale, lowering - exhale. Repeat 4 times with each foot,

        18. I.p. - standing. A wave of the arms to the sides with the abduction of the legs to the sides to a horizontal position. Raising your hands - inhale, lowering - exhale. Repeat 4 times with each foot.

         19. I.p. - standing, holding on to the back of a chair. Take your arms up, leg back, then, raising your hand and making a wave of the foot, touch it with your fingers. Raising your hands - inhale, lowering - exhale. Repeat 4 times with each foot.

          20. I.p. - sitting on a chair with his hands resting on a chair. Take a breath On exhalation, lifting the body, bend in an arc. The pace is average. Repeat 4 times.

          21. I.p. also. Take a breath On exhalation, transfer the leg through the back of the chair in front. The pace is average. Repeat 4 times with each foot.

           22. I.p. - also. Take a breath As you exhale, raise your bent legs to your stomach. The pace is average. Repeat 4-8 times.

23. I.p. - emphasis, kneeling. Bend your arms, touch the chest of the floor, at the same time raise your leg up, straightening it. Same with the other foot. Do not hold your breath. Repeat 4-8 times.

           24. I. p. - lying on his back, one arm on his chest, the other on his stomach. Diaphragmatic breathing. The exhalation is somewhat elongated with the retraction of the abdomen. Repeat 4 times).

            A set of physiotherapy procedures aimed at correcting the manifestations accompanying weight loss and reducing body volume includes:

           - manual massage \ hydromassage 10 procedures;

           - vacuum massage of 10 procedures;

           - ultrasound therapy (if necessary).

           Preferred complex algorithm:

           1 - psychocorrectional classes (10 lessons) 3 times a week;

           2 - a set of physical exercises (30) classes 3 times a week;

           3 - a complex of physiotherapy - 2-3 times a week.

          this complex allows achieving weight loss of 3-5 kg per month, with the prevention of undesirable consequences of weight loss and the correction of the cosmetic part of the weight loss process. The sequence at the 8th psycho-correctional meeting begins to join a set of training sessions, at the 20th training session a complex of physiotherapy procedures joins.

           The duration of the sessions is 2 hours, the interval is 3 times a week.

          The need to use additional exercise therapy for weight loss is due to a change in the so-called postural balance of the body, as during weight loss processes:

          - the deep muscles of the spine weaken, because the balance of the spinal column was caused not only by muscles, but also by adipose tissue. Adipose tissue is gone, but muscle has not yet strengthened. With the help of physical exercises, the deep muscles of the spinal column are toned and its balance is normalized;

          - In people who are overweight, as a rule, ligaments of internal organs are stretched (kidneys, liver, pancreas, internal genital organs). During weight loss using exercise therapy exercises, the ligaments are brought into a state of equilibrium and normalization;

          - to balance the internal pressure of the body cavities, methods for harmonizing the diaphragm are used;

          - The same technique is necessary for the active elimination of the decay of adipose tissue.

Table 1 shows the results of the implementation of the method on the example of the deterioration of the body mass index (BMI).

Claims (5)

1. A method of correcting excess weight, according to which the following measures are jointly used: - psychocorrectional classes, which include at least ten full-time group sessions with a frequency of once every three to four days, which consistently create the mood to solve the problem; reduce psychological and emotional stress; form a positive attitude towards yourself, form an understanding of the state of hunger and appetite; form a steady decrease in appetite; form the image of a slender body; form an awareness of the condition with irritation, aggression, apathy; form social interaction skills; form the development of solutions to difficult situations; reinforce self-regulation skills; - at least thirty sports classes are conducted simultaneously, including a combination of interval training, consisting of high-intensity and low-intensity training intervals and exercises aimed at preventing prolapse of the abdominal organs, the first 1-3 weeks 10-15 min once a day, then 2-3 once a day for 15 minutes, while in the first 2-3 weeks sports exercises are carried out in a supine position on an inclined plane with a raised abdominal cavity, then exercises are performed in a sitting and standing position, alternating with restorative breathing and breathing exercises; at 5-7 weeks, corrective exercises are additionally introduced to form correct posture; - simultaneously with a frequency of 2-3 times a week, at least twenty sessions of physiotherapy are carried out, including manual massage and vacuum massage. 2. The method according to p. 1, according to which, simultaneously with the massage, ultrasound therapy is performed.