RU2706095C1 - Air-screen grinding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to issues of grain post-harvest treatment. Air-screen grain cleaning machine comprises a vibratory chute, a fractional pneumatic duct, an expansion section, a fan, compartments of the settling chamber, output channels, two parallel sieve loops – upper and lower ones, containing sorting with round holes of spiked sieve with longitudinal holes.

EFFECT: air-screen grain cleaning machine will allow simplifying the design, improving the quality of air-screen cleaning of grain, dividing the grain heap into fractions.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to issues of post-harvest grain cleaning.

Known air-sieve grain cleaning machine OZS-50/25/10, [Grain cleaner stationary OZS-50/25/10. Operation manual OZS-50/25/10 RE-Voronezh: OAO GSKB Zernoochistka, 2000], containing an input device, suction channels, a fan, a sedimentation chamber, an output device, four parallel tiers of a sieve mill with spike, sowing and sorting sieves.

The disadvantages of the known machine are the excessive complexity of the suction system, the absence of a fractionator to extract the seed from the cleaned grain, the use of sowing sieves, which degrades the effectiveness of sieve cleaning.

Known air-sieve grain cleaning machine (Pat. RU 2148442 C1 MPK V07V 4/02, A01F 12/44, 05/10/2000) containing an input device, suction channels, fan, sedimentary chambers, output channel, two parallel sieve mills with sorting, sowing and spike sieves (selected as a prototype).

The disadvantages are the excessive complexity of the suction system, the two-tier arrangement of the spike and sorting sieves, due to which the descent from the spike sieve enters the upper layers of the grain mixture on the sorting sieve, excluding active contact with it, which reduces the quality of the sieve cleaning and does not provide fractionation.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design, improve the quality of air-sieve cleaning of grain, the separation of the grain heap into fractions.

The goal is achieved in that the air-sieve grain cleaning machine containing an input device, an aspiration channel, a fan, a sedimentation chamber, output channels, two parallel sieve mills, according to the invention, the aspiration channel is made in the form of a fractional pneumatic channel with an expansion section, the input device is made in a vibratory tray, and the sedimentation chamber consists of two compartments: for fodder and for waste, while the sieve mills contain two identical sieve modules, including two sorting sieves with round mi holes of increased diameter and one spike sieve with longitudinal holes.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a structural and technological diagram of an air-sieve grain cleaning machine, FIG. 2 - node A.

The air-sieve grain cleaning machine contains a vibratory tray 1, a fractional pneumatic channel 2, an expansion section 3, a fan 4, compartments 5, 6 of the sedimentation chamber, outlet channels 7, 8, two parallel sieve mills - the upper 9 and lower 10, containing sorting 11, 12 s round holes of increased diameter and spike sieves 13, 14 with longitudinal holes.

Air-sieve grain cleaning machine operates as follows. The grain enters the vibratory tray 1, on which light impurities are released into the upper layer. Isolation of the light fraction occurs in the fractional pneumatic channel 2 with an increased air flow rate, when the light impurity and light grain fraction fall into the expansion section 3 of the pneumatic channel 2. In the expansion section 3, the air flow rate drops to critical, as a result of which the grain fraction settles on the lower wall of the pneumatic channel 2 and through the outlet channel 7 enters the upper sieve mill 9. Light impurity is carried away into the compartments of the sedimentation chamber 5, 6, where it is divided into fodder and waste. The heavy grain fraction purified in the pneumatic channel 2 through the outlet channel 8 enters the lower sieve mill 10. The upper sieve mill 9 consists of two identical modules that contain sequential sorting sieves with round holes of increased diameter 11 and spike sieves with longitudinal holes 13. Light fraction grain is cleaned of coarse impurities that are difficult to separate by spike sieves 13, of small and difficultly separated impurities fractions - by sorting sieves 11 and makes up the food grain fraction. The lower sieve mill 10 consists of two identical modules, which contain sequentially working sorting sieves with round holes of increased diameter 12 and spike sieves with longitudinal holes 14. The heavy grain fraction is cleaned of coarse impurities by spike sieves 14, and large impurities that are difficult to separate are separated by sorting sieves 12 and makes up the fraction of seeds.

Improving the quality of air-sieve cleaning of grain is achieved through: the use of fractional pneumatic channel 2 (RF Patent RU 2641726 C1, 01/22/2018), which allows you to select a light fraction of the air stream at an increased speed, and then divide it into the compartments of the sedimentary chamber 5, 6 into forage and waste fractions; the use of a vibratory tray 1 allows you to prepare the grain material so that light impurities enter the active layer before it enters the fractional pneumatic channel 2, and also allows you to evenly distribute the grain along the depth of the pneumatic channel, which further leads to its more uniform distribution over the width of the sieve mills 9, 10 Transferring the function of grain fractionation to the pneumatic channel 2 allows the use of only spike 13, 14 and sorting sieves 11, 12, which simplifies the design of the sieve mill; the use of identical modules with a single-tier arrangement of sorting 11, 12 and spike sieves 13, 14 improves the quality of the process, since a two-tier arrangement of spike 13, 14 and sorting 11, 12 sieves leads to the fact that the descent from the spike sieves 13, 14 does not get into the active a layer of sorting sieves 11, 12, which would reduce the quality of the sieve cleaning; the use of sorting sieves 11, 12 with round holes of increased diameter makes it possible to distinguish difficult to separate impurities.

Claims (1)

An air-sieve grain cleaning machine containing an input device, an aspiration channel, a fan, a sedimentary chamber, output channels, two parallel sieve mills, characterized in that the aspiration channel is made in the form of a fractional pneumatic channel with an expansion section, the input device is made in the form of a vibratory tray, and sedimentary the chamber consists of two compartments: for fodder and waste, while the sieve mills contain two identical sieve modules, including two sorting sieves with round holes and one spike sieve longitudinal holes.

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