RU2768007C1 - Modular drying and humidifying system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: drainage and irrigation melioration.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to drainage and irrigation melioration. Modular drainage and humidification system contains drains (1), second-order drainage collectors (2), closed combined first-order drainage collectors (3), main collector (4), control tanks in each module (5), combined pumping stations (6). The system provides for treatment facilities in front of the control tanks and an additional control tank (13) located below all modules. The tank (13) is used to accumulate the excess volume of drainage flow coming through the main collector (4) used for firefighting and fish farming purposes.

EFFECT: invention provides drainage of the territory during the wet period and moistening of crops during the dry growing season, increasing the reliability and efficiency of the use of water resources of the system.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to drainage and irrigation reclamation and can be used for the efficient use of water resources of the drainage-humidification system when draining and moistening reclaimed lands in a humid zone in low-slope (slope-free) areas.

Known drainage-humidification reclamation system (RU 2233075 C1, 12.02.2003) of a modular type, including a drainage water storage channel, a combined drainage-humidification network, conducting open channels with backwater-regulating structures, a closed drainage-humidification drainage and a mountain-trapping channel. The main canal is made in the form of cascaded canals-accumulators of drainage water, equipped with an automatic downstream water level regulator in the source part, and the upstream is connected to a branch channel equipped with an upstream water level regulator.

The reclamation module in this system consists of storage channels, which are part of the main canal, branch channels that simultaneously act as open collectors of the second order, upstream level regulators, downstream level regulators, closed collectors, closed drainage and humidification drainage and upland-trapping channel.

The disadvantage of this system is the insufficient volume of storage channels, which can lead to crop loss during dry periods, when there is no inflow of surface and ground water, and there is no provision for lowering salinity and cleaning the accumulated drainage flow from various pesticides.

Known combined drainage and humidification system of bilateral action (Handbook: Reclamation and water management Drainage / Edited by Academician of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences B.S. Maslov. - M .: "Association Ecost", 2001 - S. 344-345), built according to closed circuit, consisting of a combined pumping station, a storage pond, a sump, a flushing well with a drain riser with a valve (or with a level controller), drainage (or humidification) drains, manholes with control valves, an irrigation pipeline - a side collector, a supply pipeline - main manifold, flushing pipelines, adapter assemblies with twin check valves, distribution pipeline - side collector, fixed or mobile irrigation pipeline (either underground or surface irrigation pipeline), switching wells, hydrants and main pipeline. This system allows the use of drainage runoff to moisten the root layer of the soil during the growing season, allows irrigation of crops and high-performance flushing of closed drainage.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the large size of the reservoir for accumulating the entire volume of drainage flow required for moistening, and the remote location of the accumulating reservoir, which causes difficulties for the subsequent supply of water for moistening crops, moistening of neighboring modules with accumulated drainage flow is not provided.

Known drainage and humidification system (SU 1355664 A1, 11/30/1987)), adopted as a prototype, including a storage pond with water outlets for irrigation and a water inlet, temporary accumulation sites, dams, collectors, a control channel, control retaining structures, water outlets, a pipeline, a pumping station, humidifying water-carrying channels, a discharge channel, a water intake, a drainage and humidification network, a double-acting retaining structure connecting adjacent areas of temporary accumulation, as well as a water outlet. In this system, during the spring flood, the water runoff is pumped by the pumping station to the storage pond and to temporary accumulation areas to a predetermined level.

The runoff exceeding the volume of these structures, bypassing the areas of temporary accumulation, is discharged into the water intake. The accumulated water supply is stored until the completion of sowing work in the drained area. If it is necessary to irrigate agricultural crops, a water outlet is opened, and water is supplied to the drainage and humidification network and water charging is created under crops, GWL rises to the required level. After emptying the areas of temporary accumulation, the water outlet is closed, the soil is drained on the territory of these areas, and they are further used in the current year for growing late spring, tilled, vegetable and other crops.

The disadvantage of this system, for the conditions of the humid zone, is the use of a large area of the drained area for areas of temporary accumulation and the possibility of using it for growing late crops, which is not acceptable for these areas due to the short growing season.

The objective of the invention is to create a constructive solution for a modular drainage and humidification system with small control tanks and sprinkler irrigation, designed to ensure maximum use of water resources due to the coordinated removal and accumulation of drainage runoff during wet periods in the control tanks of each module and moistening drained lands during dry periods , the drainage and humidification network of which must be hydraulically linked and allow the use of the control tanks of each module both for draining the drainage runoff and for supplying water to humidify the neighboring module, as well as the accumulation of excess volume in an additional control tank, which prevents pollution of water bodies and allows to apply for the purposes of fire extinguishing and fish breeding.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to ensure the drainage of the territory during the wet period and the moistening of crops during the dry growing season, and increase the reliability and efficiency of the use of water resources of the system.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the device of a modular drainage and humidification system with control tanks, which involves the placement of crop rotation plots in the form of modules, characterized in that each of the modules in the center is equipped with a control tank for collecting, accumulating and redistributing water resources, occupied by no more than 5 % of the module area, with the volume necessary to moisten the grown crops during the dry growing season. The design of the modular dehumidification and humidification system is distinguished by the fact that there is an additional control tank located below all modules, which can be used to accumulate excess drainage flow from the main collector used for various purposes, including fire fighting and fish farming.

The modular dehumidifier system is illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. In FIG. 1 - modular drainage and humidification system with a six-field crop rotation. In FIG. 2 - modular dehumidifying and humidifying system with eight-field crop rotation.

The modular drainage and humidification system (Fig. 1, 2) includes the following elements: drains 1, drainage collectors of the second order 2, closed combined drainage collectors of the first order 3 connected to the main collector 4, control tanks of each module 5, a combined pumping station 6 for drainage runoff and water supply for humidification with a control center 7, a chemicalization unit 8, a water treatment unit 9, combined collectors of the first order are equipped with water outlets into the control tank 10 and wellhead structures with check valves 11, drum-type sprinkling machines 12, additional control tank 13, the main collector is equipped with valves 14. The boundaries of the modules are indicated by a dotted line with a double dot, the direction of water when draining the drainage flow is indicated by solid arrows, and when water is supplied for humidification, dashed. Consists of three modules with six crop rotation fields (Fig. 1) and four modules with eight crop rotation fields (Fig. 2). The number of modules can either decrease or increase.

Modular dehumidifier system works as follows.

During the wet period, drainage water from any of the modules through drains 1 and drainage collectors of the second 2 and combined drainage collectors of the first 3 orders through water outlets 10 enters the control tank (accumulator) of each module with the volume necessary to moisten a given crop rotation area, depending on the irrigation norms of cultivated crops, in this case, the regulating capacitance occupies no more than 5% of the module area. Excess drainage flow through closed combined collectors of the first order 3, after filling the control tanks 5, enters the main collector 4 and accumulates in the additional control tank 13. fish farming with the creation of additional necessary hydraulic structures. In the presence of pollution of the drainage flow, it is necessary to provide treatment facilities in front of the control tanks.

In the dry season, the fields of any of the modules are moistened by drum-type sprinkling machines 12, operating from a pressure network of combined drainage collectors of the first order 3, water to which is supplied by a combined pumping station 6, equipped with a control center 7, a chemicalization unit 8 and a water treatment unit 9 with closed return valves of wellhead structures 11 and closed valves 14. The number of sprinkling machines on the field depends on its area. If it is necessary to supply additional water for humidification by means of a mobile pumping station, it is supplied from an additional control tank.

The proposed modular dehumidification system can be used on any reclaimed areas by increasing or decreasing the number of modules.

Claims (1)

Modular drainage and humidification system, including drains, second-order drainage collectors, closed combined first-order drainage collectors, a main collector, control tanks in each module, combined pumping stations, characterized in that treatment facilities are provided in front of the control tanks and there is an additional control tank, located below all modules, which can be used to accumulate excess drainage flow from the main collector used for fire fighting and fish farming.

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