RU2609248C2 - Seed cleaning line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machines building, in particular, to grain and seed cleaning lines, and can be used for cleaning grain heap and for seed preparation. Seed cleaning line comprises a fractional two-aspirating air-and-screen cleaner with systems for pre-cleaning grain heap proposed from light-weight impurities and post-cleaning for separation of biologically defective corn seeds. Line is equipped with screen units with double-deck arrangement of screens and devices for discharge of fodder fraction’s fine impurities and full-value grains. Line also comprises an indented cylinder for separation of long impurities in an oat grain cleaner and short impurities – in a cockle grain cleaner, as well as bucket chains to feed the grain heap into the air-and-screen cleaner, indented cylinder and gravity table. Bucket chain in the upper head is equipped with a divider to feed the grain heap into the indented cylinder or gravity table.

EFFECT: reduced gain damage during postharvest treatment while achieving the required quality of cleaning.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to grain and seed cleaning lines, and can be used for cleaning grain heaps and seed preparation.

Known seed cleaning line, consisting of two successively installed air-sieve machines for primary and secondary cleaning of grain heap, indent block and pneumatic sorting table (patent No. 2340410 C2, A01F 12/44, 12/07/2006, 5 S.).

The disadvantage of this seed-cleaning line is the high level of seed injury due to the large number of mechanical impacts on the grains during the processing of the grain heap, due to the presence of two air-sieve machines in the production line, setting up a trie block and four elevators for feeding grain to each of the installed in the unit cars.

The technical result consists in reducing grain trauma during post-harvest processing by reducing the number of mechanical impacts on the grain when the required cleaning quality is achieved.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a seed line including a fractional air-sieve machine with systems for pre-sieve cleaning of a heap of grain from lightweight impurities and post-sieve - for isolating biologically defective grains, as well as sieve mills with a two-tier arrangement of sieves and devices for removing small weeds, fodder fraction and full grain, a trie block for highlighting long impurities in oatmeal and short ones in a puppet trier, as well as elevators for feeding grain heaps in the air-sieve machine indented block and pnevmostol, noria in the upper head is provided with a divider for supplying grain heap if appropriate in the indented block or pnevmostol.

The essence of the technical solution lies in the fact that instead of two air-sieve grain cleaning machines, one fractional two-suction machine is installed in the seed cleaning line and one noriya is excluded. The presence of a fractional two-aspiration air-sieve machine ensures the isolation of lightweight weeds in the pre-sieve aspiration, and then on the sowing sieve of small weeds with the release of all these components into the waste fraction. On the sorting sieves of the fractional machine, small biologically defective and crushed grains are allocated, which are released into the feed fraction. Full grains and some undetectable weeds and biologically defective grains are moved immediately from the sorting sieves and enter the post-sieve aspiration channel, where some of them are released and fed into the feed fraction. The remaining part of the grain heap enters the noriya, at the exit of which a divider is installed, which, depending on the composition of the heap, can feed it into the inlet block or pneumatic table. In the latter case, the trimer block and one noriya are excluded from the technological process, which provides a significant reduction in grain trauma during post-harvest processing.

The drawing shows a diagram of the seed line.

The seed cleaning line includes a filling pit 1, a fractional two-aspiration air-sieve machine 2, a pre-sieve suction channel 3, an upper tier sieve 4, 5, a sowing sieve 6, a sorting sieve 7, a post-sieve suction channel 8, a trier block 9, a divider 10, an air sorting table 11 , hoisting-and-transporting devices 12-14, a waste bin 15, a feed grain bin 16 and a pure grain bin 17.

The seed cleaning line works as follows: the initial grain mixture containing the kernels of the main crop and various weeds enters the heap pit 1 and then is fed with noria 12 to the fractional two-aspiration air-sieve machine 2, in which the air flow in the suction channel 3 separates light weeds. On a sieve mill with two tiers of sieves, large weeds are allocated in the upper tier of sieves 4, 5, and grain spills on the sowing sieve 6, where small weeds wake up with the separation of these components into a separate fraction. On the sorting sieves 7 of the fractional machine, small, biologically defective and crushed grains are distinguished, which are allocated to the feed fraction 16. Full grains, as well as some unselected weeds and biologically defective grains, are discharged immediately from the sorting sieves 7 and enter the post-sieve aspiration channel 8, where the latter partially stand out. The remaining part of the grain heap enters the noriya 13, at the output of which a divider 10 is installed, which, depending on the composition of the heap, can feed it to the trie block 9 or pneumatic table 11.

In the latter case, the trimer block 9 and one noriya 14 are excluded from the technological process, which helps to reduce the trauma of grain during post-harvest processing.

If there are weeds in the cleaned grain heap, the grain heap cleaned on triers is fed to the noriya 14, and then to the pneumatic sorting table 11.

Claims (1)

A seed-cleaning line, including a fractional air-sieve machine with systems for pre-sieve cleaning of a heap of grain from lightweight impurities and post-sieve - for separating biologically defective grains, as well as sieve mills with a two-tier arrangement of sieves and devices for removing small weeds, fodder fraction and full grain, triple a unit for isolating long impurities in oatmeal and short ones in a puppet trier, as well as elevators for feeding grain heaps into an air-sieve machine, a trier block, and nevmostol, characterized in that the noria in the upper head is equipped with a divider for feeding the grain heap, if necessary, in the trie block or in the pneumatic table.

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