RU2651332C1 - Machine for evaporation of manure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to equipment for separation of wastes fodder complexes in liquid and solid phases suitable for transportation to fields as fertilizers in a liquid or solid state, to food industry, for example, for dehydration of raw materials in production of pectin, liquid phase separation from manure during drying of manure. Machine for evaporation of manure contains a filter mounted on base, a charging device, discharging devices for withdrawing the liquid phase and thicken fraction. Filter is made in form of spiral shape of a hollow tunnel fixed on platform installed elastically on bed. Filter is rigidly fixed on a platform with a vibrator with a horizontal axis of rotation mounted horizontally under the platform parallel to longitudinal axis of the filter, and is made spiral hollow tunnel with multi entrance screw perforated surface along perimeter coiled along spiral axis 0₁-0₁ around central rectilinear axis 0₂-0₂ spiral filter, provided with helical grooves inside at an angle to its spiral axis in form of pockets of triangular shape placed alternately inside and outside its cross section, and assembled from sections in form of identical in shape and size rings, coiled from identical perforated strips where trapezoids are located, which lateral strings are located on lateral sides of rhomb-shaped perforated strip, and upper and lower bases of trapezium are located at acute angle to axis of symmetry of rhomb-shaped perforated strip 0₃-0₃ and are flexure lines located at distances from each other equal to length of the pockets of triangular shape along the inner surface of the hollow tunnel.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and expanded performance.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to equipment for separating waste feed systems in liquid and solid phases, suitable for transportation to the fields as fertilizers in liquid or solid state for dehydration of raw materials in the production of pectin, separation of the liquid phase from bulk materials during drying of materials .

A device for isolating the liquid phase from materials is an inertial thickener (RF patent No. 2469768, MKI B01D 33/27, publ. 2.12.2012, bull. No. 35), including an outer drum, inside which a screw insert is fixed, a filter made around the perimeter in the form of a multi-start screw perforated surface with screw perforated grooves inside and outside the filter at an angle of 5-45 ° to the axis of rotation of the filter in the form of perforated pockets of curvilinear shape with centers of curvature alternately located outside and inside the cross section the filter is mounted from one rolled into cylindrical coils, connected to each other along the longitudinal edges, of a perforated strip of the same width, bent in waves along the bend lines placed at an angle to its longitudinal edges with the formation of screw perforated surfaces directed to one side on the outer and inner surfaces of the filter in the form of pockets of curved shape on the outer and inner surfaces.

The disadvantages of the known design are insufficient productivity and limited technological capabilities.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for separating the liquid phase from materials (patent No. 2486942, class B01D 33/27, publ. 07/10/2013 Bull. No. 19), containing mounted on the base of the outer drum, inside which is fixed a screw insert , loading device, unloading devices for draining the filtrate and thickened fraction and a filter mounted from at least one rolled into cylindrical coils connected to each other along the longitudinal edges of a perforated strip bent at angled scrap to its longitudinal edges with fold lines, with the formation on the outer and inner surfaces of one-way helical lines and helical surfaces in the form of perforated pockets of a polygonal shape, the distance between the fold lines is equal to the length of each polygon element, while the perforated pockets along the inner surface may differ from the shape and size of the perforated pockets along the outer surface and around the perimeter of the drum can be different not only in size but also in shape.

The disadvantages of the known design are insufficient productivity and limited technological capabilities.

The technical solution to the problem is to increase productivity and expand the technological capabilities of the manure dewatering plant.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in the machine for manure dehydration containing a filter, loading device, discharge devices for draining the liquid phase and condensed fraction, the filter is made in the form of a spiral tunnel shape mounted on a platform mounted elastically on the bed, while the filter is rigidly fixed on a platform with a vibrator mounted horizontally below the platform parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter and made in the form of a spiral hollow tunnel with a multi-helical perforated screw a circumferential surface folded along a spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around a central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of a} spiral filter provided with helical grooves inside at an angle to its spiral axis in the form of triangular pockets arranged alternately inside and outside its cross section, and assembled from sections in the form of rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same perforated diamond-shaped strips, on which trapeziums are placed, the sides of which are located on the sides of the rhomboid perforated VOCs, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoids are arranged at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of diamond perforated strip ₃ -0 0 ₃ and fold lines are located at distances from each other equal to the length of the wave-shaped pockets along the inner surface of the hollow tunnel spiral shape, wherein sections in the form of rings are connected to each other by the lateral sides of the trapezoid.

According to the patent literature not found a technical solution similar to the claimed, which allows to judge the inventive step of the proposed design of the machine for dehydration of manure.

The novelty is that the installation of a vibrator under the base with filters provides a filter oscillation path along with manure in the form of a vertical ellipse, which provides an increase in the specific gravity of the total kinetic energy (E _n ) and increases the productivity of dehydration.

The novelty is that the spiral filter with a multi-start screw surface around the perimeter is equipped with screw grooves inside and outside at an angle to the spiral axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} hollow tunnel of a spiral shape with a central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ , which increases the performance of dewatering and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty lies in the fact that the spiral grooves of the spiral filter are made in the form of triangular-shaped pockets located inside and outside the cross section of the hollow tunnel, which expands technological capabilities and increases the performance of manure dewatering.

The novelty is seen in the fact that the spiral filter is assembled from sections in the form of rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same perforated diamond-shaped stripes, on which trapeziums are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped perforated strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the rhomboid strip is 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are fold lines located at distances from each other equal to the length of the pockets of a triangular shape along the inner surface of the hollow spiral tunnel filter, while sections in the form of rings are connected to each other by the lateral sides of the trapezoid, which increases the performance of manure dehydration.

The novelty of the proposal also lies in the fact that along the entire perimeter of the spiral filter, the passage section varies not only in shape but also in area, which provides alternate compression and expansion of manure flows in each section of the spiral filter, increases productivity and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that the trapezoid of the rhomboid perforated strips from which the sections are mounted are not only inclined to each other, but also to the axis of symmetry of the spiral filter, therefore, the degree of compression of the manure particles increases and the process of manure dehydration is intensified.

The novelty lies in the fact that the filter is made of sections, the walls of which are differently inclined not only to each other, but also to the direction of the rotational movement of the flows of manure particles moving under the influence of vibration in planes perpendicular to the filter's cross-section, this complicates the trajectory of their movement and increases dehydration intensity and expands technological capabilities.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a machine for dewatering manure, a general view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 - a visual image of a spiral filter with triangular pockets; in FIG. 4 - a visual representation of the relative position of the spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ , along which a hollow tunnel with a multiple helical surface is rolled around a central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ ; in FIG. 5 - one of the strips of a rhomboid perforated shape, on which trapezoids are placed, the upper and lower bases of which are located at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ in the form of fold lines; in FIG. 6 - a perforated strip of a rhomboid shape, bent along the fold lines - the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid; in FIG. 7 - one of the rhomboid perforated stripes, rolled into a ring.

The machine for manure dehydration (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) contains a filter 1, rigidly fixed to the platform 2, which is resiliently mounted on the base 4 using four rubber-cord cylinders 3. The loading device 5 is rigidly fixed to the platform 2 and also from below to the platform 2 rigidly attached vibrator 6 with a horizontal axis of rotation horizontally under the platform 2 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter.

The manure dewatering machine is equipped with an unloading device 7 for receiving the condensed fraction using slice 8 and unloading devices 9 and 10 for discharging the filtrate equipped with slides 11 and 12, mounted on the platform 2.

The vibrator 6 is mounted horizontally under the platform 2 and therefore provides the movement of manure inside the filter 1 under the influence of the vibrator 6 along elliptical trajectories.

The filter 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made spiral. In FIG. 4 shows a visual representation of the relative position of the axis of the spiral - the center of the axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} hollow spiral filter 1 (in Fig. 4, the spiral filter is shown with a cross section 42 of the hollow tunnel with a multi-helical surface and a central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral filter one).

Thus, around the perimeter, the spiral filter 1 is made in the form of a spiral-shaped tunnel with a multi-screw perforated screw around the perimeter and is equipped with screw grooves inside and outside, located at an angle α to the axis of symmetry of the spiral 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} center of the axis of symmetry (Fig. 3) spiral tunnel, coiled in a spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around the central axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral filter 1.

The helical grooves of the spiral filter 1 are made in the form of pockets 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 on the inner surface and pockets on the outer surface 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 of the spiral-shaped tunnel (Fig. 3) in the form of pockets triangular in shape, located inside and outside the cross section of the hollow tunnel, and assembled from sections in the form of rings of the same shape and size 25, connected to each other by the lateral sides 26 and 27.

As a result, a hollow tunnel is formed in the form of a spiral filter 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) with the axis of the spiral — the center of the axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} spiral filter 1, twisted around the central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral the drum 1 in diameter D _cp with the formation of the filter in the form of a hollow tunnel 1 with an outer diameter of D _max and an inner diameter of D _min (Fig. 4).

In this case, the hollow spiral filter 1 with a multi-helical perforated screw surface is provided with helical grooves in the form of triangular pockets 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 and triangular pockets 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 along the outer surface of the spiral filter 1 (Fig. 4).

Thus, a hollow perforated filter with its own spiral axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 is} rolled along this spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around the central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ and forms a spiral filter 1 (Fig. 4).

Section 25 is made in the form of a ring (Fig. 7), mounted from a diamond-shaped strip 28.

Trapezoid 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40 are placed on the diamond-shaped strip 28, the sides of which are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped strip 28, and the upper and lower bases of these trapezoids (Fig. 5) are located at an acute angle β to the axis of symmetry of the diamond-shaped strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are fold lines 41 (Fig. 5, Fig. 6) of triangular pockets (Fig. 7) of the spiral filter 1, made in the form of a hollow tunnel.

In FIG. 5 shows the trapezoid:

first trapezoid 29 with the upper base of AB;

second trapezoid 30;

third trapezoid 31;

fourth trapezoid 32;

fifth trapezoid 33;

sixth trapezoid 34 with the lower base of the VG.

In this case, AB is the smallest of all the upper bases of the trapezoid located on the diamond-shaped strip 28 below the fold line of the SH and the above three trapezes (first 29, second 30, third 31, fourth 32, fifth 33, sixth 34), and the SH is the largest of all the lower bases of the trapezoid 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34.

In FIG. 5 also shows the trapezoid:

seventh trapezoid 35 with the lower base of the VG;

eighth trapeze 36;

ninth trapeze 37;

tenth trapezoid 38;

eleventh trapezoid 39;

the twelfth trapezoid 40 with the upper base of the SD.

In this case, DM is the smallest base of all the upper bases of the trapezoid located on the rhomboid perforated strip 28 above the HF fold line, which for all trapezoids, in turn, is the largest of all the lower bases from the seventh trapezoid 35 to the twelfth trapezoid 40.

Thus, the fold line of the VG is not only the lower base of the trapezoid 34, but also the longest base of the trapezoid 35 and the longest of all the lower folds of the diamond-shaped perforated strip 28 and ring 25 (Fig. 7).

In this case, the fold lines AB and SD are the shortest of all the fold lines of the diamond-shaped perforated strip 28 and ring 25, with AB = SD.

The ratio of the length of the bending lines of the VG and AB (SD) determines the value of the spiral pitch 0 ₁ -0 ₁ , and therefore the pitch of winding the hollow tunnel around the straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of} spiral drum 1.

For example, in FIG. 5 fold lines L ₁ <L ₂ <L ₃ <L ₄ <L ₅ <L ₆ <L ₇ and L ₁₃ <L ₁₂ <L ₁₁ <L ₁₀ <L ₉ <L ₈ <L7.

The diamond-shaped perforated strip 28 is bent along the straight fold lines, which are the base of all twelve trapezoids and parallel to each other (Fig. 5 and Fig. 6).

Then, the perforated strip 28 is bent along the fold lines L ₂ , L ₃ , L ₄ , L ₅ , L ₆ , L ₇ , L ₈ , L ₉ , L ₁₀ , L ₁₁ L ₁₂ (Fig. 6) and then folds into a ring 25 (Fig. 7) with triangular pockets. Sections in the form of identical rings 25 are then connected to each other sequentially by the lateral sides 26 and 27 so that all fold lines are a continuation of the fold lines of the same ring of the previous ring.

Thus, the spiral filter 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made around the perimeter in the form of a multi-helical spiral perforated surface around the perimeter of the spiral filter 1 with helical grooves inside and outside the spiral filter 1 in the form of pockets of a triangular shape 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 on the inner surface and helical grooves on the outer surface 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 at an angle α to the spiral axis of the hollow tunnel of the spiral shape of the spiral filter 1.

Machine for dehydration of manure works as follows.

The disturbing force of the vibrator 6 through the walls of the platform 2 and the filter 1 is transmitted to the particles of manure inside the filter 1 and entering the filter 1 in a continuous stream through the loading device 5. The particles of manure rotate along vertical elliptical trajectories, during which the manure dehydration occurs. In this case, the manure particles not only interact intensively with each other, but also under the influence of vibration rotate in a plane perpendicular to the through section of the filter 1. Since the cross-sectional dimensions along the length of the filter 1, the shape and location change, the disturbance of the movement of the manure particles is aggravated , which in this case, interacting with the walls of the filter 1, move from loading to unloading. The presence of a filter 1 of screw surfaces around the perimeter of the filter 1 contributes not only to the complication of the trajectories of the movement of particles of manure, but also to the movement along the through section of the filter 1 towards the discharge side.

When the particles of manure move along the cross-section of the filter 1 due to changes in the cross-section in shape and size, compression and vacuum zones are alternately formed in each cross section of the filter 1 over its entire volume, which also intensifies the process of dehydration of manure and expands technological capabilities. The thickened fraction through the discharge window 41 is discharged using slice 8 to the discharge device 7. The liquid phase through the perforations of the filter 1 is discharged to the slides 11 and 12 to the discharge devices 9 and 10.

The technical and economic advantages of the machine for manure dehydration arise due to the implementation of a spiral-shaped filter with screw perforated surfaces in the form of triangular-shaped pockets, which ensures reduction in length, expansion of technological capabilities, increase in productivity and path (length) of movement of manure particles.

Technical and economic advantages also arise due to the installation of a vibrator horizontally below the platform with a filter and a change in the shape of the trajectory of the particles of dehydrated manure in the form of a vertical ellipse, which ensures an increase in the specific gravity of the total kinetic energy (En) and increases productivity.

Claims (1)

A manure dewatering machine comprising a filter mounted on the base, a loading device, discharge devices for draining the liquid phase and thickened fraction, characterized in that the filter is made in the form of a spiral form of a hollow tunnel mounted on a platform mounted elastically on a bed, while the filter is rigidly mounted on a platform with a vibrator with a horizontal axis of rotation mounted horizontally below the platform parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter, and made in the form of a spiral hollow onnelya multithread screw perforated surface around the perimeter of the folded spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around a central linear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ helical filter provided with helical grooves in an angle to its axis in a spiral form triangular shaped pockets disposed alternately inside and outside its cross section, and assembled from sections in the form of rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same perforated diamond-shaped stripes on which trapezium-shaped sections are placed, the sides of the cat ryh located on the sides of the rhomboid perforated strip and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoids are arranged at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of diamond perforated strip ₃ -0 0 ₃ and fold lines are located at distances from each other equal to the length of the pockets of the triangular shape of the inner surface a hollow tunnel of a spiral shape, while sections in the form of rings are connected to each other by the lateral sides of the trapezoid.

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