RU2591959C1 - Vibratory plant for dewatering of loose materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to equipment for the separation of waste fodder complexes in liquid and solid phases suitable for transportation to fields as fertilizer in a liquid or solid state, to food industry, for example for dehydration of raw material in production of pectin, liquid phase separation of loose materials, during drying materials. Vibration unit for dehydration of loose materials comprises filter mounted on base, loading device, unloading device for filter and thickened fraction removal, filter is elastically mounted on platform with vibrator mounted horizontally under platform, and is made spiral of hollow perforated tunnel with multi entrance screw perforated surface along perimeter coiled along spiral axis 0₁-0₁ around central rectilinear axis 0₂-0₂ of spiral filter, provided with helical grooves inside at angle to its spiral axis in form of curved pockets with centers of curvature, located inside cross-section of hollow perforated tunnel, and assembled from sections identical in shape and size of perforated rings, coiled from identical rhomb-shaped perforated strips, where trapezoids are located, which lateral strings are located on lateral sides of rhomb-shaped perforated strip, and upper and lower bases of trapezium are located at acute angle to axis of symmetry of rhomb-shaped perforated strip 0₃-0₃ and are flexure lines located at distances from each other, equal by length of curved pockets along inner perforated surface of perforated hollow tunnel spiral filter, wherein sections in form of rings are interconnected by lateral sides of trapezium.

EFFECT: technical result is increased efficiency and expanded technological capabilities of vibration unit.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to equipment for separating waste feed and feed complexes into liquid and solid phases suitable for transportation to fields as fertilizers in a liquid or solid state, for dehydration of raw materials in the production of pectin, separation of the liquid phase from bulk materials, drying materials.

A device for isolating the liquid phase from materials is an inertial thickener (RF patent No. 2469768, MKI B01D 33/27, publ. 2.12.2012, bull. No. 35), including an outer drum, inside which a screw insert is fixed, a filter made around the perimeter in the form of a multi-start screw perforated surface with screw perforated grooves inside and outside the filter at an angle of 5-45 ° to the axis of rotation of the filter in the form of perforated pockets of curvilinear shape with centers of curvature alternately located outside and inside the cross section the filter is mounted from one, rolled into cylindrical coils, connected to each other along the longitudinal edges of the perforated strip of the same width, bent in a wave-like fashion along fold lines placed at an angle to its longitudinal edges with the formation on the outer and inner surfaces of the filter screw perforated surfaces directed to one side in the form of pockets of curved shape on the outer and inner surfaces.

The disadvantages of the known design are insufficient productivity and limited technological capabilities.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for separating the liquid phase from materials (patent No. 2486942, class B01D 33/27, publ. 07/10/2013 Bull. No. 19), containing mounted on the base of the outer drum, inside which is fixed a screw insert , loading device, discharge devices for draining the filtrate and thickened fraction and a filter mounted from at least one rolled up into cylindrical coils connected to each other along the longitudinal edges of a perforated strip bent along the angle to the longitudinal edges of the fold lines, with the formation on the outer and inner surfaces of one-way helical lines and helical surfaces in the form of perforated pockets of a polygonal shape, the distance between the fold lines is equal to the length of each element of the polygon, while the perforated pockets along the inner surface may differ from the shape and size of the perforated pockets along the outer surface and around the perimeter of the drum can be different not only in size but also in shape.

The disadvantages of the known design are insufficient productivity and limited technological capabilities.

The technical solution to the problem is to increase productivity and expand the technological capabilities of the vibration unit.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in a vibrating installation for dehydration of bulk materials containing a filter mounted on the base, a loading device, discharge devices for draining the filtrate and thickened fraction, the filter is resiliently mounted on the base with a vibrator mounted horizontally below the base and is made spiral from hollow perforated tunnel with a multi-helical perforated helical surface around the perimeter of a spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 ₁ rolled around a central axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ spiral filters equipped with helical grooves inside at an angle to its spiral axis in the form of pockets of curvilinear shape with centers of curvature located inside the cross section of a hollow perforated tunnel and assembled from sections in the form of perforated rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same perforated strips are rhomboid-shaped, on which trapeziums are placed, the sides of which are located on the sides of the rhomboid perforated strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are located at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the diamond-shaped strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are fold lines located at distances from each other equal to the length of the pockets of a curved shape along the inner perforated surface of the perforated hollow tunnel of the spiral filter, while sections in the form of rings are connected to each other the other sides of the trapezoid.

According to the patent literature not found a technical solution similar to the claimed, which allows to judge about the inventive step of the proposed design of a vibration installation for dehydration of bulk materials.

The novelty is due to the fact that the filter is made spiral with a multi-start screw surface, which increases productivity and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty is seen in the fact that the shape of the filter oscillation path is changed from circular to vertical ellipse by mounting a vibrator under the base with the filter, while the flow path of bulk materials inside the filter changes, which is given the path of motion in the form of a vertical ellipse, which ensures an increase in the specific gravity of the total kinetic energy (E _n ) 1.3-1.5 times and increases productivity.

The novelty is that the spiral filter with a multi-screw perforated screw around the perimeter is equipped with screw grooves inside and outside at an angle to the spiral axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 ₁ perforated hollow spiral tunnel with a central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ , which increases productivity dehydration and expanding technological capabilities.

The novelty lies in the fact that the helical grooves of the spiral filter are made in the form of pockets with a curvilinear shape with centers of curvature located inside the cross section of a hollow perforated tunnel, which expands technological capabilities and increases the performance of dewatering.

The novelty is seen in the fact that the spiral filter is assembled from the section in the form of perforated rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same perforated diamond-shaped strips, on which trapeziums are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped perforated strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the rhomboid perforated strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are fold lines located at distances from each other equal to the length of the pockets of a curved shape along the inner perforated the surface of the perforated hollow tunnel of the spiral filter, while the sections in the form of rings are connected to each other by the lateral sides of the trapezoid, which increases the dewatering capacity.

The novelty of the proposal also lies in the fact that along the entire perimeter of the spiral filter, the passage section varies not only in shape, but also in area, which provides alternate compression and expansion of flows of bulk materials in each section of the spiral filter, increases dewatering performance and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that the trapezoid of the rhomboid perforated strips from which the sections are mounted are differently inclined not only to each other, but also to the axis of symmetry of the spiral filter, therefore, the degree of compression of particles of bulk materials increases and the dehydration process intensifies.

The novelty lies in the fact that the filter is made of sections, the perforated walls of which are inclined differently not only to each other, but also to the direction of the rotational movement of the flows of particles of bulk materials moving under the influence of vibration in planes perpendicular to the filter's cross section, this complicates the trajectory of their movement , increases the intensity of dehydration and expands technological capabilities.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where: in FIG. 1 shows a vibrating installation for dehydration of bulk materials, a General view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1, in FIG. 3 - a visual image of a spiral filter; in FIG. 4 is a visual representation of the relative position of the helix 0 ₁ -0 ₁ , along which a hollow perforated tunnel with a multiple helical perforated surface around a central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ is folded; in FIG. 5 - one of the perforated diamond-shaped strips on which trapeziums are located, the upper and lower bases of which are located at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the perforated strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ in the form of a fold line; in FIG. 6 - a perforated strip of a rhomboid shape, bent along the fold lines of the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid; in FIG. 7 is a pictorial representation of a diamond-shaped perforated strip rolled into a ring when connecting the upper base of the trapezoid NN ¹ , the trapezoid NMM ¹ N ¹ with the upper base RR ^{1 of the} trapezoid GRR ¹ G ¹ .

The vibratory installation for dehydration of bulk materials (Fig. 1) contains a filter 1, rigidly fixed to the platform 2 elastically using four rubber-cord cylinders 3 mounted on the base 4. A device 5 is rigidly fixed to the platform 2 and a vibrator 6 is also rigidly attached to the bottom of the platform 2 with a horizontal axis of rotation. The vibratory installation for dehydration of bulk materials is equipped with a discharge device 7 for removing the condensed fraction using slice 8 and discharge devices 9 and 10 for removing the filtrate, equipped with slides 11 and 12, mounted on the platform 2.

The vibrator 6 is mounted horizontally under the platform 2, and therefore provides the movement of bulk materials inside the filter 1 under the influence of the vibrator 6 along elliptical trajectories.

The filter 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made spiral. In FIG. 4 shows a visual representation of the relative position of the axis of the spiral - the center of the axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} hollow perforated tunnel, spiral filter 1 (in Fig. 4 the spiral filter is shown in cross sections 13 of the hollow perforated tunnel with a multi-pass perforated helical surface) and the central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ spiral filter 1.

Thus, around the perimeter, the spiral filter 1 is made in the form of a spiral-shaped tunnel with a multi-helical surface along the perimeter and is equipped with screw grooves inside and outside, located at an angle α to the axis of symmetry of the spiral 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} center of the axis of symmetry (Fig. 3) of the tunnel spiral, coiled 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around the central axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral filter 1.

The spiral grooves of the spiral filter 1 are made in the form of pockets 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 along the inner surface and pockets along the outer surface 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 of the spiral-shaped tunnel (Fig. 4) in the form of pockets curved shape with centers of curvature located inside the cross section of the hollow perforated tunnel, assembled from the section in the form of perforated rings 26 of the same shape and size, connected to each other by the lateral sides 27 and 28.

The result is a hollow perforated tunnel of the spiral filter 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) with the axis of the spiral - the center of the axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} spiral filter 1, twisted around the central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral filter 1 in diameter D _cp with the formation of a spiral filter 1 with an outer diameter of D _max and an inner diameter of D _min (Fig. 4).

In this case, the hollow spiral filter 1 with a multi-helical helical surface is provided with helical grooves in the form of pockets 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and pockets 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 along the outer surface of the spiral filter 1 (Fig. 4 )

Thus, a hollow perforated tunnel with its own spiral axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 is} folded along this spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around a central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ and forms a spiral perforated filter 1 (Fig. 4).

Section 26 is made in the form of a ring (Fig.7), mounted from a diamond-shaped perforated strip 29.

A trapezoid 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 is placed on the diamond-shaped strip 29, the sides of which are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped strip 29, and the upper and lower bases of these trapezoids (Fig. 5) are located at an acute angle β to the axis of symmetry of the diamond-shaped stripes 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are the fold lines (Fig. 5, Fig. 6) located at distances from each other equal to the scan length of the perimeter of the curved pockets (Fig. 7) of the spiral filter 1, made in the form of a hollow perforated tunnel.

In FIG. 5 shows the trapezoid:

NMM ¹ N ¹ - the first trapezoid;

MFF ¹ M ¹ - second trapezoid;

FEE ¹ F ¹ - the third trapezoid.

In this case, NN ¹ is the name of all the upper bases of the trapezoid located on the diamond-shaped strip 29 below the fold line EE ¹ , and the above three trapeziums (first, second, third).

In FIG. 5 also shows the trapezoid:

ESS ¹ E ¹ - fourth trapezoid;

SGG ¹ S ¹ - fifth trapezoid;

GRR ¹ G ¹ - the sixth trapezoid.

Moreover, RR ¹ is the smallest base of all the upper bases of the trapezoid located on the diamond-shaped strip 29 above the fold line EE ¹ , which for all trapezoids, in turn, is the largest of all the lower bases from the fourth trapezoid to the sixth trapezoid.

Thus, the fold line EE ¹ is not only the lower base of the trapezoid ESS ¹ E ¹ , but also the longest base of the trapezoid FEE ¹ F ¹ and the longest of all the lower fold lines of the diamond-shaped strip 29 and ring 26 (Fig. 7).

Moreover, the fold lines NN ¹ and RR ¹ are the shortest of all the fold lines of the diamond-shaped strip 29 and ring 26 and NN ¹ = RR ¹ .

The ratio of the length of the fold line EE ¹ and NN ¹ (RR ¹ ) determines the value of step S _{1 of the} spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ , and therefore the step of winding the hollow tunnel around the straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral filter 1.

For example, in FIG. 5, the fold lines L ₆ <L ₅ <L ₄ <L ₃ and L ₀ <L ₁ <L ₂ <L ₃ .

The diamond-shaped strip 29 is bent along the straight bend lines, which are the base of all six trapezoids and are parallel to each other (Fig. 5).

Then, the strip 29 bends along the fold lines with the formation of semicircles 36 (Fig. 6) and then folds into a ring (Fig. 7) with curved pockets 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 with centers of curvature located inside the cross section of the ring 26.

Sections in the form of identical rings 26 are then connected to each other sequentially by the lateral sides 27 and 28 so that all fold lines are a continuation of the fold lines of the same ring of the previous ring.

As a result of such an assembly, helical lines are shown along the perimeter of the hollow scroll filter 1, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, with thickened lines 37-38, 39-40.

Thus, the spiral filter 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made around the perimeter in the form of a multiple helical spiral surface with helical lines around the perimeter of the spiral filter 1 (two of the helical lines shown in Fig. 3 with thickened lines 37, 38, 39, 40) and screw grooves inside and outside of the spiral filter 1 in the form of pockets of curved shape 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 on the inner surface and screw grooves on the outer surface 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 at an angle α to the spiral axis of the hollow tunnel of the spiral shape of the spiral filter 1.

Vibration installation for dehydration of bulk materials is as follows.

The disturbing force of the vibrator 6 through the walls of the platform 2 and the filter 1 is transmitted to the particles of materials inside the filter 1 and entering the filter 1 by a continuous stream through the loading device 5. The particles of materials rotate along vertical elliptical trajectories, during which the dehydration process occurs. In this case, the particles of materials not only intensively interact with each other, but also under the influence of vibration rotate in a plane perpendicular to the flow area of filter 1. Since the length of the filter 1 has a cross-sectional shape, shape and location, the disturbance of the movement of particles of materials is aggravated which, while interacting with the perforated walls of the filter, move from loading to unloading. The presence of screw perforated surfaces and helical lines around the perimeter of the filter 1 contributes not only to the complication of the trajectories of the movement of particles of materials, but also to the movement along the passage section of the filter 1 towards the discharge side. In this case, the filtrate - the liquid phase is discharged through the perforated walls of the filter 1 and, with the help of slimes 11 and 12, enters the containers 9 and 10 to receive the liquid phase.

When particles of materials move along the flow section of the filter 1 due to changes in the flow cross section in shape and size, compression and vacuum zones are alternately formed in each cross section of the filter 1 over its entire volume, which also intensifies the process of dehydration of materials and expands technological capabilities. The dehydrated material is discharged through the discharge window 36 using a slice 8 into a container 7 for receiving the condensed fraction.

Technical appraisal and economic advantages of the vibrating unit for dehydration of bulk materials arise due to the filter in the form of a spiral, which provides reduction in overall dimensions, expansion of technological capabilities, increase in productivity and path (length) of movement of bulk materials in the filter, the perforated surface of which is equipped with unidirectional helical lines and screw perforated surfaces in the form of pockets of curved shape.

Technical and economic advantages also arise due to the shape of the trajectory of the movement of bulk materials in the form of a vertical ellipse, which provides an increase in the specific gravity of the total kinetic energy (E _p ) 1.3.-1.5 times and increases productivity by mounting the vibrator horizontally under the platform with a filter, which increases productivity and expands technological capabilities.

Claims (1)

A vibratory installation for dehydration of bulk materials containing a filter mounted on the base, a loading device, discharge devices for removing the filter and thickened fraction, characterized in that the filter is resiliently mounted on a platform with a vibrator mounted horizontally below the platform, and made spiral from a hollow perforated tunnel with a multi-helical perforated helical surface around the perimeter of a spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 ₁ rolled around a central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ spiral The filter is equipped with screw grooves inside at an angle to its spiral axis in the form of pockets of curvilinear shape with centers of curvature located inside the cross section of the hollow perforated tunnel and assembled from sections in the form of the same shape and size of perforated rings rolled from the same perforated diamond-shaped strips the forms on which the trapezoid is placed, the side strings of which are located on the lateral sides of the rhomboid perforated strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are located They are at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the rhomboid perforated strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are fold lines located at distances from each other equal to the length of the pockets of a curved shape along the inner perforated surface of the perforated hollow tunnel of the spiral filter, while sections in the form of rings are connected to each other with the other sides of the trapezoid.

Images