RU2651205C1 - Machine for evaporation of manure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to equipment for separation of wastes fodder complexes in liquid and solid phases suitable for transportation to fields as fertilizers in a liquid or solid state, to food industry, for example, for dehydration of raw materials in production of pectin, liquid phase separation from manure materials, during drying of materials. Machine for evaporation of manure contains a filter mounted on base, a charging device, discharging devices for withdrawing the liquid phase and thicken fraction. Filter is made in form of spiral shape of a hollow tunnel fixed on platform installed elastically on bed. Filter is rigidly fixed on a platform with a vibrator with a horizontal axis of rotation mounted horizontally under the platform parallel to longitudinal axis of the filter, and is made spiral hollow tunnel with multi entrance screw perforated surface along perimeter coiled along spiral axis 0₁-0₁ around central rectilinear axis 0₂-0₂ spiral filter, equipped with helical grooves inside at an angle to its spiral axis in form of pockets of triangle shape with centers of curvature placed alternately inside and outside its cross section, and assembled of sections in form of identical shape and size rings, coiled from identical diamond shaped perforated strips, on which areas like trapezium are placed, lateral sides of which are located on lateral sides of diamond-shaped perforated strip, and upper and lower bases of trapezium are located at acute angle to axis of symmetry of diamond-shaped perforated strip 0₃-0₃ and are flexure lines located at distances from each other, equal by length of curved pockets along inner surface of perforated hollow tunnel spiral shape, wherein sections in form of rings are connected to each other by the lateral sides of trapezium.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and expanded performance.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to equipment for separating waste feed systems in liquid and solid phases, suitable for transportation to the field as fertilizers in liquid or solid state for dehydration of raw materials in the production of pectin, separation of the liquid phase from bulk materials, during drying materials.

A device for isolating the liquid phase from materials is an inertial thickener (RF patent No. 2469768, MKI B01D 33/27, publ. 2.12.2012, bull. No. 35), including an outer drum, inside which a screw insert is fixed, a filter made around the perimeter in the form of a multi-start screw perforated surface with screw perforated grooves inside and outside the filter at an angle of 5-45 ° to the axis of rotation of the filter in the form of perforated pockets of curvilinear shape with centers of curvature alternately located outside and inside the cross section the filter is mounted from one, rolled into cylindrical coils, connected to each other along the longitudinal edges of the perforated strip of the same width, bent in a wave-like fashion along fold lines placed at an angle to its longitudinal edges with the formation of screw perforated surfaces directed to one side on the outer and inner surfaces of the filter in the form of pockets of curved shape on the outer and inner surfaces.

The disadvantages of the known design are insufficient productivity and limited technological capabilities.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for separating the liquid phase from materials (patent No. 2486942, class B01D 33/27, publ. 07/10/2013 Bull. No. 19), containing mounted on the base of the outer drum, inside which is fixed a screw insert , loading device, unloading devices for draining the filtrate and thickened fraction and a filter mounted from at least one rolled into cylindrical coils connected to each other along the longitudinal edges of the perforated strip bent at the gap to its longitudinal edges with fold lines, with the formation of helical lines and helical surfaces along the outer and inner surfaces in the form of perforated pockets of a polygonal shape, the distance between the fold lines is equal to the length of each polygon element, while the perforated pockets along the inner surface may differ from the shape and size of the perforated pockets along the outer surface and around the perimeter of the drum can be different not only in size but also in shape.

The disadvantages of the known design are insufficient productivity and limited technological capabilities.

The technical solution to the problem is to increase productivity and expand the technological capabilities of the manure dewatering plant.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in the installation for dehydration of manure containing a filter, a loading device, discharge devices for draining the liquid phase and condensed fraction, the filter is made in the form of a spiral tunnel shape mounted on a platform mounted elastically on the bed, while the filter is rigidly fixed to a platform with a vibrator mounted horizontally below the platform parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter and made in the form of a spiral hollow tunnel with multi-screw perforated a surface along the perimeter, rolled along a spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around a central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of a} spiral filter equipped with helical grooves inside at an angle to its spiral axis in the form of triangular pockets, alternately located inside and outside its cross section and assembled from sections in the form of rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same perforated diamond-shaped strips, on which trapezoidal sections are placed, the sides of which are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped erforirovannoy strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoids are arranged at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of diamond perforated strip ₃ -0 0 ₃ and fold lines are located at distances from each other equal to the length of the wave-shaped pockets along the inner surface of the hollow tunnel spiral shape, with this section in the form of rings connected to each other by the lateral sides of the trapezoid.

According to the patent literature not found a technical solution similar to the claimed, which allows to judge the inventive step of the proposed design of the installation for manure.

The novelty is due to the fact that the filter is made spiral with a multi-start screw perforated surface, which increases productivity and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty is that the installation of a vibrator under the base with a filter provides a trajectory of its vibrations along with manure in the form of a vertical ellipse, which ensures an increase in the specific gravity of the total kinematic energy (E _n ) and increases productivity.

The novelty is that the spiral-shaped filter with a multi-start perforated helical surface around the perimeter is equipped with screw grooves inside and outside at an angle to the spiral axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 ₁ , a hollow spiral tunnel with a central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ , which increases productivity dehydration and expanding technological capabilities.

The novelty lies in the fact that the spiral grooves of the spiral filter are made in the form of pockets of a wave-like shape with centers of curvature located inside and outside the cross section of the hollow tunnel, which expands technological capabilities and increases productivity.

The novelty is seen in the fact that the spiral filter is assembled from sections in the form of rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same perforated diamond-shaped strips, on which trapeziums are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped perforated strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are at an acute angle to rhombic symmetry axis of the perforated strip ₃ -0 0 ₃ and fold lines are located at distances from each other equal to the length of the pockets of the curved shape of the inner surface of the hollow Nelja spiral filter, while sections in the form of rings connected to each other sides of the trapezoid, this improves performance manure.

The novelty of the proposal also lies in the fact that along the entire perimeter of the spiral filter, the passage section varies not only in shape but also in area, which provides alternate compression and expansion of manure flows in each section of the spiral filter, increases productivity and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that the trapezoid of rhomboid perforated strips from which the filter sections are mounted, therefore, the degree of compression of particles of bulk materials increases and the process of dehydration of manure is intensified.

The novelty lies in the fact that the filter is made of a section, the walls of which are differently inclined not only to each other, but also to the direction of rotational movement of the flows of materials moving under the influence of vibration in planes perpendicular to the filter cross-section, which complicates the trajectory of their movement and increases the intensity manure dehydration and expanding technological capabilities.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a plant for dehydration of manure, a General view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 is a pictorial illustration of a filter with wave-shaped pockets; in FIG. 4 - a visual representation of the relative position of the spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ , along which a hollow tunnel with a multiple helical surface is rolled around a central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ ; in FIG. 5 - one of the perforated strips of a rhomboid shape, on which trapezoids are placed, the upper and lower bases of which are located at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the perforated strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ in the form of fold lines; in FIG. 6 - a perforated strip of a rhomboid shape, bent along the fold lines of the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid; in FIG. 7 - one of the rhomboid perforated stripes, rolled into a ring.

Installation for dehydration of manure (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) contains a filter 1, rigidly fixed to the platform 2, which is resiliently mounted on the base 4 using four rubber-cord cylinders 3. The loading device 5 is rigidly fixed to the platform 2, and from the bottom to the platform 2 rigidly attached vibrator 6 with a horizontal axis of rotation parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter 1.

The manure dewatering unit is equipped with an unloading device 7 for draining the liquid phase using slice 8 and unloading devices 9 and 10 for draining the filtrate, equipped with slips 11 and 12, mounted on the platform 2.

The vibrator 6 is mounted under the platform 2 horizontally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter 1 and therefore provides the movement of manure inside the filter 1 under the influence of the vibrator 6 along elliptical trajectories.

The filter 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made spiral. In FIG. 4 shows a visual representation of the relative position of the axis of the spiral - the center of the axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} hollow tunnel of filter 1 (in Fig. 4, filter 1 is shown in cross sections 9 of the hollow tunnel with a multi-helical surface) and the central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of} filter 1 .

Thus, around the perimeter, filter 1 is made in the form of a spiral-shaped tunnel with a multi-screw perforated screw around the perimeter and is provided with screw grooves inside and outside, located at an angle a to the axis of symmetry of the spiral 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} center of the axis of symmetry (Fig. 3) of the spiral a tunnel coiled in a spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around the central axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral filter 1.

The helical grooves of the spiral filter 1 are made in the form of pockets 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 on the inner surface and pockets on the outer surface 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 of the spiral shape tunnel (Fig. 4) in the form of pockets wave-shaped with centers of curvature located inside and outside the cross section of the hollow tunnel, and assembled from sections in the form of rings 22 of the same shape and size, connected to each other by the sides 23 and 24 (Fig. 7).

The result is a hollow tunnel of the spiral filter 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) with the axis of the spiral - the center of the axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} spiral filter 1, twisted around the central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral filter 1 diameter D _cp with the formation of a spiral filter 1 with an outer diameter of D _max and an inner diameter of D _min (Fig. 4).

At the same time, the hollow spiral filter 1 with a multiple helical surface is provided with helical grooves in the form of pockets of a wave-like shape 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and pockets of a wave-like shape 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 along the outer surface of the spiral filter 1 (Fig. 4).

Thus, a hollow perforated tunnel with its own spiral axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 is} folded along this spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around the central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ and form a spiral filter 1 (Fig. 4).

Section 22 is made in the form of a ring (Fig. 7), mounted from a diamond-shaped perforated strip 25 (Fig. 5).

Trapeziums 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 are placed on the diamond-shaped perforated strip 25, the sides of which are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped perforated strip 25, and the upper and lower bases of these trapezoids (Fig. 5) are located at an acute angle β to the axis the symmetry of the rhomboid perforated strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are fold lines (Fig. 5, Fig. 6) located at distances from each other equal to the scan length of the perimeter of curved pockets (Fig. 7), a spiral filter 1 made in the form of a hollow the tunnel.

In FIG. 5 shows the trapezoid:

ABVG - the first trapeze 26;

VDEG - the second trapezoid 27;

JZE - third trapezoid 28.

Moreover, AB is the smallest of all the upper bases of the trapezoid located on the rhomboid perforated strip 25 below the bend line of the ZhZ and the above three trapeziums (first 26, second 27, third 28).

In FIG. 5 also shows the trapezoid:

ZhNKZ - the fourth trapezoid 29;

HJIMK - fifth trapezoid 30;

JINPM - the sixth trapezoid 31.

Moreover, NP is the smallest base of all the upper bases of the trapezoid located on the rhomboid perforated strip 25 above the bend line of the ZhZ, which for all trapezoids, in turn, is the largest of all the lower bases, from the fourth trapezoid to the sixth trapezoid.

Thus, the JZ fold line is not only the lower base of the JZE trapezoid, but also the longest base of the JZE trapezoid and the longest of all the lower fold lines of the rhomboid perforated strip 25 and ring 22 (Fig. 7).

In this case, the fold lines AB and NP are the shortest of all the fold lines of the rhomboid perforated strip 25 and the ring 22 and AB = TP.

The ratio of the length of the bend line of the ZhZ and AB (NP) determines the value of the step S _{1 of the} spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ , and hence the step of the hollow tunnel around the straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral filter 1.

For example, in FIG. 5 fold lines L ₆ > L ₅ > L ₄ > L ₃ > and L ₀ > L ₁ > L ₂ > L ₃ .

The rhomboid perforated strip 25 is bent along the straight fold lines, which are the base of all six trapezoids and are parallel to each other (Fig. 5).

Then, the perforated strip 25 bends along the fold lines in a wave-like fashion (FIG. 6) and folds into a ring 22 (FIG. 7) with wave-shaped pockets. Sections in the form of identical rings 22 are then connected to each other sequentially by the lateral sides 23 and 24 so that all fold lines are a continuation of the fold lines of the same ring of the previous ring.

Thus, the spiral filter 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made around the perimeter in the form of a multiple helical spiral surface around the perimeter of the spiral filter 1 with helical grooves inside and outside the spiral filter 1 in the form of pockets of a wave-like shape 10, 11 , 12, 13, 14, 15 on the inner surface and screw grooves on the outer surface 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 at an angle a to the spiral axis of the hollow tunnel of the spiral shape of the spiral filter 1.

Installation for dehydration of manure works as follows.

The disturbing force of the vibrator 6 through the walls of the platform 2 and the filter 1 is transferred to the manure particles inside the filter 1 and entering the filter 1 by a continuous stream through the loading device 5. The manure particles rotate along vertical elliptical trajectories, during which the dehydration process occurs. In this case, the manure particles not only interact intensively with each other, but also under the influence of vibration rotate in a plane perpendicular to the flow area of the filter 1. Since the cross-sectional dimensions, shape and location change along the length of the filter, the disturbance of the movement of manure particles is aggravated, which in this case, interacting with the walls of the filter 1, move from loading to unloading. The presence of a filter 1 of screw perforated surfaces around the perimeter of the filter 1 contributes not only to the complication of the trajectories of the movement of manure particles, but also to the displacement along the passage section of the screening surface 1 towards the discharge side. In this case, the liquid phase through the perforations of the filter 1 is discharged onto the slides 11 and 12 into the unloading devices 9 and 10.

When the manure particles move along the passage section of the filter 1 due to the change in the passage section in shape and size, compression and rarefaction zones are formed alternately in each section of the filter 1 over its entire object, which also intensifies the process of manure dehydration. Dehydrated manure through the discharge window 32 is discharged using a slice 8 into a container 7 for receiving the condensed fraction.

The technical and economic advantages of the manure dewatering plant arise due to the spiral filter design, with screw perforated surfaces in the form of wave-shaped pockets, which reduces the length in size, enhances technological capabilities, increases the productivity and the path (length) of manure to be dehydrated.

Technical and economic advantages also arise due to the installation of a vibrator horizontally below the platform with a filter with a horizontal axis of rotation parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter and a change in the shape of the trajectory of the manure particles in the form of a vertical ellipse, which increases the specific gravity of the total kinetic energy (E _n ) and increases productivity .

Claims (1)

A manure dewatering installation comprising a filter mounted on the base, a loading device, discharge devices for draining the liquid phase and the condensed fraction, characterized in that the filter is made in the form of a spiral form of a hollow tunnel mounted on a platform mounted elastically on the bed, while the filter is rigidly mounted on a platform with a vibrator with a horizontal axis of rotation mounted horizontally below the platform parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter, and made in the form of a spiral hollow tunnel with a perforated multi-helical helical perforated surface, rolled along a spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around a central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of a} spiral filter equipped with helical grooves inside at an angle to its spiral axis in the form of pockets of wave-like shape with centers of curvature, arranged alternately inside and outside its cross section, and assembled from sections in the form of rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same perforated diamond-shaped strips, on which sections in the form of tra Pets, whose sides are located on the sides of the rhomboid perforated strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the rhomboid perforated strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are fold lines located at distances from each other equal to the length of the pockets of the wavy forms on the inner surface of the hollow tunnel of a spiral shape, while sections in the form of rings are connected to each other by the lateral sides of the trapezoid.

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