RU2520124C1 - Rotary tool for surface soil treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: rotary tool for the surface soil treatment comprises a frame with a trailing mechanism, the front and rear transverse beam with fixed disk sections. The disk sections are composed of separate sections. Each section comprises two disks. The disks are mounted on a curved axis with the ability to rotate freely. The planes of rotation of the two disks of the section form an angle α between them. The curved axes of the sections are interconnected fixedly and still form an integral section. The fold lines of each section curved axes lie in one plane, inclined from the vertical in the direction of translational movement of the tool at an angle φ. The angle φ value is determined by the formula $$\phi =\arccos \left(1-\frac{a}{R}\right),$$

where $$a$$

is the depth of immersion of the disks into the soil, R is the radius of the disks.

EFFECT: effective combing of weeds and increase in degree of crumbling the topsoil.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to rotary implements for surface tillage.

Known disk harrow [1], containing a frame with transverse beams, front and rear sections on which spherical disk batteries are mounted. The front and rear sections of the batteries are located one relative to the other V-shaped. Battery sections consist of a central beam, a wing beam, disk batteries, a device for raising and lowering the wings, and a mechanism for adjusting the angle of attack of the disks.

It is also known a tool for layer-by-layer tillage [2], containing a rigid rectangular frame, batteries of disk working bodies, a flat cutting non-mold working tool and an additional working tool. Batteries of the disk working bodies are mounted on the frame on an elastic suspension, and the disks are equipped with three slots.

The prototype is a disk harrow [3], containing a frame with longitudinal bars on which disk batteries are mounted at an angle α, equipped with an internal support with a vertical hinge and an external L-shaped support with a latch.

The disadvantages of the known analogues and prototype is that they do not always provide combing of weeds and the creation of a small-sized soil structure on the surface of the field.

The aim of the invention is to increase the degree of crumbling of the surface soil layer and to ensure combing of weeds.

где $$a$$

- глубина погружения дисков в почву, R - радиус дисков, при котором обеспечивается минимальное расстояние между дисками на уровне поверхности поля в зоне выхода их из почвы.This is achieved by the fact that in a rotary implement for surface cultivation of the soil, containing a frame with front and rear transverse beams and batteries of disk working bodies fixed to them, batteries of disk working bodies consist of separate sections, including two disks mounted on a curved axis with the possibility of free rotation. In this case, the rotation planes of the two disks form an angle α between themselves. The curved axes of the sections are interconnected motionlessly and form a solid battery. In this case, the bending lines of the curved axes of each section lie in one plane deviated from the vertical towards the translational movement of the gun by an angle φ, the value of which is determined by the formula $$\phi =\arccos \left(\mathrm{one}-\frac{a}{R}\right),$$

Where $$a$$

is the depth of immersion of the disks in the soil, R is the radius of the disks at which the minimum distance between the disks is provided at the level of the field surface in the zone of their exit from the soil.

The invention is illustrated by the following schemes:

figa - rotary gun, top view;

figb - rotary gun, rear view;

figa - section of the disk battery, side view;

figb - section of the disk battery, top view;

figure 3 - section of the disk battery, view a in figa.

где $$a$$

- глубина погружения дисков в почву, R - радиус дисков.A rotary implement for surface tillage (FIG. 1) consists of a frame 1 with a towing mechanism 2, front and rear cross beams 3 and 4, respectively, on which disk batteries 5 are mounted. Disk batteries 5 consist of separate sections (FIG. 2), including two disks 6 that are mounted on a curved axis 7 with the possibility of free rotation. In this case, the rotation planes of these two disks form an angle α between themselves (Fig. 3). The curved axes of the 7 sections are connected to each other motionlessly and form a solid battery. In this case, the bending lines of the curved axes 7 of each section lie in one plane deviated from the vertical towards the translational movement of the gun V _e by an angle φ (Fig. 2a), which ensures a minimum distance between the disks 6 at the level of the field surface in the area where they exit from the soil. The angle φ satisfying this condition is determined by the formula $$\phi =\arccos \left(\mathrm{one}-\frac{a}{R}\right),$$

Where $$a$$

is the depth of immersion of the disks in the soil, R is the radius of the disks.

If necessary, to ensure complete overlap of the treated area over the entire width of the capture unit, disk batteries 5 can be installed in more than two rows.

Rotary implements for surface tillage works as follows.

где $$a$$

- глубина погружения дисков в почву, R - радиус дисков. При выполнении этого условия обеспечивается минимальное междисковое расстояние на уровне поверхности поля в зоне выхода режущей кромки дисковых рабочих органов из почвы и соответственно достигается лучшее ее крошение почвы и захватывание корней сорных растений.When the gun passes through the field, pre-treated with disk or paw working bodies, discs 6 cut the surface layer and are buried in the soil to a depth of α. In the process of movement, due to friction, the disks 6 rotate in the direction of translational movement of the unit. Moreover, due to the fact that the disks 6 of each individual section are mounted on the curved axis 7 and form an angle α between themselves, the interdisk space is narrowed in its rear part. As the tool moves, the surface soil layer cut off by the disks, passing through the interdisc space, is compressed by the disks 6 and crumbles into smaller structural elements. In order to better crush the soil lumps, pinch and grab the roots of weeds with discs in the interdisc space, fixedly connected to each other and forming a battery, the curved axes of 7 sections are set so that their bending lines lie in one plane, deviated from the vertical towards the translational movement of the unit V _e at the angle φ, the value of which is determined by the formula $$\phi =\arccos \left(\mathrm{one}-\frac{a}{R}\right),$$

Where $$a$$

is the depth of immersion of the disks in the soil, R is the radius of the disks. When this condition is met, a minimum interdisk distance is provided at the level of the field surface in the zone of exit of the cutting edge of the disk working bodies from the soil and, accordingly, its best crumbling of the soil and trapping of the roots of weeds is achieved.

With further movement and rotation of the disk working bodies, the roots of weeds, sandwiched between them, are removed from the soil and thrown together with it to the field surface.

Rotary implements can be used for surface tillage as a separate unit, or as part of combined tillage machines.

Thus, in the process of work, the rotary implement for surface tillage provides effective combing of weeds and the creation of a fuzzy soil structure on the field surface.

List of references

1. RF patent for the invention No. 2366138, IPC АВВ 21/00, 7/00, 2009

2. RF patent for the invention No. 2283559, IPC A01B 49/02, 2006

3. RF patent for the invention No. 2041578, IPC АВВ 21/08, 1995.

Claims (1)

Rotary implements for surface tillage, containing a frame with front and rear cross beams and batteries of disk working bodies fixed on them, characterized in that the batteries of disk working bodies consist of separate sections, including two disks mounted on a curved axis with the possibility of free rotations, while the planes of their rotation form an angle α between themselves, and the curved axis of the sections are connected to each other motionlessly, while the lines of their bend lie in the same plane, deviated from the vertical in the thrust of the translational movement of the gun at an angle φ, the value of which is determined by the formula

Where

is the depth of immersion of the disks in the soil, R is the radius of the disks at which the minimum distance between the disks is provided at the level of the field surface in the zone of their exit from the soil.

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