RU135220U1 - ROTARY COMBINED WORKING BODY OF A SOIL PROCESSING MACHINE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A rotary combined working body of a tillage machine, comprising a housing with bearing assemblies, a rack and disks mounted with an offset on one housing, curved teeth are fixed on the hubs of the disks, characterized in that the axis of the disks are inserted from different sides of the housing with an offset relative to the hinge, the curved teeth of the disks are evenly spaced around on the hubs of the disks of a square shape, while the housing is pivotally connected to a stand made in the form of a flat ribbon spring. 2. The rotary combined working body according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting of the disks provides the ability to dismantle and reinstall the disks with their rotation through 180 °.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, namely to the design of the working body of tillage machines.

State of the art

Known rotary working body of a tillage machine (V.M. Halamsky, N.V. Gorbachev, Agricultural machines - M .: Kolos S, 2006, p. 93), including cast tooth (needle) discs assembled into batteries, articulated with bars of the car.

The disadvantage of these working bodies is their maintainability, as they are made of cast iron. Failure of one tooth leads to rejection of the entire disc. Connecting them into batteries leads to clogging with plant debris.

Known working body of a tillage machine (French patent No. 2522461, class IPC A01B 33/08, publ. 11/22/1985). The machine includes a gear-frame, on the vertical axes of which horizontal knife holders are mounted, at the edges of which knives are mounted. Each knife is inclined to the axis of rotation with increasing top-down distance from the axis of rotation to the knife. At the same time, the knife has a forward bend in the lower part relative to the direction of rotation of the rotor.

The disadvantage of this device is that the energy intensity of the soil cutting process is high. The high energy intensity of the process of cutting the soil with such a knife is caused by the fact that in the upper part there is a direct frontal cutting of soil shavings from the soil monolith, and in the lower part there is already more complete cutting (with sliding), but along a complex curve, which requires significant energy consumption.

Known rotary working body (RF patent for the invention No. 2319328, class IPC A01B 29/04, publ. March 20, 2008) containing mounted on the frame hub with a spiral attached to them, on the turns of which the teeth are placed. A hydraulic motor-vibrator is located in the center of mass of the gun, driven by the tractor hydraulic system and two unbalances with the possibility of rotation of one in the vertical and the other in the horizontal plane. The hydraulic motor-vibrator is made with the possibility of adjusting the frequency of rotation of the unbalances by means of a throttle-flow meter from the tractor cabin during movement and the amplitude of the vibration by changing the mass of the radius of the installation of unbalances.

A disadvantage of the known rotary working body is its high energy intensity due to the presence of a hydraulic motor-vibrator.

A tillage implement is known (USSR author's certificate No. 1438637, class IPC A01B 29/04, A01B 21/04, publ. 11/23/1988), including a frame and sequentially mounted on it with the possibility of rotation at opposite angles to the direction of movement of the hollow conical drums, each of which is made in the form of a spring with teeth on its coils, while the direction of winding of the subsequent spring is opposite to the direction of winding of the previous one.

A disadvantage of the known tillage implement is its high energy consumption due to the presence of an aphronty angle of the working bodies and the purpose of this tillage implement without taking into account the type of soil, its particle size distribution, physicomechanical properties, as well as the degree of soil contamination with weeds, which simultaneously affect the quality of processing the soil.

Known rotary block-modular harrow design Burkova (RF patent for the invention No. 2375858, class IPC A01B 19/02, publ. 12/20/2009), the working bodies of which are made in the form of spirals of round or rectangular cross section. The working bodies are pivotally mounted on racks with the possibility of rotation. Flat blades rigidly attached to the spirals perpendicular to the axes of the turns of the spirals are rotated at an angle of 30-45 ° to the direction of movement. The blades are attached to the spirals with equal pitch on each quarter of its turn and are made wider at the top than at the base. The working bodies are arranged in parallel rows with equal pitch so that each subsequent row is shifted relative to the previous one along the movement by the length of the spiral, and across - by the size of the processed strip by one working body. Together, at least three working bodies make up the working module and rigidly connected to one subframe and hydraulic cylinder make up an autonomous unit.

A disadvantage of the known rotary harrow is the complexity of the design of the working body and, as a consequence, the lack of reliability of the process.

Known section of the rotary harrow design Burkova L.N. (RF patent for the invention No. 2262218, class IPC A01B 21/00, A01B 21/08, publ. 10/20/2005), the working body of which is made in the form of a multi-blade disc pivotally mounted on the axis. Each subsequent blade is bent in the opposite direction relative to the previous one at an angle of 15-25 degrees relative to the vertical. The disks are arranged sequentially, in parallel rows, in a checkerboard pattern, with one row relative to the previous one located on the frame with disk overlapping. The axes of each disk are rigidly fixed on a U-shaped frame and are provided with hinges at both ends. The U-shaped frame of each disk is equipped with springs and mounted on the section frame with the possibility of displacement in the vertical plane to ensure copying of irregularities of the field surface by one third of the maximum processing depth.

The disadvantage of the known working body of the section of the rotary harrow is the relatively low quality of loosening the soil, as well as the lack of self-cleaning of the working bodies in the process.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect, adopted by the authors for the prototype (Technical characteristics of the rotary hoe, found from the Internet: http: www.Borona-Rotacionnaya.ru) is the rotary combined working body of the MRH-5.6 tillage machine, consisting of discs with curved teeth mounted with offset on one housing, connected using a rigid spring-loaded strut with the beam of the machine. The teeth are mounted on a round disc hub.

A significant drawback of this working body is the presence in it of a rigid rack. Although it is spring-loaded, the movement is carried out only in the vertical plane, therefore, despite the presence of soil deformation zones due to the absence of lateral displacement, the entire area is not processed. Another disadvantage is the winding of the roots of the vegetation on a round hub, which leads to disruption of the technological process.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the utility model is to create a reliable device that can efficiently process various types of soils efficiently and with sufficient productivity.

The technical result that can be achieved using the proposed utility model is to improve the quality indicators, increase the proportion of cultivated soil, create a mulching surface, increase the reliability of the process.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the rotary combined working body of the tillage machine contains a housing with bearing assemblies, a rack and disks mounted with an offset on one housing, curved teeth are fixed on the hubs of the disks, according to a utility model, the axis of the disks are inserted from different sides of the housing with an offset relative to the hinge, and the curved teeth of the discs are evenly spaced around the circumference on the hubs of the discs of a square shape, while the housing is pivotally connected to a rack made in in the form of a flat tape spring.

Mounting the disks of the working body of the tillage machine can be implemented with the possibility of dismantling and reinstalling the disks with their rotation through 180 °.

Such a constructive solution (fixing the discs on the axles, for example, using nuts) allows you to quickly make a change in the technological regime of soil cultivation.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a rotary combined working body of a tillage machine, side view.

In FIG. 2 shows a rotary combined working body of a tillage machine, top view.

In FIG. 3 shows a diagram of a flat ribbon spring.

In FIG. 4 shows a General view of the rotary combined working body of the machine.

Utility Model Implementation

The following notation is used in the figures: disks 1, 2, axles 3, 4, bearing units 5, 6, housing 7, nuts 8, 9, hubs of square shape 10, 11, curved teeth 12, hinge 13, flat belt spring 14.

The rotary combined working body of the tillage machine consists of a housing 7 and two disks 1, 2, axles 3, 4, which are inserted from different sides of the housing 7 with an offset relative to the hinge 13 into the bearing units 5, 6 with double row rolling bearings, and are fixed with nuts 8, 9. On each hub 10, 11 of the discs 1, 2 fifteen bent teeth are fixed evenly around the circumference 12. The housing 7 is connected through a hinge 13 to a flat band spring 14, which is attached to the bar of the tillage machine with the other end.

The technical process of rotation of the combined working body of the tillage machine is as follows.

During the working movement of the machine, the bent teeth 12 of the machine are in contact with the soil, a torque is created that causes the disks 1, 2 to rotate. In this case, it is possible to install disks 1, 2 for both “active” and “passive” work. With active work, the teeth 12 are directed by the bulge forward, with passive - back. With passive work, holes are formed in the soil, the soil crust is destroyed. Active mode provides surface loosening of the soil, combing weeds. Moreover, the flat belt spring 14 is an elastic support stabilizing the depth of processing, providing good copying of the microrelief of the soil surface. In addition, such a spring works both in bending “N” and in torsion “K” (Fig. 3). This torsion ensures the rotation of the tape spring 14, which allows to significantly increase the area of tillage, which can not be done by similar working bodies.

According to the test of the working bodies of the prototype, the destruction of weed seedlings was 27.5%. During the work of the proposed working body, the destruction of weed seedlings with a single pass amounted to 57.2%, with a double pass - 82.1%. The remaining weed is no longer harmful.

On the hub 10, 11 of a square shape (Fig. 4) weeds are not wound, which increases the reliability of the process.

Thus, the proposed utility model in comparison with prototypes and well-known technical solutions has the following advantages:

- quality indicators increase, the area of impact of the teeth on the soil, the degree of crumbling, due to the rotation of the teeth during operation;

- winding up of weeds is excluded;

- Improves the copying of the soil surface due to the installation of an elastic flat tape spring.

A comparative analysis of the claimed utility model showed that the set of essential features of the claimed device is not known from the prior art and therefore corresponds to the patentability condition “Novelty”.

The above information confirms the possibility of using the claimed device for surface tillage, and therefore meets the patentability condition "Industrial applicability".

Claims (2)

1. The rotary combined working body of a tillage machine, comprising a housing with bearing assemblies, a rack and disks mounted with an offset on one housing, curved teeth are fixed on the hubs of the disks, characterized in that the axis of the disks are inserted from different sides of the housing with an offset relative to the hinge, the curved teeth of the disks are evenly spaced around on the hubs of the disks of a square shape, while the housing is pivotally connected to a stand made in the form of a flat ribbon spring. 2. The rotary combined working body according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting of the disks provides the ability to dismantle and reinstall the disks with their rotation through 180 °.

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