RU2439036C1 - Method of producing wood concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to industry of construction materials and can be used when making articles from heat insulation wood concrete. The method involves batching, mixing to a homogeneous state, moulding and hardening the crude mixture, containing the following in wt %: saw dust having said composition 18-22, flue ash obtained from burning KATEK brown coal at Thermal Power Station (TPS) 7, Bratsk, Irkutsk Region 38-42, liquid glass from microsilica ferroalloy plant in Bratsk 38-42, wherein hardening is carried out in a steam chamber at T=80-85°C in a 2+2+2+2 hour mode, and then in a drying cabinet at T=100°C for 48 hours.

EFFECT: low density of wood concrete.

1 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the construction materials industry and can be used in the manufacture of products from heat-insulating wood concrete.

A known method of manufacturing arbolita, which consists in the fact that the wood aggregate is soaked for an hour, then squeezed in a centrifuge for 5 minutes, then mixed with additives, cement and water [A.S. USSR No. 1534031, BI No. 1, 1990].

The disadvantages of this method are the multicomponent composition, low coefficient of structural quality and high energy consumption of Portland cement.

The closest analogue to the described invention is a method of manufacturing arbolite, in which wood filler - sawdust larch moisten up to 10% moisture, mixed with fly ash from burning brown coal of KATEK. After that, carbon-containing liquid silica glass with silicate module n = 1 and density ρ = 1.45 ... 1.48 g / cm ^{3 is} added to the mixture. The mixture is mixed until homogeneous in a forced-action mixer for 3-5 minutes, after which samples are formed by layer-by-layer vibropressing, then hardening at T = 80-90 ° C for 12 hours in a steaming chamber [Patent No. 2130438, BI No. 14 , 1999].

The disadvantage of the described method is the relatively high density of arbolite, and therefore, low heat-shielding properties.

The problem solved by the invention is to improve the heat-shielding properties of wood concrete.

The technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that the method of manufacturing arbolite includes dosing, mixing to a homogeneous state, molding and hardening of the raw material mixture, including wood aggregate and ash and alkaline binder, pine sawdust with particle sizes of 0.14-10 mm are used as wood filler, bulk density of 120-130 kg / m ³ moistened to 15% moisture in the following ratio of particle size, wt.%

10 mm - 1.7;

5 mm - 10.5;

2.5 mm - 60.0;

1.25 mm - 16.3;

0.63 mm - 6.7;

0.315 mm - 4.3;

0.14 mm - 0.5, and as a binder, an ash-alkali binder is used, consisting of fly ash obtained from the burning of brown coal from KATEK at the CHPP - 7 in Bratsk, Irkutsk Region, with a bulk density of ρ _n = 890 kg / m ³ , and liquid glass with a silicate module n = 1 and a density of 1.32-1.35 g / cm ³ made from large-tonnage waste from the production of ferrosilicon of the Bratsk ferroalloy plant - microsilica and containing finely dispersed flake graphite and β-SiC in the amount of 8-15% in the following ratio of components, parts by weight:

Sawdust 18-22 Fly ash 38-42 Liquid glass 38-42

and hardening is carried out first in a steaming chamber at T = 80-85 ° C according to the 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 h mode, and then in a drying cabinet at T = 100 ° C for 48 hours.

Example

Arbolit was prepared as follows. Wood aggregate (pine sawdust) with a particle size of 0.12 mm and a bulk density of 120 kg / m ^{3 is} moistened to 15% moisture and mixed with ash with a bulk density ρ _n = 890 kg / m ³ . The mixture is sealed with silica gel liquid glass containing finely dispersed flake graphite and β-SiC in an amount of 12%, with a silicate module of n = 1 and a density of 1.33 g / cm ³ . The ratio between the components of the mixture (parts by weight) is: “Sawdust: Ash: Liquid glass” = 1: 2: 2.

The mixture is mixed until smooth in a forced-action mixer for 2-3 minutes. After that, samples are formed — cubes 15 × 15 × 15 cm in size and samples — beams 4 × 4 × 16 cm in size. All samples are cured in a steaming chamber at T = 80-85 ° С according to the 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 h mode and then in an oven at T = 100 ° C for 48 hours

The main indicators of the resulting arbolite are given in the table.

Table The main properties of wood concrete Indicators Test results Density, kg / m ³ 420 Bending Strength, MPa 1,03 The limit of compressive strength, MPa 0.51

Analysis of the data shows that with sufficient strength, the arbolite made by the proposed method has a significantly lower density (only 420 kg / m ³ ) than the arbolite according to the prototype (950 kg / m ³ ). Such a decrease in the density of the material (by 530 kg / m ³ or 2.3 times) allows not only to reduce the cost of transportation of products from wood concrete, but also the main thing is to use the proposed material as an environmentally friendly heat-insulating material.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing arbolite, including dosing, mixing to a homogeneous state, molding and hardening of a raw material mixture comprising wood aggregate and ash and alkaline binder, characterized in that sawdust of pine with a particle size of 0.14-10 mm, bulk density 120- is used as wood filler 130 kg / m ³ moistened to 15% humidity, with the following ratio of particles, wt.%:
10 mm 1.7 5 mm 10.5 2.5 mm 60.0 1.25 mm 16.3 0.63 mm 6.7 0.315 mm 4.3 0.14 mm 0.5,
and as a binder, a gold-alkali binder is used, consisting of fly ash obtained from burning brown coal from KATEK at TPP-7 in Bratsk, Irkutsk Region, with a bulk density of ρ _n = 890 kg / m ³ , and liquid glass with silicate module n = 1 and a density of 1.32-1.35 g / cm ³ made from large-tonnage waste from the production of ferrosilicon of the Bratsk Ferroalloy Plant - microsilica and containing finely dispersed flake graphite and β-SiC in an amount of 8-15% in the following ratio, wt.h. :
Sawdust 18-22 Fly ash 38-42 Liquid glass 38-42,
and hardening is carried out first in a steaming chamber at T = 80-85 ° C according to the 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 hours mode, and then in a drying cabinet at T = 100 ° C for 48 hours.