RU2376267C1 - Method of fire-proof concrete manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction. ^ SUBSTANCE: method of fire-proof concrete manufacture includes metering filler and binder components and their mixing, moulding of items and solidification. The items are then cured in a combined manner. Diabase breakage screening wastes having bulk specific gravity 1565-1580 kg/m3 and fineness module Mfin=4.0-4.9 is used as a filler at the following ratio of fractions %: fr. 5 mm - 2.5-55, fr. 2.5 mm - 22.5-26, fr. 1.25 mm -6.7-15, fr. 0.63 mm - 1.7-23, fr. 0.315 mm - 3.3-17, fr. 0.14 mm - 5-18, fr. less 0.14 mm - 2-2,3. Ash alkali binder is used as a binder. It consists of field 1 flue ash produced from brown Kansko-Achinsk coal incineration at Bratsk Combined Heat and Power Plant - 7 in Irkutsk region and liquid glass made from large tonnage ferrosilicum production waste at Bratsk ferroalloy plant. Mircosilica with bulk specific gravity 230-245 kg/m3 contains highly dispersed crystalline particles of graphite and -modifications of silica carbide in the amount of 10-13% with silica module n=1 and density p=1.38-1.42 g/cm3 at the following ratio of components, wt %: the said flue ash 17.8-38.9, the said liquid glass 20.0-30.2, the said diabase screening 35.0-60.0%. Items are extruded at 7-10 MPa load and solidified in curing chamber at 80-85C according to 1+3+3+3 hours with further combined curing of stripped and steamed items during 15 days in water and the next 15 days under dry air conditions at 15-25C. ^ EFFECT: improved fire-proof concrete. ^ 1 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the building materials industry and can be used in the manufacture of building products and structures made of heat-resistant concrete.

A known method of producing heat-resistant concrete, which consists in the preparation of a binder, the preparation of aggregate, the preparation of concrete mix, the molding of products and their heat treatment [Toturbiev B.D. Building materials based on sodium silicate compositions. - M.: Stroyizdat., 1988 .-- 208 p.: Ill. - ISBN 5-274-00161-0, p.176-180].

The disadvantages of the method are the multicomponent composition of the concrete mixture, the need for preliminary grinding of each of the three components of the binder with their subsequent joint grinding, which requires the use of energy-intensive equipment: crushers, mills and ultimately leads to the complexity of the whole process and the cost of the finished product.

Closest to the invention, in technical essence, is a method for producing building material, including dosing silica sand and binder components, mixing and forming samples, heat and moisture treatment, and a binder consisting of fly ash obtained from burning brown Kansko is used as a binder -Achinsky coal at TPP-7 in Bratsk, Irkutsk Region, and carbon-containing liquid glass made from large-tonnage waste from the production of crystalline silicon Bratsky aluminum plant - microsilica and containing up to 6-7 wt.% highly dispersed carbon impurities - graphite C and carborundum SiC with silicate module n = 1 and density ρ = 1.45-1.49 g / cm ³ [RF Patent No. 2130904, 1999 g.].

The disadvantage of the described method are the relatively low indicators of heat resistance of building material.

The problem solved by the invention is to improve the quality of concrete.

The technical result is an increase in the heat resistance of concrete.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that the method of producing heat-resistant concrete includes dosing aggregate and binder components, mixing them, molding the products and hardening them, followed by combined aging of the products, screening from crushing diabase with a bulk density ρ = 1565- is used as a filler 1580 kg / m ³ and particle size modulus Mkr = 4.9-4.0 in the following ratio of fractions:

fr. 5 mm 2.5-55% fr. 2.5 mm 22.5-26% fr. 1.25 mm 6.7-15% fr. 0.63 mm 1.7-23% fr. 0.315 mm 3.3-17% fr. 0.14 mm 5-18% fr. less than 0.14 mm 2-2.3%

and as a binder, an ash-and-binder binder is used, consisting of fly ash of the first field obtained from burning brown Kansk-Achinsky coal at TPP-7 in the city of Bratsk in the Irkutsk region and liquid glass made from bulk tonnage from the production of ferrosilicon of the Bratsk ferroalloy plant - bulk silica fume density of 230-245 kg / m ³ and containing highly dispersed crystalline particles of graphite and β-modification of silicon carbide in the amount of 10-13%, with silicate modulus n = 1 and density ρ = 1.38-1.42 g / cm ³ , at the following relation to nents, wt.%:

Indicated fly ash 17.8-38.9 Specified Liquid Glass 20.0-30.2 Indicated Diabase Dropout 35.0-60.0

products are molded by pressing under a load of 7-10 MPa, and hardening is carried out in a heat-moisture treatment chamber at a temperature of 80-85 ° C according to the regime of 1 + 3 + 3 + 3 hours, followed by combined exposure of the steamed-up steamed products for 15 days in water, and then during the next 15 days - in air-dry conditions at a temperature of 15-25 ° C.

Example. Concrete samples were prepared as follows. Fly ash of the first field was mixed with screening from crushing of diabase with bulk density ρ = 1572 kg / m ³ and particle size modulus Mkr = 4.3. After that, everything was closed with silica gel glass with a silicate module n = 1 and a density ρ = 1.42 g / cm ³ . In this case, silica fume with a bulk density of p = 240 kg / m ³ and containing highly dispersed crystalline particles of graphite and β-modification of silicon carbide in an amount of 12% was used to obtain liquid glass. A mixture of ash, screenings from crushing of diabase and liquid glass was mixed in a forced-action concrete mixer for 3-4 minutes. The samples were molded by pressing under a load of 8 MPa. Hardened samples in the chamber of heat-moisture treatment at a temperature of 80-85 ° C according to the regime of 1 + 3 + 3 + 3 hours. After that, the samples were redistributed and aged first for 15 days in water, and then for the next 15 days in air-dry conditions at a temperature of 15-25 ° C. After this, part of the samples was tested for strength, and the rest of the samples were tested for heat resistance. Heat resistance tests were carried out as follows. For this, the samples were placed in an oven, where at a temperature of 105 ± 5 ° C they were kept for 48 hours. Then the dried samples were placed in a chamber electric furnace. The rate of temperature rise was 150 ° C / h; exposure at 1000 ° C was 4 hours. The samples were cooled together with the furnace to room temperature. Heat resistance was evaluated by residual strength. Similarly manufactured and tested samples of two more compounds. The proposed compositions and test results are presented in the table.

Table No. p / p Liquid glass properties The composition of the mixture, parts by weight,% Heat resistance
concrete residual strength (Roc),% Silicate module Density, g / cm ³ Fly ash Liquid glass Diabase screening one one 1.38 23.1 30,0 46.9 125 2 one 1.40 27.3 22.1 50.6 105 3 one 1.42 35,2 27.0 37.8 98

Analysis of the data obtained shows that the proposed method obtained heat-resistant concrete, since the residual strength of the samples tested at a temperature of 1000 ° C is quite high and ranges from 98 to 125%.

The heat resistance of the proposed concrete is due to a sufficiently high thermal resistance and the strength of the materials used - ash-base binder and diabase aggregate. In addition, the high content in the liquid glass of their silica fume of highly dispersed crystalline particles of graphite and β-modification of silicon carbide having high thermal resistance, also contribute to increasing the heat resistance of the proposed concrete. The increase in the heat resistance of concrete after holding steamed samples for 15 days in water and the next 15 days - in air-dry conditions at a temperature of 15-25 ° C is associated with ongoing processes of structure formation of gold-alkali binder - the formation of zeolite-like minerals (it is known that this process is quite long) . And finally, the method of molding concrete also affects its heat resistance. When pressing samples under a load of 7-10 MPa, it is possible to obtain a more dense and cohesive concrete structure that can withstand the effects of high temperatures.

Claims (1)

A method for producing heat-resistant concrete, including dosing aggregate and binder components, mixing them, molding products and hardening them, followed by combined aging of the products, characterized in that screening from crushing diabase with a bulk density of 1565-1580 kg / m ³ and a module is used size MKr = 4.0-4.9 in the following ratio of fractions:
fr. 5 mm 2.5-55% fr. 2.5 mm 22.5-26% fr. 1.25 mm 6.7-15% fr. 0.63 mm 1.7-23% fr. 0.315 mm 3.3-17% fr. 0.14 mm 5-18% fr. less than 0.14 mm 2-2.3%
and as a binder, a gold-alkali binder is used, consisting of fly ash of the first field obtained from burning brown Kansk-Achinsk coal at TPP-7 in the city of Bratsk, Irkutsk region, and liquid glass made from bulk tonnage from the production of ferrosilicon of the Bratsk ferroalloy plant - silica fume bulk density of 230-245 kg / m ³ and containing highly dispersed crystalline particles of graphite and β-modification of silicon carbide in an amount of 10-13%, with a silicate module n = 1 and a density of p = 1.38-1.42 g / cm ³ at the following ratio com ponents, wt.%:
Indicated fly ash 17.8-38.9 Specified Liquid Glass 20.0-30.2 Indicated diabase screening 35.0-60.0
products are molded by pressing under a load of 7-10 MPa, and hardening is carried out in a heat-moisture treatment chamber at a temperature of 80-85 ° C according to the regime of 1 + 3 + 3 + 3 hours, followed by combined exposure of the steamed-up steamed products for 15 days in water, and then over the next 15 days in air-dry conditions at a temperature of 15-25 ° C.