RU2450990C1 - Method to manufacture cement wood - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method of manufacturing includes dosing, mixing to a homogeneous condition, moulding and hardening of a raw mixture, containing a wood filler and an ash-alkali binder, the wood filler is pine chips with particle size of 0.14-10 mm, apparent density of 125-150 kg/m³, moistened to 20% moisture at the following ratio of the particle size, wt %: 5-10 mm -12.5; 1.25-2.5 mm -76.0; 0.315-0.63 mm - 10.3; 0.14 mm and below -1.2, and the binder is an ash-alkali binder, containing fly ash produced from burning brown coals from KATEK at TPP - 7 in Bratsk, Irkutsk region, with apparent density ρ_a=930 kg/m³, and liquid glass with a silicate module n=1 and density of 1.36-1.40 g/cm³, manufactured from multi-tonnage wastes of ferrosilicon from the Bratsk ferroalloy factory of microsilica and containing 5-7% of highly-dispersed flaked graphite and 3-6% β-carborundum at the following ratio of components, wt parts: chips 18-22; fly ash 38-42; liquid glass 38-42, and hardening is first carried out in a steaming chamber at T=80-85°C according to the mode 2+2+2+2 hr, and then in air-dry conditions at T=20±2°C or 18-22°C for 60 days.

EFFECT: reduced density of a cement wood, higher heat insulation properties of a cement wood.

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Description

The invention relates to the construction materials industry and can be used in the manufacture of products from heat-insulating wood concrete.

A known method of manufacturing arbolita, which consists in the fact that the wood aggregate is soaked for an hour, then squeezed in a centrifuge for 5 minutes, then mixed with additives, cement and water [A.S. USSR No. 1534031, 1990, BI No. 1].

The disadvantages of this method are the multicomponent composition, low coefficient of structural quality and high energy consumption of Portland cement.

The closest analogue to the described invention is a method of manufacturing arbolite, in which wood aggregate - sawdust larch moisten up to 10% moisture, mixed with fly ash from burning brown coal of KATEK. After that, carbon-containing liquid silica glass with silicate module n = 1 and density ρ = 1.45 ... 1.48 g / cm ^{3 is} added to the mixture. The mixture is mixed until homogeneous in a forced-action mixer for 3-5 minutes, after which samples are formed by layer-by-layer vibropressing, then hardening at T = 80-90 ° C for 12 hours in a steaming chamber [patent No. 2130438, 1999, BI No. 14].

The disadvantage of the described method is the relatively high density of arbolite, and therefore, low heat-shielding properties.

The problem solved by the invention is to improve the heat-shielding properties of wood concrete.

The technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that the method of manufacturing arbolite includes dosing, mixing to a homogeneous state, molding and hardening of the raw material mixture, including wood aggregate and ash and alkaline binder, pine sawdust with particle sizes of 0.14-10 mm are used as wood filler, bulk density 125-150 kg / m ³ , moistened to 20% humidity with the following ratio of particle size, wt.%:

5-10 mm - 12.5;

1.25-2.5 mm - 76.0;

0.315-0.63 mm - 10.3;

0.14 mm and less - 1.2,

and as a binder, a gold-alkali binder is used, consisting of fly ash obtained from burning KATEK brown coal at a CHPP - 7 in Bratsk, Irkutsk Region, with a bulk density ρ _n = 930 kg / m ³ , and liquid glass with silicate module n = 1 and a density of 1.36-1.40 g / cm ³ made from bulk waste ferrosilicon of the Bratsk ferroalloy plant of silica fume and containing 5-7% highly dispersed flake graphite and 3-6% β-carborundum in the following ratio of components, wt. parts:

Sawdust 18-22 Fly ash 38-42 Liquid glass 38-42

and hardening is carried out first in a steaming chamber at T = 80-85 ° C according to the regime of 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 hours, and then in air-dry conditions at T = 20 ± 2 ° C for 60 days.

EXAMPLE

Arbolit was prepared as follows. The wood aggregate (sawdust of pine) is moistened to 20% moisture and mixed with ash with a bulk density ρ _n = 930 kg / m ³ . The mixture is sealed with liquid silica fume glass containing 5-7% finely dispersed flake graphite and 3-6% β-carborundum, with a silicate module n = 1 and a density of 1.36-1.40 g / cm ³ . The ratio between the components of the mixture (wt. Parts) is: "Sawdust: Ash: Liquid glass" = 1: 2: 2.

The mixture is mixed until smooth in a forced-action mixer for 2-3 minutes. After that, cube samples of 15 * 15 * 15 cm in size and samples - beams of 4 * 4 * 16 cm in size are formed. All samples are cured in a steaming chamber at T = 80-85 ° С according to the 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 hour mode and then in air-dry conditions at T = 20 ± 2 ° C for 60 days.

The main indicators of the resulting arbolite are given in the table.

The main properties of wood concrete Indicators Test results Density, kg / m ³ 498-506 Bending Strength, MPa 1.2-1.25 The limit of compressive strength, MPa 1.15-1.22

Analysis of the data shows that with sufficient strength, the arbolite made by the proposed method has a significantly lower density (only 498 kg / m ³ ) than the arbolite according to the prototype (950 kg / m ³ ). Such a decrease in the density of the material (by 450 kg / m ³ or more than 2 times) allows not only to reduce the cost of transportation of products from wood concrete, but also the main thing is to use the proposed material as an environmentally friendly heat-insulating material.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing arbolite, including dosing, mixing to a homogeneous state, molding and hardening of the raw material mixture, including wood aggregate and ash and alkaline binder, characterized in that pine sawdust with a particle size of 0.14-10 mm, bulk density 125- is used as wood filler 150 kg / m ³ moistened to 20% moisture with the following ratio of particle size, wt.%:
5-10 mm 12.5 1.25-2.5 mm 76.0 0.315-0.63 mm 10.3 0.14 mm and less 1,2
and as a binder, a gold-alkali binder is used, consisting of fly ash obtained from burning KATEK brown coal at a CHPP - 7 in Bratsk, Irkutsk Region, with a bulk density ρ _n = 930 kg / m ³ , and liquid glass with silicate module n = 1 and a density of 1.36-1.40 g / cm ³ made from bulk tonnage ferrosilicon waste of the Bratsk ferroalloy plant of silica fume and containing 5-7% highly dispersed flake graphite and 3-6% β-carborundum in the following ratio, wt.h. :
Sawdust 18-22 Fly ash 38-42 Liquid glass 38-42,
and hardening is carried out first in a steaming chamber at T = 80-85 ° C according to the 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 h regime, and then in air-dry conditions at T = 20 ± 2 ° C or 18-22 ° C for 60 days.