RU2327671C1 - Composition for production of gas expanded concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of construction materials.

SUBSTANCE: composition for the production of gas expanded concrete contains the following components, % weight: cement 15-50, crushed basalt with a particle size of 1.0-2.0mm 31-42, aluminium powder 0.10-0.45, caustic soda 0.05-0.45, water being the remaining.

EFFECT: enhanced heat-insulating and mechanical strength properties of gas expanded concrete.

1 ex, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials for structural and insulating purposes and can be used in the manufacture of building products for the construction of residential, public and industrial buildings up to 3 floors without an internal frame.

Known raw mix for the manufacture of heat-insulating molding products, comprising the following components in the ratio, parts by weight: caustic magnesite 95-100; an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride with a density of 1.2-1.25 kg / m ³ 80-85; tuff sand 250-300; hydrogen peroxide 7.5-10.0; used machine oil 5.0-67.5 (see ed. St. USSR No. 1749211, class C04B 38/08).

The disadvantages of this raw material mixture are an insufficient amount of magnesium chloride solution to obtain acceptable mobility of the mixture necessary for good mixing and retention in the volume of the mixture released during decomposition of hydrogen peroxide gas and low strength properties of building products made on the basis of magnesian binders. In addition, the composition of the raw material mixture contains in large quantities a rare and scarce component - tuff sand.

The closest composition to the proposed one is a composition for producing aerated concrete (see RF patent No. 2255070, class С04В 38/02), containing the following components, wt.%:

Cement 15-50

Sand 31-42

Aluminum powder 0.10-0.45

Caustic soda 0.05-0.45

Water rest

The disadvantages of this raw material mixture are the low thermal insulation and strength characteristics of the resulting aerated concrete.

The technical result achieved in the proposed invention is to increase the insulating and strength characteristics of aerated concrete.

The technical result is achieved by a composition for producing aerated concrete containing cement, filler, aluminum powder, caustic soda, water, while it contains ground basalt fraction 1.0-2.0 mm, with the following components, wt.%:

Cement 15-50

Basalt 31-42

Aluminum powder 0.10-0.45

Caustic soda 0.05-0.45

Water rest

The invention consists in the following. When using basalt having a low coefficient of thermal conductivity as a filler, the thermal insulation characteristics of the resulting aerated concrete increase. When using crushed basalt fractions of 1.0-2.0 mm, the strength of the resulting aerated concrete increases. The increase in the strength of aerated concrete occurs as a result of a more solid connection of basalt with cement, because in the process of grinding basalt, juvenile surfaces with increased activation energy appear on the cleaved surfaces of basalt particles, which contributes to an increase in the adhesive properties of cleaved basalt surfaces.

Based on the foregoing analysis of known technical solutions, we can conclude that for specialists the obtained properties of aerated concrete by using the inventive composition of the mixture do not follow explicitly from the prior art. Therefore, the claimed composition for producing aerated concrete meets the condition of patentability "inventive step".

Example

In order to confirm the achievement of the technical result, studies were conducted. To do this, prepared in the appropriate proportions of the constituent components 5, the composition of the mixture to obtain aerated concrete (see table 1) and the known composition (see table 1). To prepare the mixture used cement grade M500, aluminum powder grade PAP-1. After that, aerated concrete was prepared according to the following technology. Water with a temperature of 65-90 ° C was poured into the concrete mixer, caustic soda was poured, the concrete mixer was turned on and the soda was dissolved with stirring. Then cement and crushed basalt were poured and uniform mixing was achieved. After that, aluminum powder, previously diluted in water, was added, and after 1-2 minutes, the resulting mixture was poured into molds. In the form of a mixture swells and sets. Exposure is 24 hours. Then, after 7 days, the obtained aerated concrete was studied. The results are shown in table.2.

An analysis of the results shows that when using basalt, a fraction of 1.0 mm (composition 2, see Table 1), a fraction of 1.5 (composition 3), a fraction of 2.0 mm (composition 4), the ultimate strength of the obtained aerated concrete is higher (cm Table 2), and the coefficient of thermal conductivity is less than that of aerated concrete made from a known mixture composition, i.e. there is a technical result. When using a basalt fraction of 0.5 mm (composition 1), the thermal conductivity of the obtained aerated concrete is greater than that of aerated concrete obtained from a known mixture, the technical result cannot be obtained. When using basalt fractions of 2.5 mm (composition 5), the tensile strength of the obtained aerated concrete is equal to the tensile strength of aerated concrete obtained from a known composition of the mixture, and it is not possible to achieve a technical result.

Thus, only when using the composition of the mixture in the claimed range of constituent components (compositions 2, 3, 4), the claimed technical result is achieved — an increase in the thermal insulation and strength characteristics of aerated concrete.

Table 1 No. p / p Aerated Concrete Components The content of components, wt.% Composition 1 Composition 2 Composition 3 Composition 4 Composition 5 Famous Composition one Cement thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty 2 Basalt 26 31 36 42 47 - 3 Basalt fraction size, mm 0.5 1,0 1,5 2.0 2,5 - four Sand - - - - - 35 5 Aluminum powder 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 6 Caustic soda 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 7 Water 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 33.9 table 2 No. p / p Properties, indicators Composition 1 Composition 2 Composition 3 Composition 4 Composition 5 Famous Composition one Density, kg / m ³ 288 312 438 594 645 600 2 The limit of compressive strength, MPa 4.8 4.6 4.1 3.9 2,5 2,5 3 The coefficient of thermal conductivity, kcal / m · hour · hail 1,985 0,995 0,991 0.874 0.871 1.95

Claims (1)

Composition for producing aerated concrete containing cement, filler, aluminum powder, caustic soda, water, characterized in that as a filler it contains crushed basalt fraction 1.0-2.0 mm in the following components, wt.%: Cement 15-50 Basalt 31-42 Aluminum powder 0.10-0.45 Caustic soda 0.05-0.45 Water  Rest