RU2327039C1 - Excavation method of alluvial deposits and technological complex for its fulfillment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining engineering.

SUBSTANCE: excavation method of alluvial deposits includes preliminary preparation of riffled opening and disruption module, preliminary mechanical breakage and fluid wash of formation in mine face, its distillation and direction into riffled opening, free-flow formation water transportation with its free slacking in transportation process. Following breakage, disintegration and supplying on formation processing are made consequently in disintegration module of technological complex, at that formation breakage is made under the influence of surface-active environment - water and moving with periodical vertical deepening of disintegrating scoop with cone bottom, and formation disintegration and carrying out of dead ground into barrow are made with moving of module fixed at the traverse pier with disintegrated scoop before carrying of prepared formation on processing complex conveyer.

EFFECT: effectiveness improvement of excavation with intensification of the formation breakage process with complex mechanical-and-physical properties while alluvial deposits working.

6 dwg 2 cl

Description

The invention relates to mining and is intended for the open development of alluvial deposits.

There is a method of developing placers with a stationary tower excavator, the machine tower of which was installed on the foundation and strengthened by extensions. The bucket was moved to feed the rock for processing by a double-drum winch / 1 /.

This method does not provide effective preparation of rocks of increased strength and clay content for processing and cannot be used at sites with complex physical and mechanical characteristics.

Known methods for open mining of minerals using pelleting equipment / 2 /.

These methods are unsuitable for large boulders, strong cementation of the rock and for highly plastic clays.

A known hydraulic method of developing placers, including the preliminary preparation of the rutted ditch, mechanical destruction and hydraulic erosion of the rock in the face, forcing and directing the rock into the rutted ditch, pressure-free transportation of the rock with its free soaking during transportation / 3 /.

This method is ineffective in the development of cemented rock or rocks with increased ductility.

The closest in technical essence are geotechnological complexes with multi-stage disintegration, including a preliminary mechanical or hydraulic loosening module, a disintegration module, installed below the non-pressure hydrotransport system for washed rock, transportation system, dump system, processing complex / 4-6 /.

These complexes have increased labor intensity during operation and are less effective in the processing of rocks with a high content of limestone and sandstone.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of mining by intensifying the process of destruction of rocks with complex physical and mechanical properties in the development of placers.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of developing placers, including preliminary preparation of the rut ditch and the disintegration module, preliminary mechanical destruction and hydraulic erosion of the rock in the bottom, forcing and directing the rock into the rut ditch, pressureless hydrotransport of the rock with its free crushing during transportation, subsequent destruction , disintegration and submission to the processing of rock are carried out in the disintegration module sequentially, while the destruction of the rock occurs according to by the action of a surface-active medium - water and a disintegrating bucket with a conical bottom moving with periodic vertical immersions, and rock disintegration and waste rock removal into the dump are carried out by moving the module with a disintegrating bucket installed on the crossbar before feeding the prepared rock to the conveyors of the processing complex.

In the technological complex, which includes a module for preliminary mechanical destruction and hydraulic washing of the rock in the face with guiding shields, a disintegration module located below the level of the dredged ditch for hydrotransporting the rock, a processing complex with conveyors and a dumping system for waste rock, the disintegration module is combined with a dumping system and equipped with an overpass with a two-bucket module installed with the ability to move along the crossbar of the flyover, with the flyover installed on rigid supports located along the disintegration module on both sides, with the possibility of moving along the rigid supports on the rolling bearings, and the two-bucket module is equipped with a drive for its longitudinal movement, the feed bucket is equipped with a vertical movement drive and a rotation drive in a vertical plane, and the disintegrating bucket is equipped with a drive for its vertical movement, the drive turning it in a vertical plane and is made with slots of a given size in width and a conical bottom, while the drive turning the disintegrating the bucket is mounted for movement in the slots of the suspension.

The possibility of forming the required sequence of actions by the proposed means allows us to solve the problem, determines the novelty, industrial applicability and inventive step of development.

The technological complex for implementing the method of developing placers is shown in the drawings.

Figure 1 is a General view of the technological complex, overpass with a disintegration module in the initial position; figure 2 is a view of figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1; figure 4 is a view In figure 1, two-bucket module; figure 5 - remote element of the disintegrating bucket with the slots of figure 4; in Fig.6 is a view of G in Fig.5, the conical bottom of the disintegrating bucket.

The technological complex contains module 1 of preliminary mechanical destruction and hydraulic erosion of the rock in the face 2 with guiding shields 3, a disintegration module 4 located below the level of the dredged ditch 5 for hydrotransporting the rock, a processing complex 6 with conveyors 7, 8, and a dumping system 9 for waste rock. The disintegration module 4 is equipped with a flyover 10 with a two-bucket module 11 mounted for movement along the cross member 12 of the flyover 10. The flyover 10 is mounted on rigid supports 13 located along the disintegration module 4 from two sides 14, with the possibility of moving along the rigid supports 13 on the rolling bearings 15 using the drive 16. The two-bucket module 11 is equipped with a drive 17 for its longitudinal movement along the cross member 12. The feed bucket 18 is equipped with a vertical movement drive 19 and a rotation drive 20 in a vertical plane 21. Disintegrator the bucket 22 is equipped with a drive 23 for its vertical movement, a drive 24 for turning it in a vertical plane 25 and is made with slots 26 of a given size along the width 27 and the conical bottom 28. The disinfection module 4 is combined with the dumping system 9 by the possibility of moving the overpass 10 along the blade 29. The dumping system 9 also includes a two-bucket module 11 with a disintegrating bucket 22, which performs the functions of disintegration and removal of waste rock from the disintegration module 4. A rotation drive 24 of the disintegrating bucket 22 is installed with the ability to move in the slots 30 of the suspension 31.

The method is implemented as follows.

Carry out preliminary preparation of the grooved ditch 5 and the disintegration module 4. The grooved ditch 5 connects the module 1 to the disintegration module 4. Preliminary mechanical destruction and hydraulic washing of the rock in the face 2, the rock is forwarded and directed into the grooved groove 5 using guide shields 3. On the grooved groove 5, pressure-free hydrotransportation of the rock is carried out with its free soaking during transportation. Simultaneously with the entry of the rock into the disintegration module 4 and filling it to a certain level, the overpass 10 is installed in the extreme initial position above the disintegration module 4 from the side of the waste blade 29. The flyover 10 is moved with the help of the drive 16 and the rolling bearings 15 along the rigid supports 13 located along the disintegration module 4 on both sides 14. The two-bucket module 11 in the initial position is oriented by the drive 17 on the cross member 12 of the flyover 10 from the opposite side of the threaded ditch 5 for hydrotransport breed. Simultaneously with the reverse movement of the trestle 10 with the two-bucket module 11, the drive 23 for the vertical movement of the disintegrating bucket 22 is turned on for the periodic action of the conical bottom 28 of the disintegrating bucket 22 on the rock in the water. The rotation drive 24 of the disintegrating bucket 22 at this moment moves in the slots 30 of the suspension 31. Under the influence of a surface-active medium - water and periodic mechanical action of the conical bottom 28, active rock destruction occurs. When the overpass 10 reaches the extreme position of the disintegration module 4, which is opposite to the initial one, the actuator 23 orientates the disintegrating bucket 22 to a certain immersion depth, and the actuator 24 rotates the disintegrating bucket 22 in a vertical plane 25 at an angle ensuring rock loading. Rock capture, disintegration — separation of a large fraction through slits 26 of a given size along a width of 27, displacement of a two-bucket module 11 into the dump zone 29 for empty rock, and unloading of the rock occur. When the rock, which has undergone destruction and disintegration in the disintegration module 4, is ready for reloading to the processing complex 6, using the feed bucket 18, equipped with a vertical displacement drive 19 and a rotation drive 20 thereof in a vertical plane 21, the prepared rock is captured and conveyed to conveyors 7 and 8, ensuring the delivery of disintegrated rock to the processing complex 6.

The method of developing placers through this technological complex increases the efficiency of mining by intensifying the destruction process and preparing the rock for further processing.

Information sources

1. Shorokhov S.M. Technology and comprehensive mechanization of placer mining. Ed. 2nd rev. and add. M., Nedra, 1973, p. 258, fig. 80.

2. Handbook for the development of placers. / Under the general ed. V.P. Berezina, V.G. Leshkova, L.P. Matsueva, S.V. Potemkina. M., Nedra, 1973, p. 177, Fig. 39.

3. Handbook for the development of placers. / Under the general ed. V.P. Berezina, V.G. Leshkova, L.P. Matsueva, S.V. Potemkina. M., Nedra, 1973, p. 347, Fig. 94.

4. Khrunina N.P., Mamaev Yu.A. and others. Geotechnological complex with multi-stage disintegration: Patent RU 2209678, IPC V03V 5/00, E21C 41/26, 08/10/03. Bull. Number 22. (prototype).

5. Khrunina NP, Mamaev Yu.A. et al. Geotechnological complex with multi-stage disintegration: Patent RU 2209974, IPC Е21С 41/30, В03В 5/00, 08/10/03. Bull. Number 22. (prototype).

6. Khrunina N.P. Geotechnological complex with multi-stage disintegration: Patent RU 2206403, IPC V03V 5/00, Е21С 41/26, 06/20/03. Bull. No. 27 (prototype).

Claims (2)

1. A method of developing placers, including preliminary preparation of a dredged ditch and a disintegration module, preliminary mechanical destruction and hydraulic washing of the rock in the bottom, forcing and directing the rock into the dredged ditch, pressure-free hydrotransport of the rock with its free soaking during transportation, characterized in that the subsequent destruction, disintegration and feed to the rock for processing is carried out sequentially in the disintegration module, while the destruction of the rock occurs under the influence of surface - an active medium - water and a disintegrating bucket with a conical bottom moving with periodic vertical dives, and rock disintegration and waste rock removal to the dump are carried out by moving the module with the disintegrating bucket installed on the crossbar before feeding the prepared rock to the conveyors of the processing complex. 2. The technological complex, including the module of preliminary mechanical destruction and hydraulic washing of the rock in the face with guiding shields, a disintegration module located below the level of the dredged ditch for hydrotransporting the rock, a processing complex with conveyors and a dumping system for waste rock, characterized in that the disintegration module is combined with a dumping system and is equipped with a flyover with a two-bucket module installed with the ability to move along the crossbar of the flyover, the cad is mounted on rigid supports located along the disintegration module on two sides, with the possibility of moving along the rigid supports on the rolling bearings, the two-bucket module is provided with a drive for its longitudinal movement, the feed bucket is equipped with a vertical movement drive and a rotation drive in a vertical plane, and the disintegration bucket is equipped with a drive its vertical movement, its rotation drive in a vertical plane and is made with slots of a given size in width and conical bottom, while the rotation drive d the disintegrating bucket is installed with the ability to move in the slots of the suspension.

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