RU2363849C2 - Method of underground hydraulic development of solid mineral deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to underground development of mineral deposits, particularly to hydraulic excavation. The method consists in exposure of deposit by means of boreholes, in hydraulic fragmentation of rock with pressure water jet, in disintegrating and in converting fragmented mass into slurry in a working face, in transporting slurry from the working face to a pulp receiving borehole, and in lifting slurry to surface; also, prior to lifting slurry to surface it is intensively mixed; its heavy barren part (barren rock) is settled on the bottom of the washed-out cavity, thus backfilling mined space; further, light-weighted part of slurry consisting of mineral pulp is sucked off to an upper section of the cavity, wherefrom slurry (concentrated water-coal fuel) is lifted to surface and is transported directly to a consumer via pipes.

EFFECT: realisation of method in this way eliminates necessity to concentrate slurry on surface, to pile rejects and, consequently, decreases land subsidence owing to left in thickness barren rock, which serves as backfilling material of mined space in this case.

Description

The invention relates to underground mining, and in particular to underground hydraulic mining of solid mineral deposits.

Known and closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of underground hydraulic mining of solid mineral deposits, in which minerals are transferred at the place of occurrence into a hydraulic mixture.

The main technological processes in modern hydraulic production are opening a field using wells. Hydraulic destruction (erosion) by a pressurized water jet, disintegration and transfer of the destroyed mass into a slurry in the bottom, transportation of the slurry from the bottom to the slurry well, lifting the slurry to the surface, enrichment, storage of tailings, clarification of recycled water and water supply, rock pressure control [1] .

The disadvantages of this method is that the enrichment is carried out on the surface of the earth. Enrichment tailings are created, large areas of land are removed for their location, negative environmental consequences are created, the earth's surface subsides over the worked out space, as well as economic and environmental losses associated with multiple breaks of the technological chain due to unloading and loading of fuel during its enrichment and transportation to to the consumer.

The aim of the invention is the elimination of environmental consequences due to the preparation of slurry in the place of occurrence of minerals.

This goal is achieved by the fact that before lifting the mixture from the bottom to the surface, it is mixed and a heavy part of the gangue is deposited on the bottom of the extraction cavity, and then the lightened part of the hydraulic mixture consisting of mineral pulp is raised to the surface and sent to the consumer or processed through pipes .

The essence of the method is as follows. When mining a mineral deposit, for example coal, shale, etc., its opening is carried out using wells with hydraulic monitors, i.e. produce hydraulic destruction by a pressure jet of water, achieving disintegration and transfer to the bottom of the destroyed rock mass in a hydraulic mixture.

The resulting slurry is intensively mixed and then defended, while the deposition of its heavy part occurs under the dead weight of the empty rock at the bottom of the washed cavity. After deposition of the heavy part, the mineral pulp is transported to the slurry well with its further transportation through pipes to the surface and to the consumer.

Thus, the preparation of the slurry in underground conditions eliminates the need to enrich the slurry on the surface, storing the tailings of the dressing, reduces the subsidence of the earth's surface by leaving empty rock in the mined space that precipitates and plays the role of laying the mined space.

This method allows for a continuous process of mining, beneficiation and its delivery to the consumer in automatic mode without the issuance of enrichment waste to the surface.

Information sources

1. Mountain encyclopedia. Volume 4, p. 549, Moscow, Soviet Encyclopedia Publishing House, 1989 (prototype).

Claims (1)

The method of underground hydraulic mining of solid mineral deposits, which consists in opening the field with wells, hydraulic destruction of the rock and creating a hydraulic mixture, transporting the hydraulic mixture from the bottom to the slurry well, feeding the hydraulic mixture to the surface, storing the tailings, clarifying the circulating water and controlling the rock pressure with a bookmark, characterized in that before lifting the slurry from the bottom to the surface, it is intensively mixed, then a heavy part is precipitated gangue leachable on the bottom of the cavity, and the lightweight portion of the slurry consisting of the mineral slurry is sucked pulpopriemnoy borehole and transported to the consumer.