RU2325530C1 - Geotechnological complex for gold dredging and placer mining - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry.

SUBSTANCE: said geotechnological complex incorporates a trestle with a tumbling bucket, a tumbling module with a chute located inside the closed loop of trench for disintegrated rock accumulation. The chute is directed along the rock inflow. The tumbling bucket installation provides for possibility of linear and angular displacement in the vertical plane; the bucket has slots and L-shaped rippers.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of mining due to intensification of disintegration of rock with complex physical and mechanical properties during dredging and placer mining.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mining and is intended for the open development of alluvial deposits.

There is a method of developing placers with a stationary tower excavator, the machine tower of which was installed on the foundation and strengthened by extensions. The bucket was moved to feed the rock for processing by a double-drum winch [1].

This method does not provide effective preparation of rocks of increased strength and clay content for processing and cannot be used at sites with complex physical and mechanical characteristics.

Known methods of open mining of minerals using pelleted equipment [2].

These methods are not suitable for large boulders, strong cementation of the rock and for highly plastic clays.

A known hydraulic method of developing placers, including the preliminary preparation of a rutted ditch, mechanical destruction and hydraulic erosion of the rock in the face, forcing and directing the rock into the rutted ditch, pressure-free transportation of the rock with its free soaking during transportation [3].

This method is ineffective in the development of cemented rock or rocks with increased ductility.

The closest in technical essence are geotechnological complexes with multi-stage disintegration, including a preliminary mechanical or hydraulic loosening module, a disintegration module, installed below the non-pressure hydrotransport system of washed rock, transportation system, dump system, processing complex [4, 5, 6].

These complexes have increased labor intensity during operation and are less effective in the processing of rocks with a high content of limestone and sandstone.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of mining by intensifying the process of destruction of rocks with complex physical and mechanical properties in the development of placers.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the geotechnical complex for the development of gold-bearing placers, including a module for preliminary mechanical destruction and hydraulic washing of the rock in the face with guiding shields, a disintegration module located below the level of the dredged ditch for hydrotransporting the rock, a processing complex with hydrotransport systems and a waste rock dumping system , the disintegration module is equipped with a gutter located inside the closed ditch circuit for accumulation of disintegrated rock and oriented along the flow of rock from the ditch for hydrotransporting the rock with an inclination towards unloading empty rock, the trough is equipped with a flyover installed along it and rigidly fixed on the supports with a disintegrating bucket moving on the crossbar through the drive, while the disintegrating bucket is mounted with the ability to move and rotation in a vertical plane and is equipped with slots and L-shaped rippers, and on both sides of the gutter transverse gutters are installed with with a step bottom and spring-loaded disintegrators pivotally mounted on the walls of the transverse grooves on both sides, above the level of the upper edge of the steps and with a shift of the vertical axis of the hinge relative to the steps in the direction of the pulp movement along the transverse grooves, while the steps and spring-loaded disintegrators are made at an angle to the vertical walls transverse gutters.

The possibility of forming the required sequence of actions by the proposed means allows us to solve the problem, determines the novelty, industrial applicability and inventive step of development.

The geotechnological complex for the development of gold-bearing placers is shown in the drawings.

Figure 1 - General view of the technological complex; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a view of B in figure 1; figure 4 - bucket for disintegration of rocks with a L-shaped cultivator, figure 5 - peaked cultivators.

The geotechnological complex for the development of gold-bearing placers contains module 1 of preliminary mechanical destruction and hydraulic erosion of the rock in the face 2 with guiding shields 3, a disintegration module 4 located below the level of the ditch 5 for hydrotransporting the rock, a processing complex 6 with hydrotransport systems 7 and a waste rock dumping system 8. The disintegration module 4 is equipped with a groove 9 located inside the contour of the closed ditch 10 for accumulating disintegrated rock and oriented along the flow of the rock from the ditch 5 for hydrotransporting the rock with a slope 11 towards the discharge zone of the empty rock 12. Along the gutter 9 and above it is mounted and rigidly fixed on the supports 13 of the overpass 14 with a disintegrating bucket 17 moving through the drive 15 on the cross member 16 of the overpass 14. The disintegrating bucket 17 is mounted with the possibility of movement and rotation in a vertical plane bones 18 and is provided with slots 19 and L-shaped rippers 20. On both sides 21 of the groove 9 are installed transverse grooves 22 with a stepped bottom 23 and spring-loaded disintegrators 24, which are pivotally mounted 25 on the vertical walls 26 of the transverse grooves 22 on both sides 27, above the level the upper edges 28 of the steps 29 and with a shift of 30 vertical axes 31 of the hinges 25 relative to the steps 29 in the direction of movement of the pulp 32 along the transverse grooves 22. The steps 29 and the spring-loaded disintegrators 24 are made at angles 33, 34 to the vertical walls 26 across the main grooves 22. Between the groove 9 and the transverse grooves 22 there are walls 35 with slots 36 of a given size. The bucket 17 performs the function of a waste rock dumping system 8.

The geotechnological complex for the development of gold-bearing placers works as follows.

Carry out preliminary preparation of the ditch 5 for hydrotransport, the ditch to accommodate the groove 9 of the disintegration module 4 with transverse grooves 22 and the closed ditch 10 for the accumulation of disintegrated rock. The groove 9 and the transverse grooves 22 of the disintegration module 4 are located below the level of the hydrotransport ditch 5, and the closed ditch 10 is located below the level of the bottom of the gutter 9. The gutter 9 at the junctions with the ditch 5 for hydrotransport and the unloading rock area 12 overlaps the closed ditch 10 for accumulation disintegrated rock and made with a slope of 11 towards the discharge zone of waste rock 12. Preliminary mechanical destruction and hydraulic erosion of the rock in the bottom 2 module 1, forcing and direction of the rock into the ditch 5 with p power guide boards 3. gutter 5 are depressurized Hydrotransportation breed. With the receipt of the rock in the chute 9 of the disintegration module 4 and filling it to a certain level, the disintegrating bucket 17, using the drive 15, moves on the cross member 16 of the flyover 14, which is rigidly fixed on the supports 13, to its initial position, rotates so that the L-shaped cultivators 20, adjacent to the bottom of the disintegrating bucket 17, occupied a vertical position. The disintegrating bucket 17 is lowered in the vertical plane 18, the pointed protruding parts of the L-shaped cultivators 20 act on the rock, destroy and partially disintegrate it. The disintegrating bucket 17 at this moment moves on the cross member 16 of the overpass 14 towards the ditch 5. Having reached the extreme position on the cross member 16 from the side of the ditch 5, the disintegrating bucket 17 is rotated in the vertical plane 18 so as to grab the rock, additionally disintegrate it through the slots 19, make and unload it in the unloading rock unloading zone 12. The disintegrating bucket 17 performs the function of a dumping system 8. Partially crushed and disintegrated rock with pulp from the groove 9, through slots 36 of the walls 35 enters into the transverse grooves 22 installed on both sides 21 of the groove 9. The steps 29 at angles 33 allow a portion of the small pieces of rock in the pulp to pass through the gap formed between the lower part of the spring-loaded disintegrators 24 and the upper edges 28 of the steps 29 from the side of the spring-loaded 25 spring disintegrators 24. The changing pressure due to the accumulation on the part of the steps 29 of the solid component of the pulp periodically rotates the spring-loaded disintegrators 24, articulated 25 and attached at vertical angles 34 ax 26 of the transverse grooves 22 on both sides 27, above the level of the upper edge 28 of the steps 29, i.e. with a gap to avoid jamming, and with a shift of 30 vertical axes 31 of the hinges 25 relative to the steps 29 in the direction of the direction of movement 32 of the pulp. Periodic weakening of the flow due to the uneven flow of pulp from the trough 9 allows the spring-loaded disintegrators 24 to periodically return to their original position. At the time of return of the spring-loaded disintegrators 24, pulp oscillations and blows to pieces of rock of various sizes occur. The stepped bottom 23 of the transverse grooves also contributes to additional disintegration. When falling from the steps 29, the pulp acquires additional acceleration, which makes it possible to intensify the process of destruction of pieces of rock. An additional disintegration of the rock is carried out and its gradual entry into the closed ditch 10. Due to the slope of the ditch 10, the pulp is accumulated from the side of the hydrotransport system 7 and fed to the processing complex 6.

The geotechnological complex for the development of gold-bearing placers increases the efficiency of mining by intensifying the destruction process and preparing the rock for further processing.

Information sources

1. Shorokhov S.M. Technology and comprehensive mechanization of placer mining. Ed. 2nd rev. and add. M .: Nedra, 1973, p. 258, fig. 80.

2. Handbook for the development of placers. Under the general editorship of V.P. Berezin, V.G. Leshkov, L.P. Matsuev, S.V. Potemkin. M .: Nedra, 1973, p. 177, Fig. 39.

3. Handbook for the development of placers. Under the general editorship of V.P. Berezin, V.G. Leshkov, L.P. Matsuev, S.V. Potemkin. M .: Nedra, 1973, p. 347, Fig. 94.

4. Khrunina N.P., Mamaev Yu.A. and others. Geotechnological complex with multi-stage disintegration: Patent RU 2209678, IPC V03V 5/00, E21C 41/26, 08/10/03, Bull. Number 22. (prototype).

5. Khrunina NP, Mamaev Yu.A. and others. Geotechnological complex with multi-stage disintegration: Patent RU 2209974, IPC E21C 41/30, V03V 5/00, 08/10/03, Bull. No. 22 (prototype).

6. Khrunina N.P. Geotechnological complex with multi-stage disintegration: Patent RU 2206403, IPC V03V 5/00, Е21С 41/26, 06.20.03, Bull. No. 27 (prototype).

Claims (1)

A geotechnological complex for the development of gold-bearing placers, including a module for preliminary mechanical destruction and hydraulic erosion of the rock in the face with guiding shields, a disintegration module located below the level of the dredged ditch for hydrotransporting the rock, a processing complex with hydrotransport systems and a waste rock dump system, characterized in that the disintegration module equipped with a gutter located inside the closed ditch circuit for the accumulation of disintegrated pores oriented along the flow of rock from the ditch for hydrotransporting the rock with an inclination towards unloading the empty rock, the gutter is equipped with a flyover installed along it and rigidly fixed on the supports with a disintegrating bucket moving on the crossbar over the driveway, while the disintegrating bucket is mounted with the ability to move and rotation in the vertical plane and is equipped with slots and L-shaped rippers, and on both sides of the gutter there are transverse gutters with a stepped bottom and a spring nennymi disintegrants, hinged on the walls of the transverse troughs on both sides, above the level of the upper rungs edge and shear vertical pivot axis with respect to steps toward the direction of pulp movement in transverse trenches, wherein the step and the spring-loaded disintegrants formed at an angle to the vertical walls of the cross-channels.

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