RU2398751C1 - Ceramic mixture for making ceramic bricks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the industry of ceramic materials, mainly to compositions of mixtures for making bricks. The ceramic mixture for making ceramic bricks contains low-melting point clay and basalt-doleritic wastes from production of mineral wool containing the following in wt %: SiO2 - 48.2; AI2O3- 18.6; Fe2O3 -14.35; CaO - 7.8; MgO - 3.05; R2O - 3.25, with the following ratio of components in wt %: low-melting point clay - 70-90; basalt-doleritic wastes from production of mineral wool - 10-30. ^ EFFECT: higher compression strength of articles. ^ 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the industry of ceramic materials, mainly to compositions of the masses for ceramic bricks.

The ceramic mass for producing bricks of the following composition is known, wt.%: Clay part of the “tails” of gravity of zircon-ilmenite ores - 20-70, ash TPP - 30-80 / Abdrakhimov DV Ceramic brick from industrial wastes / D.V. Abdrakhimov, E.S. Abdrakhimova, V.Z. Abdrakhimov. // Construction Materials. - 1999. - No. 9. - C 34-35 / [1].

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low compressive strength of the brick (10.4-16.8 MPa).

Closest to the invention is a ceramic mass for the manufacture of bricks, including the following components, wt.%: Low-melting clay - 10-97, waste basalt mixture - 3-35, the clay part of the "tailings" of gravity zircon-ilmenite ores - 5-55 / Vdovina E.V. Investigation of the physicomechanical parameters of bricks by the regression method / E.V. Vdovina, A.V. Abdrakhimov, V.Z. Abdrakhimov, E.S. Abdrakhimova // University proceedings. Construction. 2007. No3. S.40-46 / [2]. Adopted for the prototype.

The disadvantage of this composition of the ceramic mass is the relatively low compressive strength of the brick.

The essence of the invention is to increase the compressive strength of a brick.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the compressive strength of a brick.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that waste of basalt-dolerite mixture of production of mineral wool is additionally introduced into the well-known ceramic mass, including low-melting clay, in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

fusible clay 70-90 waste basalt-dolerite mixture production mineral wool with a content, wt.%: SiO ₂ 48.2; Al ₂ O ₃ - 18.6; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 14.35; CaO - 7.8; MgO - 3.05; R ₂ O - 3.25 10-30

For the production of mineral wool, basalt and dolerite Ust-Nyurinsky were used. Wastes of basalt-dolerite mixture are formed during the production of mineral wool and are used in the composition of ceramic mass for brick production as a cleaner and sintering intensifier. Having a high content of iron oxides (Fe ₂ O ₃ - 14.35) and alkalis (R ₂ O - 3.25), waste from the basalt-dolerite mixture intensifies firing processes. The chemical composition of the waste basalt-dolerite mixture is presented in table 1.

As the main clay raw material for the production of ceramic bricks, fusible clay of the Danilovsky deposit of the Samara region was used. Clay of the Danilovskoye deposit is characterized as coarse, mainly with a high content of large and medium inclusions, represented by quartz, ferruginous minerals, gypsum and carbonate inclusions; the chemical composition is presented in Table 1. The main rock-forming clay mineral is hydromica.

Table 1 Chemical compositions of components Components The content of oxides, wt.% SiO ₂ Al ₂ O ₃ CaO MgO Fe ₂ O ₃ R ₂ O SO ₃ P.p.p. Fusible clay of Danilovskoye field 64,2 10.3 5.68 2.2 4.02 2.5 0.5 8.4 Waste basalt-dolerite mixture 48,2 18.6 7.8 3.05 14.35 3.25 - 3.4

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention. The ceramic mass was prepared in a plastic way at a moisture content of 20-24%, from which the brick was molded, raw brick was dried to a moisture content of not more than 8% and then fired at a temperature of 1050 ° C. Table 2 shows the compositions of ceramic masses, and in table 3 the physical and mechanical properties of bricks.

table 2 The compositions of ceramic masses Components The content of components, wt.% one 2 3 Fusible clay 90 80 70 Waste basalt-dolerite mixture 10 twenty thirty

Table 3 Physico-mechanical properties of bricks Indicators Compositions Prototype one 2 3 Mechanical compressive strength, MPa 17.8 18,4 19.9 12.5-15.6 Frost resistance, cycles 43 49 54 21-47 Shrink% 7.5 7.7 8.1 - Heat resistance, ° С 130 135 140 -

As can be seen from table 3, the bricks of the proposed compositions have a higher compressive strength than in the prototype.

The resulting technical solution when using waste basalt-dolerite mixture allows to increase the mechanical compressive strength of the brick.

The use of technogenic raw materials in brick production contributes to the utilization of industrial waste, environmental protection, the expansion of the raw material base for ceramic materials and the use of low-grade (coarse) fusible clays.

Claims (1)

Ceramic mass for the manufacture of ceramic bricks, including low-melting clay, characterized in that it additionally contains waste basalt-dolerite mixture produced by mineral wool with a content, wt.%: SiO ₂ 48.2; Al ₂ O ₃ 18.6; Fe ₂ O ₃ 14.35; CaO 7.8; MgO 3.05; R ₂ O 3,25, in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
fusible clay 70-90 basalt-dolerite waste mineral wool production charges 10-30