RU2397068C1 - Process line for production of ceramic construction items by method of compression moulding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to the field of ceramic construction elements making. Process line for production of ceramic construction items by method of compression moulding, includes serially arranged clay ripper, box feeder, stone-separating rollers, clay mixer, granulator, dryer for raw materials, accumulator, rod mill, rod mixer, forming press, depositor machine, post of thermal treatment, including transporting agent, dryer and annealing furnace. Line additionally comprises controller of fraction-wise moisture of press powder arranged behind rod mixer and connected by means of pipelines with rod mixer and rod mill. Depositor machine is equipped with tilter of items mounted with the possibility to install brick onto transporting agent onto spike in process of single-row thermal processing or onto flat and side in process of multi-row thermal processing. Post of thermal processing is arranged in the form of drying furnace with single transporting agent and possibility to anneal items in it with temperature difference of not more than 10 in section of annealing channel. ^ EFFECT: improved quality of ceramic items of wide assortment with high extent of automation. ^ 1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the production of ceramic building materials of a wide assortment, for example, ordinary and front ceramic bricks, clinker products for facing facades and socles of buildings, paving sidewalks.

A known line for the manufacture of bricks containing a clay receiver located in the technological sequence, a clay cutter, an inclined drying chamber, a mill, a press with a mechanism for removing bricks from the pressing zone in the form of a lowering platform, a transfer conveyor, a kiln with a conveyor for moving bricks and a mechanism for transporting finished products characterized in that the drying chamber is installed at an angle of 5-6 °, and its loading end is located above the output end, the kiln is made two tiered, and its conveyor - in the form of series-connected bogies, forming a continuous composite chain, the line is equipped with a mechanism for forming a block of bricks placed between the transfer conveyor and the inlet of the kiln, a lift-lowering trolley with a pusher for moving them, and a second elevator located at the furnace exit trolley reducer with a pusher for their movement, and the pushers of the first and second elevator-reducers are installed, respectively, at the level of the lower and upper tiers, and the trans porting of finished products is made in the form of an unloading manipulator located at the second tier kiln exit for a block of bricks moved using a crane beam, and a sequentially located movable rotary table for forming a bricks package with a pallet feeder and an unloading manipulator for a bricks moving by means of electric hoist [1].

A known production line for the production of ceramics, mainly brick, by the method of semi-dry pressing, containing a section for preliminary processing of clay raw materials, including a feeder, rollers, a drying drum, a clay crusher, sections for pressing blanks, drying and firing, an exhaust system, characterized in that it equipped with a granulator placed in the chamber in communication with the volume of the drying drum, and means for grinding the granules, and the section for drying and firing is made in the form of a two-tier furnace, cooling zone which is connected by an exhaust gas pipeline through the discharge opening of the drying drum and the granulator chamber with an exhaust system [2].

A known production line for the production of semi-dry pressed ceramic materials, including a crushing station for raw materials, drying and grinding, characterized in that the crushing station is presented in the form of a jaw crusher, the drying station is a drying drum, the grinding station is a hammer mill, the line additionally contains a fractionation station on a vibrating screen with a particle size of 1-2 mm and less than 1 mm, while a fraction of less than 1 mm is additionally crushed in a rod mill to a particle size of 0.2-0.1 mm, adjusted to humidity in mixing runners, and the post mixing fraction of 1-2 mm and less than 1 mm is mixed in a double shaft mixer at a ratio of 60-70 wt.% of the coarse fraction and 30-40 wt.% of fine fraction [3].

The closest is a production line for the production of front ceramic wall materials by the method of semi-dry pressing, including sequentially placed drawer feeder, stone rollers, clay mixer, granulator, dryer for raw materials, feeder, core mill, forming press of semi-dry pressing, automatic machine and kiln, different the fact that it additionally contains a rubbing-and-sealing unit, located between the clay mixer and the granulator, the drive-averager, tanovlenii drier for the raw material and mounted for dry pressing press fitted with a set of core-blockouts, dryer raw conveying body which is in the form of cradle assembly line [4].

A disadvantage of the known technical solutions is that they do not provide a press powder of equal or close to equal fractional moisture and thus do not allow to obtain products of stably high quality from ubiquitous raw materials. In addition, these lines are cumbersome, require large production areas, material consumption due to the complex special transport system, including stacking, unloading from drying equipment and stacking raw materials on oven trolleys.

The objective of the alleged invention is the production of ceramic products of high quality and a wide range of complete lines with a high degree of automation.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to improve the quality of pressed raw materials and calcined products from ubiquitous clay raw materials.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the technological line for the production of ceramic building products by compression molding, including sequentially placed shredder, box feeder, stone rollers, clay mixer, granulator, dryer for raw materials, storage, core mill, core mixer, forming press, automatic machine , a heat treatment station having a conveying means, a dryer and a kiln, further comprises a pressurized humidity controller powder, placed behind a rod mixer, connected via pipelines to a rod mill, the automatic gardener is equipped with a product tilter mounted with the possibility of installing the brick on the conveyor on the toe during single-row heat treatment or on the bed and spoons during multi-row heat treatment, and the post of heat treatment is made in the form of a furnace dryers with a single transporting means and the possibility of firing products with a temperature difference of not more than 10 ° along the section of the firing channel.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a technological line for the production of ceramic building products by compression molding.

The technological line for the production of ceramic building products by compression molding contains an alumina tank 1, a grab crane 2, a clay cultivator 3, a box feeder 4, stone extraction rollers 5, an clay mixer 6, a granulator 7, a dryer for raw materials 8, a storage device 9, a rod mill 10, a rod mixer 11 , a regulator of the fractional humidity of the press powder 12, a compression molding press 13, an automatic stacker 14 with a raw material tilter 15, a conveying means 16, a drying oven 17.

The line works as follows.

From clay stock 1, the clay raw material is fed with a grab crane 2 to the clay shredder 3. Then, the raw materials are sent by a box feeder to the stone roll 5. The raw materials removed from stones and other inclusions are fed to the clay mixer 6, after which they are granulated in a granulator 7 and fed to the dryer 8. Dried granules from drive 9 is metered into a rod mill 10 and then into a rod mixer 11, the resulting press powder is a mixture with a variety of particle size distribution and with different fractional humidity: large grains are wet and small grains with Chi. To obtain a press powder of equal or close to equal factional humidity, the processed raw materials are sent to the factional moisture controller 12 and a press powder with stable fractional humidity is isolated. The coarse powder with high humidity and the powder of fine fractions with low humidity are returned to the core mill 9. Powder with stable fractional humidity is fed to compression molding press 13. The molded raw tilter 15 is rotated, if necessary, on a poke, spoon or bed. Automatic machine-kindergarten 14 put the product on the conveyor 16 of the oven-dryer 17 on the stick with a single-row or on the bed and on a spoon with a multi-row cage. Heat treatment of products with a temperature difference of not more than 10 ° C along the cross-section of the calcining channel is carried out.

The use in the line for the production of ceramic building products by compression molding of a regulator of fractional humidity of a press powder connected by pipelines to a core mill allows the press powder to be molded with a moisture difference of fractions of the upper and lower limits of not more than 0.5%, which ensures the receipt of raw high quality by increasing the contact of powder particles and increasing the density of the compact without cracking delamination.

The use of a tilter and a stacking machine mounted with the possibility of laying raw material on a stick or bed and spoons on a conveyor means allows for single-row or multi-row heat treatment in a slot-hole dryer, depending on the type of raw material.

The use of a kiln-dryer in a line with a common conveying means, capable of heat treating products with a temperature difference of not more than 10 ° C along the cross section of the calcining channel, will ensure high quality of the finished product while reducing production areas and reducing the material consumption of the line as a whole.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable and can be used in the manufacture of ceramic building products without any special conditions.

Information sources

1. RU No. 2054354 B28B 15/00 publ. 02/02/1996 g.

2. RU No. 2080023 B28B 15/00 publ. 05/20/1997

3. RU No. 64559 B28B 15/00 publ. 10/07/2007

4. RU No. 2170172 B28B 15/00 publ. 07/10/2001

Claims (1)

Technological line for the production of ceramic building products by compression molding, including sequentially placed shredder, box feeder, stone rollers, clay mixer, granulator, dryer for raw materials, storage ring, core mill, core mixer, forming press, automatic machine, heat treatment station with a conveyor means, dryer, and kiln, characterized in that it further comprises a regulator for the fractional humidity of the press powder, placed behind the core mixer, the automatic gardener is equipped with a product tilter mounted with the possibility of installing the brick on the conveyor on the toe during single-row heat treatment or on the bed and spoons during multi-row heat treatment, and the heat treatment post is made in the form of a drying oven with a single conveying means and the possibility of firing in products with a temperature difference of not more than 10 ° along the cross section of the calcining channel.

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