RU2268284C2 - Method and device for oil conditioning before processing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil processing at oil production and oil refinery plants in oil demineralization and dehydration plants.

SUBSTANCE: method involves passing oil through working chamber and simultaneously subjecting oil to acoustic oscillation and hydraulic impact action. Above action is carried out in oil flow, wherein water is introduced in oil flow. After that the flow is constricted to form cavity arranged downstream the constricted zone. Device comprises pipe and mixer made as truncated cones connected by cylinder. Cavitating insert is installed in the cylinder and mounted on axle formed as truncated cones, which are connected one to another by lesser bases thereof.

EFFECT: increased output and efficiency of action applied to oil flow.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of oil refining and can be used at refineries and oil producers in oil desalination and dehydration plants.

Crude oil contains chloride salts, causing equipment corrosion and scale formation. At the distillation temperature of oil, the calcium and magnesium chlorides contained in it undergo hydrolysis, which contributes to an increase in the content of hydrogen chloride in the stream.

The technology of oil preparation at electric desalination plants (ELOU) provides a reduction in corrosion, however, the operation of ELOU depends on the efficiency of mixing oil with water. In this case, a minimum size of water droplets is achieved so that an effective destruction of the emulsion takes place in the electric dehydrator.

A known method of preparing oil for processing, including the supply of water vapor to the oil stream, its preliminary heating and subsequent sedimentation, and the oil stream in the steam supply section is converted first from laminar to turbulent, and then again to laminar (RF patent No. 2162725, 01 D 17/04, 04/17/2000).

The known method is characterized by insufficient efficiency, since with the introduction of steam it is impossible to provide the necessary water content in oil and the required degree of dispersion. In addition, turbulization of the flow is not sufficient to effectively disperse water droplets.

Closest to the proposed one is a method of preparing oil for processing, including the supply of oil to the working chamber and the simultaneous exposure to low-frequency acoustic vibrations, vibrational flooded jets and water hammers throughout the volume of the working chamber (see RF patent No. 22079328, B 01 D 17/04, 20.05 .1997).

However, the known method has low productivity, since the impact in it is carried out on a closed volume of oil in the working chamber.

The disadvantages of the known method should also include the complexity of implementation and lack of effectiveness, due to the fact that the known method essentially uses three sources of influence on the volume of oil, and the power of each of the sources is limited.

Closest to the proposed device is the device according to the aforementioned patent No. 2162725, containing a consecutively arranged pipe, coaxial to the direction of the oil flow, and a mixer in the form of truncated cones facing each other with smaller bases, spaced along the axis of the pipeline and connected along smaller bases by a cylinder forming a flow part mixer.

A disadvantage of the known device is the low efficiency of oil flow processing.

The technical result expected from the use of the invention is a simultaneous increase in the productivity and effectiveness of the impact on the oil flow.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method, including passing oil through the working chamber and simultaneous exposure to acoustic vibrations and hydroblows, the effect is carried out in a stream, and immediately before the effect, water is introduced into the oil stream, after which the stream is pressed until a cavity forms behind the clamping zone.

This goal is also achieved by the fact that the known device containing a nozzle and a mixer in the form of truncated cones facing each other with smaller bases, spaced along the axis of the pipeline and connected along smaller bases by a cylinder forming the flow part of the mixer, the flow part of the mixer is made with an axisymmetric cavitating insert.

In addition, the pipe may be located in the inlet of the mixer, on its axis.

It is also advisable to equip the device with an inlet tee located on the axis of the mixer, to make the pipe L-shaped, with its input placed in the tee hole perpendicular to the axis of the mixer.

In this case, the axisymmetric cavitating insert can be made in the form of an impeller.

And finally, an axisymmetric cavitating insert can be located on an axis made in the form of truncated cones facing each other with smaller bases.

Figure 1, 2 shows embodiments of the proposed device, figure 3 is a possible diagram of ELOU.

A device for implementing the proposed method comprises (1, 2) a mixer 1, a water supply pipe 2, a truncated cone 3, 4, a flow part 5 of the mixer and a cavitating insert 6.

The device shown in figure 1 also contains a tee 7 and a L-shaped pipe 2, the input 8 of which is placed in the transverse hole 9 of the tee 7. In this embodiment, the insert 6 is made in the form of an impeller rigidly (without rotation) mounted on the axis 10, made in the form of truncated cones 11, 12.

The installation of FIG. 3 contains feed pumps 13, 14, mixers 1 with tees 7, separated by a thermochemical settler 15, and an electric dehydrator 16.

The axis 10 (figure 1, 2) can be mounted on the studs 17. The insert 6 in figure 1 is made in the form of an impeller 18, and in figure 2 - in the form of a truncated cone 19.

The implementation of the method will consider the example of the device. The oil flow is fed to the inlet of the tee 7, and water is introduced through the inlet 8 of the pipe 2. Passing between the impeller blades 18 (Fig. 1) or in the gap between the cone 19 (Fig. 2) and the wall of the flow part 5 of the mixer 1, the flow is compressed, accelerated, and the vapor pressure in it drops. As a result, microbubbles are formed in the flow, collapsing in the cavitation zone 20 behind insert 6. In the cavitation zone 20, not only water dispersion and uniform distribution of water microdroplets over the volume of the flow occur, but also an effective effect on the supramolecular structure of the flow due to acoustic vibrations and water hammer.

As shown in FIG. 3, a demulsifier is introduced into the oil stream supplied to the inlet of the first mixer 1 by pump 13. The second mixer 1 is installed after the sump 15, as a result of which the desalination is carried out in two stages.

The performance of the axis 10 in the form of two conical semi-axes also contributes to the efficiency of oil processing. In this case, water is supplied to insert 6, and the emulsion is discharged from it more evenly.

It should also be noted that combined versions of the device are possible, for example with a tee 7 and two nozzles 2, one of which is located in the cavity of the tee 7, and the second before insertion 6 or after, as shown in figure 2.

Thus, the proposed solution allows to achieve high productivity and efficiency with fairly simple and reliable means.

Claims (2)

1. A method of preparing oil for refining, including passing oil through the working chamber and simultaneous exposure to acoustic vibrations and water hammer, characterized in that the effect is carried out in a stream, and immediately before exposure to the oil stream, water is introduced, after which the stream is pressed until a cavity forms behind the zone clamping. 2. A device for implementing a method of preparing oil for processing, comprising a nozzle and a mixer in the form of truncated cones facing each other with smaller bases, spaced along the axis of the pipeline and connected along smaller bases by a cylinder forming the flow part of the mixer, characterized in that the flow part of the mixer is made with an axisymmetric cavitating insert located on the axis, made in the form of truncated cones facing each other with smaller bases.

Images