RU2085811C1 - Thermogenerator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices releasing thermal energy due to burning solid fuel: coal, wood, peat, etc. SUBSTANCE: housing of thermogenerator is formed by tubular bent air ducts with ends open at top and at bottom. Interior of housing is divided by horizontal partition into furnace at the bottom and volatile agent afterburner chamber at the top. Enhanced efficiency of operation is achieved due to increased heating surface, smooth supply of air for afterburning of volatile products and special form of horizontal partition. Special air receiver is provided for use of hot air. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices that generate thermal energy by burning fuel such as wood, coal, peat, etc.

 A device is known (US patent N 1116674 class. F 24 B 7/00), generating thermal energy, consisting of two rectangular shells, the inner, in which the furnace is located, and the outer, between which there are channels for air circulation. Passing through the channels, the latter heats up.

 A device is known (US patent N 4230090 (prototype) class F 24 B 7/00), generating thermal energy, consisting of a barrel-shaped body, the side walls of which are formed of interconnected vertically oriented curved pipes (ducts) with open ends and flat front and back walls. In the front wall there is a furnace hole and a blower, in the back there is a hole for the exhaust pipe. A furnace is located in the lower part of the body, and the upper part is separated by a continuous flat diaphragm, which ensures the exhaust gas circulation to the hood and increases the efficiency of convective heating of the side walls with air ducts.

 There is a design in which the ducts are mounted inside a barrel-shaped body, thereby achieving some increase in the heating surface.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the device in the zone of maximum temperatures, as well as more complete use of fuel by burning volatile combustion products in the upper part of the furnace.

 This is achieved by the fact that the heat generator body is formed of S-shaped tubular air ducts, the middle part of them passing through the furnace space in the zone of maximum temperatures and dividing it in height into two parts: the lower, the actual combustion chamber, and the upper, the chamber for burning the volatile combustion products , in which, to intensify the combustion process, heated air is supplied from the lateral air ducts by means of two horizontal transverse, located at two levels, tubes with radial openings directed along the flow of gases into the afterburner.

 In FIG. 1 shows a heat generator, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2, section AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 section BB in FIG. one.

 The heat generator consists of a housing 1, which is formed from interconnected curved S-shaped pipes 2 with open upper and lower ends. A furnace 3 is located in the lower part of the casing, and 4 volatile combustion products are located in the upper afterburner. The furnace and the afterburner are separated by a diaphragm 5 formed by the middle parts 6 of S-shaped ducts passing at an angle through the furnace space, which ensures an increase in the length of the ducts by the width of the furnace chamber.

 In front of the diaphragm 5, the opposite side ducts are connected by tubes 7 with radial holes through which heated air from the ducts enters the afterburning of volatile combustion products, and under the diaphragm the side ducts are connected in pairs by jumpers 8. The diaphragm is made in a U shape.

 Front and rear of the heat generator body is closed by walls. In the front wall 9 there is a fuel loading hole, hermetically sealed by the door 10, with an adjustable blower 11 located at the bottom of it to supply air to the furnace and maintain the necessary combustion mode.

 In the rear wall 12 mounted pipe 13 with a rotary valve 14 for exhaust flue gases.

 The upper 15 and lower 16 walls of the housing are made with holes for air channels and are equipped with fasteners 17, which allow, if necessary, the installation of air collectors 18, both above and below.

 The combustion of wood fuel occurs in two stages, burning on the bottom of the furnace chamber with a lack of oxygen (gasification) and the burning of volatile products and gases in a special area of the afterburner, where heated air is supplied through two horizontal tubes located at different levels and equipped with radial holes directed towards the flow of flue gases.

 Due to the different levels of supply of additional air to the afterburning zone, the best possibility of oxygen entering the volume of flue gases for afterburning their volatile products is achieved. This effect is enhanced due to the uniform distribution of air over the entire width of the furnace space. Air intake occurs due to the draft created by the chimney. The air enters the furnace already warmed up, which raises the temperature in the afterburning area of volatile products.

 Air channels pass through the partition (diaphragm) that separates the combustion zone of solid fuel from the afterburning zone of volatile products, allowing additional heat to be obtained directly from the more heated part of the combustion chamber.

 For the operation of the heat generator, portions of fuel are laid through the furnace door and fired up with the damper and blower open. After reaching the regime of sustainable combustion of fuel, the underpressure and the shutter are covered to ensure slow combustion of fuel.

 By regulating the combustion process, by supplying secondary air, a long mode of operation of the heat generator is achieved with one fuel tab; unit maintenance is not required at this time.

 The heat generator can be used to heat the room in which it is located and the premises remote from the unit, as well as for technological purposes, for example, supplying hot air to lumber dryers, etc.

 The heat generator can be used in other industries, for example, for heating warehouses, livestock and utility rooms, drying buildings under construction, temporarily heating rooms disconnected from district heating, etc.

Claims (5)

 1. A heat generator, the casing of which is formed of interconnected tubular curved vertically oriented air ducts with ends open at the bottom and top, the front and rear walls, the first of which is equipped with a furnace hole and a blower, the second is an exhaust pipe with a shutter, and the inner space of the case is divided by a diaphragm into the furnace below and the afterburning chamber of volatile combustion products at the top, characterized in that the tubular ducts are made S-shaped, with the middle part passing through the furnace transference in the zone of maximum temperatures and is located under the diaphragm.  2. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the ducts in front of the afterburner are connected by pipes arranged horizontally at two levels over the entire width of the furnace space with radial holes for supplying heated air in the direction of movement of the flue gases.  3. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the open ends of the ducts in the upper part are connected by an air collector into one pipe, which allows transporting hot air, for example, to a drying chamber, another room, etc.  4. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the diaphragm is given a saddle (V-shaped) shape, the inclination of the walls of which repeats the inclination of the middle part of the S-shaped ducts.  5. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct pipes have a rectangular cross-section, and in the side walls of the housing, the ducts in the adjoining zone of the middle part of the S-shaped ducts are connected by inclined jumpers.

Images