KR20190035716A - 니켈망간 복합 수산화물과 그 제조 방법, 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질과 그 제조 방법, 및 비수계 전해질 이차 전지 - Google Patents
니켈망간 복합 수산화물과 그 제조 방법, 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질과 그 제조 방법, 및 비수계 전해질 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20190035716A KR20190035716A KR1020197002954A KR20197002954A KR20190035716A KR 20190035716 A KR20190035716 A KR 20190035716A KR 1020197002954 A KR1020197002954 A KR 1020197002954A KR 20197002954 A KR20197002954 A KR 20197002954A KR 20190035716 A KR20190035716 A KR 20190035716A
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- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- ZAUUZASCMSWKGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese nickel Chemical compound [Mn].[Ni] ZAUUZASCMSWKGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
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- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 2
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2] WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- SURZCVYFPAXNGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-carbamic acid ethyl ester Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC SURZCVYFPAXNGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
도 2는, 본 실시 형태의 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 제조 방법의 일례를 도시하는 도면이다.
도 3은, 본 실시 형태의 비수계 정극 활물질의 일례를 도시한 모식도이다.
도 4는, 전자선 후방 산란 회절법(EBSD)을 사용하여 정극 활물질의 결정 배향성을 평가하는 방법에 대하여 설명하는 도면이다.
도 5는, 본 실시 형태의 비수계 정극 활물질의 제조 방법의 일례를 도시한 도면이다.
도 6은, 본 실시 형태의 니켈망간 복합 수산화물(실시예 1)의 표면 및 단면의 SEM상의 일례를 나타내는 사진이다.
도 7은, 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 표면 및 단면 SEM상을 나타내는 사진이다(비교예 2).
도 8의 (A)는 본 실시 형태의 리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물(실시예 1)의 단면의 SEM상의 일례를 나타내는 사진이며, 도 8의 (B)는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물(비교예 2)의 단면의 SEM상을 나타내는 사진이다.
도 9는, 전지 평가에 사용한 코인형 전지의 개략 단면도이다.
도 10은, 임피던스 평가의 측정예와 해석에 사용한 등가 회로의 개략 설명도이다.
2: 1차 입자(니켈망간 복합 수산화물)
3: 2차 입자(니켈망간 복합 수산화물)
4: 공극(니켈망간 복합 수산화물)
C1: 중심 부분(니켈망간 복합 수산화물)
d1: 입경(니켈망간 복합 수산화물)
L: 1차 입자의 긴 직경 방향
R1: 방사 방향
R2: 외주로부터 입자 중심을 향하는 2차 입자의 반경 50%의 범위
10: 정극 활물질
12: 1차 입자(정극 활물질)
13: 2차 입자(정극 활물질)
14: 공극(정극 활물질)
C2: 중심 부분(정극 활물질)
d2: 입경(정극 활물질)
CBA1, CBA2: 코인형 전지
PE: 정극(평가용 전극)
NE: 부극
SE: 세퍼레이터
GA: 가스킷
WW: 웨이브 워셔
PC: 정극 캔
NC: 부극 캔
Claims (14)
- 일반식 (1): NixMnyMz(OH)2+α(상기 식 (1) 중, M은, Co, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, Fe, 및 W 중에서 선택되는 적어도 1종 이상의 첨가 원소이며, x는, 0.1≤x≤0.8, y는, 0.1≤y≤0.6, z는, 0≤z≤0.8이며, 또한, x+y+z=1.0을 만족시키고, α는, 0≤α≤0.4이다.)로 표시되고, 복수의 1차 입자가 응집한 2차 입자로 구성된 니켈망간 복합 수산화물이며,
상기 1차 입자는, 애스펙트비가 3 이상이며, 또한, 상기 1차 입자의 적어도 일부는, 상기 2차 입자의 중심부로부터 외주를 향하는 방향으로 방사상으로 배치되고,
상기 2차 입자는, X선 회절 측정에 의한 101면의 회절 피크 강도 I(101)와 001면의 피크 강도 I(001)의 비 I(101)/I(001)가 0.15 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물. - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 1차 입자는, 상기 2차 입자의 외주로부터 입자 중심부를 향하여 상기 2차 입자의 반경 50%의 범위에 있어서, 상기 범위에 위치하는 상기 1차 입자 전체의 개수에 대하여 50% 이상이 상기 방사상으로 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 세공 용적 분포에 있어서, 전체 세공 용적이 0.015㎤/g 이상 0.03㎤/g 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 체적 평균 입경 MV가 5㎛ 이상 20㎛ 이하이고, 입도 분포의 퍼짐을 나타내는 지표인 〔(D90-D10)/평균 입경〕이 0.7 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물.
- 일반식 (1): NixMnyMz(OH)2+α(상기 식 (1) 중, M은, Co, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, Fe, 및 W 중에서 선택되는 적어도 1종 이상의 첨가 원소이며, x는, 0.1≤x≤0.8, y는, 0.1≤y≤0.6, z는, 0≤z≤0.8이며, 또한, x+y+z=1.0을 만족시키고, α는, 0≤α≤0.4이다.)로 표시되고, 복수의 1차 입자가 응집한 2차 입자로 구성된 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 제조 방법이며,
반응 수용액 중에서 적어도 니켈과 망간을 각각 포함하는 염을 중화하여 니켈망간 복합 수산화물을 생성시키는 정석 공정을 포함하고,
상기 정석 공정에 있어서, 반응 수용액 중의 용해 니켈 농도를 300mg/L 이상 1500mg/L 이하의 범위로 조정하고, 용존 산소 농도를 0.5mg/L 이상 3.5mg/L 이하의 범위로 조정하고, 또한, 반응 수용액에 부하하는 교반 동력을 4kW/㎥ 이상 8kW/㎥ 이하의 범위로 조정하는
것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 제조 방법. - 제5항에 있어서, 상기 정석 공정은, 반응조에 니켈과 망간을 포함하는 혼합 수용액을 연속적으로 첨가하고, 중화시켜서 생성하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물 입자를 포함하는 슬러리를 오버플로우시켜서 입자를 회수하는 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 제조 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 정석 공정에 있어서, 상기 혼합 수용액의 반응조 중의 체류 시간을 3시간 이상 15시간 이하로 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 제조 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 니켈망간 복합 수산화물과 리튬 화합물을 혼합하여 혼합물을 얻는 공정과, 상기 혼합물을 소성하여 리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물을 얻는 공정을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 니켈망간 복합 수산화물을, 제5항 내지 제7항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 제조 방법에 의해 얻는 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 복수의 1차 입자가 응집한 2차 입자로 구성된 리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물을 포함하고, 일반식 (2): L1+uNixMnyMzO2+β(상기 식 (2) 중, M은, Co, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, Fe, 및 W 중에서 선택되는 적어도 1종 이상의 첨가 원소이며, u는, -0.05≤u≤0.5, x는, 0.1≤x≤0.8, y는, 0.1≤y≤0.6, z는, 0≤z≤0.8이며, 또한, x+y+z=1.0을 만족시키고, β는, 0≤β≤0.5이다.)로 표시되는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질이며,
상기 2차 입자 단면의 중심부터 외측을 향하는 임의의 동경 방향을 x축 방향, 및 상기 x축 방향에 직교하는 방향을 y축 방향으로 한 경우, 상기 x축 방향, 및 상기 y축 방향 각각에 있어서, 전자선 후방 산란 회절법을 사용하여 측정되는 결정 ab면의 배향 비율이 55% 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질. - 복수의 1차 입자가 응집한 2차 입자로 구성된 리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물을 포함하고, 일반식 (2): L1+uNixMnyMzO2+β(상기 식 (2) 중, M은, Co, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, Fe, 및 W 중에서 선택되는 적어도 1종 이상의 첨가 원소이며, u는, -0.05≤u≤0.5, x는, 0.1≤x≤0.8, y는, 0.1≤y≤0.6, z는, 0≤z≤0.8이며, 또한, x+y+z=1.0을 만족시키고, β는, 0≤β≤0.5이다.)로 표시되는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질이며,
상기 1차 입자의 애스펙트비가 2 이상이며, 상기 1차 입자의 적어도 일부가 입자 중심부로부터 외주를 향하여 방사상으로 배치되고, 상기 2차 입자 단면의 SEM상의 화상 해석 결과로부터 얻어지는 소밀도가 0.5% 이상 25% 이하, 입자 강도가 70MPa 이상 100MPa 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질. - 제11항에 있어서, 상기 1차 입자는, 상기 2차 입자의 외주로부터 입자 중심을 향하여, 상기 2차 입자의 반경 50%의 범위에 있어서, 상기 범위에 위치하는 상기 1차 입자 전체의 개수에 대하여 50% 이상이 상기 방사상으로 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질.
- 제10항 내지 제12항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 체적 평균 입경 MV가 5㎛ 이상 20㎛ 이하이고, 입도 분포의 퍼짐을 나타내는 지표인 〔(D90-D10)/평균 입경〕이 0.7 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질.
- 제10항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질을 포함하는 정극을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지.
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| KR20210134752A (ko) * | 2019-04-11 | 2021-11-10 | 제이에프이미네라르 가부시키가이샤 | 전구체, 전구체의 제조 방법, 정극재, 정극재의 제조 방법, 및 리튬이온 2 차 전지 |
| US12100837B2 (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2024-09-24 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Method of preparing positive electrode active material precursor and positive electrode active material precursor |
| WO2022080710A1 (ko) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-04-21 | 주식회사 엘 앤 에프 | 양극 활물질용 복합 전이금속 전구체 및 그로부터 제조된 이차전지용 양극 활물질 |
| KR20220089311A (ko) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질 전구체, 이의 제조 방법 및 양극 활물질 |
| KR20220131855A (ko) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-09-29 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 |
| KR20220131856A (ko) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-09-29 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 |
| KR20220131854A (ko) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-09-29 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 |
| US12272815B2 (en) | 2022-03-22 | 2025-04-08 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for rechargeable lithium battery, method of preparing the same, and rechargeable lithium battery |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20190260024A1 (en) | 2019-08-22 |
| WO2018020845A1 (ja) | 2018-02-01 |
| US20220399544A1 (en) | 2022-12-15 |
| US11476460B2 (en) | 2022-10-18 |
| US11742483B2 (en) | 2023-08-29 |
| JPWO2018020845A1 (ja) | 2019-05-16 |
| KR102390594B1 (ko) | 2022-04-26 |
| CN109803927A (zh) | 2019-05-24 |
| JP7120012B2 (ja) | 2022-08-17 |
| CN109803927B (zh) | 2022-08-26 |
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