FI91217C - Farmaseuttisen tai diagnostisen aineen oftalmologinen kantoainekoostumus - Google Patents
Farmaseuttisen tai diagnostisen aineen oftalmologinen kantoainekoostumus Download PDFInfo
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- FI91217C FI91217C FI863990A FI863990A FI91217C FI 91217 C FI91217 C FI 91217C FI 863990 A FI863990 A FI 863990A FI 863990 A FI863990 A FI 863990A FI 91217 C FI91217 C FI 91217C
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- AZJPTIGZZTZIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-L rose bengal Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1C1=C2C=C(I)C(=O)C(I)=C2OC2=C(I)C([O-])=C(I)C=C21 AZJPTIGZZTZIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N rose bengal A Natural products O1C(=O)C(C(=CC=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002646 scopolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- STECJAGHUSJQJN-FWXGHANASA-N scopolamine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](CO)C(=O)O[C@H]2C[C@@H]3N([C@H](C2)[C@@H]2[C@H]3O2)C)=CC=CC=C1 STECJAGHUSJQJN-FWXGHANASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001138 tear Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960002494 tetracaine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019364 tetracycline Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940040944 tetracyclines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004044 tetrasaccharides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940034744 timoptic Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000707 tobramycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NLVFBUXFDBBNBW-PBSUHMDJSA-N tobramycin Chemical compound N[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CN)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](N)C[C@@H]1N NLVFBUXFDBBNBW-PBSUHMDJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000041 toxicology testing Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSQQQLOSPVPRAZ-RRKCRQDMSA-N trifluridine Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C(C(F)(F)F)=C1 VSQQQLOSPVPRAZ-RRKCRQDMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003962 trifluridine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004791 tropicamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003165 vancomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N vancomycin Natural products O1C(C(=C2)Cl)=CC=C2C(O)C(C(NC(C2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C=2C(O)=CC=C3C=2)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C3NC(=O)C2NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC)C(O)C(C=C3Cl)=CC=C3OC3=CC2=CC1=C3OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1OC1CC(C)(N)C(O)C(C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-O vancomycin(1+) Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=C2C=C3C=C1OC1=CC=C(C=C1Cl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](C3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C=3C(O)=CC=C1C=3)C([O-])=O)=O)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(C(=C1)Cl)O2)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)[NH2+]C)[C@H]1C[C@](C)([NH3+])[C@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000002861 ventricular Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/04—Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0048—Eye, e.g. artificial tears
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
i 91217
Farmaseuttisen tai diagnostisen aineen oftalmologinen kan-toainekoostumus
Tama keksintO koskee farmaseuttisen tai diagnosti-5 sen aineen oftalmologista kantoainekoostumusta, joka on tarkoitettu joutumaan kosketuksiin kyynelnesteen kanssa.
Taman keksinnOn mukaiset kantoainekoostumukset ovat tyyppia, joka lapikay neste-geeli-faasimuutoksen ionivah-vuuden suurenemisen vaikutuksesta.
10 Ne on erityisesti tarkoitettu joutumaan kosketuk siin fysiologisten nesteiden kanssa. N&in muutos tapahtuu kosketuksiin joutumisen yhteydessa, koska fysiologisilla nesteilia on suurempi osmoottinen paine kuin mainituilla koostumuksella.
15 KeksinnOn mukaiset koostumukset ovat erityisen hyO- dyllisia silmiin kaytettyina, mutta myOs ruiskemuodossa, jolloin muodostunut geeli toimii hitaasti vapauttavana muotona, kuten esimerkiksi ihon sisSSn tai lihakseen an-nettujen ruiskeiden tapauksessa, tai galeenisena muotona, 20 joka on tarkoitettu joutumaan kosketuksiin limakalvojen kanssa.
Suuri osa silm&ån annetuista laakkeista menetetaan kyynelnesteen pois valuttamana; tama koskee erityisesti nestemaisia valmisteita. Itse asiassa taman poisvalutta-25 misen johdosta ainoastaan pieni osa annetusta annoksesta jaa sarveiskalvon kanssa kosketuksiin muutaman minuutin ajaksi, ja viela pienempi osa tunkeutuu silmaan.
On tunnettua kdyttaa taman epaedullisen tilanteen voittamiseksi viskooseja liuoksia, geeleja, silmavoiteita 30 tai kiinteita silmasiirteita.
On tapahtunut edistysta laakkeiden antamisessa kayttaen tailaisia galeenisia muotoja, erityisesti kiinteita siirrannaisia, joita kayttaen on mahdollista suures-ti vahentaa aktiivisen ainesosan annoksia valmistuskaavas-35 sa sailyttaen hoidollinen vaikutus saman suuruisena kuin 2 saataisiin aikaan silmåveden avulla, jota viimeksi mainit-tua lisaksi pitaa antaa useammin.
Jotkut nMista siirrannaisista toimivat diffuusion avulla. Siten esimerkiksi "Ocusert^· -systeemissa kerran 5 viikossa tapahtuva soikean linssin asentaminen sidekalvo-pussiin tekee mahdolliseksi aktiivisen aineosan toimitta-misen diffuusion avulla, mutta tama linssi on poistettava kaytOn jaikeen, mika aiheuttaa ongelmia potilaille. Toiset toimivat liukenemisen avulla, ja koska siirrannaiset ovat 10 tassa tapauksessa joko liukenevia tai itsestaan hajaantu-via ("Lacrisert®' -systeemi), on niiden vaikutuksen kesto paljon lyhyempi.
Kaikissa tapauksissa on kiinteiden siirrannaisten suurena haittana, etta monista potilaista on vaikea sie-15 taa kiintean esineen, jollainen tama siirrannainen on, panemista sidekalvopusseihin.
Taman ongelman ratkaisemiseksi voidaan kayttaa ga-leenisia muotoja, jotka ovat nestemaisia huoneen lampO-tilassa ja muuttuvat puolijahmeaan muotoon ihmisen ruumiin 20 lampdtilassa. Tailaisia antamisjarjestelmia on kuvattu US-patentissa 4 188 373, jossa ehdotetaan kaytettaviksi "Plu-ronic®-polyoleja".
Nama "Pluronic®-polyolit" ovat lammdn vaikutukses-ta geeliytyvia polymeereja ja niissa on polymeerien pitoi-25 suus valittu halutun neste-geeli-muutosiamptttilan mukaan.
Kuitenkin kaupallisesti saatavina olevilla "Piuro- , 0 ni -polymeereilia" on vaikea saada sopivan jaykka geeli kun muutosiampOtila pidetaån fysiologisten lampiitilojen alueella, jotka ovat suuruusluokkaa 25 °C - 36 eC.
30 Vastaavasti kanadalaisessa patentissa 1 072 413 kuvataan jarjestelmia, jotka sisaitavat hoitavan tai muun vaikuttavan aineen (poloxamer) ja joiden geeliytymisiampd-tilat on saatu korkeammiksi kuin huoneen lamptttila kaytta-maiia lisaaineita.
Il 91217 3
LammOn vaikutuksesta geeliytyvilia systeemeilia on monia haittapuolia, mukaan luettuna vaara, etta geeliyty-minen tapahtuu ennen antamista ympSristOn lampOtilan ko-hoamisen vaikutuksesta esimerkiksi pakkaamisen tai sSily-5 tyksen aikana.
Merck & Co.:n US-patentti 4 474 751 koskee toisia laakkeidenantamissysteemeja, jotka perustuvat geelien hyy-tymiseen lampimassa, mutta nama systeemit vaativat hyvin suuria maaria polymeereja, ja tata ei silma aina sieda 10 hyvin.
Tama keksintd koskee farmaseuttisen tai diagnosti- sen aineen oftalmologista kantoainekoostumusta, joka on tarkoitettu joutumaan kosketuksiin kyynelnesteen kanssa, ja jolle on tunnusomaista, etta se soveltuu annettavaksi 15 ei-hyytyneen nesteen muodossa ja sen on tarkoitettu gee- liytyvan in situ, jolloin koostumus sisaitaa gellankumin vesiliuosta, joka kay neste-geeli-faasinmuutoksen geeliy-tyen in situ kyynelnesteen suuremman ionivahvuuden vaikutuksesta.
20 Itse asiassa koostumus, joka on nestemuodossa ennen sen panemista silmaan, lapikay neste-geeli-faasimuutoksen ja siten muuttuu nestefaasista geelifaasiksi, kun se on pantu silmaan, johtuen fysiologisen nesteen, joka on tassa tapauksessa kyynelneste, ionivahvuudesta.
25 Tama uusi oftalmologinen koostumus on hammastytta- vSn edullinen muoto useista syista. Ennen muuta koska vaa-ditaan kyynelnesteen lasnaolo aiheuttamaan geelin muodos-tuminen, ei vahingossa tapahtuva liuoksen laikkyminen sil-man ulkopuolelle voi johtaa geelin muodostumiseen. Lisak-30 si, toisin kuin lammOn vaikutuksesta geeliytyvien systee-mien kohdalla, ei ymparistOn lampOtilan kohoaminen voi aiheuttaa liuoksen geeliytymista sailytyksen aikana.
Kaytetty polymeeri voi myOs muodostaa geelin pitoi-suuksilla, jotka ovat 10 - 100 kertaa pienempia kuin pi-35 toisuudet, joita kaytetaan lampdgeeliy tymi seen perustuvis- 4 sa systeemeissa. Silmå sietaa sita tasta syysta erittain hyvin.
Kun lopulliset valmisteet sisaitavat farmaseutti-sesti aktlivisen aineen, tekee tailainen antamissysteemi 5 mahdolliseksi, etta tuote on biologisesti erittain hyvin kaytettavissa ja saavutetaan aktiivisen ainesosan konsen-traatioita, jotka pysyvat ajan kuluessa, hitaasti vapaut-tavan systeemin etuja.
Lisaksi jo geeliytyneita tai puolijahmeita koostu-10 muksia ei ole mahdollista annostella tilavuudenmittauksen keinoin, erityisesti jos ne otetaan monta annosta sisaita-vdsta sailytysastiasta. Pyrittaessa antamaan naita tois-tettavina maarina on tailOin pakko kayttaa painonmittaus-keinoja.
15 Keksinndn mukaisilla koostumuksilla on toisaalta etu, joka on nestemaisilia silmaan tarkoitetuilla valmis-teilla, nimittain, etta aktiivisen aineen annostaminen tapahtuu toistettavasti ja tarkasti tilavuudenmittauksen keinoin, ja toisaalta edut, jotka jaykassa tai puolijah-20 meassa geelimuodossa olevilla systeemeilia tiedetaan ole-van aktiivisten aineiden toimittamisen kannalta.
KeksinnOn mukaisella koostumuksella ei siten ole halttana aktiivisten aineiden menetyksia, jotka ovat omi-naisia yksinkertaisille nestevalmisteille, eika kiinteiden 25 siirrannaissysteemien epamiellyttavia puolia eika lopuksi antamisvaikeuksia, jotka liittyvat geelimaisiin tai puoli jahmeisiin valmisteisiin.
Patenttia hakeva yhtiO on osoittanut, etta poly-sakkaridin vesiliuokset, jotka ovat tyypiltaan sellaisia, 30 etta ne lapikåyvat neste-geeli-faasimuutoksen ionivahvuu-den suurenemisen vaikutuksesta ja ovat erityisen sopivia taman keksinndn mukaan, ovat mikro-organismin fermentaa-tiossa saadun polysakkaridin liuoksia.
Siten taman keksinnOn mukaan kaytetaån solun ulko-35 puolista anionista heteropolysakkaridia, jota valmistaa 91217 5 bakteeri Pseudomonas elodea ja joka tunnetaan nimelia gel-lankumi.
Tata polysakkaridia, jota tuottaa Kelco % Co., kåy-tetaan jo kasvualustojen hyydytysaineena ja myOs ravinto-5 tuotteissa. Taman heteropolysakkaridin rakenne muodostuu seuraavasta toistuvasta tetrasakkaridiyksikOsta: ->3 )-β-D-Glcp- (l->4) -β-D-GlcpA- (1->4 )-β-D-Glcp- (1->4 ) -o-L-Rhap-(l-> 10 joka vol olla tai ei ole osittain O-asetyloitu β-D-gluko-pyranoosi (β-D-Glcp) -jaannOksissaan.
Tailaisten polysakkaridien valmistus alkuperaisessa ja deasetyloldussa muodossa on kuvattu erityisesti US-pa-15 tenteissa 4 326 053 ja 4 326 052 (Merck & Co., Inc. Rahway N.J.), ja nilden rakennetta ovat erityisesti kuvanneet Jansson & Llndberg julkalsussa Carbohydr. res. 124 (1983) 135 - 139.
Taman keksinnOn mukaan vesiliuokset, jotka sisaita-20 vat noln 0,1 - noin 2,0 paino-% gellankumia, ja erityisesti kauppanimen Gelrite® omaavaa tuotetta, joka on al-haisen asetyylipitoisuuden omaava, selkeytettya laatua oleva gellankumi, ovat viskooseja, kun ioninvahvuus on alhainen, mutta lapikSyvSt neste-geeli-muutoksen, kun io-25 ninvahvuus suurenee, ja nain tapahtuu, kun tata vesiliuos-ta pannaan silmaan.
Geelin jaykkyytta voidaan muuntaa saatamaild poly-meerin konsentraatiota.
Gellankumituotteella ei ole ainoastaan se ominai-30 suus, etta se muuttuu nesteesta jahmeafaasiseksi, kun se siirretaan suuremman ioninvahvuuden omaavaan vaiiainee-seen, vaan silia on myOs kaksi keksinnOn kannalta edullis-ta lisåominaisuutta.
(S)
Nimittain Gelritew on vesiliuoksessa tiksotrooppi-35 nen (kuvio 1) ja lampOplastinen (kuvio 2).
6 Nåiden kahden ominaisuuden johdosta on mahdollista lisata sen juoksevuutta ravistelemalla tai heikosti lam-mittamaiia nåytetta ennen silmaan panemista.
Kuviossa 1 on esitetty Gelrite®;n 0,6-%:isen vesi-5 liuoksen reologia 20 eC:ssa (leikkausjannitys (Pa) leik-kausnopeutta ( s"1) vastaan).
Kuviossa 2 on esitetty 0,6-%:isen Gelrite®-liuoksen leikkausjannitys (Pa) lampOtilan (°C) funktiona (leikkaus-nopeuden ollessa vakio 86 sekuntia'1), kun sita on laimen-10 nettu 30 %: 1) tislattuun veteen; 2) jaijiteltyyn kyynelnesteeseen.
Tasta kuvion 2 jaikimmaisesta tapauksesta 2) nakyy (5) viskositeetin lisaantyminen, joka aiheutuu Gelritew;n lai-15 mentamisesta jaijiteltyyn kyynelnesteeseen.
Niinpa patenttia hakeva yhtiO on osoittanut, etta kaniinin silmassa muodostuu geeli sen jaikeen, kun sinne on tiputettu 20 μΐ liuosta, joka sisaitaa 0,4 paino-% Gel-rite®: a deionisoidussa vedessa.
20 KeksinnOn mukaisia silmaan tarkoitettuja koostumuk- sia voidaan kayttaa sellaisenaan erilaisiin kayttOtarkoi-tuksiin ja esimerkiksi pitamaan silma riittavan vettyneena (kuiva silma -oireiston hoito).
Lisaksi on ilmeista, etta keksinnOn mukaiset sil-25 maan tarkoitetut koostumukset soveltuvat erityisen hyvin kaytettaviksi, kun silmaan halutaan panna mita tahansa farmaseuttisesti aktiivista ainetta, joka annetaan hoito-ja/tai taudinmaaritystarkoituksessa.
Farmaseuttisesti aktiivisella aineella tarkoitetaan 30 yhta tai useampaa laaketta ja/tai yhta tai useampaa diag-nostista ainetta. Nika tahansa aktiivinen aine voidaan antaa keksinnOn mukaisten koostumusten avulla. Aktiivisek-si aineeksi valitaan mieluimmin sellainen, joka liukenee veteen, vaikka jotkin aktiiviset aineet ovat liukenevampia 35 kuin toiset keksinnOn mukaisiin polysakkaridin vesiliuok- 91217 7 siin. LisSksi aktiivisia aineita voi olia suspensiossa tai emulsiossa (esim. dljypisaroiden, kompleksisten lipidima-teriaalien, liposomien emulsioissa) polysakkaridin vesi-liuoksissa.
5 Parhaana pidetty farmaseuttisesti aktiivinen aine on timololi tai jokin sen johdannaisista.
Timololia voidaan kayttaa yksin tai yhdistelmana muiden farmaseuttisesti aktiivisten aineiden kanssa.
Silmaan tarkoitetut valmisteet sisaitavat edulli-10 sesti noin 0,1 - noin 2,0 paino-% gellankumia ja noin 0,001 - noin 5 paino-% vahintaan yhta farmaseuttisesti ak-tiivista ainetta.
Maarat, jotka koskevat gellankumin vesiliuosta, tekevat mahdolliseksi sopivan geelin konsistenssin saavut-15 tamisen ja niiden haviOiden tasaamisen, jotka aiheutuvat naiden silmaan tarkoitettujen valmisteiden valmistusmene-telmassa kaytetyista sterilointimenetelmista.
Keksinnttn mukaisissa silmaan tarkoitetuissa koostu-muksissa voi olla mukana myds muita lisdaineita. Naita 20 ovat erityisesti muut polymeerit, jotka soveltuvat kaytet-taviksi ulkonaisesti silmaan, pienet maaråt happoja tai emaksia, joiden avulla voidaan saataa pH arvoihin, jotka sopivat silmaan annettavaan valmisteeseen, ei-ionisia os-moottista painetta saatavia aineita, pinta-aktiivisia ai-25 neita, aineita, joiden avulla torjutaan bakteerisaastutus-ta, tai esimerkiksi muita lisaaineita aktiivisen aineen liuottamiseksi tai stabiloimiseksi tai mita tahansa muita lisåaineita, jotka ovat hyiidyllisia.
Mikali on vaittamatdnta, voidaan esimerkiksi kek-30 sinndn mukaisiin koostumuksiin sisaityvien ionisoituneiden aktiivisten aineiden geeliytymista aiheuttava vaikutus neutraloida lisaamaiia valmistuskaavaan sopiva ionipareja muodostava aine.
Esimerkiksi lieva geeliytymisvaikutus, joka syntyy 35 lisattaessa 0,1 mg/ml bentsalkoniumkloridia keksinndn mu- 8 kaiseen Gelrite®-liuokseen, voidaan eliminoida lisaamaiia pieni maara etikkahappoa. Lisaksi on osoitettu, etta kek-
A
sinnOn mukaiset Gelrite -liuokset sopivat yhteen muiden 5 valmistuskaavoissa kaytettavien aineosien, kuten esimer-kiksi erilaisten puskureiden ja ionipareja muodostamaan kykenevien aineiden kanssa.
Kuten esimerkeista kay ilmi, voidaan keksinndn mu-kaisissa koostumuksissa kayttaa mannitolia vdliaineen os-10 moottisen paineen saatamiseen muuttamatta geeliytymisomi-naisuuksia.
Voidaan kayttaa muita osmoottista painetta saatavia aineita, esimerkiksi sorbitolia tai mita tahansa sokeria.
Annettaessa keksinnOn mukaisia silmaan tarkoitettu-15 ja koostumuksia silmaan, annetaan ne nestemuodossa kayt-taen mita tahansa tavanomaista tippojenantamiskeinoa, kuten esimerkiksi silmatippapulloa tai esimerkiksi niin kut-suttua "Ocumeter®' -systeemia.
Keksinntin mukaiset koostumukset voidaan antaa kuten 20 yleensa silmavedet, alempaan sidekalvopussiin silmdn ulko-puolella.
Esimerkiksi tipan avulla nestemaista valmistetta, joka sisaitaa noin 25 mg silmaan tarkoitettua koostumusta, voidaan antaa noin 0,0025 mg - noin 1,25 mg aktiivista ai- 25 netta.
Aktiiviset aineet eli laakkeet tai diagnostiset aineet, joita kaytetaan farmaseuttisissa valmisteissa, valitaan edullisesti sopimaan sairauden hoitoon, josta potilas karsii, ja/tai diagnostiseen menetelmaan, jota 30 halutaan kayttaa.
Esimerkiksi jos potilas karsii viherkaihista, vali taan aktiiviseksi aineeksi edullisesti beetasalpaaja kuten esimerkiksi timololi tai jokin sen johdannaisista.
Toksikologiset tutkimukset todistavat gellankumien 35 hyvan siedettavyyden: akuutin myrkyllisyyden testit suun 91217 9 kautta annettaessa rotilla osoittavat, etta kuolettava annos 50 (LDS0) on suurempi kuin 5000 mg kg:a kohti; akuu-tin myrkyllisyyden testit hengitettyna osoittavat, etta kun rotat ovat 4 tunnin ajan alttiina nimelliskonsentraa-5 tiolle 6,09 mg/1, tama ei aiheuta yhdenkaan elaimen kuo-lemaa 10 elaimen ryhmassa, mika osoittaa, etta kuolettava konsentraatio 50 (LCS0) on suurempi kuin 6,09 mg/1.
DRAIZE-tyyppiset silmanarsytystestit kaniineilla osoittavat, etta tuotteen ei katsota olevan silmaa arsyt-10 tava aine.
Kun nama valmisteet sisaitavat aktiivisen aineen, on tailaisen aktiivisen aineen antamissysteemin paamaarana saavuttaa aineen hyva biologinen saatavuus ja taman aineen pitoisuuksia, jotka pysyvat ajan kuluessa.
15 Laakkeita tai diagnostisia aineita, joita voidaan antaa silmaan tarkoitettujen valmisteiden avulla, ovat esimerkiksi: bakteerinvastaiset aineet, kuten esimerkiksi bee-talaktaamiantibiootit, kuten esimerkiksi kefoksitiini, 20 n-formamidoyylitienamysiini ja muut tienamysiinijohdannai- set, tetrasykliinit, kloramfenikoli, neomysiini, karbeni-silliini, kolistiini, penisilliini G, polymyksiini B, van-komysiini, kefatsoliini, kefaloridiini, kibrorifamysiini, gramisidiini, basitrasiini ja sulfonamidit; 25 aminoglykosidiantibiootit, kuten esimerkiksi gena- mysiini, kanamysiini, amikasiini, sisomisiini ja tobra-mysiini; nalidiksiinihappo ja sen analogit, kuten esimerkiksi norfloksasiini ja mikrobienvastainen yhdistelma fluori-30 alaniini/pentitsidoni, nitrofuratsonit ja niiden analogit; antihistamiinit ja verentungosta vShentavSt aineet, kuten esimerkiksi pyrilamiini, klorfeniramiini, tetrahyd-ratsoliini, antatsoliini ja sen analogit; tulehdusta vastustavat aineet, kuten esimerkiksi 35 kortisoni, hydrokortisoni, hydrokortisoniasetaatti, beeta- 10 metasonl, deksametasoni, deksametasoninatriumfosfaatti, prednisoni, metyyliprednisoloni, medrysoni, fluorimetolo-ni, prednisoloni, prednisoloninatriumfosfaatti, triamkino-loni, indometasiini, sulindakki, sen suolat ja sen vastaa-5 vat sulfidit ja sen analogit; mustuaista supistavat aineet ja antikolinergiset aineet, kuten esimerkiksi ekotiofaatti, pilokarpiini, fy-sostigmiinisalisylaatti, di-isopropyylifluorifosfaatti, epinefriini, dipivaloyyliepinefriini, neostigmiini, eko-10 tiopaattijodidi, demekariumbromidi, karbamoyylikoliini- kloridi, metakoliini, betanekoli ja sen analogit; mustuaista laajentavat aineet, kuten esimerkiksi atropiini, homatropiini, skopolamiini, hydroksiamfetamii-ni, efedriini, kokaiini, tropikamidi, fenyyliefriini, syk-15 lopentolaatti, oksifenonium, eukatropiini ja sen analogit; muut laakkeet, joita kaytetaan silman tilojen ja vaurioiden hoitoon, kuten esimerkiksi: viherkaihinvastai-set laakkeet, esimerkiksi timololi ja erityisesti sen ma-leaattisuola ja R-timololi ja yhdistelma, jossa on timo-20 lolia tai R-timololia ja pilokarpiinia, samoin kuin monet muut adrenergiset vaikuttajat ja/tai vastavaikuttajat; epinefriini ja epinefriinikompleksi tai sellaiset laakkei-den esiasteet kuin bitartraatti-, boraatti-, hydroklori-di- ja dipivefriinijohdannaiset, ja hyperosmoottiset ai-25 neet, kuten esimerkiksi glyseroli, mannitoli ja urea; hiilihappoanhydraasin inhibiittorit, kuten esimerkiksi asetatsolamidi, dikloorifenamidi, 2-(p-hydroksifenyyli)-tio-5-tiofeenisulfonamidi, 6-hydroksi-2-bentsotiatsoli- sulfonamidi ja 6-pivaloyylioksi-2-bentsotiatsolisulfonami-30 di; loistenvastaiset yhdisteet ja/tai alkueiaintenvas-taiset yhdisteet, kuten esimerkiksi ivermektiini, pyri-metamiini, trisulfapidimidiini, klindamysiini ja korti-kosteroidivalmisteet; 91217 11 virustenvastaista vaikutusta omaavat yhdisteet, kuten esimerkiksi asikloviiri, 5-jodi-2'-deoksiuridiini (IDU), adenosiiniarabinosidi (Ara-A), trifluoritymidiini ja lnterferoni ja interferonin muodostumista aiheuttavat 5 alneet, kuten esimerkiksi poly 1:C; sientenvastaiset aineet, kuten esimerkiksi amfo-terisiini B, nystatiini, flusytosiini, natamysiini ja mi-konatsoli; anesteettiset aineet, kuten esimerkiksi etidokaii- 10 nikokaiini, benoksinaatti, dibukaiinihydrokloridi, dyklo- niinihydrokloridi, naepaiini, fenakaiinihydrokloridi, pi-perokaiini, proparakaiinihydrokloridi, tetrakaiinihydro-kloridi, heksylkaiini, bupivakaiini, lidokaiini, mepivaka-iini ja prilokaiini; 15 silmddiagnostiset aineet, kuten esimerkiksi: a) verkkokalvon tutkimiseen kdytettdvSt aineet, kuten esimerkiksi natriumfluoreskeiini; b) sidekalvon, sarveiskalvon ja kyynelelimien tutkimiseen kaytettavat aineet, kuten esimerkiksi fluoreske- 20 iini ja rose-bengaali; ja c) epanormaalien pupillireaktioiden tutkimiseen kaytettavat aineet, kuten esimerkiksi metakoliini, kokaii-ni, adrenaliini, atropiini, hydroksiamfetamiini ja pilo-karpiini; 25 silmdaineet, joita kdytetaan lisSaineina kirurgias- sa, kuten esimerkiksi alfa-kymotrypsiini ja hyaluronidaa-si; kelatoivat aineet, kuten esimerkiksi etyleenidi-amiinitetraetikkahappo (EDTA) ja deferoksamiini; 30 hylkimista vastustavat aineet ja antimetaboliitit, kuten esimerkiksi metotreksaatti, syklofosfamidi, 6-mer-kaptopuriini ja atsatiopriini; ja erilaiset ylia mainittu-jen yhdisteiden yhdistelmat, kuten esimerkiksi antibioot-tien/tulehdusta vastustavien aineiden yhdistelmat kuten 35 yhdistelma, jossa on neomysiinisulfaattia ja deksameta- 12 soninatriumfosfaattia, ja yhdistelmat, jotka yhdessa hoi-tavat viherkaihia, esimerkiksi timololimaleaatin ja ase-klidiinin yhdistelma.
Yleensa silman tuottamat kyyneleet laimentavat ak-5 tilvlsen alneen ja poistavat hyvin nopeastl aktlivisen alneen annoksen, joka on annettu tavanomalsessa neste-liuoksessa.
KeksinnOn mukaiset koostumukset, jotka sisaltavat gellankumin vesiliuosta ja ovat tyypiltaan sellaisia, jot-10 ka lapikayvat neste-geeli-muutoksen ionivahvuuden suurene-misen vaikutuksesta, laimentuvat hitaammin, ja niiden avulla on mahdollista saada aikaan valmisteeseen liuotetun tai suspendoidun aktiivisen aineen jatkuva antaminen. (Tata tarkoitusta vårten taytyy valmisteen kokonaisioninvah-15 vuus pitaa niin pienena kuin mahdollista). Tama pitkitty-nyt viipymisaika, jonka taman keksinnOn mukainen koostumus tekee mahdolliseksi, johtaa tehokkaampiin aktiivisen aineen pitoisuustasoihin kyynelkalvossa.
Koe, joka osoittaa aktiivisen aineen pitkittyneen 20 lasnaolon, sen jaikeen kun silmaan on tiputettu keksinnOn mukaista koostumusta, ja myOs muita taman keksinnOn omi-naispiirteita ja etuja on esitetty seuraavissa esimerkeis-sa ja kuvioissa, jotka kuvaavat keksintoa (ja joissa pro-sentit on annettu painoprosentteina).
25
Esimerkki 1
Yksinkertalnen silmaan tarkoitettu valmiste
Liuos 1 Liuos 2 Liuos 3 - Gelrite®:a 0,6 % 0,6 % 0,2 % 30 - bentsalkonium- kloridia 0,01 % 0,005 % — - mannitolia 4 % 4 % - riittavasti vetta, jotta saadaan 100 % 100 % 100 % li 91217 13
Esimerkkl 2
Valmiste timololin antamlseksl
Lluos 1 Lluos 2 Lluos 3 - timololimaleaattia 0,34 % 0,65 % 0,34 % 5 - Gelrite®:a 0,6 % 0,6 % 0,6 % - bentsalkonium- kloridia 0,01 % 0,01 % - mannitolia 4 % 4 % 4 % - riitt&v&sti vetta, 10 jotta saadaan 100 % 100 % 100 %
Esimerkkl 3
Valmiste deksametasonifosfaatln antamiseksl
Lluos 1 Lluos 2 Lluos 3 15 - deksametasoni- fosfaattia 0,1 % 0,05 % 0,1 % - Gelrite®:a 0,6 % 0,3 % 0,6 % - bentsalkonium- kloridia 0,01 % 0,01 % 0,01 % 20 - mannitol i a 4 % 4 % 4 % - riittavSsti vetta, jotta saadaan 100 % 100 % 100 %
Esimerkki 4 25 Suoritettiin vertaileva testi aktiivisen aineen pitkittyneen lasnaolon osoittamiseksi silmassa, sen jai-keen kun silmaan on tiputettu aktiivista ainetta yhdessa keksinnOn mukaisen koostumuksen kanssa.
Fluoreskeiinin poistumista kaniinien sidekalvopus-30 sista, sen jaikeen kun sinne oli tiputettu liuosta, jossa oli fluoreskeiinia joko tislatussa vedessa tai vehikke-lissa, joka sisalsi 0,6 % Gelrite®:a, havainnoitiin kauko-UV-sateilyn avulla.
Silmissa, joita on kasitelty vesiliuoksella, ei 35 ole enaa jaijelia ollenkaan fluoreskeiinia kolmen tunnin kuluttua tiputtamisesta, kun taas silmissa, joita on ka- 14 sitelty Gelrite®:a sisaitavaiia vehikkelilia, fluoreske-iinia on yha jaljelia vilden tunnin kuluttua tiputtamises-ta.
5 Esimerkki 5
Valmiste timololin antamlseksl
Tehtiin tutkimuksia in vivo tietojen saamiseksi timololin biologisesta saatavuudesta esimerkin 2 liuok-sesta 1. Mitattiin timololin pitoisuus nukuttamattomien 10 albiinokaniinien kammiovedesså. Vertailua vårten annettiin tiputtamalla yksittaiset 50 pl:n maarat Gelrite®-Valmis-teita (esimerkin 2 liuosta 1) ja kaupallisia Timoptic®-liuoksia, jotka kukin sisålsivat 0,25 % timololia. Gelri-te®-liuokset tehtiin kolmesta eri erasta Gelrite®-polymee-15 reja.
Saadut tulokset on esitetty seuraavassa taulukossa: 91217 15 o vo oo «-η ÉN *-H ' —' '—’ ’—' ΙΛ
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λ; ω λ; (3 tn -η c 11 C ·Η (3 Ή •Η E Φ 2 r-l 13 -p -Ρ Ο -Ρ Ρ Ρ η +j c α Ο 3 3 3 _, _ Ε Ε Q,r-i C Ο Ο Ο -Η -Η Ρ ·Η Ο Ο CM 00 ρ Ε-ι ^ ^ g η ίο η η a 16
KeksinnGn mukaiset koostumukset soveltuvat myOs kSytettSviksi kaikissa farmaseuttisissa valmisteissa, jot-ka on tarkoitettu joutumaan kosketuksiin fysiologisten nesteiden kanssa, kuten ruiskutettavissa valmisteissa, 5 joita voidaan kayttaa ihon sisaan tai lihakseen annettavi-na ruiskeina, ja ulkoisesti, paikallisesti kSytettSvissS valmisteissa, jotka on tarkoitettu kosketuksiin limakalvo-jen kanssa.
Claims (5)
1. Farmaseuttisen tal diagnostisen alneen oftalroo-loginen kantoainekoostumus, joka on tarkoitettu joutumaan 5 kosketukslin kyynelnesteen kanssa, tunnettu siita, etta se soveltuu annettavaksi ei-hyytyneen nesteen muodossa ja sen on tarkoitettu geeliytyvan in situ, jol-loin koostumus sisaitaa gellankumin vesiliuosta, joka kay neste-geeli-faasinmuutoksen geeliytyen in situ kyynelnes-10 teen suurenunan ionivahvuuden vaikutuksesta.
2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen koostumus, tunnettu siita, etta gellankumin perustetrasakka-ridiyksikkOna on -»3) -β-D-Glcp- (l-»4 ) -β-D-GlcpA- ( l-*4)-β-D-Glcp-(l-*4)-a-L-Rhap-( 1-», joka voi olla tai ei ole osittain
15 O-asetyloitu β-D-glukopyranosyylijaånnOksissaan.
3. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 tai 2 mukainen koostumus, tunnettu siita, etta se sisaitaa 0,1 - 2,0 paino-% gellankumia lopullisesta koostumuksesta laskettuna.
4. Jonkin edelia olevan patenttivaatimuksen mukai- 20 nen koostumus, tunnettu siita, etta se sisaitaa lisaksi osmoottista painetta saatelevaa ainetta.
5. Patenttivaatimuksen 4 mukainen koostumus, tunnettu siita, etta osmoottista painetta saatele-va aine on sokeri, kuten mannitoli tai sorbitoli.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8514689A FR2588189B1 (fr) | 1985-10-03 | 1985-10-03 | Composition pharmaceutique de type a transition de phase liquide-gel |
| FR8514689 | 1985-10-03 |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI863990A0 FI863990A0 (fi) | 1986-10-02 |
| FI863990L FI863990L (fi) | 1987-04-04 |
| FI91217B FI91217B (fi) | 1994-02-28 |
| FI91217C true FI91217C (fi) | 1994-06-10 |
Family
ID=9323509
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI863990A FI91217C (fi) | 1985-10-03 | 1986-10-02 | Farmaseuttisen tai diagnostisen aineen oftalmologinen kantoainekoostumus |
Country Status (25)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4861760A (fi) |
| EP (1) | EP0227494B1 (fi) |
| JP (1) | JPH0667853B2 (fi) |
| KR (1) | KR940000229B1 (fi) |
| CN (1) | CN1046094C (fi) |
| AT (1) | ATE72990T1 (fi) |
| AU (1) | AU595240B2 (fi) |
| CA (1) | CA1280367C (fi) |
| CY (1) | CY1779A (fi) |
| DE (2) | DE227494T1 (fi) |
| DK (1) | DK170500B1 (fi) |
| ES (1) | ES2002401A6 (fi) |
| FI (1) | FI91217C (fi) |
| FR (1) | FR2588189B1 (fi) |
| GR (1) | GR862444B (fi) |
| HK (1) | HK42594A (fi) |
| IE (1) | IE59464B1 (fi) |
| IL (1) | IL80156A (fi) |
| LU (1) | LU88694I2 (fi) |
| LV (1) | LV5725B4 (fi) |
| NL (1) | NL950012I1 (fi) |
| NO (2) | NO173212C (fi) |
| NZ (1) | NZ217662A (fi) |
| PT (1) | PT83471B (fi) |
| ZA (1) | ZA867464B (fi) |
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| US2441729A (en) * | 1943-12-08 | 1948-05-18 | Kelco Co | Algin gel-forming compositions |
| US2935447A (en) * | 1957-02-19 | 1960-05-03 | Kelco Co | Appetite depressant containing alginate |
| FR1312244A (fr) * | 1962-01-09 | 1962-12-14 | Bernburg Serum Werk Veb | Procédé de fabrication de supports de pommade exempts de corps gras |
| BE731578A (fi) * | 1969-04-16 | 1969-10-01 | ||
| AU7776275A (en) * | 1974-04-11 | 1976-08-05 | Warner Lambert Co | Production of base for topical steroids |
| US4013792A (en) * | 1974-04-11 | 1977-03-22 | Warner-Lambert Company | Process for the production of base for topical steroids |
| NL188266C (nl) * | 1975-07-29 | 1992-05-18 | Merck & Co Inc | Werkwijze ter bereiding van een oogheelkundig inplantaat. |
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-
1985
- 1985-10-03 FR FR8514689A patent/FR2588189B1/fr not_active Expired
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1986
- 1986-09-17 IE IE248186A patent/IE59464B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-09-23 NZ NZ217662A patent/NZ217662A/xx unknown
- 1986-09-25 US US06/911,606 patent/US4861760A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-09-25 IL IL80156A patent/IL80156A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-09-25 GR GR862444A patent/GR862444B/el unknown
- 1986-09-26 AU AU63189/86A patent/AU595240B2/en not_active Expired
- 1986-09-30 CN CN86106637A patent/CN1046094C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-09-30 ZA ZA867464A patent/ZA867464B/xx unknown
- 1986-10-01 PT PT83471A patent/PT83471B/pt unknown
- 1986-10-02 AT AT86402170T patent/ATE72990T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-10-02 EP EP86402170A patent/EP0227494B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-02 LU LU88694C patent/LU88694I2/fr unknown
- 1986-10-02 JP JP61233369A patent/JPH0667853B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-02 FI FI863990A patent/FI91217C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-10-02 NO NO863916A patent/NO173212C/no unknown
- 1986-10-02 DE DE198686402170T patent/DE227494T1/de active Pending
- 1986-10-02 KR KR1019860008277A patent/KR940000229B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-02 ES ES8602366A patent/ES2002401A6/es not_active Expired
- 1986-10-02 DK DK469886A patent/DK170500B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-10-02 DE DE8686402170T patent/DE3684121D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-03 CA CA000519753A patent/CA1280367C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1994
- 1994-05-05 HK HK42594A patent/HK42594A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-04-10 NO NO1995003C patent/NO1995003I1/no unknown
- 1995-08-07 NL NL950012C patent/NL950012I1/nl unknown
- 1995-08-29 LV LV950262A patent/LV5725B4/xx unknown
- 1995-10-20 CY CY177995A patent/CY1779A/xx unknown
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| PC | Transfer of assignment of patent |
Owner name: LABORATOIRES MERCK SHARP & DOHME CHIBRET |
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| SPCG | Supplementary protection certificate granted |
Spc suppl protection certif: L102 Extension date: 20080910 |
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Owner name: LABORATOIRES MERCK SHARP & DOHME CHIBRET |
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