CN109068735A - 电子气溶胶供应系统及其蒸发器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于电子蒸气供应系统的子组件,包括:用于蒸发的液体源;以及用于蒸发液体的一部分以供使用者吸入的蒸发器,该蒸发器包括:芯吸部件;以及嵌入该芯吸部件中的电加热元件;其中,芯吸部件包括多孔电绝缘材料的片,并且该芯吸部件被布置成将液体从液体源芯吸到芯吸部件的邻近嵌入式电加热元件的表面,以进行蒸发。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及气溶胶提供系统和用于气溶胶供应系统的蒸发器。
背景技术
蒸气或气溶胶供应系统和装置,例如电子香烟,通常包括源液的储存器,可能包括尼古丁,以及由电池供电用于蒸发源液以供使用者吸入的加热器或加热元件。芯件可用于将源液输送到加热元件以进行蒸发过程。例如,加热元件可以是缠绕在中央芯件上的线圈。
这些装置的目的是使每次吸入(抽吸)时输送的蒸发源液的量最大化。这可以通过增加加热元件的热输出来实现,使得更多的源液在抽吸期间被蒸发。例如通过使用较低的电阻线来形成加热元件而减小加热器的电阻,从而在给定的电池电压下允许更多的电流流过,从而增加加热器消耗的功率并产生更多的热量。然而,该方法带来了特殊的挑战。
为了降低电阻,可以增加电热丝的直径。应通过芯件输送增加量的源液以提供由较高加热器功率实现的较高蒸发速率;这需要更大尺寸的芯件。然而,这些因素会降低效率,因为从加热器到芯材料的热传导,并且需要加热更大质量的加热器。
而且,可实现的蒸气产生速率可能受到蒸气进入可吸入气流的速度所限制。源液的蒸发发生在加热器和芯件的界面处。在加热器导线圈内部具有中央芯件,蒸气必须从界面流出超过加热器表面以被收集用于吸入。降低加热器电阻以增加功率与有限的界面面积相结合可产生如此强烈的蒸发,使得蒸气不能足够快地逸出,而是在界面处形成阻碍液体与加热器接触的袋状物(pocket)。这降低了蒸气产生的效率,导致加热器温度升高,因为电力没有用于蒸发。这会降低蒸气的质量并可能导致不希望的副产物。
因此,另选的芯件和加热器装置是令人感兴趣的。
发明内容
根据本文描述的一些实施例的第一方面,提供了一种用于电子蒸气供应系统的子组件,包括:用于蒸发的液体源;和用于蒸发一部分液体以供使用者吸入的蒸发器,该蒸发器包括:芯吸部件;和嵌入芯吸部件中的电加热元件;其中,芯吸部件包括多孔电绝缘材料片,并且芯吸部件被布置成将液体从所述液体源芯吸到芯吸部件的嵌入式电加热元件附近的表面以进行蒸发。
多孔电绝缘材料可包括多孔陶瓷。芯吸部件可具有30%至85%的孔隙率,并且可具有的厚度比芯吸部件的最长尺寸小至少50倍。
加热元件可以具有嵌入形状,该嵌入形状包括一个或多个弯曲部和嵌入芯吸部件中的长度,该长度是芯吸部件的最长尺寸的2至20倍。一个或多个弯曲部可以限定加热元件的相邻部分,该相邻部分的中心到中心的间距不大于加热元件的嵌入宽度的2倍。芯吸部件的厚度可以在加热元件的嵌入宽度的105%至250%的范围内。加热元件可以相对于芯吸部件的厚度基本上嵌入在中间位置。加热元件可包括金属导线。
芯吸部件可以基本上是平面的。蒸发器可以通过芯吸部件的一个或多个部分穿过蒸发室的一个或多个壁中的孔而被支撑在蒸发室中,以延伸到液体源中。芯吸部件的穿过蒸发室的一个或多个壁中的孔的一个或多个部分可以位于芯吸部件的相对侧。蒸发器可以支撑在蒸发室中,使得芯吸部件的最薄轮廓呈现在通过蒸发室的气流方向上。液体源可包括具有环形形状并围绕蒸发室的储存器。蒸发室的壁也可以是储存器的内壁。
子组件可以是用于电子蒸气供应系统的雾化烟弹。
根据本文描述的一些实施例的第二方面,提供了一种电子蒸气供应系统,其包括根据第一方面的子组件。
根据本文描述的一些实施例的第三方面,提供了一种制造用于电子蒸气供应系统的蒸发器的方法,该方法包括:形成导电加热元件;将粉末陶瓷材料以所需的形状布置在加热元件周围用于芯吸部件;烧结陶瓷材料以形成多孔陶瓷芯吸部件,其中加热元件嵌入该芯吸部件中。
根据本文描述的一些实施例的第四方面,提供了一种制造用于电子蒸气供应系统的蒸发器的方法,包括:形成导电加热元件;将加热元件布置在第一层和第二层的多孔电绝缘材料片之间;将第一层和第二层粘合在一起以形成多孔芯吸部件,其中加热元件嵌入该芯吸部件中。
在方法方面,形成导电加热元件可包括使金属导线成形或将导电油墨沉积到具有一个或多个弯曲部的路径中,并且该路径的长度为芯吸部件的预期最长尺寸的2至30倍。一个或多个弯曲部可以限定导线的相邻部分,其中心到中心的间距不大于导线宽度的两倍。该方法还可包括通过使芯吸部件的一个或多个边缘穿过蒸发室壁中的一个或多个孔,而将完成的蒸发器安装在蒸发室中。
根据本文所述的一些实施例的第五方面,提供了一种电子蒸气供应装置,其包括用于源液的储存器和邻近储存器的蒸发室,该蒸发室可以蒸发在储存器中的源液,容纳蒸发器的蒸发室包括:多孔陶瓷芯件组件;金属加热器元件,嵌入芯吸部件中并可连接到电子蒸气供应装置中的电池;其中,芯吸部件的两个端部穿过蒸发室壁中的孔,以使蒸发器贯穿蒸发室悬挂,该两个端部穿入储存器以吸收源液、并通过芯件组件中的孔以毛细管作用将源液输送到加热元件。
某些实施例的这些和其他方面在所附的独立和从属权利要求中阐述。应当理解,从属权利要求的特征可以彼此组合,并且可以除了在权利要求书中那些具体阐述组合之外的方式而与独立权利要求的特征组合。此外,本文描述的方法不限于诸如下面阐述的特定实施例,而是包括并预期本文呈现的特征的任何合适的组合。例如,可以根据本文描述的方法提供电子烟、子组件或蒸发器,其包括适当的下面描述的各种特征中的任何一个或多个。
附图说明
现在将仅参考附图以示例的方式详细描述各种实施例,在附图中:
图1示出了电子烟的示意图,利用该电子烟可以使用根据本发明实施例的蒸发器;
图2示出了示例性蒸发器的透视图;
图3示出了图2的示例性蒸发器的剖视图;
图4a、4b和4c示出了另外的示例性蒸发器的示意性平面图;
图5A示出了具有蒸发器的示例性蒸发室的透视分解侧视图;
图5B示出了图5A的蒸发室的端视图;
图6A示出了包括图5A的蒸发室的蒸气源的透视分解侧视图;
图6B示出了图6A的蒸气源的侧向透视图;
图7示出了另一个示例性蒸发室的示意性侧视图;以及
图8示出了又一示例性蒸发室的示意性侧视图。
具体实施方式
本文讨论/描述了某些示例和实施例的方面和特征。某些示例和实施例的一些方面和特征可以按常规实现,并且为了简略起见,不再详细讨论/描述这些方面和特征。因此将理解,可以根据用于实现这些方面和特征的任何常规技术来实现这里未讨论的装置和方法的方面和特征。
本公开涉及气溶胶供应系统,也称为蒸气供应系统,例如电子香烟。在下面的描述中,有时可以使用术语“电子香烟”或“电子烟”;然而,应当理解,该术语可与气溶胶(蒸气)供应系统或装置互换使用。
图1是可应用实施例的示例性气溶胶/蒸气供应系统(例如电子香烟10)的高度示意图(未按比例)。电子香烟具有大致圆柱形的形状,沿着由虚线指示的纵向轴线延伸(尽管本发明的各方面适用于以其他形状和装置配置的电子香烟),并且包括两个主要部件,即主体20和盒式组件30。
盒式组件30包括储存器或含有源液(例如含有尼古丁)的液体源38,该源液包含从中产生气溶胶的液体制剂,和用于加热源液以产生气溶胶的加热元件或加热器36。提供芯吸元件或部件或芯件37以将源液从储存器38输送到加热元件36。芯件37的一部分或多个部分与储存器38中的源液流体连通,并且源液通过芯吸或毛细管作用沿着或通过芯件37被抽吸到与加热器36接触的芯件37的一部分或多个部分。通过向源液提供热能以引起蒸发,源液的蒸发发生在芯件37和加热器36之间的界面处,从而产生气溶胶。源液、芯件37和加热器36可以统称为气溶胶或蒸气源。芯件37和加热器36可以统称为蒸发器或雾化器15。雾化器/蒸发器可以布置在腔室或壳体中,该腔室或壳体基本上与源液的储存器相密封隔绝,以防止或限制源液泄漏到腔室中。芯件是从储存器到加热器的液体的预期路径。在盒式组件内包含蒸发器/雾化器产生术语“雾化烟弹”,其有时应用于电子香烟的这个部件。
盒式组件30还包括具有开口的烟嘴35,使用者可通过该开口吸入由蒸发器15产生的气溶胶。用于吸入的气溶胶可以描述为气溶胶流或可吸入的气流。作为示例,源液可包含约1%至3%的尼古丁和50%的甘油,其余部分包括大致相等的水和丙二醇,并且还可能包含其他组分。
主体20包括可再充电的电池单元或电池14(在下文中称为电池)以为电子香烟10提供电力,以及印刷电路板(PCB)28和/或用于通常控制电子香烟10的其他电子设备。因此,主体也可以被认为是电池部分,或控制单元或部分。在使用中,当加热器36从电池14接收电力时,由电路板28控制可能响应于由气压传感器(未示出)检测到的压力变化,加热器36将由芯件37输送的源液蒸发以产生气溶胶,然后,使用者通过烟嘴35中的开口吸入该气溶胶流。气溶胶沿气道(图1中未示出)从气溶胶源运送到烟嘴35,当使用者在烟嘴上吸气时,气道将气溶胶源连接到烟嘴开口。为此,蒸发器15可以容纳在蒸发器室(未示出)中,该蒸发器室包括在通过电子香烟10的气流路径内以其他方式连接到通过电子香烟10的气流路径。
在该特定示例中,主体20和盒式组件30通过在平行于纵向轴线的方向上分离而彼此可拆卸,如图1所示,但是当装置10在使用时通过配合的接合元件21、31(例如,螺纹件或卡口配件)连接在一起,以在主体20和盒式组件30之间提供机械和电连接,特别是将加热器36连接到电池14。用于连接到盒式组件30的主体20上的电连接器接口还可以用作当主体20从盒式组件30拆卸时将主体20连接到充电装置(未示出)的接口。充电装置的另一端部可以插入外部电源,例如USB插座,以对电子香烟的主体20中的电池14充电或再充电。在其他实施方式中,可以提供单独的充电接口,例如,因此当仍然连接到盒式组件30时可以对电池14充电。
电子香烟10设有一个或多个用于进气的孔(图1中未示出),如箭头A所示。这些位于主体20的外壁中的孔(但在其他示例中可以位于盒式组件30的外壁中)连接到通过电子香烟10的气流路径再到烟嘴35。气流路径可以包括主体20中的压力感测区域(图1中未示出),然后从主体20连接到盒式组件30中再到围绕加热元件36的区域(例如蒸发器室),使得当使用者通过烟嘴35吸气时,空气通过一个或多个进气孔被吸入气流路径。该气流(或由此产生的压力变化)由与气流路径连通的压力传感器(图1中未示出)检测,该气流路径反过来又激活加热器36(通过电路板28的操作)以蒸发芯件加热器界面处的源液的一部分,从而产生气溶胶。气流穿过气流路径,并与加热器36周围区域中的蒸气结合,并且所产生的气溶胶(气流和冷凝蒸气的组合)作为气溶胶流沿着从加热器36的区域连接的气流路径行进至烟嘴35被使用者吸入。
在一些示例中,可拆卸的盒式组件30可以在供应源液时被丢弃,并且如果需要则可以用另一个盒式组件替换。在其他示例中,储存器可以用更多的源液再填充。可以通过电池的再充电来重复使用主体20,例如通过连接到一系列一次性可拆卸的盒式组件来提供一年或更长时间的操作。在其他示例中,盒式组件和主体都可以是一次性的,并且可以不是彼此可拆卸的。而且,各种部件可以与图1的示例不同地定位,并且盒式组件和主体能够以不同的配置连接,例如并排装置,而不是图1的纵向装置。本发明的实施例适用于这些和其他各种替代方案。
根据本发明的实施例,提出通过将加热元件嵌入多孔芯吸部件内来配置蒸发器(雾化器)。
图2示出了根据第一示例性实施例的蒸发器15的透视图。芯件或芯吸元件或部件37是电绝缘多孔材料(例如多孔陶瓷)的薄平的平面基板,其具有厚度t、长度l和宽度w。嵌入芯件37内的是导电(金属)导线39形式的加热元件36。这以虚点线显示,以指示其在芯件内的位置。加热元件36的每个端部36a在芯件37的边缘终止于连接引线40,借助于该连接引线40可以连接加热元件36(通常通过触点和其他电线和连接的装置,并且在PCB或其他控制电子设备控制下)到电子香烟内的电源,例如图1中的电池14。引线40和导线39可以由单根导线形成,或者可以单独制造,然后例如通过焊接(例如为了便于制造或利用不同导线的特定性能)连接。
加热元件导线39在其两个端部36a之间形成为蛇形或锯齿形。导线形成占据单个平面,该单个平面基本上布置在芯件37的厚度t的中间,以便与芯件37(主表面)的上表面37a和下表面37b(参考图示的取向)基本等距。以这种方式,当由电流供电时来自加热元件36的热量可以大致相等地传递到每个主表面37a、37b。如果导线39的之字形或相邻匝绕导线39紧密间隔,使得芯件衬底的所有部分相对靠近导线的一部分,则可以将热量快速地传递到芯件的所有部分。线匝之间的较大间距可能导致浪费的芯件材料体积,该芯件材料吸收热能但是没有获得足够的蒸发温度。
图3示出了沿着线III穿过图2的蒸发器的剖视图。由此,在芯件37的体积内的导线39的相邻部分的密集堆积是显而易见的。导线39占据蒸发器总体积的很大一部分。线的相邻部分间隔开小于线的宽度d1(直径)的距离d2。因此,相邻导线部分之间的中心到中心的间距d3小于导线宽度的两倍(2×d1)。而且,主表面和导线表面之间的芯件材料的深度或厚度d4小于线d1的宽度。可以考虑蒸发速率来选择该厚度;如果芯件材料的深度太大,则会阻碍蒸发,并且不足的蒸气将从芯件表面逸出。然而,本发明不限于上述比例,并且可以使用更大或更小的尺寸比。可以不同地选择加热器和芯件的相对体积和尺寸、覆盖加热器导线的芯件材料的深度和芯件材料的孔隙率,以输送足够体积的源液以提供可用的蒸发速率,同时还允许蒸气以足够快的速度从芯件材料中逸出。例如,嵌入式加热器的体积可以是嵌入式加热器和芯件(由芯吸元件的外部尺寸限定)的组合体积的至少50%,或者在40%和60%之间,或者在30%和70%之间。或者,可以将组合体积限制在加热器延伸的芯件的区域,例如中心区域或端部区域,其中相对大量的芯件延伸超出该区域,以便如果希望蒸发远离壁,则确保大量的芯件容积到达储存器或到达蒸发室的壁。其中嵌入加热器的芯件的部分(组合体积)可以被认为是加热区,其中发生全部或大部分蒸发。加热区可包括所有或大部分芯件,或仅包括芯件的一部分。
在该示例中,芯件37由刚性多孔陶瓷材料形成。陶瓷的孔允许芯吸作用,使得当芯件的一部分与源液储存器流体连通时,储存器中的源液通过孔被抽吸到导线39。当加热器37被激活时,热量通过直接接触导线39并且还通过介入的芯件材料被传递到源液。产生的蒸气通过孔到达芯件表面37a、37b并逸出进周围空气,由在气流通道中流动的空气收集。
导线39嵌入芯件衬底37内。“嵌入”是指芯件的材料完全覆盖并且与芯件的体积内的线的基本上所有外表面接触(受到芯件材料中的孔紧邻导线的间隙的影响)。在沿着导线的每个轴向横截面位置处,多孔陶瓷材料围绕其整个圆周与导线接触;导线完全包裹在芯件材料中。导线和芯件之间的这种接触是大部分蒸气形成发生的界面,因此嵌入式配置使给定长度的导线的界面面积最大化,并且与例如盘绕的加热器导线缠绕在中央芯件上的蒸发器装置相比大大增加了界面面积。具有更多匝数或弯曲部(以增加长度)的更细的导线可以提供更大的接口面积,但是这可能需要与更粗导线的有益的更低电阻和更高功率输出进行平衡。
尽管其中芯件材料完全覆盖导线的完全嵌入装置提供了最大的蒸发界面,其中加热元件至少部分地暴露在芯件基板的一个或两个主表面上的部分嵌入配置在某些情况下可能被认为是有用的。
导线39形式的加热元件可以在两个端部36a之间以任何形状制造。将可以容纳在芯件体积内的导线长度的形状提供最大的蒸发界面最大化;这可以通过两个端部之间的任何旋绕路径来实现。这种路径具有非线性形状。例如,形状可以是有角的或弯曲的蛇形形状、有角的或弯曲的锯齿形,或有角的或弯曲的螺旋形,并且形状可以是规则的(重复的)或不规则的。在形状中结合多个匝、弯曲部或拐角将增加可用长度。在一些实施例中,加热元件在其两个端部之间的嵌入导电长度是芯吸元件的最长尺寸的几倍或多倍,通过沿加热元件中的长度而包括多个匝、弯曲部、拐角或折叠来实现。例如,加热元件的长度可以是芯吸元件的最长尺寸(边缘)长度的2至20倍或5至10倍。两个端部可以位于芯件的边缘表面(相同的边缘,如图2中,或不同的边缘)或者位于一个或两个主表面上(这可以便于其中加热元件终止于芯件边缘的螺旋或其他形状)。导线的相邻长度可以与所选择的制造工艺和用于制造蒸发器的材料可方便地实现一样来紧密间隔开,以使可用导线的长度最大化。但是,应注意电线内部没有任何部分相互接触,以避免电气短路。尽管复杂的形状不是必需的,并且如果认为这可以提供足够的加热功率,或者如果优选细长的芯件,则导线可以在其两个端部之间基本上是直的(线性的)或平缓弯曲的。例如,这可以提供加热元件,该加热元件是芯件最长边的长度的1到2倍。
图4a、4b和4c示出了具有不同形状的加热元件导线的蒸发器的各种示例的示意性平面图。图4a的示例具有方形芯吸元件37和布置成双螺旋的电热丝39,使得两个端部36a可以位于芯件的相同边缘处。为简单起见,省略了连接导线。图4b的示例具有矩形芯吸元件37和呈角形、锐角形的电热丝39,其自身往回折叠多次。端部36a位于芯件37的不同边缘上。图4c的示例示出了高度线性的芯吸元件37,其长度比其宽度大许多倍,并且电热丝39配置为在芯件37的相对的短边缘处的两个端部36a之间的简单直线。
加热元件不需要由导电线形成(例如通过弯曲)。提供所需长度的导电路径的适当形状可以由金属板冲压、切割或挤压,或者金属带(而不是导线)可以弯曲成合适的形状,例如。
用于加热元件的合适导电材料包括任何电阻金属,例如镍铬合金、钢、钛或其他金属和金属合金。也可以使用、印刷、沿适当形状的路径拉伸或沉积其他材料,例如导电油墨(非金属或金属基)。
芯吸元件可具有各种特性。它由多孔材料形成,以使得能够将源液从源液储存器(其中芯件与储存器接触部位处的源液相遇)通过所需的芯吸或毛细效应被抽吸到蒸发界面。孔隙度通常由整个材料中的多个相互连接或部分互连的孔(孔或间隙)提供,并且通向材料的外表面。可以根据材料、孔的尺寸和所需的芯吸速率,采用任何水平的孔隙率。例如,可以选择30%至85%,例如40%至70%、50%至80%、35%至75%或40%至75%的孔隙率。这可能是整个芯吸元件的平均孔隙率值,因为在整个芯件上孔隙率可能是均匀的,也可能是不均匀的。例如,储存器接触部位的孔径可能与更靠近加热器的孔径不同。
芯吸元件具有基本上薄的扁平形状。例如,它可以被认为是片、层、膜、基底等。这意味着芯件的厚度(图2中的尺寸t)小于或远小于芯件的长度(图2中的l)和芯件的宽度(图2中的w)中的至少一个。因此,芯件厚度(其最小尺寸)小于或远小于最长尺寸。这使得加热元件能够靠近芯件的主表面,上覆的芯件材料的深度很小。厚度可以是或可以不是基本均匀的。例如,与芯件的其余部分相比,可以通过在储存器接触部位处减小或增加的厚度来改变芯吸速率。芯件可以是平面的,如图2和3所示,但其形状在这方面不受限制。“平坦”特征旨在具有拓扑定义,因为芯件可以形成弯曲表面,例如圆柱(管)、槽或球形表面的一段或其他盘状形式。例如,芯件的厚度可以在加热器元件的厚度(例如,用作加热器元件的导线的直径)的105%至250%,例如在105%和200%、或105%和150%、或110%和200%、或110%和150%、或120%和200%、或120%和150%之间的范围内。例如,芯件的厚度可以比芯件的最长尺寸(通常是长度)小50至200倍。例如,长度l可以是厚度t的50至150倍、或50至100倍、或50至150倍、或100至150倍、或100至200倍。作为一个实例,芯件可以是矩形的,其长度l在5mm至15mm的范围内、宽度w在5mm至15mm的范围内,并且其厚度t略微超过0.1mm的导线厚度,例如是0.12mm至0.2mm。然而,本发明在这方面不受限制,并且可以使用芯件的其他尺寸、形状和比例。
对于芯件具有足够的刚度以将其自身支撑在蒸气源内的所需位置是有用的。例如,它可以安装在一个或两个边缘处或附近,并且需要基本上保持其位置而不会挠曲、弯曲或下垂。刚度可以由所选择的芯件厚度中的芯件材料产生(因此使用适当的厚度来提供这种特性),并且其中芯件也能够支撑嵌入其中的加热器。在其他示例中,可以从加热器本身获得一些结构刚度,使得加热器有助于将安装的芯件支撑在其所需位置。可以依赖芯件和加热元件组合的总体刚度或单独的芯件的刚度。术语刚性被认为暗示芯件或蒸发器基本上是非柔性的或不柔韧的。
例如,多孔陶瓷是用作芯件元件的有用材料。可以使用具有适当孔隙率的任何陶瓷。然而,本发明不限于此,可以使用具有相同或相似性能或特性的任何电绝缘材料。通常,多孔材料应被视为“固体”或“硬”材料,与“软”织物和纤维材料相反,例如棉花和其它纤维,其通常在本领域中用作芯件并吸收储存源液代替自由流动液体的储存器。在这种情况下,固体芯件材料基本上是不可压缩的。
可以以直接的方式制造本文描述的这种蒸发器。如果选择多孔陶瓷作为多孔芯件材料,则可以粉末形式获得,该粉末可以通过烧结形成固体(加热以引起聚结,可能在施加的压力下)。因此,可以首先制造加热元件(例如,将导线弯曲成适当的形状),并且陶瓷粉末可以例如通过填充具有悬挂的加热元件的模具或以其他方式布置在其中来以期望的形状布置在加热元件周围。烧结然后使陶瓷固化以形成多孔芯件,其中加热元件嵌入其中。以这种方式制造蒸发器,通过围绕加热元件的芯件材料形成和成形芯件元件,实现所需的嵌入式装置,在蒸发界面处使加热元件和芯件之间紧密接触。
或者,蒸发器可以由两个单独的芯件材料层形成,其中加热元件夹在两层之间。在堆叠层之后,根据适合于所选择的芯件材料的方式,通过胶合、焊接或其他粘合方法将芯件层固定在加热元件周围。芯件层可以具有相同的厚度或不同的厚度。如上所述,加热元件可以预成形为所需形状,或者在导电油墨的情况下,可以在将第二芯件层粘合在顶部之前将加热元件拉伸或印刷到一个芯件层的表面上。
根据本发明的方面的蒸发器可以与自由流动的源液的储存器结合使用(尽管它可以与由诸如棉花的软多孔材料形成的类型的储存器组合,用源液浸泡所述软多孔材料)。可以设想,蒸发器将容纳在蒸发器室内,蒸发器室通过电子香烟与气流通道连通或形成气流通道的一部分,但是该蒸发器室基本上密封以防止自由源液从相邻的储存器进入。蒸发器的芯件形成源液进入蒸发器室的路径;这是通过将芯件的一部分(例如,一个或多个边缘)延伸穿过腔室的壁进入储存器来实现的。密封件可围绕芯件布置在芯件穿过壁的位置,以限制泄漏到腔室中。芯件的包括嵌入式加热元件的部分位于腔室内,使得当加热元件被启动(电流通过它)时,沿着气流通道流动的空气可以拾取从蒸发器发出的蒸发的源液。
图5A示出了示例性蒸发室50的侧向透视图。腔室50具有由中空管52限定的壁(在该示例中为圆柱形,但是如果优选的话可以使用其他横截面形状)。管52是通过电子香烟的空气流动路径的一部分,并且携带蒸发的源液的气溶胶流离开管的端部,如箭头A所示,以进入气流路径的下一部分以便行进到电子香烟的烟嘴(未示出)。在其下端部(如图所示),管52可通过连接到基部54(由小箭头表示)密封。基部54具有螺纹连接器56,用于与电池部分(未示出)机械连接和电连接。基部54具有空气入口58,当使用者吸入电子香烟时,空气通过空气入口58被吸入蒸发室50。可以提供一个或多个空气入口58,可能在除了在单独的基部54上的位置之外,并且它们可以设置有调节机构以将可变通风输送到电子香烟中。基部54不需要与管52分开;两个部件可以整体形成。
根据本发明的方面的蒸发器15设置在蒸发室50内。蒸发器15的芯件元件具有细长形状(在该示例中为矩形),其长于管52的宽度(直径)。因此,芯件在管的整个宽度上延伸并超出,使得芯件的相对的端部16以密封构造穿过管壁并位于蒸发室50的外部。因此蒸发器悬挂在蒸发室上。在图5A中可以看到从室壁突出的一个端部16。电连接导线40在腔室内部的芯件部分处连接到加热元件,使得它们可以在基部54中适当地连接,以通过螺纹连接器56从电池接收电流。以这种方式,当空气入口58沿着管52行进时,通过空气入口58吸入的空气经过并通过蒸发器15,从而收集蒸气以形成气溶胶流。
图5B示出了蒸发室沿其长度观察管52的视图。可以看到蒸发器15通过管壁中的相对孔安装,使得其中央部分17在腔室内部,完全穿过管52延伸,并且其相对的端部16在腔室外部。在一个示例中,突出端部具有最多2mm,例如在1和2mm之间的突出长度。
芯件的端部布置成穿过蒸发室的壁突出,使得它们可以将源液运送到加热元件。这是通过将源液的储存器定位在蒸发室外部来实现的。
图6A示出了包括储存器的蒸气源以及图5A的蒸气室50和蒸发器15的部分的透视图。提供了具有比形成蒸发室壁的管52更大宽度(直径)的外管60,并且其尺寸设计成适于安装在管52上方和周围,如箭头所示,在外管60的内部和内管52的外部之间留有环形空间。外管60可以形成或可以不形成电子香烟外表面的一部分。外管60连接到蒸发器基部54,该蒸发器基部54用于密封环形空间的第一(下部,如图所示)端部。外管60在其第二(上部,如图所示)端部处由顶壁61封闭,通过该顶壁61延伸与内管52的内部气流连通的出口管62,以使气溶胶流离开蒸发室。出口管62可以形成电子香烟的烟嘴,或者可以是通向烟嘴的空气流动路径的中间部分。
在外管60和内管52之间限定的环形空间被密封,以使其基本上防漏。它形成用于自由流动的源液的储存器,其可以仅通过沿着蒸发器15的芯件的毛细管作用离开储存器(假设没有意外或无意的泄漏)。芯件的突出端部16位于储存器内,因此吸收储存在储存器中的源液。
图6B示出了图6A的蒸气源以组装形式的透视图,其中外管60已经放置在内管52上并连接到基座54,从而在中间环形空间中限定了储存器64。在该示例中,外管60形成电子香烟的外部并且由透明材料制成,并且内管52和蒸发器15通过它可见。该特征还允许储存器中的源液的可见性,因此用户可以确定有多少源液。在其他示例中,外管60可以由不透明材料制成,和/或可以在其周围具有外壳,使得不能看到储存器内容物。
图6A和6B的装置仅仅是一个示例,蒸发器可以以任何方式安装在蒸发室中,该任何方式允许其至少一部分进入储存器以芯吸源液。芯件可以完全或部分地延伸穿过蒸发室。端部或边缘(一个或多个)可以延伸穿过室壁。为此可以使用相对的端部或边缘或相邻的端部或边缘。穿过壁的延伸方便地为蒸发器提供支撑,并且其刚性水平可以确定以这种方式应该使用多少个边缘。而且,源液需要通过芯件从储存器传递到加热元件的速率将决定芯件应该延伸到储存器中的比例。两个或更多个相对或不相邻的端部或边缘部分可被认为是有用的,因为当储存器部分地空着时,例如当电子香烟以一定角度保持时,这增加了芯件和源液之间接触的可能性。可以安装蒸发器,使得芯件的平面垂直于通过蒸发室的主空气流动方向(如图5A、5B和6A、6B所示)。或者,其可以安装成其平面与空气流动方向平行(假设图5A的蒸发器围绕其纵向轴线旋转90度),从而将芯件元件的最小(最薄或最窄)轮廓呈现为流过腔室的空气流动方向。平行装置允许较大的蒸发器容纳在蒸发室中,对气流的阻碍较小(这将影响吸入用户所感知的“抽吸”)。实际上,平行安装允许蒸发室内的芯件区域达到腔室的纵向横截面积的大小,使得可用于输送蒸气的表面最大化,并因此使每次喷出的气溶胶产量最大化。
图7示出了具有平行安装的蒸发器的蒸发室的示意图;“边缘开启”取向使得腔室内的较大芯件表面区域在空气流动方向A上具有小的轮廓。与气流方向平行的芯件的两个边缘16突出穿过室壁,以与周围的储存器中的源液接触。
作为另一个实例,芯件可以成形为管状并且安装在蒸发室端部上(边缘上)到空气流动方向,使得空气从其流过。可以提供一个或多个径向臂以穿过室壁进入储存器。由烧结多孔陶瓷形成芯件允许芯件形状的灵活性,从而可以实现更复杂的形式,例如该实例。
图8示出了具有管状蒸发器15的蒸发室的示意图,该管状蒸发器15通过多孔径向臂18穿过室壁52中的孔安装,该多孔径向臂18终止于可以到达周围储存器的端部件16。
储存器不需要配置为蒸发室周围的环形空间。它可以与腔室相邻,而不是在腔室周围,使得储存器和腔室具有并排或上下配置。在这种情况下,可能只有芯件的一端或边缘将进入储存器,但是弯曲的芯件形状可以允许多于一个的边缘。在任何配置中,储存器可以紧邻蒸发室(方便地,它们共用一个或多个壁,使得储存器和腔室位于共同壁的相对侧)。然而,这不是必需的,并且在储存器和蒸发室之间可能存在间隔空间,该间隔空间不是由芯件的一部分桥接。蒸发室和储存器都不需要由圆柱形壁限定;可以使用任一体积的任何形状。
已经在包括在电子香烟的雾化烟弹部分内的背景下描述了蒸发器。然而,本发明在这方面不受限制,并且蒸发器可以以其他方式以可以是或可以不是可设置的一部分被包括在电子香烟中,并且可以由用户从电子香烟的另一部分或多个部分分离或不分离。因此,通常蒸发器包括在电子香烟的子组件内,其中子组件可以是或不是雾化烟弹,并且可以与电子香烟的其余部分分离或不分离。
根据一个实施例,一种用于电子蒸气供应系统的子组件,包括:用于保持源液的储存器;蒸发室,其内部与通过盒式组件的气流路径气流连通;和蒸发器,其包括:多孔芯件元件,其厚度比芯件的最长尺寸小至少50倍,例如比芯件的最长尺寸小50至200倍;加热元件嵌入芯件元件中并可连接到电源;其中蒸发器通过芯件元件的一个或多个部分穿过蒸发室壁中的孔而被支撑在蒸发室中,所述一个或多个部分延伸到储存器中,使得储存器中的源液通过芯吸作用由芯件元件输送到加热元件。
本文描述的各种实施例仅用于帮助理解和教导要求保护的特征。这些实施例仅作为实施例的代表性样例提供,并非穷举和/或排他性的。应当理解,本文描述的优点、实施例、示例、功能、特征、结构和/或其他方面不应被视为对权利要求所限定的本发明的范围的限制或对权利要求的等同物的限制,并且可以使用其他实施例,并且可以在不脱离要求保护的发明的范围的情况下进行修改。除了本文具体描述的那些之外,本发明的各种实施例可以适当地包括、由或基本上由所公开的元件、组件、特征、部件、步骤、装置等的适当组合组成。另外,本公开可以包括目前未要求保护但可以在将来要求保护的其他发明。
Claims (20)
1.一种用于电子蒸气供应系统的子组件,包括:
用于蒸发的液体源;和
用于蒸发液体的一部分以供使用者吸入的蒸发器,所述蒸发器包括:
芯吸部件;和
电加热元件,嵌入所述芯吸部件中;
其中,所述芯吸部件包括多孔电绝缘材料的片,并且所述芯吸部件被布置成将液体从所述液体源芯吸到所述芯吸部件的在嵌入式的所述电加热元件附近的表面,以进行蒸发。
2.根据权利要求1所述的子组件,其中,所述多孔电绝缘材料是多孔陶瓷。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的子组件,其中,所述芯吸部件的孔隙率在30%至85%的范围内。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的子组件,其中,所述芯吸部件的厚度比所述芯吸部件的最长尺寸小至少50倍。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的子组件,其中,所述电加热元件具有嵌入形状,所述嵌入形状包括一个或多个弯曲部以及嵌入所述芯吸部件中的长度,该长度为所述芯吸部件的最长尺寸的2至20倍。
6.根据权利要求5所述的子组件,其中,所述一个或多个弯曲部限定所述电加热元件的相邻部分,该相邻部分的中心到中心的间距不大于所述电加热元件的嵌入宽度的2倍。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的子组件,其中,所述芯吸部件的厚度在所述电加热元件的嵌入宽度的105%至250%的范围内。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的子组件,其中,所述电加热元件相对于所述芯吸部件的厚度基本上嵌入在中间位置。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的子组件,其中,所述电加热元件包括金属导线。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的子组件,其中,所述芯吸部件基本上是平面的。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的子组件,其中,所述蒸发器通过所述芯吸部件的一个或多个部分穿过蒸发室的一个或多个壁中的孔而被支撑在所述蒸发室中,以延伸到所述液体源中。
12.根据权利要求11所述的子组件,其中,所述芯吸部件的穿过所述蒸发室的一个或多个壁中的孔的所述一个或多个部分位于所述芯吸部件的相对的侧。
13.根据权利要求12所述的子组件,其中,所述蒸发器被支撑在所述蒸发室中,使得所述芯吸部件的最薄轮廓呈现在穿过所述蒸发室的气流方向上。
14.根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的子组件,其中,所述液体源包括具有环形形状并围绕所述蒸发室的储存器。
15.根据权利要求14所述的子组件,其中,所述蒸发室的壁也是所述储存器的内壁。
16.根据权利要求1至15中任一项所述的子组件,其中,所述子组件是用于电子蒸气供应系统的雾化烟弹。
17.一种电子蒸气供应系统,包括根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的子组件。
18.一种制造用于电子蒸气供应系统的蒸发器的方法,所述方法包括:
形成导电的加热元件;
将粉末的陶瓷材料以所需的形状布置在所述加热元件周围,以用作芯吸部件;并且
烧结所述陶瓷材料以形成多孔陶瓷的芯吸部件,所述加热元件嵌入所述芯吸部件中。
19.一种制造用于电子蒸气供应系统的蒸发器的方法,所述方法包括:
形成导电的加热元件;
将所述加热元件布置在第一层和第二层的多孔电绝缘材料片之间;以及
将所述第一层和所述第二层粘合在一起以形成多孔的芯吸部件,其中所述加热元件嵌入所述芯吸部件中。
20.一种电子蒸气供应装置,包括用于源液的储存器和邻近所述储存器的蒸发室,所述蒸发室能够蒸发在所述储存器中的源液,容纳蒸发器的所述蒸发室包括:
多孔陶瓷的芯吸部件;以及
金属的加热器元件,嵌入所述芯吸部件中并能连接到所述电子蒸气供应装置中的电池;其中
所述芯吸部件的两个端部穿过所述蒸发室的壁中的孔,以使所述蒸发器贯穿所述蒸发室悬挂,这两个端部穿入所述储存器内以吸收源液,并通过所述芯吸部件中的孔以毛细管作用将源液输送到所述加热器元件。
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| US20210392950A1 (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2021-12-23 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Inhalation device cartridge and inhalation device equipped with same |
| CN114025628A (zh) * | 2019-07-23 | 2022-02-08 | 尼科创业贸易有限公司 | 用于蒸气供应系统的多孔元件 |
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| CN114025628A (zh) * | 2019-07-23 | 2022-02-08 | 尼科创业贸易有限公司 | 用于蒸气供应系统的多孔元件 |
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| CA3103090A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
| CA3022340A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
| KR20210009450A (ko) | 2021-01-26 |
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| JP7323132B2 (ja) | 2023-08-08 |
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| AU2017256084A1 (en) | 2018-09-27 |
| EP4309715A2 (en) | 2024-01-24 |
| EP3448186A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 |
| RU2708249C1 (ru) | 2019-12-05 |
| PL3448186T3 (pl) | 2024-07-08 |
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| EP4309715A3 (en) | 2024-03-27 |
| CA3103090C (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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| US11744964B2 (en) | 2023-09-05 |
| WO2017187148A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
| PH12018502043A1 (en) | 2019-07-15 |
| BR112018071824B1 (pt) | 2023-01-10 |
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