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WO2025219168A1 - Procédé de production d'une vitre composite avec une partie d'insert fonctionnel - Google Patents

Procédé de production d'une vitre composite avec une partie d'insert fonctionnel

Info

Publication number
WO2025219168A1
WO2025219168A1 PCT/EP2025/059679 EP2025059679W WO2025219168A1 WO 2025219168 A1 WO2025219168 A1 WO 2025219168A1 EP 2025059679 W EP2025059679 W EP 2025059679W WO 2025219168 A1 WO2025219168 A1 WO 2025219168A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
pane
composite
connecting film
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/EP2025/059679
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Viktor SEIBEL
Muhammed Nasuh ALTIN
Michael Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Sekurit France
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Sekurit France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Sekurit France filed Critical Saint Gobain Sekurit France
Publication of WO2025219168A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025219168A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

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    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/06—Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2274/00—Thermoplastic elastomer material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B32B2307/737—Dimensions, e.g. volume or area
    • B32B2307/7375—Linear, e.g. length, distance or width
    • B32B2307/7376—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/748—Releasability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B43/00—Operations specially adapted for layered products and not otherwise provided for, e.g. repairing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B43/006—Delaminating

Definitions

  • the invention lies in the technical field of industrial pane production and relates to a method for producing a composite pane with a functional insert, a composite pane produced in particular by the method according to the invention and the use thereof.
  • Laminated panes typically consist of two panes and a thermoplastic interlayer that firmly bonds (laminates) the two panes together.
  • the thermoplastic interlayer is typically made from one or more thermoplastic bonding films (also known as laminating films), particularly PVB films.
  • Laminated panes are generally manufactured by autoclaving, where the panes are bonded together via the thermoplastic bonding films at high temperature and high pressure.
  • Functional inserts are designed, for example, in the form of electro-optical functional elements. These are planar structures with electrically controllable optical properties of an active layer. This means that the optical properties of the active layer, and in particular its transparency and scattering behavior, can be controlled by an applied electrical voltage.
  • WO 2007/122428 A1 uses two thermoplastic connecting films made of PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm and a frame film made of PVB with a thickness of 0.38 mm to integrate an SPD functional element into a composite pane.
  • WO 2007/122429 A1 describes the same structure for liquid crystal-based functional elements.
  • the lamination of the laminated pane places mechanical stress on the functional insert, particularly when curved panes are laminated, which is often the case.
  • the two panes may have different curvatures due to production tolerances or because this is desired. This can lead to reversible but also irreversible defects in the functional insert, such as a damaged active layer in an electro-optical functional element.
  • Certain functional inserts can also be particularly sensitive to mechanical stress, such as photovoltaic modules integrated into the laminated pane, which can break during lamination.
  • WO 2024/0281 13 A1 discloses a method for producing a composite pane containing an optically clear adhesive, in which a release film is used.
  • WO 2024/028109 A1 discloses a process for producing a composite pane containing an optically clear adhesive, in which the optically clear adhesive is used in film form.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for producing composite panes with integrated functional inserts.
  • the composite panes should be easy, cost-effective, and reliable to produce in large quantities in industrial series production with high optical quality and low waste.
  • a method for producing a composite pane with a functional insert is shown, wherein the functional insert is integrated into the composite pane, i.e. it is located in the intermediate layer between the two (individual) panes of the composite pane.
  • the method comprises the following steps, which are carried out, for example, in the specified order according to alphabetical designation, whereby the order according to alphabetical designation is not mandatory if this is technically reasonable, as follows from the following description.
  • a first pane and a second pane are provided.
  • the panes each have two surfaces (main surfaces) intended for viewing and, in particular, arranged substantially parallel to one another, as well as an edge surface extending therebetween.
  • the first pane has a first surface (I) and a second surface (II).
  • the second pane has a third surface (III) and a fourth surface (IV).
  • a release film which consists of a material which does not bond firmly to the first connecting film and the second connecting film in the subsequent step c), ie does not form an adhesive bond with the first connecting film and the second connecting film.
  • a functional insert is provided.
  • the functional insert is flat.
  • the functional insert has two surfaces (main surfaces) arranged essentially parallel to each other, as well as an edge surface extending between them.
  • a first layer stack is produced which contains the first pane and the second pane, wherein the second surface (II) of the first pane and the third surface (III) of the second pane face one another.
  • the first connecting film and the second connecting film are arranged between the first pane and the second pane, wherein the first connecting film is arranged directly adjacent to the first pane and the second connecting film is arranged directly adjacent to the second pane.
  • a plurality of first connecting films and/or a plurality of second connecting films can equally be provided in the first layer stack.
  • the method according to the invention also encompasses the case where a plurality of first connecting films are present in the first layer stack instead of a single first connecting film and/or a plurality of second connecting films are present instead of a single second connecting film.
  • a separating film is arranged between the first connecting film and the second connecting film in the first layer stack.
  • the at least one separating film is arranged directly adjacent to the first connecting film and/or directly adjacent to the second connecting film.
  • the release film is not made of an adhesive material.
  • the release film is made of a material that bonds non-adhesively to the first connecting film and the second connecting film during lamination in the subsequent step c), e.g., Teflon or polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), and allows the first connecting film and the second connecting film to be separated after lamination in step c) (see step d).
  • the release film is not made of a thermoplastic (adhesive) material within the meaning of the present invention.
  • the first layer stack is then laminated, whereby a firm connection (adhesive connection) of the first pane with the first connecting film and a firm connection (adhesive bond) of the second pane to the second bonding film is created.
  • Lamination produces a first composite of the first pane and the first bonding film, and a second composite of the second pane and the second bonding film.
  • the first laminate After lamination of the first stack of layers, the first laminate is separated from the second laminate at the release liner. The release liner is removed.
  • a second layer stack which contains the first composite and the second composite, wherein the second surface (II) of the first pane and the third surface (III) of the second pane face each other.
  • the frame film is located between the first composite and the second composite, in direct contact with the first connecting film and/or the second connecting film.
  • the cutout of the frame film is delimited by the first connecting film and/or the second connecting film, resulting in a receiving space (here, a cavity).
  • at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening are formed, each of which opens into the receiving space.
  • the cutout of the frame film is delimited by the first connecting film (on one side of the frame film) and/or by the second connecting film (on the other side of the frame film), resulting in the receiving space.
  • the functional insert is arranged within the receiving space or (immediately) adjacent to the receiving space.
  • the receiving space serves to accommodate optically clear adhesive in liquid form.
  • the thickness of the frame film is selected to be greater than the thickness of the functional insert.
  • the receiving space is thus larger than the functional insert. Consequently, the functional insert is not inserted precisely into the receiving space. It is understood that a plurality of inlet openings and/or a plurality of outlet openings can equally be provided.
  • the second layer stack is then laminated, preferably by autoclaving. This creates a strong bond (adhesive bond) between the first
  • the connection between the connecting film and the second connecting film and the frame film is created.
  • the connection between the frame film and the first connecting film and the second connecting film can be direct (through direct contact) or indirect.
  • the receiving space is thus tight or sealed, with the exception of the inlet and outlet openings, which each open into the receiving space.
  • a liquid optically clear adhesive is filled into the receiving space of the laminated second layer stack through the inlet opening, whereby gaseous substances contained in the receiving space can escape through the outlet opening.
  • optically clear adhesive cures, firmly bonding the first laminate to the second laminate. This creates the laminated pane.
  • a laminated pane with an integrated functional insert is produced, wherein the two panes are firmly connected to one another by the intermediate layer.
  • the functional insert is embedded in the intermediate layer.
  • the intermediate layer contains the thermoplastic material of the connecting foils and the frame foil, and the optically clear adhesive, wherein the optically clear adhesive is arranged entirely within the thermoplastic material.
  • the optically clear adhesive is embedded in the thermoplastic material and has direct contact with at least one main surface of the functional insert and preferably also with the edge surface of the functional insert.
  • OCA Optically clear adhesives
  • LOCA liquid optically clear adhesives
  • Optically clear adhesives are characterized by high optical quality with high light transmission and low-distortion transparency. They are particularly common where a virtually invisible adhesive layer is required, for example, in displays or touch panels.
  • Optically clear adhesives are often used in touch-sensitive displays, for example, to bond them to an LCD panel or to bond plastic covers to touch-sensitive displays.
  • the process according to the invention uses an optically clear adhesive in liquid form which, once cured, forms part of the intermediate layer that firmly bonds the two panes together.
  • the optically clear adhesive can, in principle, be selected arbitrarily, as long as it is sufficiently flowable to be poured into the receiving space of the laminated second layer stack and curing is possible.
  • the optically clear adhesive can, for example, contain or consist of polyurethane (PU), polyacrylate, silicone, epoxies, or a copolymer or mixture thereof.
  • the optically clear adhesive advantageously consists of a casting resin, in particular based on polyurethane or silicone.
  • the optically clear adhesive used in the process according to the invention is curable, i.e., it can be irreversibly cured. Typically, it is a plastic that is cured into a polymer-crosslinked state. This distinguishes the optically clear adhesive significantly from a thermoplastic material, which, although also optically transparent, can always be softened and, in particular, brought into a flowable state again (i.e., reversibly) by the application of heat. In contrast, the optically clear adhesive can no longer be softened and, in particular, brought into a flowable state once it has cured. The optically clear adhesive is therefore not a thermoplastic with adhesive properties.
  • thermoplastic refers to a material with adhesive properties which is suitable for forming a firm bond (adhesive bond) between the two panes during lamination by means of the bonding films and the To produce a frame film.
  • a thermoplastic material within the meaning of the invention, is a thermoplastic adhesive.
  • curing can occur through thermal curing (i.e., application of heat), through electromagnetic radiation, particularly UV radiation, IR radiation, or microwave radiation, through ultrasound, through the application of moisture, or through a chemical reaction between different components (particularly two-component adhesives).
  • the time required for curing of the optically clear adhesive can be influenced by temperature in many curing processes. In particular, curing can be accelerated by applying heat. Conversely, curing can be slowed by cooling. The time required for curing can therefore be controlled, for example, by heating or cooling the optically clear adhesive.
  • the term "lamination” refers to the creation of a strong adhesive bond under the influence of heat, vacuum, and/or pressure.
  • Known processes for producing a composite pane can be used.
  • Lamination by autoclaving takes place at an elevated pressure of approximately 10 bar to 5 bar and temperatures of 100°C to 50°C, preferably 20°C to 45°C, for a period of 1 hour to 4 hours, preferably 2 hours to 3 hours. Pressing in a calender between at least one pair of rollers is also possible. The temperature during the pressing process is, for example, 40°C to 50°C. Combinations of calendering and autoclaving processes have proven particularly successful in practice. Alternatively, vacuum lamination can also be used.
  • Vacuum laminators consist of one or more heatable and evacuatable chambers in which the glass panes are laminated over a period of, for example, approximately 60 minutes at a reduced pressure of 0.01 mbar to 800 mbar and a temperature of 80°C to 170°C.
  • Conventional vacuum bag or vacuum ring processes for example, operate at approximately 200 mbar and 80°C to 110°C.
  • the lamination of laminated panes has been described many times in the patent literature and is well known to those skilled in the art from the industrial series production of laminated panes, so it need not be discussed in detail here.
  • the first layer stack is laminated to firmly bond the first pane to the first bonding film and to firmly bond the second pane to the second bonding film.
  • Lamination by a known vacuum heating process, i.e., by a vacuum bag process in which the first layer stack is placed in a vacuum bag and heated in an oven.
  • the first layer stack is preferably not autoclaved (i.e., no heating while simultaneously applying pressure to the first layer stack).
  • the second layer stack is laminated to create a firm connection between the first connecting film and the second connecting film, each with the frame film (directly or indirectly), and to tightly seal the receiving space. All openings in the receiving space, with the exception of the inlet and outlet openings, must be closed by softening the thermoplastic material and filling all free air spaces, in particular between the inlet and outlet openings, which may be formed, for example, in the form of nozzles, and the thermoplastic material of the frame film. Furthermore, in step f), a firm connection (adhesive connection) between the two panes is created by the connecting films and the frame film.
  • the second layer stack is laminated by autoclaving, whereby the second layer stack is heated under pressure.
  • autoclaving Typical parameters for autoclaving are mentioned above.
  • the functional insert in step b), is arranged between the first connecting film and the release film in direct contact with the first connecting film, or between the second connecting film and the release film in direct contact with the second connecting film.
  • the functional insert is firmly (adhesively) connected to the first connecting film or the second connecting film, depending on which connecting film the functional insert is in direct contact with.
  • the functional insert firmly connected to the first connecting film or the second connecting film and the frame film are positioned relative to one another such that the functional insert is located within the receiving space or adjacent to the receiving space.
  • the receiving space is formed by the cutout in the frame film.
  • step b) a further frame film with a cutout is provided in the first layer stack, wherein the functional insert and the further frame film are positioned such that the functional insert is located within the cutout of the further frame film.
  • the further frame film can advantageously significantly reduce the mechanical stress on the functional insert during lamination of the first layer stack in step c). With regard to the mechanical stress on the functional insert, it is particularly advantageous if, measured in the stacking direction, a dimension or thickness of the further frame film is the same as a dimension or thickness of the functional insert.
  • the additional frame foil is arranged in the first layer stack in direct contact with the connecting foil with which the functional insert has direct contact.
  • the additional frame foil is a component of the first composite or second composite produced in step c).
  • the frame foil is arranged in direct contact with the additional frame foil.
  • a further release film is arranged in the first layer stack between the further frame film and the connecting film with which the functional insert has direct contact.
  • the further frame film is not a component of the first composite or second composite produced in step c), but is removed along the further release film. The further release film is also removed.
  • step e) the functional insert, which has been firmly bonded to the first connecting film or the second connecting film by lamination in step c), and the frame film are positioned relative to one another in such a way that the functional insert is located within the cutout or adjacent to the cutout of the frame film.
  • This measure has the particular advantage that the functional insert is securely positioned when filling the receiving space in the subsequent step g). An undesired change in the position of the functional insert cannot occur.
  • the mechanical stress on the functional insert during the lamination of the first layer stack in step c) is only temporary and acceptable, especially when using a additional frame film.
  • the additional frame film can be part of the second layer stack or can be removed before the second layer stack is formed.
  • step b) the functional insert is not arranged between the at least one first connecting film and the separating film or between the at least one second connecting film and the separating film, so that no fixed connection is created between the functional insert and the first connecting film or second connecting film.
  • step f) the second layer stack is laminated by autoclaving (i.e. heating under pressure) the complete second layer stack.
  • the second layer stack in the region of the frame film is heated (only) in certain areas, in particular by locally exposing the second layer stack to hot air and/or electrically heating the frame film. Measures for this are explained in more detail in the exemplary embodiments.
  • This embodiment has the particular advantage that a firm connection of the first connecting film and the second connecting film to the frame film can be carried out in a targeted manner to seal the receiving space, on the one hand to achieve a reliable and secure sealing of the receiving space and on the other hand to connect the components of the second layer stack to one another in a slip-proof manner for subsequent lamination, preferably by autoclaving.
  • the process reliability during production of the composite pane can be considerably improved as a result.
  • the first connecting film, the second connecting film, and the frame film(s) consist of the same thermoplastic material (adhesive), particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • a frame film made of PVB, EVA, or TPII with a defined thickness and serving as a spacer a receiving space of defined height for the optically clear adhesive can be reliably and safely created.
  • a particularly important advantage of PVB, EVA, or TPII is the reliable and secure sealing of an inlet and outlet nozzle embedded in the frame film. Furthermore, these materials are cost-effective.
  • the optically clear adhesive is completely accommodated within the receiving space.
  • the functional insert has direct contact with the first connecting film or the second connecting film and no direct contact with the other connecting film.
  • This measure enables the optically clear adhesive to have direct contact with a main surface of the functional insert, which can be associated with process-related advantages with regard to the mechanical loading of the functional insert and strength advantages for the composite pane.
  • the functional insert has no direct contact with the frame film. This measure enables the optically clear adhesive to have direct contact with an edge surface of the functional insert, which can be associated with process-related advantages with regard to the mechanical loading of the functional insert and strength advantages for the composite pane.
  • the liquid optically clear adhesive has direct contact with the first connecting film and/or direct contact with the second connecting film, which can be associated with strength advantages for the composite pane.
  • the liquid optically clear adhesive has direct contact with the frame film, which can also have strength advantages for the composite pane.
  • each separating film has a projection relative to the first connecting film and/or the second connecting film.
  • This measure has the advantage that in step d), the first composite and the second composite can be easily separated from each other.
  • the projection is at least
  • the functional insert is a planar body.
  • the insert can be designed in any desired manner, as long as its use in the composite pane according to the invention is possible and technically feasible.
  • the functional insert is an electro-optical functional element with electrically controllable optical properties, in particular an SPD functional element, a functional element based on liquid crystal technology, in particular a PDLC functional element, or an electrochromic functional element, a light source or a light guide, or a photovoltaic module.
  • the invention also extends to a composite pane which is preferably, but not necessarily, produced by the method according to the invention.
  • the composite pane comprises a first pane (e.g. glass pane) with a first surface I and a second surface II and a second pane (e.g. glass pane) with a third surface III and a fourth surface IV, wherein the first pane and the second pane are firmly connected to one another via an intermediate layer.
  • a first pane e.g. glass pane
  • a second pane e.g. glass pane
  • the intermediate layer comprises a first connecting film made of a thermoplastic material, which is firmly connected to the second surface II, a second connecting film made of a thermoplastic material, which is firmly connected to the third surface III, and a frame film made of a thermoplastic material, which is located between the first connecting film and the second connecting film and is firmly connected to them, as well as an optically clear adhesive.
  • the frame film has a cutout that is delimited by the first connecting layer and/or the second connecting layer and forms a receiving space in which or adjacent to which a functional insert is arranged. The receiving space is filled with the optically clear adhesive.
  • the functional insert is thus embedded in the intermediate layer and is thus a component of the intermediate layer.
  • the first connecting film, the second connecting film and the frame film are formed contiguously and can at least conceptually be identified as layered regions in the intermediate layer.
  • the intermediate layer may comprise a single frame foil or two frame foils located between the first connecting foil and the second connecting foil. If two frame foils are provided, their cutouts are arranged in overlap when viewed vertically through the laminated pane, with
  • the functional insert is located in a section of one frame film (hereinafter referred to as the "further frame film"), and the section of the other frame film forms the receiving space for the optically clear adhesive.
  • the functional insert is arranged adjacent to the receiving space. In a single frame film, this forms the receiving space, with the functional insert located in the receiving space, the receiving space being larger than the functional insert, and the remainder of the receiving space being filled with the optically clear adhesive.
  • the receiving space is not a cavity, since it contains the optically clear adhesive and, if applicable, the functional insert.
  • the first connecting film, the second connecting film and the frame film(s) consist of the same thermoplastic material, particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • the panes of the composite pane contain or consist of glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, or of clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, and/or mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable glasses are known, for example, from EP 0 847 965 B1.
  • the two panes are made of glass, particularly preferably of soda-lime glass, as is customary for window panes.
  • the panes can be clear, tinted, or colored. If the laminated pane is used as a windshield, it should have sufficient light transmission in the central viewing area, preferably at least 70% in the main viewing area A according to ECE R43.
  • the first pane and the second pane can also be referred to as the outer and inner panes.
  • the first pane and the second pane may have other suitable coatings known per se, for example anti-reflective coatings, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings, sun protection coatings or low-E coatings.
  • the thickness of the first pane and the second pane can vary widely and thus be adapted to the requirements of the individual case.
  • the first pane and the second pane advantageously have standard thicknesses of 0.7 mm to 25 mm, preferably of 1.4 mm to 2.5 mm for vehicle glass and preferably of 4 mm to 25 mm for furniture, appliances and buildings, in particular for functional radiators.
  • the size of the panes can vary widely and depends on the size of the use according to the invention.
  • the first and the second pane have areas of 200 cm2 to 20 m2, which are typical in vehicle construction and architecture, for example.
  • transparent means that the overall transmission of the laminated pane complies with the legal requirements for windshields and front side windows and preferably has a visible light transmittance of more than 70%, in particular more than 75%. Accordingly, “opaque” means a light transmittance of less than 5%, in particular 0%.
  • the laminated glazing can be designed to separate an interior space from the outside environment in an opening in a building or a window opening in a vehicle.
  • the invention extends to the use of the composite pane according to the invention on buildings or in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles, for example as a windscreen, rear window, side window and/or roof window, in particular in a passenger car or lorry.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of the frame foil of the intermediate product of Fig. 3,
  • Figure 5 shows a variant for processing the intermediate product of Figure 3, wherein the
  • Figure 7 shows a further variant for processing the intermediate product of Figure 3, in which a plate weight is used
  • Figure 8 shows a laminating device for the variant of Figure 7,
  • Figure 9 shows another variant for processing the intermediate product of Figure 3, in which heated plate weights are used,
  • Figure 10 shows a further variant for processing the intermediate product of Figure 3, in which hot air is used,
  • Figure 11 shows a further variant for processing the intermediate product of Figure 3, in which an induction heating is used
  • Figure 12 shows a further variant for processing the intermediate product of Figure 3, in which electrical heating wires are used
  • Figure 13 is a schematic representation of the laminated intermediate product of Figure 3 to illustrate the filling of the receiving space with optically clear adhesive
  • Figure 14 is a schematic representation of a variant of the laminated intermediate product of Figure 3 to illustrate the filling of the receiving space with optically clear adhesive
  • Figure 15 is a flow chart of the process for producing a composite pane.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention in cross-section.
  • the section is parallel to the stacking direction of the composite pane.
  • the composite pane designated overall by the reference numeral 100, comprises a layer stack which comprises a first pane 1 with a first surface I and a second surface II, and a second pane 3 with a third surface III and a fourth surface IV.
  • the second surface II and third surface III face one another.
  • the first surface I and the fourth surface IV face away from one another and form the outer surfaces of the composite pane 100.
  • the first pane 1 can also be referred to as the outer pane, and the second pane 3 as the inner pane.
  • the two panes 1, 3 are made, for example, of soda-lime glass and have, for example, a thickness of 1.4 mm to 2.5 mm.
  • the composite pane 100 is intended here, for example, as a transparent windshield of a motor vehicle.
  • the first connecting film 2, the second connecting film 4 and the frame film 5 are formed continuously, wherein in a stacking direction in the direction of gravity the first connecting film 2 is located above the frame film 5 and the second connecting film 4 is located below the frame film 5.
  • the first connecting film 2, the second connecting film 4 and the frame film 5 consist of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).
  • the intermediate layer 12 further comprises a flat functional insert 6, which is received in the cutout 8 or receiving space 16.
  • a dimension or thickness of the frame film 5 is greater than a dimension or thickness of the functional insert 6, wherein the remaining space of the receiving space 16 not occupied by the functional insert 6 is filled with a (cured) optically clear adhesive 7.
  • the intermediate layer 12 also comprises the optically clear adhesive 7.
  • the functional insert 6 is flat and has a first main surface 9 and a parallel second main surface 10, between which the edge surface 11 is located.
  • the first main surface 9 and the second main surface 10 face away from each other.
  • the functional insert 6 is arranged within the cutout 8 or receiving space 16 such that the first main surface 9 has direct contact with the first connecting film 2 and no direct contact with the second connecting film 4. Furthermore, the functional insert 6 has no direct contact with the frame film 5 within the receiving space 16.
  • the optically clear adhesive 7 is located in the receiving space 16 between the first connecting film 2 and the second connecting film 4 and is firmly bonded to them in direct contact.
  • the optically clear adhesive 7 has direct contact with the first connecting film 2 in the area where the functional insert 6 does not have direct contact with the first connecting film 2.
  • the optically clear adhesive 7 has direct contact with the edge surface 11 and the frame film 5.
  • the functional insert 6, which is, for example, an electro-optical functional element, such as an SPD functional element or PDLC functional element, is embedded in the intermediate layer 12, wherein the first main surface 9 has direct contact with the first connecting film 2 and the second main surface 10 and the edge surface 11 are surrounded by the optically clear adhesive 7 and have direct contact with the optically clear adhesive 7.
  • first layer stack 20 for producing the composite pane 100 of Figure 1 is illustrated in an exploded view for the sake of simplicity using a cross-section. It is understood that the components of the layer stack 20 lie on top of one another during the production of the composite pane 100.
  • a first layer stack 20 which contains the first pane 1, the first connecting film 2, the second pane 3, the second connecting film 4, a separating film 13 made of, for example, Teflon or PVF, and the functional insert 6.
  • a further frame film 5' with a cutout 8' is provided.
  • the first connecting film 2, the second connecting film 4 and further frame films 5' consist of PVB, EVA or TPII, preferably of the same thermoplastic material.
  • the second surface II and the third surface III face one another. Between the first pane 1 and the second pane 3, the first connecting film 2 is arranged directly adjacent to the first pane 1 and the second connecting film 4 is arranged directly adjacent to the second pane 3.
  • the separating film 13 is arranged between the first connecting film 2 and the second connecting film 4, with the functional insert 6 being located between the separating film 13 and the first connecting film 2.
  • the functional insert 6 has direct contact with the first connecting film 2.
  • the functional insert 6 is arranged within the cutout 8' of the further frame film 5'.
  • a further separating film 13' is provided, which is located between the further frame film 5' and the first connecting film 2.
  • the further separating film 13' has direct contact with the first connecting film 2 there.
  • the further separating film 13' extends along the edge surface 11 and the second main surface 10 of the functional insert 6 and has direct contact with these surfaces of the functional insert 6. In the area of the second main surface 10 the separating film 13 and the further separating film 13' lie on top of each other.
  • the separating film 13 and the further separating film 13' lie on top of each other.
  • the functional insert 6 In the first layer stack 20, it would equally be possible for the functional insert 6 to have direct contact with the second connecting film 4, in which case the further frame film 5' and the further separating film 13' are arranged symmetrically on the second connecting film 4. Furthermore, it would be possible for a plurality of first connecting films 2 and/or a plurality of second connecting films 4 to be provided.
  • the first layer stack 20 is laminated, creating an adhesive bond between the first pane 1 and the first connecting film 2 to produce a first composite 14, and an adhesive bond between the second pane 3 and the second connecting film 4 to produce a second composite 15. Furthermore, a firm bond between the functional insert 6 and the first connecting film 2 is created.
  • the first layer stack 20 is not autoclaved. Lamination can be achieved using a known vacuum heating process using a vacuum bag in an oven. The exact parameters are within the grasp of the person skilled in the art and need not be explained in detail here. What is essential is the production of the first composite 14 from the first pane 1, the first connecting film 2 and the functional insert 6, as well as the second composite 15 from the second pane 3 and the second connecting film 4.
  • the first composite 14 is separated from the second composite 1 at the release film 13 and the release film 13 is removed.
  • the further frame film 5' is removed, which is possible at the further release film 13', and the further release film 13' is removed.
  • the release film 13 prevents the further frame film 5' and the functional insert 6 from adhesively bonding to the second connecting film 4.
  • the further release film 13' prevents the further frame film 5' from adhesively bonding to the first connecting film 2.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a further (later) intermediate product (second layer stack 21) for producing the composite pane 100 of Figure 1 using a cross-section.
  • Figure 4 shows a plan view of the frame film 5 of the intermediate product of Figure 3.
  • a second layer stack 21 is produced, as illustrated in Figure 3, which contains the first composite 14 and the second composite 15, wherein the second surface II of the first pane 1 and the third surface III of the second pane 3 face each other.
  • the frame foil 5 is sandwiched between the first connecting foil 2 and the second Connecting film 4 arranged in direct contact with the first connecting film 2 and the second connecting film 4.
  • the functional insert 6 is arranged within the cutout 8 of the frame film 5.
  • the second layer stack 21 Before the receiving space 16 can be filled with the optically clear adhesive 7, the second layer stack 21 must be laminated, preferably by autoclaving. In particular, the receiving space 16 must be sealed.
  • the thermoplastic material must be heated to a sufficient temperature so that it softens and becomes flowable, which particularly affects leaks at the inlet opening 17 and the outlet opening 18.
  • Figures 5 to 12 illustrate various process variants.
  • Figures 5 and 6 illustrate autoclaving under the influence of gravity, with Figure 5 illustrating the basic principle and Figure 6 schematically showing a laminating device 19.
  • the second layer stack 21 is autoclaved at an elevated temperature, with mechanical pressure being exerted in the second layer stack 21 solely by the gravity of the (top) first pane 1.
  • a plurality of second layer stacks 21 are arranged vertically one above the other by means of spacers 22.
  • the second layer stacks 21 each have a horizontal orientation. In this way, a plurality of second layer stacks 21 can be processed simultaneously.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a further variant of the procedure as illustrated in Figures 7 and 8.
  • the plate weight 23 can be heated (e.g. electrically), wherein the second layer stack 21 is heated (only) locally in the area of the frame film 5.
  • the plate weight 23 rests with the projection 24 of the first pane 1 in the area of the frame film 5. This allows a targeted fusion of the first connecting film 2 and the second connecting film 4 with the frame film 5.
  • a further plate weight 23 is arranged on the second pane 3 so that the second layer stack 21 can be subjected to mechanical pressure from both sides and heated locally.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a further variant in which a hot-air device 25 is positioned on the first pane 1 in the region of the frame foil 5, by means of which the second layer stack 21 in the region of the frame foil 5 is locally exposed to hot air 26.
  • This measure can also be used to specifically fuse the first connecting foil 2 and the second connecting foil 4 with the frame foil 5.
  • Mechanical pressure can be generated solely by the gravity of the first pane 1, although active pressure application on both sides is equally possible, as indicated by the arrows in Figure 10.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a further variant in which an induction device 27, which encompasses the edge of the second layer stack 21, is positioned in the region of the frame foil 5.
  • the frame foil 5 is provided with ferromagnetic particles 28, which are not shown in detail in Figure 11.
  • the ferromagnetic particles 28 can be used to locally heat the frame foil 5 by induction, whereby the first connecting foil 2 and the second connecting foil 4 are also heated. This measure can also be used to specifically fuse the first connecting foil 2 and the second connecting foil 4 with the frame foil 5 through local heating.
  • Mechanical pressure can be generated solely by the gravity of the first pane 1, although active pressure application on both sides is equally possible, as indicated by the arrows in Figure 11. It is understood that the first connecting foil 2 and/or the second connecting foil 4 can also be provided with ferromagnetic particles.
  • Figure 12 illustrates a further variant in which one or more functional heating conductors 29 are arranged between the frame foil 5 and the first connecting foil 2, as well as between the frame foil 5 and the second connecting foil 4. This measure also allows for targeted fusing of the first connecting foil 2 and the second connecting foil 4 with the frame foil 5 through local heating.
  • Mechanical pressure can be generated solely by the gravity of the first pane 1, although active application of pressure on both sides is equally possible, as indicated by the arrows in Figure 12.
  • the second layer stack 21 can only be heated locally to fuse the first connecting foil 2 and the second connecting foil 4 with the frame foil 5. With only local heating of the second In any case, the second layer stack 21 must be completely laminated, preferably by autoclaving. Alternatively, the second layer stack 21 can be completely laminated in one step, preferably by autoclaving.
  • the functional insert 6 is arranged in the second layer stack 21 in the cutout 8 of the frame foil 5 or receiving space 16.
  • the functional insert 6 is firmly connected to the first connecting foil 2.
  • optically clear adhesive 7 in liquid form is poured into the receiving space 16 through the inlet opening 17, wherein gaseous substances contained in the receiving space 16 can escape through the outlet opening 18.
  • the receiving space 16 is completely filled with the optically clear adhesive 7.
  • the optically clear adhesive 7 has direct contact with the first connecting film 2 and direct contact with the second connecting film 4.
  • the optically clear adhesive 7 has direct contact with the second main surface 10 of the functional insert 6 and with its edge surface 11.
  • the receiving space 16 can be overfilled so that a portion of the optically clear adhesive 7 escapes from the outlet opening 18, whereby complete filling of the receiving space 16 can be ensured.
  • the still-liquid optically clear adhesive 7 is cured to firmly bond the first bonding film 2 to the second bonding film 4, e.g., by UV curing if this is a suitable method for the selected optically clear adhesive 7.
  • the inlet opening 17 and the outlet opening 18 are preferably removed.
  • the composite pane 100 shown in Figure 1 is thus produced.
  • Figure 14 shows a schematic representation of a variant of the laminated intermediate product (second layer stack 21) from Figure 13 to illustrate the filling of the receiving space 16 with optically clear adhesive.
  • the further frame film 5' is not removed, but rather is a component of the first composite 14, wherein the further frame film 5' is firmly connected to the first connecting film 2.
  • no further release film 13' is used for this purpose, so that during the lamination of the first layer stack 20, the further frame film 5' is firmly connected to the first connecting film 2.
  • the cutout 8' of the further frame film 5' and the cutout 8 of the frame film 5 are in a vertical view arranged in overlap by the second layer stack 21.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates the method according to the invention using a flowchart. Steps a) to h) refer to:
  • first pane 1 having a first surface (I) and a second surface (II), a second pane 3 having a third surface (III) and a fourth surface (IV), a first connecting film 2, a second connecting film 4, and a frame film 5, each consisting of a thermoplastic material, wherein the frame film 5 has a cutout 8, and a separating film 13.
  • first layer stack 20 containing the first pane 1 and the second pane 3, wherein the second surface (II) and the third surface (III) face each other, with the first connecting film 2 and the second connecting film 4 interposed, wherein the first connecting film 2 is arranged directly adjacent to the first pane 1 and the second connecting film 4 is arranged directly adjacent to the second pane 3, and wherein the separating film 13 is arranged between the first connecting film 2 and the second connecting film 4.
  • the invention provides an improved method for producing composite panes with integrated functional inserts.
  • the method can be implemented in the industrial series production of composite panes in conventional production facilities, allowing composite panes with high optical quality and low waste to be produced in large quantities simply, cost-effectively, and reliably.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'une vitre composite (100) avec une partie d'insert fonctionnel (6), comprenant les étapes suivantes : a) doter une première vitre (1) d'une première surface (I) et d'une deuxième surface (II), une seconde vitre (3) d'une troisième surface (III) et d'une quatrième surface (IV), un premier film de liaison (2), un second film de liaison (4), et un film de cadre (5), chacun étant constitué d'un matériau thermoplastique, ledit film de cadre (5) ayant une découpe (8), et fournir un film de séparation (13), b) produire un premier empilement de couches (20) contenant la première vitre (1) et la seconde vitre (3), lesdites deuxième surface (II) et troisième surface (III) se faisant face, avec interposition du premier film de liaison (2) et du second film de liaison (4), ledit premier film de liaison (2) étant directement adjacent à la première vitre (1), ledit second film de liaison (4) étant directement adjacent à la seconde vitre (3), ledit film de séparation (13) étant disposé entre le premier film de liaison (2) et le second film de liaison (4), c) stratifier le premier empilement de couches (20) afin de relier de manière rigide la première vitre (1) au premier film de liaison (2) et afin de relier de manière rigide la seconde vitre (3) au second film de liaison (4), un premier composite (14), constitué de la première vitre (1) et du premier film de liaison (2), et un second composite (15), constitué de la seconde vitre (3) et du second film de liaison (4) étant produit, d) séparer le premier composite (14) du second composite (15) au niveau du film de séparation (13) et retirer le film de séparation (13), e) produire un second empilement de couches (21) contenant le premier composite (14) et le second composite (15), lesdites deuxième surface (II) et troisième surface (III) se faisant face, ledit film de cadre (5) étant disposé entre le premier composite (14) et le second composite (15) et ayant une découpe (8) qui forme un espace de réception (16), ledit insert fonctionnel (6) étant disposé dans l'espace de réception (16) ou en position adjacente à l'espace de réception (16), au moins une ouverture d'entrée (17) et au moins une ouverture de sortie (18) étant formées, chacune d'elles s'ouvrant dans l'espace de réception, f) stratifier le second empilement de couches (21), en particulier au moyen d'un procédé d'autoclavage, g) remplir d'un adhésif optiquement transparent (7) l'espace de réception (16) du second empilement de couches stratifié (21) à travers l'ouverture d'entrée (17), les substances gazeuses contenues dans l'espace de réception (16) pouvant s'échapper à travers l'ouverture de sortie (18), et h) durcir l'adhésif optiquement transparent (7).
PCT/EP2025/059679 2024-04-15 2025-04-09 Procédé de production d'une vitre composite avec une partie d'insert fonctionnel Pending WO2025219168A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP24170371 2024-04-15
EP24170371.9 2024-04-15

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WO2025219168A1 true WO2025219168A1 (fr) 2025-10-23

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0876608B1 (fr) 1995-11-27 2002-04-17 Fuhr, Günter Procede et dispositif de production de phenomenes de resonance dans des suspensions de particules
EP0847965B1 (fr) 1996-12-12 2004-10-20 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage comprenant un substrat muni d'un empilement de couches minces pour la protection solaire et-ou l'isolation thermique
WO2007122429A1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2007-11-01 Pilkington Group Limited Vitrage
WO2007122428A1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2007-11-01 Pilkington Group Limited Vitrage
DE102008026339A1 (de) 2008-05-31 2009-12-03 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrisch schaltbares Sichtschutzfenster
WO2011033313A1 (fr) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Pilkington Group Limited Vitrage feuilleté
WO2024028113A1 (fr) 2022-08-01 2024-02-08 Saint-Gobain Glass France Procédé de production d'une vitre composite, et vitre composite
WO2024028109A1 (fr) 2022-08-01 2024-02-08 Saint-Gobain Glass France Procédé de production d'une vitre composite
WO2024116075A1 (fr) 2022-11-28 2024-06-06 Agp Worldwide Operations Gmbh Stratifié à bord scellé avec insert et procédé de production
WO2025001582A1 (fr) * 2023-06-29 2025-01-02 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Dispositif de gradation et procédé de préparation, et structure de gradation

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0876608B1 (fr) 1995-11-27 2002-04-17 Fuhr, Günter Procede et dispositif de production de phenomenes de resonance dans des suspensions de particules
EP0847965B1 (fr) 1996-12-12 2004-10-20 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage comprenant un substrat muni d'un empilement de couches minces pour la protection solaire et-ou l'isolation thermique
WO2007122429A1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2007-11-01 Pilkington Group Limited Vitrage
WO2007122428A1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2007-11-01 Pilkington Group Limited Vitrage
DE102008026339A1 (de) 2008-05-31 2009-12-03 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrisch schaltbares Sichtschutzfenster
WO2011033313A1 (fr) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Pilkington Group Limited Vitrage feuilleté
WO2024028113A1 (fr) 2022-08-01 2024-02-08 Saint-Gobain Glass France Procédé de production d'une vitre composite, et vitre composite
WO2024028109A1 (fr) 2022-08-01 2024-02-08 Saint-Gobain Glass France Procédé de production d'une vitre composite
WO2024116075A1 (fr) 2022-11-28 2024-06-06 Agp Worldwide Operations Gmbh Stratifié à bord scellé avec insert et procédé de production
WO2025001582A1 (fr) * 2023-06-29 2025-01-02 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Dispositif de gradation et procédé de préparation, et structure de gradation

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