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WO2021254977A1 - Procédé de satrification d'une vitre composite sans un autoclave - Google Patents

Procédé de satrification d'une vitre composite sans un autoclave Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021254977A1
WO2021254977A1 PCT/EP2021/066009 EP2021066009W WO2021254977A1 WO 2021254977 A1 WO2021254977 A1 WO 2021254977A1 EP 2021066009 W EP2021066009 W EP 2021066009W WO 2021254977 A1 WO2021254977 A1 WO 2021254977A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mbar
temperature
equal
absolute pressure
vacuum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2021/066009
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian SCHÜRGERS
Stephan GIER
Nikolai BORCHMANN
Markus KEWITZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority to CN202180002043.1A priority Critical patent/CN114158259A/zh
Publication of WO2021254977A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021254977A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10119—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having a composition deviating from the basic composition of soda-lime glass, e.g. borosilicate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10559—Shape of the cross-section
    • B32B17/10577—Surface roughness
    • B32B17/10587—Surface roughness created by embossing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
    • B32B17/10825—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts
    • B32B17/10834—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid
    • B32B17/10844—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
    • B32B17/10825—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts
    • B32B17/10834—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid
    • B32B17/10844—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid
    • B32B17/10853—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid the membrane being bag-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
    • B32B17/10871—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing in combination with particular heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10972—Degassing during the lamination
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the autoclave-free lamination of a composite pane.
  • Composite panes are widely used, for example as vehicle windows such as windshields, side windows, rear windows or roof windows in vehicles on water, on land or in the air, but also as architectural windows, as fire protection windows, as safety glazing or in furniture and movable or fixed furnishings.
  • Composite panes typically comprise two panes, for example a substrate pane and a cover pane, which are connected to one another via one or more intermediate layers, for example made of thermoplastic polyvinyl butyral (PVB) films, in a lamination process under the action of heat and pressure.
  • PVB thermoplastic polyvinyl butyral
  • Industrially customary lamination processes generally include a venting process combined with an autoclave process, as disclosed, for example, in DE 19903171 A1.
  • Autoclave processes are usually very time-consuming and energy-intensive.
  • Autoclave-free lamination processes often have the disadvantage that the panes are only inadequately bonded to one another and do not meet the usual requirements in the vehicle sector, for example. Furthermore, laminated composite panes without autoclave often show air inclusions and cloudiness in the edge area of the composite pane. For this reason, special intermediate layers are often used in autoclave-free lamination processes.
  • DE 196 43 404 A1 discloses an autoclave-free process in which a composite pane with a special plasticizer-containing, partially acetalized polyvinyl alcohol film with a very low water content of less than 0.35% by weight, based on the mass of the film and an effective content a silicon-organofunctional silane increasing the adhesion is produced.
  • the autoclave-free process includes a single-stage vacuum process in which the pane is heated to temperatures of 130 ° C.
  • US 2009/0126859 A1 discloses an autoclave-free method in which a composite pane is produced with a special ionomer film.
  • the object of the present invention is now to provide an improved method for the autoclave-free lamination of a composite pane, which makes it possible to manufacture composite panes of high quality cost-effectively.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved according to the invention by a method for the autoclave-free lamination of a composite pane according to independent claim 1. Preferred embodiments emerge from the subclaims.
  • the method according to the invention comprises at least the following method steps: A first step:
  • a sequence of steps for venting the stacking sequence comprising the steps:
  • Heating the stack sequence to a temperature of 90 ° C. to 140 ° C., preferably from 100 ° C. to 130 ° C. and in particular from 110 ° C. to 125 ° C.;
  • an increase in the absolute pressure p means an increase in the absolute value, for example from 100 mbar (compared to the ideal vacuum of 0 mbar) to 200 mbar (compared to the ideal vacuum of 0 mbar).
  • An absolute one Pressure from 0 mbar to 950 mbar can therefore also be referred to as negative pressure, since it is below normal pressure under standard conditions.
  • panes or, for example, functional layers or functional elements can also be arranged in the stacking sequence between the substrate wafer and the cover wafer, a composite pane having only the cover wafer and the substrate wafer as panes being preferred.
  • the absolute pressure p at a temperature T greater than or equal to 100 ° C is more than 300 mbar and in particular more than 500 mbar to prevent the softened intermediate layer (for example a PVB film) from being sucked out. to prevent the stacking sequence from the layer stack.
  • the pressure level should nevertheless still be as low as possible within the above-mentioned pressure range in order to prevent the formation of bubbles in the stacking sequence, in particular at its edges.
  • the stacking sequence is heated in method step (b4) with a temperature gradient of greater than or equal to 7 ° C./min, particularly preferably from 8 ° C./min to 30 ° C./min.
  • the temperature gradient is greater than in process step (b3). Due to the cold venting according to the invention that has already taken place in process step (b2), the heating can be carried out more quickly without any loss of quality, which saves process time.
  • the stacking sequence in method step (b4) is heated to the target temperature within a period of 1 min to 15 min.
  • the stacking sequence in method step (c) is initially cooled to a temperature T of less than or equal to 80 ° C, preferably less than or equal to 60 ° C and in particular less than or equal to 40 ° C before the vacuum ring or the vacuum bag is vented and removed.
  • the autoclave-free method according to the invention leads to a particularly intimate connection between the substrate wafer and the cover wafer, in particular in the critical edge area of the composite wafer and therefore a particularly good wafer quality. It goes without saying that the mentioned advantageous and preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention can further improve the quality of the composite pane.
  • the substrate disk and / or the cover disk preferably contain glass, particularly preferably flat glass, very particularly preferably float glass and, in particular, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, or consist thereof.
  • Alternative substrate disks and / or cover disks preferably contain clear plastics, particularly preferably rigid clear plastics and in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and / or mixtures thereof, or consist of them. It goes without saying that one of the panes can also contain glass and the other pane can contain or consist of plastic.
  • the substrate and / or the cover pane are preferably transparent, in particular for the use of the pane as a windshield or rear pane of a vehicle or other uses in which a high level of light transmission is desired.
  • Transparent in the context of the invention is then understood to mean a pane that has a transmission in the visible spectral range of greater than 70%.
  • the transmission can also be much lower, for example greater than 5%.
  • Substrates and / or cover disks are connected to one another by at least one intermediate layer.
  • the intermediate layer is preferably transparent.
  • the intermediate layer preferably contains at least one plastic, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • the intermediate layer can also, for example, polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polyacrylate, polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, casting resins, acrylates, fluorinated ethylene propylenes, polyvinyl fluoride and / or ethylene tetrafluoroethylene , or copolymers or mixtures thereof.
  • the intermediate layer can be formed by one or also by several films arranged one above the other, the thickness of a film preferably being from 0.025 mm to 1 mm, typically 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm. That is to say, the intermediate layer can each be made up of one or more foils. Preference is given here to at least three films arranged one above the other, in particular polyvinyl butyral films, with alternating, different plasticity or elasticity, as are known, for example, from EP 0763420 A1 or EP 0844075 A1.
  • the intermediate layers can preferably be thermoplastic and, after lamination, glue the substrate, the cover pane and any further intermediate layers to one another.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for processing intermediate layers made from one or more polyvinyl butyral films.
  • the surface of the polyvinyl butyral film can be embossed on one or both sides, completely or in sections and can have any roughness.
  • Such an embossing has the advantage that the stacking sequence is easier to evacuate due to the surface structure.
  • Particularly preferred are polyvinyl butyral films with a roughness R z from 15 pm to 110 pm.
  • R z is defined here as the mean roughness depth, i.e. the sum of the height of the largest profile peak and the depth of the largest profile valley within a single measurement section l r .
  • a polyvinyl butyral film with a water content of greater than or equal to 0.35% by weight based on the mass of the film is used as the intermediate layer, preferably with a water content of greater than or equal to 0.4% by weight. % and particularly preferably with a water content of greater than or equal to 0.45% by weight.
  • the polyvinyl butyral films are, in particular, free of silane.
  • the method according to the invention is therefore suitable for using an industrial standard PVB film with a water content of> 0.4% by weight and without special adhesion promoters containing silane.
  • Such films are particularly inexpensive and easy to process industrially.
  • the process according to the invention does not require any foils specially tailored to the process.
  • the method according to the invention can be used universally and can achieve particularly good results with the specified films.
  • the entire production of the composite pane is carried out in an autoclave-free and in particular also in a calender-free manner.
  • Calender-free means without a process step with a calender process.
  • the method according to the invention is therefore particularly energy-saving and inexpensive.
  • an absolute pressure p is continuously applied to the vacuum ring or the vacuum bag during method steps (b2) to (b5).
  • the vacuum ring and the vacuum bag have valves that maintain the vacuum in the ring or bag when the vacuum line is disconnected. Uncoupling may be necessary in order to transport the stacking sequence, in particular from one station to the next.
  • the pressure can increase due to leaks in the ring / sack stacking sequence and outgassing from the stacking sequence.
  • the absolute pressure p preferably remains less than or equal to 0.8 bar, particularly preferably less than or equal to 0.7 bar and in particular less than or equal to, even during the decoupling phases 0.5 bar. It has been shown that a short disconnection and a short pressure increase does not significantly worsen the results.
  • the stacking sequence can be heated by all technically sensible heating devices, for example by one or more electrically operated radiant heaters, for example made of quartz rods, by other suitable radiation sources, such as microwave radiators, by convection ovens, circulating air ovens or by streams of hot air.
  • electrically operated radiant heaters for example made of quartz rods
  • suitable radiation sources such as microwave radiators
  • convection ovens by convection ovens, circulating air ovens or by streams of hot air.
  • the stacking sequence is cooled to the required temperature.
  • a particularly rapid cooling can be achieved by at least one cooling unit, preferably by a fan with or without a heat exchanger. This has the particular advantage that the stacking sequence in process step (c) can be quickly cooled to the required temperature, which leads to a shortening of the process time.
  • Another aspect of the invention comprises the use of the method according to the invention for producing a composite window for means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles, trains, airplanes or ships, for example as a windshield, rear window, side window and / or Roof pane, for buildings, in particular in the access area, window area, roof area or facade area, as a built-in part in furniture and equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2A shows a temperature profile diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2B shows a pressure curve diagram of the exemplary embodiment from FIGS. 2A.
  • FIG. 3 shows a simplified illustration of a stacking sequence for producing a composite pane according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2A shows the temperature profile diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 2B shows the pressure profile diagram associated with FIG. 2A.
  • the temperature T in ° C. is plotted over a time axis t in the diagram in FIG. 2A.
  • the absolute pressure p in mbar is plotted over the corresponding time axis of FIG. 2A.
  • the pressure p is given as absolute pressure, so that the value 0 mbar corresponds to the ideal vacuum and a value of 1013.25 mbar corresponds to normal pressure under standard conditions.
  • FIG. 3 shows a simplified illustration of a stacking sequence for producing a composite pane according to the invention.
  • a stack sequence 1 is produced from, for example, a substrate wafer 2, an intermediate layer 3 and a cover wafer 4.
  • the composite pane to be produced from the stacking sequence 1 by autoclave-free lamination is, for example, a windshield of a passenger car.
  • the substrate disk 2 and the cover disk 4 are each approximately trapezoidal and have a slight curvature, as is customary for modern windshields.
  • the substrate wafer 2 and the cover wafer 4 are of the same size and are arranged congruently one above the other.
  • the substrate disk 2 and the cover disk 4 have a width of 0.9 m, for example, and a length at the lower edge U, that is to say on the longer base side of the trapezoidal panes, for example 1.5 m.
  • the edge opposite the lower edge U has a length of, for example 1.2 m.
  • the substrate disk 2 is provided, for example, to face the interior of the vehicle in the installed position, whereas the cover disk 4 is intended to face outward with respect to the vehicle interior.
  • Substrate disk 2 and cover disk 4 consist, for example, of soda-lime glass.
  • the thickness of the substrate wafer 2 is, for example, 1.6 mm and the thickness of the cover wafer 4 is 2.1 mm. It goes without saying that the substrate wafer 2 and cover wafer 4 can, for example, also have the same thickness.
  • the intermediate layer 3 is a thermoplastic intermediate layer and consists, for example, of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). For example, it has a thickness of 0.74 mm to 0.86 mm.
  • a vacuum ring is placed around the outer side edges of the stacking sequence 1.
  • the vacuum ring (“green snake”) consists of a hose that is stable under vacuum, has the shape of a closed ring and has a slot on its inside, into which the outer side edge of the stacking sequence 1 is inserted.
  • the vacuum ring completely encloses the side edges and the space between the substrate wafer 2 and the cover wafer 4 and seals it off using vacuum technology.
  • the vacuum ring is connected to an optional vacuum compensation tank and a vacuum pump via a vacuum hose. Vacuum ring, vacuum hose, possibly a vacuum compensation tank and vacuum pump form a vacuum system.
  • the vacuum compensation tank has a volume of 1 m 3 , for example.
  • the stacking sequence with a vacuum bag or vacuum ring can be transported into an oven, for example a convection oven, and heated there, for example, by a stream of hot air.
  • an oven for example a convection oven
  • the venting in this process step takes place at a temperature T of the stack sequence 1 between 0 ° C. and 30 ° C. and, for example, at room temperature (RT) of the surroundings of 25 ° C., for example. This takes place over a period t of greater than or equal to 5 minutes and, for example, of 10 minutes.
  • FIG. 2A shows an exemplary diagram of the temperature profile during the method according to the invention and FIG. 2B shows the corresponding pressure profile.
  • the horizontal axis is divided into process steps. Both axes are not to scale.
  • the stacking sequence 1 is heated to a temperature T of 40 ° C. to 70 ° C. and, for example, to a temperature of approx. 60 ° C.
  • the stacking sequence 1 is heated very slowly with a temperature gradient of approx. 4 ° C / min. The slow rise in temperature prevents premature edge sealing and ensures a certain dwell time within a temperature range in which gases such as evaporated water and heat-mobilized residual air can be sucked out of the stack of layers of stacking sequence 1.
  • a step (b4) the absolute pressure p on the vacuum bag or on the vacuum ring is increased to a value of 300 ° mbar to 950 mbar and, for example, to 500 mbar.
  • the temperature T is increased to 90 ° C. to 140 ° C. and, for example, to 120 ° C.
  • the temperature rise can take place here with a higher temperature gradient than in step (b3), for example with a temperature gradient of 20 ° C./min.
  • the period of time in which the layer stack is actively heated varies.
  • a period of 3 minutes to 10 minutes of active heating is a good target value if a heater with very good heat transfer is used, for example a self-heating vacuum bag that allows the heating pad to come into direct contact with at least one glass surface.
  • a heating power of equal to or greater than 2000 W / m 2 is advantageous.
  • the absolute pressure p is advantageously more than 300 mbar and in particular more than 500 mbar in order to prevent the softened intermediate layer 3 (PVB film) from being sucked out of the layer stack of the stacking sequence 1.
  • the pressure level should nevertheless still be as low as possible within the above-mentioned pressure range in order to prevent the formation of bubbles in the stacking sequence 1 and in particular at its edges.
  • a step (b5) the stacking sequence 1 is vented at the temperature T of, for example, 120 ° C. over a period t of greater than or equal to 1 min and, for example, 10 min.
  • the absolute pressure of p 500 mbar on the vacuum ring or on the vacuum bag is continuously maintained. As investigations by the inventors have shown, this increases the product quality, in particular, blistering is reduced.
  • a step (c) the stacking sequence 1 is cooled to a temperature T of less than 40 ° C. and, at the same time or subsequently, the vacuum ring or the vacuum bag is vented and removed.
  • the absolute pressure p on the vacuum bag or vacuum ring is only increased to ambient pressure after cooling at a temperature less than or equal to 60 ° C. and, for example, only at a temperature less than or equal to 40 °. Cooling under negative pressure (i.e. an absolute pressure that is less than the ambient pressure) is advantageous in order to reduce the possible formation of bubbles and cloudiness in the later laminated pane.
  • the total duration of the heat and vacuum treatment of the method according to the invention is, for example, only about 20 minutes-60 minutes.
  • the method according to the invention made it possible to achieve composite panes with the same or better quality in terms of blistering, cloudiness and aging resistance than in the autoclave lamination method according to the prior art.
  • the autoclave-free method according to the invention requires a shorter process time, is energy-saving and, overall, more cost-effective to carry out. This was unexpected and surprising to the person skilled in the art.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de stratification d'une vitre composite sans un autoclave, comprenant les étapes suivantes : (a) une séquence d'empilement (1) est produite au moins à partir d'une vitre de substrat (2), d'au moins une couche intermédiaire (3) et d'une couche de recouvrement (4) ; (b1) un anneau à vide ou un sac à vide est disposé autour de la séquence d'empilement (1) ; (b2) de l'air est éliminé de la séquence d'empilement (1) pendant une durée t supérieure ou égale à 5 min et à une température T de 0 à 40 °C en appliquant une pression absolue p inférieure ou égale à 300 mbar sur l'anneau à vide ou le sac à vide ; (b3) la séquence d'empilement (1), à une pression absolue p inférieure ou égale à 300 mbar, est chauffée à une température T de 40 à 70 °C à un gradient de température inférieur à 7 °C/min ; (b4) la séquence d'empilement (1) est chauffée à une température T de 90 à 140 °C et la pression absolue p est augmentée jusque de 300 à 950 mbar ; (b5) la séquence d'empilement (1), à une pression absolue p de 300 à 950 mbar, est maintenue à une température T de 90 à 140 °C pendant une durée t supérieure ou égale à 1 min ; (c) la séquence d'empilement (1) est refroidie à une température Y inférieure à 40 °C, de l'air est admis dans l'anneau à vide ou dans le sac à vide, et l'anneau à vide ou le sac à vide est retiré.
PCT/EP2021/066009 2020-06-17 2021-06-15 Procédé de satrification d'une vitre composite sans un autoclave Ceased WO2021254977A1 (fr)

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CN202180002043.1A CN114158259A (zh) 2020-06-17 2021-06-15 用于在没有热压罐的情况下层压复合片材的方法

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EP20180468.9 2020-06-17

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5536347A (en) 1994-09-22 1996-07-16 Monsanto Company No autoclave process for forming a safety glass laminate
EP0763420A1 (fr) 1995-09-15 1997-03-19 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Vitrage feuilleté d'isolation acoustique
DE19643404A1 (de) 1996-10-21 1998-04-23 Huels Troisdorf Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verbundsicherheitsscheiben
EP0844075A1 (fr) 1996-11-26 1998-05-27 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Vitrage feuilleté de protection acoustique pour véhicule
DE19903171A1 (de) 1999-01-27 2000-08-10 Sekurit Saint Gobain Deutsch Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Laminieren von Verbundscheiben
WO2009039053A1 (fr) 2007-09-17 2009-03-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Procédé de fabrication d'un laminé de verre
US20090126859A1 (en) 2007-11-16 2009-05-21 Cadwallader Robert J Process for producing glass laminates
WO2017102656A1 (fr) 2015-12-14 2017-06-22 Saint-Gobain Glass France Procédé de stratification sans autoclave d'une plaque composite

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5536347A (en) 1994-09-22 1996-07-16 Monsanto Company No autoclave process for forming a safety glass laminate
EP0763420A1 (fr) 1995-09-15 1997-03-19 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Vitrage feuilleté d'isolation acoustique
DE19643404A1 (de) 1996-10-21 1998-04-23 Huels Troisdorf Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verbundsicherheitsscheiben
EP0844075A1 (fr) 1996-11-26 1998-05-27 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Vitrage feuilleté de protection acoustique pour véhicule
DE19903171A1 (de) 1999-01-27 2000-08-10 Sekurit Saint Gobain Deutsch Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Laminieren von Verbundscheiben
WO2009039053A1 (fr) 2007-09-17 2009-03-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Procédé de fabrication d'un laminé de verre
US20090126859A1 (en) 2007-11-16 2009-05-21 Cadwallader Robert J Process for producing glass laminates
WO2017102656A1 (fr) 2015-12-14 2017-06-22 Saint-Gobain Glass France Procédé de stratification sans autoclave d'une plaque composite

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