WO2019004059A1 - 含フッ素弾性共重合体およびその製造方法、含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物ならびに架橋ゴム物品 - Google Patents
含フッ素弾性共重合体およびその製造方法、含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物ならびに架橋ゴム物品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019004059A1 WO2019004059A1 PCT/JP2018/023666 JP2018023666W WO2019004059A1 WO 2019004059 A1 WO2019004059 A1 WO 2019004059A1 JP 2018023666 W JP2018023666 W JP 2018023666W WO 2019004059 A1 WO2019004059 A1 WO 2019004059A1
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- C08F16/12—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
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- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
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- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
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- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0025—Crosslinking or vulcanising agents; including accelerators
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08L27/18—Homopolymers or copolymers or tetrafluoroethene
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer and a method for producing the same, a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer composition containing the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer, and a composition of the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer or the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer.
- the present invention relates to a crosslinked rubber article obtained by crosslinking an article.
- a crosslinked rubber article obtained by crosslinking a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer is excellent as chemical resistance, solvent resistance, heat resistance and the like, and thus is suitable as a sealing material for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus used in a severe environment.
- the sealing material for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus is required to release the metal component which affects the semiconductor product as little as possible. Therefore, it is necessary to use the thing with few contents of a metallic element as a sealing material for semiconductor manufacturing devices.
- a latex containing a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer is obtained by an emulsion polymerization method not using a metal compound, and the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer in the latex is coagulated using an acid not containing a metal element, and the fluorine-containing elasticity is aggregated.
- cleaning a copolymer with a non-water-soluble solvent (patent document 1).
- the present invention is a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer having a small content of metal element and excellent in crosslinkability and a method for producing the same, and a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer having a small content of metal element and excellent in crosslinkability.
- Elastic copolymer compositions as well as crosslinked rubber articles are provided.
- a unit a which has an iodine atom and is a unit based on tetrafluoroethylene
- a unit b which is a unit based on a monomer having one polymerizable unsaturated bond (except tetrafluoroethylene)
- polymerization A fluorine-containing elastic copolymer having a unit c which is a unit based on a fluorine-containing monomer having two or more unsaturated unsaturated bonds and having a metal content of 0.3 mass ppm or more and 20.0 ppm or less.
- the unit b is at least one selected from a unit based on a compound represented by the following formula (1), a unit based on a compound represented by the following formula (2), a unit based on ethylene and a unit based on propylene
- the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer as described in ⁇ 1> which is.
- R f3 is a perfluoroalkylene group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms or a group having one or more etheric oxygen atoms between carbon atoms and carbon atoms of the perfluoroalkylene group having 2 to 25 carbon atoms.
- CF 2 CFO (CF 2 ) 3
- OCF CF 2
- ⁇ 6> A fluorinated elastic copolymer composition comprising the fluorinated elastic copolymer according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5> and a crosslinking agent.
- ⁇ 7> A crosslinked rubber article obtained by crosslinking the fluorinated elastic copolymer according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5> or the fluorinated elastic copolymer composition according to ⁇ 6>.
- tetrafluoroethylene and a monomer having one polymerizable unsaturated bond except tetrafluoroethylene
- a latex containing a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer is obtained by emulsion polymerization of a fluorine-containing monomer having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds to obtain a latex containing a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer.
- R f4 is a polyfluoroalkylene group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.
- the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention has a small content of metal element and is excellent in the crosslinkability.
- the fluorinated elastic copolymer composition of the present invention has a small content of metal element and is excellent in the crosslinkability.
- the crosslinked rubber article of the present invention has a small content of metal element and is excellent in physical properties.
- the compound represented by Formula (1) is described as a compound (1).
- the compounds represented by other formulas are similarly described.
- the meanings of the following terms in the present specification are as follows.
- the “unit based on a monomer” is a generic name of an atomic group formed directly by polymerization of one monomer molecule and an atomic group obtained by chemical conversion of a part of the atomic group. In the present specification, units based on monomers are also simply referred to as monomer units.
- the content of the metal element in the liquid medium was determined using 29 types of metal elements (Fe, Na, K, Li, Be, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti) measured by an absolute calibration curve method using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer.
- the content of the metal element in the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer was determined by putting the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer to be measured in a platinum crucible and ashing it in a high-temperature electric heating furnace and then treating with sulfuric acid white smoke to dissolve in dilute nitric acid
- 29 kinds of metal elements Fe, Na, K, Li, Be, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, measured by an absolute calibration curve method using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer
- the content of the metal element in the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention is 20.0 mass ppm or less, preferably 10.0 mass ppm or less, and more preferably 5.0 mass ppm or less.
- the content of the metal element is equal to or less than the upper limit value of the above range, release of the metal component affecting the semiconductor product is caused when the crosslinked rubber article made of the fluorinated elastic copolymer is used as a sealing material for semiconductor manufacturing equipment. It can be suppressed sufficiently.
- the lower limit of the content of the metal element is 0.3 mass ppm.
- the crosslinking agent is added to make the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer composition, the crosslinking property is more excellent, and the dispersibility of the filler and the reinforcing material Also improve.
- the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention has an iodine atom and also has a unit a, a unit b and a unit c.
- the unit a is a unit based on tetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter also referred to as TFE) (hereinafter also referred to as TFE unit).
- TFE unit tetrafluoroethylene
- the proportion of the unit a is preferably 35 to 75 mol%, more preferably 40 to 75 mol%, and still more preferably 50 to 75 mol%, of all the units constituting the fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- the unit b is a unit based on a monomer having one polymerizable unsaturated bond (with the exception of tetrafluoroethylene).
- Specific examples of the unit b include a unit based on a compound (1) described later (hereinafter also referred to as a PAVE unit), a unit based on a compound (2) described later (hereinafter referred to as a POAVE unit), and a unit based on ethylene.
- a unit based on propylene, a fluorine atom and a monomer having a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom (such as bromotrifluoroethylene, iodotrifluoroethylene, etc.), a monomer having a fluorine atom and a nitrile group (CF 2 A unit based on CFO (CF 2 ) 5 CN, perfluoro (8-cyano-5-methyl-3,6-dioxa-1-octene) and the like can be mentioned.
- the PAVE unit is a unit based on compound (1)
- the POAVE unit is a unit based on compound (1).
- CF 2 CFOR f1 (1)
- R f1 is a C 1-10 perfluoroalkyl group.
- CF 2 CF (OCF 2 CF 2 ) n- (OCF 2 ) m -OR f 2 (2)
- R f2 is a C 1-4 perfluoroalkyl group
- n is an integer of 0 to 3
- m is an integer of 0 to 4
- n + m is an integer of 1 to 7 .
- the perfluoroalkyl group which is R f1 may be linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms of R f1 is preferably 1 to 5, and more preferably 1 to 3, from the viewpoint of improving the productivity of the fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- Specific examples of the compound (1) include the following. The description after the formula is an abbreviation of the compound.
- PMVE CF 2 CFOCF 3 :
- PMVE CF 2 CFOCF 2 CF 3 :
- PEVE CF 2 CFOCF 2 CF 2 CF 3 :
- PPVE CF 2 CFOCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3
- PMVE, PEVE and PPVE are preferable from the viewpoint of improving the productivity of the fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- the perfluoroalkyl group which is R f2 may be linear or branched.
- the carbon number of R f2 is preferably 1 to 3.
- n is 0, m is preferably 3 or 4.
- n is 1, m is preferably an integer of 2 to 4.
- n is 2 or 3, m is preferably 0.
- n is preferably an integer of 1 to 3. If the carbon number of R f 2 and n and m are within the above ranges, the low temperature characteristics when the fluorinated elastic copolymer is a crosslinked rubber article are further excellent, and the productivity of the fluorinated elastic copolymer is improved. Do.
- CF 2 CF-OCF 2 CF 2 -OCF 2 -OCF 2 -OCF 2 -OCF 2 -OCF 3:
- C9PEVE CF 2 CF-OCF 2 CF 2 -OCF 2 -OCF 3 :
- C7PEVE CF 2 CF-OCF 2 CF 2 -OCF 2 CF 2 -OCF 2 CF 3 :
- EEAVE CF 2 CF-OCF 2 -OCF 3
- CF 2 CF-OCF 2 -OCF 2 CF 3
- CF 2 CF-O (CF 2 CF (CF 3 ) O) 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3
- CF 2 CF-OCF 2 -OCF 2 -OCF 3
- C9PEVE, C7PEVE and EEAVE are superior in that the low temperature characteristics when the fluorinated elastic
- the proportion of the unit b is preferably 3 to 57 mol% of all the units constituting the fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- the proportion of the PAVE unit is preferably 3 to 57 mol%, more preferably 5 to 50 mol%, of all units constituting the fluorinated elastic copolymer, and more preferably 10 to 40 Mol% is more preferred.
- the proportion of POAVE units is preferably 3 to 57 mol%, more preferably 5 to 40 mol%, of all units constituting the fluoroelastic copolymer, and 8 to 30 Mol% is more preferred.
- the unit b contains at least one of an ethylene-based unit and a propylene-based unit
- the total proportion of these units is preferably 3 to 57 mol% of all the units constituting the fluorinated elastic copolymer, 5 to 50 mol% is more preferable, and 10 to 45 mol% is more preferable.
- the unit b contains at least one of a unit based on a monomer having a fluorine atom and a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom, and a unit based on a monomer having a fluorine atom and a nitrile group
- the ratio of the total of these units is Among all the units constituting the fluorinated elastic copolymer, 0.001 to 5 mol% is preferable, 0.001 to 3 mol% is more preferable, and 0.001 to 2 mol% is more preferable.
- the unit c is a unit based on a fluorine-containing monomer having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds.
- the number of polymerizable unsaturated bonds is preferably 2 to 6, more preferably 2 or 3, and particularly preferably 2.
- the fluorine-containing monomer having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds is preferably a perfluoro compound.
- the compound (3) is preferable from the viewpoint that the low-temperature characteristics are further excellent while maintaining the rubber physical properties when the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer is used as a crosslinked rubber article.
- R f3 is a perfluoroalkylene group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, or a group having one or more etheric oxygen atoms between carbon atoms of the perfluoroalkylene group having 2 to 25 carbon atoms.
- the perfluoroalkylene group may be linear or branched.
- the carbon number of R f3 is preferably 3 or 4 from the viewpoint that the low-temperature properties are further excellent while maintaining the rubber physical properties when the fluorinated elastic copolymer is used as a crosslinked rubber article.
- the proportion of the unit c is preferably 0.01 to 1 mol%, more preferably 0.05 to 0.5 mol%, of all units constituting the fluorinated elastic copolymer, and 0.05 to 0.3. Mol% is more preferred.
- the proportion of the unit c is at least the lower limit value of the above range, the crosslinking reactivity is excellent, and the crosslinked rubber after crosslinking has more excellent tensile strength and compression set at high temperature. If it is below the upper limit value of the said range, the crack at the time of stress, such as bending under high temperature, can be reduced more, maintaining the physical property excellent as crosslinked rubber after bridged.
- the fluorinated elastic copolymer has an iodine atom.
- the fluorinated elastic copolymer preferably has an iodine atom bonded to the end of the polymer chain.
- the term “end of polymer chain” is a concept including both ends of the main chain and ends of branched chains. It is preferable that the iodine atom in a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer contains the iodine atom derived from the below-mentioned compound (4). The iodine atom derived from the compound (4) is introduced at the end of the polymer chain.
- the unit b may contain an iodine atom in a unit based on a monomer having a fluorine atom and an iodine atom.
- the content of iodine atoms is preferably 0.01 to 1.5% by mass, and more preferably 0.01 to 1.0% by mass, of the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer.
- the crosslinkability of the fluorinated elastic copolymer is further excellent, and the rubber physical properties of the crosslinked rubber article are further excellent.
- the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention described above has a branched chain derived from the unit c and the content of the metal element is 20 mass ppm or less, so the content of the metal element is small, Excellent in crosslinkability. Therefore, a crosslinked rubber article obtained by crosslinking the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention is suitable as a sealing material for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus.
- the process for producing a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer of the present invention comprises the steps of emulsion-polymerizing a monomer component in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator and a compound (4) to obtain a latex containing a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer,
- the fluorinated elastic copolymer in the latex is coagulated using an acid containing no metal element.
- the monomer component is TFE, a monomer having one polymerizable unsaturated bond (except TFE), and a fluorine-containing monomer having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds.
- R f4 is a polyfluoroalkylene group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.
- Compound (4) functions as a chain transfer agent.
- the polyfluoroalkylene group which is R f4 may be linear or branched.
- R f4 a perfluoroalkylene group is preferable.
- 1,4-diiodoperfluorobutane, 1,6-diiodoperfluorohexane, 1,8-diiodoperfluorooctane and the like can be mentioned. Diiodoperfluorobutane is preferred.
- the amount of the compound (4) is preferably 0.005 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.02 to 5 parts by mass, and still more preferably 0.05 to 2 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the monomer component.
- the latex containing the fluorinated elastic copolymer is obtained by an emulsion polymerization method.
- the monomer component is polymerized in an aqueous medium containing a radical polymerization initiator, an emulsifier and the compound (4).
- a water-soluble initiator As a radical polymerization initiator, a water-soluble initiator is preferable.
- water-soluble initiators include persulfates (ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, etc.), hydrogen peroxide, water-soluble organic peroxides (disuccinic acid peroxide, diglutaric acid peroxide, tert-butyl hydroxyperoxide, etc.) , Redox initiators comprising an organic initiator (such as azobisisobutylamidine dihydrochloride), a combination of persulfates or hydrogen peroxide and a reducing agent such as sodium bisulfite or sodium thiosulfate, or a redox initiator
- organic initiator such as azobisisobutylamidine dihydrochloride
- a combination of persulfates or hydrogen peroxide and a reducing agent such as sodium bisulfite or sodium thiosulfate, or
- the aqueous medium water, a mixture of water and a water-soluble organic solvent, and the like can be mentioned.
- the water-soluble organic solvent include tert-butanol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol and the like, and from the viewpoint that the polymerization rate of the monomer does not decrease, tert-butanol, dipropylene Glycol monomethyl ether is preferred.
- the aqueous medium contains a water-soluble organic solvent, the dispersibility of the monomer and the dispersibility of the fluorinated elastic copolymer are excellent, and the productivity of the fluorinated elastic copolymer is excellent.
- the content of the water-soluble organic solvent is preferably 1 to 40 parts by mass, and more preferably 3 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of water.
- anionic emulsifier As an emulsifier, an anionic emulsifier, a nonionic emulsifier, a cationic emulsifier etc. are mentioned, An anionic emulsifier is preferable from the point which the mechanical and chemical stability of latex are further excellent.
- anionic emulsifiers include hydrocarbon emulsifiers (sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, etc.), fluorinated emulsifiers (ammonium perfluorooctanoate, sodium perfluorooctanoate, ammonium perfluorohexanoate, compound (5), etc.) Can be mentioned.
- X and Y are each a fluorine atom or a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- A is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal or NH 4
- p is 2 to 10
- q is an integer of 0 to 3.
- Examples of the compound (5) include the following. C 2 F 5 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONH 4 F (CF 2) 3 O ( CF (CF 3) CF 2 O) 2 CF (CF 3) COONH 4 F (CF 2 ) 3 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONH 4 F (CF 2) 3 O ( CF 2 CF 2 O) 2 CF 2 COONH 4 F (CF 2) 4 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONH 4, F (CF 2) 4 O ( CF 2 CF 2 O) 2 CF 2 COONH 4 F (CF 2) 3 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONa, F (CF 2) 3 O ( CF 2 CF 2 O) 2 CF 2 COONa F (CF 2) 4 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONa F (CF 2) 4 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONa F (CF 2) 4 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONa F (CF 2) 4 O ( CF 2 CF 2 O) 2 CF 2 COONa F
- the anionic emulsifier, ammonium perfluorooctanoate, C 2 F 5 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONH 4, F (CF 2) 4 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONH 4, F (CF 2) 3 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONH 4 is preferred.
- the amount of the emulsifier is preferably 0.01 to 15 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the aqueous medium.
- the polymerization conditions for radical polymerization are appropriately selected depending on the monomer composition and the decomposition temperature of the radical polymerization initiator.
- the polymerization pressure is preferably 0.1 to 20 MPa [gauge], more preferably 0.3 to 10 MPa [gauge], and still more preferably 0.3 to 5 MPa [gauge].
- the polymerization temperature is preferably 0 to 100 ° C., more preferably 10 to 90 ° C., and still more preferably 20 to 80 ° C.
- the polymerization time is preferably 1 to 72 hours, more preferably 1 to 24 hours, and still more preferably 1 to 12 hours.
- a pH buffer is preferably used to adjust the pH of the aqueous medium.
- inorganic salts and the like can be mentioned.
- inorganic salts include phosphates such as disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and carbonates such as sodium hydrogen carbonate and sodium carbonate. More preferable examples of the phosphate include disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate and the like.
- fluorine-containing elastic copolymer having a small content of metal element It is preferable not to use the compound which has a metallic element from the point which is easy to obtain a union.
- the aqueous medium used for the emulsion polymerization preferably has a content of the metal element of 2.0 mass ppm or less, from the viewpoint of easily obtaining a fluorinated elastic copolymer having a small content of the metal element.
- the content of the metal element is more preferably 1.0 mass ppm or less, and still more preferably 0.5 mass ppm or less.
- the lower limit of the content of the metal element is 0 mass ppb.
- Ultrapure water is particularly preferred as the aqueous medium.
- the fluorinated elastic copolymer is separated from the latex by aggregation with an acid.
- an acid not having a metal element is used from the viewpoint of obtaining a fluorinated elastic copolymer having a small content of the metal element.
- the acid having no metal element nitric acid, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, boric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, lactic acid, etc. Can be mentioned.
- Nitric acid is particularly preferred in that it is difficult to reduce the rubber physical properties of the crosslinked rubber article.
- the aggregation treatment with an acid is performed, for example, by mixing a latex containing a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer with an aqueous solution containing an acid (hereinafter, also referred to as an aqueous acid solution).
- concentration of the acid in the aqueous acid solution is preferably 0.1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 1 to 30% by mass, and still more preferably 1 to 10% by mass.
- concentration of the acid is equal to or more than the lower limit value of the above range, the fluorinated elastic copolymer is easily aggregated.
- the concentration of the acid is not more than the upper limit value of the above range, the corrosion of the metal device (aggregation tank, washing tank, dryer, etc.) used for the production of the fluorinated elastic copolymer is suppressed and finally obtained.
- the amount of anion derived from acid remaining in the fluorinated elastic copolymer to be obtained is small, and the rubber physical properties of the crosslinked rubber article are hardly deteriorated.
- the water used to prepare the aqueous acid solution preferably has a content of the metal element of 2.0 mass ppm or less from the viewpoint of easily obtaining a fluorinated elastic copolymer having a small content of the metal element.
- the content of the metal element is more preferably 1.0 mass ppm or less, and still more preferably 0.5 mass ppm or less.
- the lower limit of the content of the metal element is 0 mass ppb.
- Ultrapure water is particularly preferred as water.
- the amount of the aqueous acid solution is preferably 10 parts by mass or more, more preferably 50 to 1000 parts by mass, and still more preferably 100 to 500 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- the amount of the aqueous acid solution is equal to or more than the lower limit value of the above range, the fluorinated elastic copolymer is easily aggregated. If the amount of aqueous acid solution is equal to or less than the upper limit value of the above range, the amount of waste water generated by the aggregation treatment can be suppressed.
- the aggregated fluorinated elastic copolymer may be further washed with a liquid medium after being recovered by filtration or the like.
- a liquid medium used for washing in order to obtain a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer having a small content of metal element, one having a content of the metal element of 2.0 mass ppm or less is used.
- the content of the metal element is more preferably 1.0 mass ppm or less, and still more preferably 0.5 mass ppm or less.
- the lower limit of the content of the metal element is 0 mass ppb.
- cleaning the acid aqueous solution which does not have water and a metallic element is mentioned. A nitric acid aqueous solution etc.
- the concentration of the acid in the aqueous acid solution is preferably 0.1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 1 to 30% by mass, and still more preferably 1 to 10% by mass.
- Water is preferred, and ultrapure water is more preferred, since it is easy to obtain a fluorinated elastic copolymer having a content of the metal element of 0.3 to 20.0 mass ppm.
- the washed fluorinated elastic copolymer is recovered by filtration or the like.
- the number of times of washing may be one or two or more.
- the total amount of the liquid medium used for washing is preferably 10 parts by mass or more, more preferably 50 to 1000 parts by mass, and still more preferably 100 to 500 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer. If the total amount of the liquid medium is equal to or more than the lower limit value of the above range, the amount of anion derived from the acid remaining in the fluorinated elastic copolymer decreases, and the corrosion of the dryer or the like in the latter stage is suppressed. And hard to reduce the rubber physical properties of the crosslinked rubber article. If the total amount of the liquid medium is equal to or less than the upper limit value of the above range, the amount of drainage generated by the washing can be suppressed.
- the washed fluorinated elastic copolymer is dried under reduced pressure (vacuum drying) at a temperature of less than 100 ° C. from the viewpoint of suppressing the deterioration of the fluorinated elastic copolymer due to heat and suppressing the deterioration of the rubber physical properties of the crosslinked rubber article.
- the drying temperature is preferably 80 ° C. or less, more preferably 70 ° C. or less, and still more preferably 60 ° C. or less.
- the drying temperature is the temperature of the atmosphere in the dryer.
- the pressure at the time of drying is preferably 50 kPa or less, more preferably 30 kPa or less, and still more preferably 10 kPa or less.
- the metal content in the fluorinated elastic copolymer is a pH buffer at the time of polymerization, a radical polymerization initiator, an aqueous medium used for the polymerization, an acid aqueous solution in the aggregation treatment with an acid, and a liquid used for washing the fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- a medium containing a metal element as a medium or the like, the amount of metal contained in the fluorinated elastic copolymer can be adjusted. It is preferable to adjust the metal amount of the fluorinated elastic copolymer by using an inorganic salt which is a metal salt as a pH buffer at the time of polymerization.
- the content of the metal element in the fluorinated elastic copolymer after drying is 20.0 mass ppm or less, more preferably 10.0 mass ppm or less, and still more preferably 5.0 mass ppm or less.
- the lower limit of the content of the metal element is 0.3 mass ppm.
- the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer composition contains the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer of the present invention and a crosslinking agent.
- the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer composition may contain, if necessary, a crosslinking assistant, other additives and the like as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- an organic peroxide As a crosslinking agent, an organic peroxide, a polyol, an amine, a triazine, etc. are mentioned, An organic peroxide is preferable from the point which is excellent in productivity of a crosslinked rubber article, heat resistance, and chemical resistance.
- dialkyl peroxides di-tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl cumyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, ⁇ , ⁇ -bis (tert-butylperoxy) -p-diisopropylbenzene, 2,5-dimethyl -2,5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane-3 and the like, 1,1-di (tert-butylperoxy) -3 , 3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-dihydroperoxide, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butylperoxybenzene, 1,3-bis (tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene, 2,5-dimethylperoxide -2,5-d
- the blending amount of the crosslinking agent is preferably 0.3 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 5 parts by mass, and further preferably 0.5 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer. More preferable. If the compounding quantity of a crosslinking agent is in the said range, it is excellent in the balance of the intensity
- the crosslinking efficiency is higher.
- a crosslinking assistant triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, trimethallyl isocyanurate, 1,3,5-triacryloyl hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, triallyl trimellitate, m-phenylenediamine Bismaleimide, p-quinonedioxime, p, p'-dibenzoylquinone dioxime, dipropargyl terephthalate, diallyl phthalate, N, N ', N'',N'''-tetraallyl terephthalamide, vinyl group-containing Siloxane oligomers (polymethylvinylsiloxane, polymethylphenylvinylsiloxane, etc.) and the like can be mentioned.
- the blending amount of the crosslinking aid is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer. If the compounding amount of the crosslinking aid is within the above range, the balance between the strength and the elongation of the crosslinked rubber article is excellent.
- additives include metal oxides, pigments, fillers, reinforcing agents, processing aids and the like.
- the crosslinking reaction proceeds rapidly and reliably.
- metal oxides include oxides of divalent metals such as magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide and lead oxide.
- the compounding amount of the metal oxide is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer. If the compounding quantity of a metal oxide is in the said range, it is excellent in the balance of the intensity
- Fillers or reinforcing agents include carbon black, titanium oxide, silicon dioxide, clay, talc, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, TFE / ethylene copolymer, TFE / propylene Copolymers, TFE / vinylidene fluoride copolymers, etc. may be mentioned.
- processing aids include known ones.
- processing aids that exhibit the function as lubricants include fatty acid metal salts (sodium stearate, calcium stearate, etc.), synthetic waxes (polyethylene wax, etc.), fatty acid esters (glycerin monooleate, etc.), etc.
- the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer composition can be obtained by using a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer, a cross-linking agent, a cross-linking aid as needed, and the like by a kneading method using a known kneading apparatus such as a two roll, a kneader or a Banbury mixer. It is obtained by kneading the additive.
- Cross-linked rubber article is obtained by crosslinking the fluorinated elastic copolymer or the fluorinated elastic copolymer composition of the present invention.
- Cross-linked rubber articles include cross-linked rubber sheets, O-rings, sheet gaskets, oil seals, diaphragms, V-rings, parts for semiconductor manufacturing equipment, chemical-resistant sealing materials, paints, wire covering materials and the like.
- the crosslinked rubber article can be suitably used as a component for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus because the content of the metal element is small.
- Seal parts O-rings, square rings, gaskets, packings, packings, oil seals, bearing seals, lip seals, etc.
- tubes, hoses, various rubber rolls, diaphragms, linings, etc. are listed as parts for semiconductor manufacturing equipment comprising crosslinked rubber articles.
- Be Semiconductor manufacturing devices include etching devices (dry etching devices, plasma etching devices, reactive ion etching devices, reactive ion beam etching devices, sputter etching devices, ion beam etching devices, wet etching devices, ashing devices, etc.), cleaning devices (dry etching cleaning equipment, UV / O 3 cleaning device ion beam cleaning device laser beam cleaning device plasma cleaning device gas etching cleaning device extraction cleaning equipment Soxhlet extractive cleaning machine, high temperature and high pressure extractive cleaning machine, microwave extraction Cleaning equipment, supercritical extraction cleaning equipment, etc., exposure equipment (stepper, coater / developer etc.), polishing equipment (CMP equipment etc.), deposition equipment (CVD equipment, sputtering equipment etc.), diffusion / ion implantation equipment (oxidation diffusion) Equipment, ion injection Device etc.).
- etching devices dry etching devices, plasma etching devices, reactive ion etching devices, reactive ion beam etching devices, sp
- the crosslinked rubber article can be obtained by appropriately molding and crosslinking the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer or the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer composition of the present invention by a known method.
- the molding method may, for example, be an injection molding method, an extrusion molding method, a co-extrusion molding method, a blow molding method, a compression molding method, an inflation molding method, a transfer molding method or a calendar molding method.
- the fluorinated elastic copolymer composition contains an organic peroxide as a crosslinking agent
- crosslinking by heating is preferred.
- a specific method for producing a crosslinked rubber article by heat crosslinking for example, a heat press molding method can be mentioned.
- the heating temperature is preferably 130 to 220 ° C., more preferably 140 to 200 ° C., and still more preferably 150 to 180 ° C.
- the crosslinked rubber article obtained by heat press crosslinking (also referred to as primary crosslinking) is further heated, if necessary, in an oven or the like using electricity, hot air, steam or the like as a heat source to crosslink. It is also preferable to proceed (also referred to as secondary crosslinking).
- the temperature during secondary crosslinking is preferably 150 to 280 ° C., more preferably 180 to 260 ° C., and still more preferably 200 to 250 ° C.
- the secondary crosslinking time is preferably 1 to 48 hours, more preferably 4 to 24 hours.
- Examples of ionizing radiation in the method using ionizing radiation include electron beams and ⁇ rays.
- ionizing radiation it is preferable to form the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer or fluorine-containing elastic copolymer composition into a desired shape in advance, and then to crosslink by irradiating ionizing radiation.
- a method of applying a suspension containing a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer or a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer composition dissolved and dispersed in a suitable solvent and drying to form a coating, or a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer The method of extrusion-molding a combined or fluorine-containing elastic copolymer composition, and shape
- the irradiation dose of ionizing radiation is appropriately set, preferably 1 to 300 kGy, and more preferably 10 to 200 kGy.
- the content of iodine atoms in the fluorinated elastic copolymer was determined by an apparatus combining an automatic sample combustion apparatus (pre-treatment apparatus for ion chromatograph) (AQF-100 manufactured by Dia Instruments Co., Ltd.) and an ion chromatograph. .
- the content of the metal element in ultrapure water was determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS 7500 cs (product name), manufactured by Agilent Technologies), using 29 types of metal elements (Fe , Na, K, Li, Be, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Cs , Ba, Pb, Bi) were obtained by summing up the contents.
- ICP-MS 7500 cs product name
- 29 types of metal elements Fe , Na, K, Li, Be, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Cs , Ba, Pb, Bi
- the content of the metal element in the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer was put in a platinum crucible and ashed in a high-temperature electric heating furnace, and then treated with sulfuric acid white smoke and dissolved in dilute nitric acid to obtain an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer ( Twenty-nine kinds of metal elements (Fe, Na, K, Li, Be, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, V) measured by an absolute calibration method using ICP-MS 7500cs (product name) manufactured by Agilent Technologies. The total content of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Cs, Ba, Pb, Bi) was obtained.
- the content of the metal element in the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer-containing molded article is the inductively coupled plasma mass of a solution in which the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer-containing O-ring is immersed in 100 mL of 3.4% hydrochloric acid at room temperature for 24 hours
- Twenty-nine kinds of metal elements Fe, Na, K, Li, Be, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, V, measured by an absolute calibration method using an analyzer (Agilent Technologies, ICP-MS 7500 cs)
- the total content of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Cs, Ba, Pb, Bi) was obtained.
- ultrapure water one having a content of the metal element of 0.1 mass ppm was used.
- Example 1 After degassing a stainless steel pressure-resistant reactor with an inner volume of 2100 mL with an anchor wing, 804 g of ultrapure water, 80.1 g of a 30 mass% solution of C 2 F 5 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONH 4 , C3 DVE 0.72 g, 1.8 g of a 5% by mass aqueous solution of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, and 0.87 g of 1,4-diiodoperfluorobutane were charged, and the gas phase was replaced with nitrogen.
- TFE was introduced to pressurize the reactor internal pressure to 0.90 MPa [gauge]. This was repeated, and 7 g of PMVE was also injected each time 8 g of TFE was injected.
- post-added monomer the addition of the monomer (hereinafter referred to as “post-added monomer”) injected after the start of polymerization is stopped, and the temperature inside the reactor is cooled to 10 ° C. The polymerization reaction was stopped to obtain a latex containing a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer. The polymerization time was 185 minutes.
- Nitric acid (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., special grade grade) was dissolved in ultra pure water to prepare a 3 mass% aqueous solution of nitric acid.
- the latex was added to an aqueous solution of nitric acid in a TFE / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer (PFA) container to coagulate the fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- the amount of aqueous nitric acid solution was 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer in the latex.
- the coagulated fluorinated elastic copolymer was recovered by filtration, introduced into ultrapure water in a PFA container, and washed by stirring at 200 rpm for 30 minutes.
- the amount of ultrapure water was 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer. The washing was repeated 10 times.
- the washed fluorinated elastic copolymer was recovered by filtration and dried under reduced pressure at 50 ° C. and 10 kPa to obtain a white fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- the content of the metal element in the fluorinated elastic copolymer was 1.0 ppm.
- Example 2 After degassing a stainless steel pressure-resistant reactor with an internal volume of 3200 mL equipped with anchor wings, 1500 g of ultrapure water, 59 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate 12-hydrate, 0.7 g of sodium hydroxide, tert-butanol , 9 g of sodium lauryl sulfate, 9 g of 1,4-diiodoperfluorobutane, 9.8 g of C3 DVE and 6 g of ammonium persulfate.
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate
- ferrous sulfate heptahydrate ferrous sulfate heptahydrate
- Rongalite sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate dihydrate
- a 5% by weight aqueous solution is added to the reactor to initiate the polymerization reaction.
- a 2.5% by weight aqueous solution of Rongalite was continuously added to the reactor.
- the latex was added to an aqueous solution of nitric acid in the same PFA container as in Example 1 to coagulate the fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- concentration of the aqueous nitric acid solution was 10% by mass.
- amount of aqueous nitric acid solution was 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer in the latex.
- the coagulated fluorinated elastic copolymer was recovered by filtration, introduced into ultrapure water in a PFA container, and washed by stirring at 200 rpm for 30 minutes.
- the amount of ultrapure water was 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer. The washing was repeated 10 times.
- the washed fluorinated elastic copolymer was recovered by filtration and dried at 100 ° C. for 15 hours to obtain a white fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- the content of the metal element in the fluorinated elastic copolymer was 15.0 ppm.
- Example 3 In Example 1, the coagulated fluorinated elastic copolymer was recovered by filtration, and the washing with an aqueous acid solution and the washing with ultrapure water were performed by the following method.
- the recovered fluorinated elastic copolymer was charged into an aqueous acid solution (0.5% by mass aqueous solution of nitric acid) prepared in advance, and washed by stirring at 200 rpm for 30 minutes.
- the amount of the aqueous acid solution was 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer. This wash was repeated three times. Thereafter, it was introduced into ultrapure water in a PFA container, and stirred for 30 minutes at 200 rpm for cleaning.
- the amount of ultrapure water was 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer. This washing was repeated seven times. The washed fluorinated elastic copolymer was recovered by filtration and dried under reduced pressure at 50 ° C. and 10 kPa to obtain a white fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- the composition of the fluorinated elastic copolymer was the same as in Example 1. The content of the metal element in the fluorinated elastic copolymer was 0.2 ppm.
- Example 4 In Example 1, when the latex was coagulated, a 5% by mass aqueous solution of potassium aluminum sulfate was used in place of the aqueous nitric acid solution. The amount of the aqueous potassium potassium sulfate solution was 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer in the latex.
- the aggregated fluorinated elastic copolymer was recovered by filtration and washed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the washed fluorinated elastic copolymer was recovered by filtration and dried as in Example 1 to obtain a white fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- the composition of the fluorinated elastic copolymer was the same as in Example 1.
- the content of the metal element in the fluorinated elastic copolymer was 120.0 ppm.
- Example 5 a fluorinated elastic copolymer containing no unit c was produced. After degassing a stainless steel pressure-resistant reactor with an inner volume of 2100 mL with an anchor wing, 804 g of ultrapure water, 80.1 g of a 30 mass% solution of C 2 F 5 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONH 4 , phosphoric acid 1.8 g of a 5% by mass aqueous solution of disodium hydrogen dodecahydrate and 0.87 g of 1,4-diiodoperfluorobutane were charged, and the gas phase was replaced with nitrogen.
- TFE was introduced to pressurize the reactor internal pressure to 0.90 MPa [gauge]. This was repeated, and 7 g of PMVE was also injected each time 8 g of TFE was injected.
- post-added monomer the addition of the monomer (hereinafter referred to as “post-added monomer”) injected after the start of polymerization is stopped, and the temperature inside the reactor is cooled to 10 ° C. The polymerization reaction was stopped to obtain a latex containing a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer. The polymerization time was 180 minutes.
- the latex was coagulated, washed and dried in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a white fluorinated elastic copolymer.
- the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer composition of Example 1 was obtained by kneading with a two-roll at a ratio of 1 part by mass of Perhexa (registered trademark) 25B and 1 part by mass of calcium stearate.
- the fluorinated elastic copolymer compositions of Examples 2 to 5 were similarly obtained for the fluorinated elastic copolymers of Examples 2 to 5.
- the metal element content of the crosslinked rubber O-ring obtained above was examined by ICP-MS, the metal element content was 0.6 ppm in total.
- the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention can be used for ordinary rubber products.
- the content of the metal element is particularly small and the crosslinkability is excellent, it can be suitably used as a sealing material for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus.
- the entire contents of the specification, claims and abstract of Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-124890 filed on Jun. 27, 2017 are incorporated herein by reference and incorporated as disclosure of the specification of the present invention. It is.
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Abstract
Description
金属化合物を用いない乳化重合法によって含フッ素弾性共重合体を含むラテックスを得て、ラテックス中の含フッ素弾性共重合体を、金属元素を含まない酸を用いて凝集させ、凝集した含フッ素弾性共重合体を非水溶性溶媒で洗浄して得られた含フッ素弾性共重合体(特許文献1)。
特許文献1には、TFE(テトラフルオロエチレン)と、CF3CF2CF2O(CF(CF3)CF2O)2CF=CF2で示されるPNVEと、ICH2CF2CF2OCF=CF2で示されるIMとの共重合体(実施例1、3)、TFEと、PMVE(パーフルオロメチルビニル)との共重合体(実施例2)、TFEと、PMVEと、IMとの共重合体(実施例4、5)、またはTFEと、PMVEと、CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2CF2CNで示されるCNVEとの共重合体(実施例6)において、金属元素の含有量を低減した実施例が記載されている。
本発明は、金属元素の含有量が少なく、架橋性に優れる含フッ素弾性共重合体およびその製造方法、金属元素の含有量が少なく、架橋性に優れる含フッ素弾性共重合体を用いた含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物ならびに架橋ゴム物品を提供する。
<1>ヨウ素原子を有すると共に、テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく単位である単位a、重合性不飽和結合を1個有する単量体(ただしテトラフルオロエチレンを除く。)に基づく単位である単位bおよび重合性不飽和結合を2個以上有する含フッ素単量体に基づく単位である単位cを有し、金属含有量が0.3質量ppm以上20.0ppm以下である、含フッ素弾性共重合体。
<2>前記単位bが、下記式(1)で表される化合物に基づく単位、下記式(2)で表される化合物に基づく単位、エチレンに基づく単位およびプロピレンに基づく単位から選ばれる少なくとも一種である、<1>に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体。
CF2=CFORf1 (1)
(ただし、Rf1は、炭素数1~10のペルフルオロアルキル基である。)
CF2=CF(OCF2CF2)n-(OCF2)m-ORf2 (2)
(ただし、Rf2は、炭素数1~4のペルフルオロアルキル基であり、nは、0~3の整数であり、mは、0~4の整数であり、n+mは、1~7の整数である。)
<3>前記単位bが、Rf1の炭素数が1~3である前記式(1)で表される化合物に基づく単位、下記式で表されるいずれかの化合物である前記式(2)で表される化合物に基づく単位およびプロピレンに基づく単位から選ばれる少なくとも一種である、<2>に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体。
CF2=CF-OCF2CF2-OCF2-OCF2-OCF2-OCF2-OCF3
CF2=CF-OCF2CF2-OCF2-OCF2-OCF3
CF2=CF-OCF2CF2-OCF2CF2-OCF2CF3
<4>前記単位cが、下記式(3)で表される化合物に基づく単位である、<1>~<3>のいずれかに記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体。
CF2=CFORf3OCF=CF2 (3)
(ただし、Rf3は、炭素数1~25のペルフルオロアルキレン基、または炭素数2~25のペルフルオロアルキレン基の炭素原子-炭素原子間に1個以上のエーテル性酸素原子を有する基である。)
<5>前記単位cが、下記式で表されるいずれかの化合物に基づく単位である、<4>に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体。
CF2=CFO(CF2)3OCF=CF2
CF2=CFO(CF2)4OCF=CF2
<7>前記<1>~<5>のいずれかに記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体または<6>に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物を架橋してなる、架橋ゴム物品。
<8>ラジカル重合開始剤および下式(4)で表される化合物の存在下で、テトラフルオロエチレンと、重合性不飽和結合を1個有する単量体(ただしテトラフルオロエチレンを除く。)と、重合性不飽和結合を2個以上有する含フッ素単量体とを乳化重合させて含フッ素弾性共重合体を含むラテックスを得て、前記ラテックス中の含フッ素弾性共重合体を、金属元素を含有しない酸を用いて凝集させる、<1>~<5>のいずれかに記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体を製造する方法。
Rf4I2 (4)
ただし、Rf4は、炭素数1~16のポリフルオロアルキレン基である。
<9>前記凝集の後に、金属元素の含有量が2質量ppm以下である液状媒体を用いて洗浄する、<8>に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体の製造方法。
本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物は、金属元素の含有量が少なく、架橋性に優れる。
本発明の架橋ゴム物品は、金属元素の含有量が少なく、物性に優れる。
本明細書における以下の用語の意味は、以下の通りである。
「単量体に基づく単位」は、単量体1分子が重合して直接形成される原子団と、該原子団の一部を化学変換して得られる原子団との総称である。本明細書において、単量体に基づく単位を、単に、単量体単位とも記す。
液状媒体における金属元素の含有量は、誘導結合プラズマ質量分析装置を用いて、絶対検量線法により測定した29種類の金属元素(Fe、Na、K、Li、Be、Mg,Al,Ca,Ti,V,Cr,Mn、Co、Ni,Cu,Zn,Ga,Rb,Sr,Zr,Mo,Ag,Cd,In,Sn,Cs,Ba,Pb,Bi)の含有量の合計値である。
含フッ素弾性共重合体における金属元素の含有量は、測定対象の含フッ素弾性共重合体を白金ルツボに入れて高温電気加熱炉で灰化した後、硫酸白煙処理を行い希硝酸に溶解した液について、誘導結合プラズマ質量分析装置を用いて、絶対検量線法により測定した29種類の金属元素(Fe、Na、K、Li、Be、Mg,Al,Ca,Ti,V,Cr,Mn、Co、Ni,Cu,Zn,Ga,Rb,Sr,Zr,Mo,Ag,Cd,In,Sn,Cs,Ba,Pb,Bi)の含有量の合計値である。
本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体における金属元素の含有量は、20.0質量ppm以下であり、10.0質量ppm以下が好ましく、5.0質量ppm以下がより好ましい。金属元素の含有量が前記範囲の上限値以下であれば、含フッ素弾性共重合体からなる架橋ゴム物品を半導体製造装置用シール材としたときに、半導体製品に影響を与える金属成分の放出を充分に抑制できる。金属元素の含有量の下限値は0.3質量ppmである。金属元素の含有量が前記範囲の下限値以上であれば、架橋剤を添加して含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物としたときに、架橋性がより優れるとともに、充填剤や補強材の分散性も向上する。
単位aは、テトラフルオロエチレン(以下、TFEとも記す。)に基づく単位(以下、TFE単位とも記す。)である。
単位aの割合は、含フッ素弾性共重合体を構成するすべての単位のうち、35~75モル%が好ましく、40~75モル%がより好ましく、50~75モル%がさらに好ましい。
単位bの具体例としては、後述の化合物(1)に基づく単位(以下、PAVE単位とも記す。)、後述の化合物(2)に基づく単位(以下、POAVE単位とも記す。)、エチレンに基づく単位、プロピレンに基づく単位、フッ素原子およびフッ素原子以外のハロゲン原子を有する単量体(ブロモトリフルオロエチレン、ヨードトリフルオロエチレン等)に基づく単位、フッ素原子およびニトリル基を有する単量体(CF2=CFO(CF2)5CN、ペルフルオロ(8-シアノ-5-メチル-3,6-ジオキサ-1-オクテン)等)に基づく単位が挙げられる。
CF2=CFORf1 (1)
ただし、Rf1は、炭素数1~10のペルフルオロアルキル基である。
CF2=CF(OCF2CF2)n-(OCF2)m-ORf2 (2)
ただし、Rf2は、炭素数1~4のペルフルオロアルキル基であり、nは、0~3の整数であり、mは、0~4の整数であり、n+mは、1~7の整数である。
化合物(1)の具体例としては、下記のものが挙げられる。なお、式の後の記載は、その化合物の略称である。
CF2=CFOCF3 :PMVE
CF2=CFOCF2CF3 :PEVE
CF2=CFOCF2CF2CF3 :PPVE
CF2=CFOCF2CF2CF2CF3
化合物(1)としては、含フッ素弾性共重合体の生産性が向上する点から、PMVE、PEVE、PPVEが好ましい。
nが0のとき、mは3または4が好ましい。
nが1のとき、mは2~4の整数が好ましい。
nが2または3のとき、mは0が好ましい。
nは、1~3の整数が好ましい。
Rf2の炭素数、nおよびmが前記範囲内であれば、含フッ素弾性共重合体を架橋ゴム物品としたときの低温特性がさらに優れ、また、含フッ素弾性共重合体の生産性が向上する。
CF2=CF-OCF2CF2-OCF2-OCF2-OCF2-OCF2-OCF3 :C9PEVE
CF2=CF-OCF2CF2-OCF2-OCF2-OCF3 :C7PEVE
CF2=CF-OCF2CF2-OCF2CF2-OCF2CF3 :EEAVE
CF2=CF-OCF2-OCF3
CF2=CF-OCF2-OCF2CF3
CF2=CF-O(CF2CF(CF3)O)2CF2CF2CF3
CF2=CF-OCF2-OCF2-OCF3
化合物(2)としては、含フッ素弾性共重合体を架橋ゴム物品としたときの低温特性がさらに優れ、また、含フッ素弾性共重合体の生産性が向上する点から、C9PEVE、C7PEVE、EEAVEが好ましい。
単位bがPAVE単位を含む場合、PAVE単位の割合は、含フッ素弾性共重合体を構成するすべての単位のうち、3~57モル%が好ましく、5~50モル%がより好ましく、10~40モル%がさらに好ましい。
単位bがPOAVE単位を含む場合、POAVE単位の割合は、含フッ素弾性共重合体を構成するすべての単位のうち、3~57モル%が好ましく、5~40モル%がより好ましく、8~30モル%がさらに好ましい。
単位bがエチレンに基づく単位およびプロピレンに基づく単位の少なくとも一方を含む場合、これらの単位の合計の割合は含フッ素弾性共重合体を構成するすべての単位のうち、3~57モル%が好ましく、5~50モル%がより好ましく、10~45モル%がさらに好ましい。
単位bがフッ素原子およびフッ素原子以外のハロゲン原子を有する単量体に基づく単位、ならびにフッ素原子およびニトリル基を有する単量体に基づく単位の少なくとも一方を含む場合、これらの単位の合計の割合は含フッ素弾性共重合体を構成するすべての単位のうち、0.001~5モル%が好ましく、0.001~3モル%がより好ましく、0.001~2モル%がさらに好ましい。
重合性不飽和結合としては、炭素原子-炭素原子間の二重結合(C=C)、三重結合(C≡C)等が挙げられ、二重結合が好ましい。重合性不飽和結合の数は、2~6個が好ましく、2または3個がより好ましく、2個が特に好ましい。
重合性不飽和結合を2個以上有する含フッ素単量体は、ぺルフルオロ化合物であることが好ましい。
CF2=CFORf3OCF=CF2 (3)
ただし、Rf3は、炭素数1~25のペルフルオロアルキレン基、または炭素数2~25のペルフルオロアルキレン基の炭素原子-炭素原子間に1個以上のエーテル性酸素原子を有する基である。
Rf3において、ペルフルオロアルキレン基は、直鎖状であってもよく、分岐状であってもよい。Rf3の炭素数は、含フッ素弾性共重合体を架橋ゴム物品としたときのゴム物性を維持しつつ低温特性がさらに優れる点から、3または4が好ましい。
CF2=CFO(CF2)2OCF=CF2
CF2=CFO(CF2)3OCF=CF2 :C3DVE
CF2=CFO(CF2)4OCF=CF2 :C4DVE
CF2=CFO(CF2)6OCF=CF2
CF2=CFO(CF2)8OCF=CF2
CF2=CFO(CF2)2OCF(CF3)CF2OCF=CF2
CF2=CFO(CF2)2O(CF(CF3)CF2O)2CF=CF2
CF2=CFOCF2O(CF2CF2O)2CF=CF2
CF2=CFO(CF2O)3O(CF(CF3)CF2O)2CF=CF2
CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2OCF(CF3)CF2OCF=CF2
CF2=CFOCF2CF2O(CF2O)2CF2CF2OCF=CF2
化合物(3)としては、含フッ素弾性共重合体を架橋ゴム物品としたときのゴム物性を維持しつつ低温特性がさらに優れる点から、C3DVE、C4DVEが特に好ましい。
単位cの割合が前記範囲の下限値以上であれば、架橋反応性が優れ、架橋後の架橋ゴムは引張り強度および高温下での圧縮永久歪がより優れる。前記範囲の上限値以下であれば、架橋後の架橋ゴムとしての優れた物性を維持しつつ、高温下で折り曲げ等の応力が加えられた場合の割れをより低減できる。
含フッ素弾性共重合体中のヨウ素原子は、後述の化合物(4)に由来するヨウ素原子を含むことが好ましい。化合物(4)に由来するヨウ素原子は高分子鎖の末端に導入される。さらに、単位bである、フッ素原子およびヨウ素原子を有する単量体に基づく単位中のヨウ素原子を含んでもよい。
ヨウ素原子の含有量は、含フッ素弾性共重合体のうち、0.01~1.5質量%が好ましく、0.01~1.0質量%がより好ましい。ヨウ素原子の含有量が前記範囲内であれば、含フッ素弾性共重合体の架橋性がさらに優れ、また、架橋ゴム物品のゴム物性がさらに優れる。
以上説明した本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体にあっては、単位cに由来する分岐鎖を有し、金属元素の含有量が20質量ppm以下であるため、金属元素の含有量が少なく、架橋性に優れる。そのため、本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体を架橋して得られる架橋ゴム物品は、半導体製造装置用シール材として好適である。
本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体の製造方法は、ラジカル重合開始剤および化合物(4)の存在下で、単量体成分を乳化重合させて含フッ素弾性共重合体を含むラテックスを得て、該ラテックス中の含フッ素弾性共重合体を、金属元素を含有しない酸を用いて凝集させる方法である。前記単量体成分は、TFEと、前記重合性不飽和結合を1個有する単量体(TFEを除く。)と、前記重合性不飽和結合を2個以上有する含フッ素単量体である。
Rf4I2 (4)
ただし、Rf4は、炭素数1~16のポリフルオロアルキレン基である。
化合物(4)としては、1,4-ジヨードペルフルオロブタン、1,6-ジヨードペルフルオロヘキサン、1,8-ジヨードペルフルオロオクタン等が挙げられ、重合反応性に優れる点から、1,4-ジヨードペルフルオロブタンが好ましい。
化合物(4)は、単量体成分100質量部に対して、0.005~10質量部が好ましく、0.02~5質量部が好ましく、0.05~2質量部がより好ましい。
乳化重合法においては、例えば、ラジカル重合開始剤、乳化剤および化合物(4)を含む水性媒体中で、単量体成分を重合させる。
ラジカル重合開始剤の量は、単量体成分の100質量部に対して、0.0001~5質量部が好ましく、0.001~2質量部がより好ましい。
水溶性有機溶媒としては、tert-ブタノール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、トリプロピレングリコール等が挙げられ、単量体の重合速度が低下しない点から、tert-ブタノール、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルが好ましい。
水性媒体が水溶性有機溶媒を含むと、単量体の分散性および含フッ素弾性共重合体の分散性に優れ、また、含フッ素弾性共重合体の生産性に優れる。
水溶性有機溶媒の含有量は、水の100質量部に対して、1~40質量部が好ましく、3~30質量部がより好ましい。
アニオン性乳化剤としては、炭化水素系乳化剤(ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム等)、含フッ素系乳化剤(ペルフルオロオクタン酸アンモニウム、ペルフルオロオクタン酸ナトリウム、ペルフルオロヘキサン酸アンモニウム、化合物(5)等)等が挙げられる。
F(CF2)pO(CF(X)CF2O)qCF(Y)COOA (5)
ただし、XおよびYは、それぞれフッ素原子または炭素数1~3の直鎖状または分岐状のペルフルオロアルキル基であり、Aは、水素原子、アルカリ金属またはNH4であり、pは、2~10の整数であり、qは、0~3の整数である。
C2F5OCF2CF2OCF2COONH4
F(CF2)3O(CF(CF3)CF2O)2CF(CF3)COONH4
F(CF2)3OCF2CF2OCF2COONH4
F(CF2)3O(CF2CF2O)2CF2COONH4
F(CF2)4OCF2CF2OCF2COONH4、
F(CF2)4O(CF2CF2O)2CF2COONH4
F(CF2)3OCF2CF2OCF2COONa、
F(CF2)3O(CF2CF2O)2CF2COONa
F(CF2)4OCF2CF2OCF2COONa
F(CF2)4O(CF2CF2O)2CF2COONa
F(CF2)2OCF2CF2OCF2COONH4
F(CF2)2O(CF2CF2O)2CF2COONH4
F(CF2)2OCF2CF2OCF2COONa
F(CF2)2O(CF2CF2O)2CF2COONa
乳化剤の量は、水性媒体の100質量部に対して、0.01~15質量部が好ましく、0.1~10質量部がより好ましい。
重合圧力は、0.1~20MPa[gauge]が好ましく、0.3~10MPa[gauge]がより好ましく、0.3~5MPa[gauge]がさらに好ましい。
重合温度は、0~100℃が好ましく、10~90℃がより好ましく、20~80℃がさらに好ましい。
重合時間は、1~72時間が好ましく、1~24時間がより好ましく、1~12時間がさらに好ましい。
凝集処理に用いる酸としては、金属元素の含有量が少ない含フッ素弾性共重合体を得る点から、金属元素を有しない酸を用いる。
金属元素を有しない酸としては、硝酸、硫酸、シュウ酸、塩酸、フッ酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、臭化水素酸、ヨウ化水素酸、ホウ酸、ギ酸、酢酸、クエン酸、グルコン酸、乳酸等が挙げられる。金属元素を有しない酸としては、金属に対する腐食性がより低い点から、硝酸および硫酸が好ましく、最終的に得られる含フッ素弾性共重合体に残留する、酸に由来する陰イオンの量が少なく、架橋ゴム物品のゴム物性を低下させにくい点から、硝酸が特に好ましい。
酸水溶液中の酸の濃度は、0.1~50質量%が好ましく、1~30質量%がより好ましく、1~10質量%がさらに好ましい。酸の濃度が前記範囲の下限値以上であれば、含フッ素弾性共重合体が凝集しやすい。酸の濃度が前記範囲の上限値以下であれば、含フッ素弾性共重合体の製造に用いる金属製機器(凝集槽、洗浄槽、乾燥機等)の腐食が抑えられ、また、最終的に得られる含フッ素弾性共重合体に残留する、酸に由来する陰イオンの量が少なく、架橋ゴム物品のゴム物性を低下させにくい。
洗浄に用いる液状媒体としては、金属元素の含有量が少ない含フッ素弾性共重合体を得る点から、金属元素の含有量が2.0質量ppm以下であるものを用いる。金属元素の含有量は、1.0質量ppm以下がより好ましく、0.5質量ppm以下がさらに好ましい。金属元素の含有量の下限値は0質量ppbである。
洗浄に用いる液状媒体としては、水、金属元素を有しない酸水溶液が挙げられる。金属元素を有しない酸水溶液としては、硝酸水溶液等が挙げられる。酸水溶液中の酸の濃度は、0.1~50質量%が好ましく、1~30質量%がより好ましく、1~10質量%がさらに好ましい。
金属元素の含有量が0.3~20.0質量ppmである含フッ素弾性共重合体が得られやすい点からは、水が好ましく、超純水がより好ましい。
洗浄に用いる液状媒体の合計量は、含フッ素弾性共重合体の100質量部に対して10質量部以上が好ましく、50~1000質量部がより好ましく、100~500質量部がさらに好ましい。液状媒体の合計量が前記範囲の下限値以上であれば、含フッ素弾性共重合体に残留する、酸に由来する陰イオンの量が少なくなり、後段の乾燥機等の腐食が抑えられ、また、架橋ゴム物品のゴム物性を低下させにくい。液状媒体の合計量が前記範囲の上限値以下であれば、洗浄によって発生する排水の量が抑えられる。
乾燥温度は、80℃以下が好ましく、70℃以下がより好ましく、60℃以下がさらに好ましい。乾燥温度は、乾燥機内の雰囲気の温度である。
乾燥時の圧力は、50kPa以下が好ましく、30kPa以下がより好ましく、10kPa以下がさらに好ましい。乾燥時の圧力を前記範囲の上限値以下とすることによって、乾燥温度を低くしても含フッ素弾性共重合体を充分に乾燥できる。
以上説明した本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体の製造方法にあっては、重合性不飽和結合を2個以上有する含フッ素単量体を含む単量体成分を乳化重合させ、得られたラテックス中の含フッ素弾性共重合体を、金属元素を有しない酸を用いて凝集させるため、金属元素の含有量が少なく、架橋性に優れる含フッ素弾性共重合体が得られる。
含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物は、本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体と、架橋剤とを含む。含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲内において、必要に応じて架橋助剤、他の添加剤等を含んでいてもよい。
架橋助剤としては、トリアリルシアヌレート、トリアリルイソシアヌレート、トリメタリルイソシアヌレート、1,3,5-トリアクリロイルヘキサヒドロ-1,3,5-トリアジン、トリアリルトリメリテート、m-フェニレンジアミンビスマレイミド、p-キノンジオキシム、p,p’-ジベンゾイルキノンジオキシム、ジプロパルギルテレフタレート、ジアリルフタレート、N,N’,N’’,N’’’-テトラアリルテレフタールアミド、ビニル基含有シロキサンオリゴマー(ポリメチルビニルシロキサン、ポリメチルフェニルビニルシロキサン等)等が挙げられる。架橋助剤としては、トリアリルシアヌレート、トリアリルイソシアヌレート、トリメタリルイソシアヌレートが好ましく、トリアリルイソシアヌレートが特に好ましい。
金属酸化物としては、酸化マグネシウム、酸化カルシウム、酸化亜鉛、酸化鉛等の2価金属の酸化物が挙げられる。
金属酸化物の配合量は、含フッ素弾性共重合体の100質量部に対して0.1~10質量部が好ましく、0.5~5質量部がより好ましい。金属酸化物の配合量が前記範囲内であれば、架橋ゴム物品の強度と伸びのバランスに優れる。
架橋ゴム物品は、本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体または含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物を架橋したものである。
架橋ゴム物品としては、架橋ゴムシート、Oリング、シートガスケット、オイルシール、ダイヤフラム、V-リング、半導体製造装置用部品、耐薬品性シール材、塗料、電線被覆材等が挙げられる。
架橋ゴム物品からなる半導体製造装置用部品としては、シール材(Oリング、角リング、ガスケット、パッキン、オイルシール、ベアリングシール、リップシール等)、チューブ、ホース、各種ゴムロール、ダイアフラム、ライニング等が挙げられる。
半導体製造装置としては、エッチング装置(ドライエッチング装置、プラズマエッチング装置、反応性イオンエッチング装置、反応性イオンビームエッチング装置、スパッタエッチング装置、イオンビームエッチング装置、ウェットエッチング装置、アッシング装置等)、洗浄装置(乾式エッチング洗浄装置、UV/O3洗浄装置、イオンビーム洗浄装置、レーザービーム洗浄装置、プラズマ洗浄装置、ガスエッチング洗浄装置、抽出洗浄装置、ソックスレー抽出洗浄装置、高温高圧抽出洗浄装置、マイクロウェーブ抽出洗浄装置、超臨界抽出洗浄装置等)、露光装置(ステッパー、コータ・デベロッパー等)、研磨装置(CMP装置等)、成膜装置(CVD装置、スパッタリング装置等)、拡散・イオン注入装置(酸化拡散装置、イオン注入装置等)等が挙げられる。
成形方法としては、射出成形法、押出成形法、共押出成形法、ブロー成形法、圧縮成形法、インフレーション成形法、トランスファー成形法、カレンダー成形法等が挙げられる。
加熱架橋による架橋ゴム物品の具体的な製造方法としては、例えば、熱プレス成形法が挙げられる。熱プレス成形法では、加熱した金型を用い、目的の形状を有する金型のキャビティに含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物を充填して、加熱することによって成形と同時に架橋(熱プレス架橋)することで架橋ゴム物品が得られる。加熱温度は、130~220℃が好ましく、140~200℃がより好ましく、150~180℃がさらに好ましい。
例1、2は実施例であり、例3~5は比較例である。
含フッ素弾性共重合体における各単位の割合は、19F-NMR分析、フッ素含有量分析、赤外吸収スペクトル分析から求めた。
以下の例において、超純水としては、金属元素の含有量が0.1質量ppmのものを使用した。
(例1)
アンカー翼を備えた内容積2100mLのステンレス製耐圧反応器を脱気した後、超純水の804g、C2F5OCF2CF2OCF2COONH4の30質量%溶液の80.1g、C3DVEの0.72g、リン酸水素二ナトリウム・12水和物の5質量%水溶液の1.8g、1,4-ジヨードペルフルオロブタンの0.87gを仕込み、気相を窒素置換した。アンカー翼を用いて600rpmの速度で撹拌しながら、内温が80℃になってからTFEの13g、PMVEの65gを容器内に圧入した。反応器内圧は0.90MPa[gauge]であった。過硫酸アンモニウムの1質量%水溶液の20mLを添加し、重合を開始した。重合開始前に圧入する単量体(以下、初期単量体と記す。)の添加比をモル比で表すと、TFE:PMVE:C3DVE=25:75:0.19であった。
TFEの総添加質量が80gとなった時点で、重合開始後に圧入する単量体(以下、「後添加単量体」と記す。)の添加を停止し、反応器内温を10℃に冷却させ、重合反応を停止させ、含フッ素弾性共重合体を含むラテックスを得た。重合時間は185分間であった。また、後添加単量体の総添加質量は、TFEが80g、PMVEが63gであり、これをモル比に換算すると、TFE:PMVE=65:35であった。
含フッ素弾性共重合体における金属元素の含有量は1.0ppmであった。
アンカー翼を備えた内容積3200mLのステンレス製耐圧反応器を脱気した後、超純水の1500g、リン酸水素二ナトリウム・12水和物の59g、水酸化ナトリウムの0.7g、tert-ブタノールの197g、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウムの9g、1,4-ジヨードペルフルオロブタンの9g、C3DVEの9.8gおよび過硫酸アンモニウムの6gを加えた。さらに、100gの超純水に0.4gのエチレンジアミン四酢酸二ナトリウム塩二水和物(以下、EDTAと記す。)および0.3gの硫酸第一鉄7水和物を溶解させた水溶液を、反応器に加えた。反応器内の水性媒体のpHは9.5であった。
ついで、25℃で、TFEとプロピレン(以下、Pとも記す。)の混合ガス(TFE/P=88/12(モル比))を、反応器の内圧が2.50MPa[gauge]になるように圧入した。アンカー翼を300rpmで回転させ、水酸化ナトリウムでpHを10.0に調整したヒドロキシメタンスルフィン酸ナトリウム2水和物(以下、ロンガリットと記す。)の2.5質量%水溶液(以下、ロンガリット2.5質量%水溶液と記す。)を反応器に加え、重合反応を開始させた。以降、ロンガリット2.5質量%水溶液を連続的に反応器に加えた。
含フッ素弾性共重合体における金属元素の含有量は15.0ppmであった。
例1において、凝集した含フッ素弾性共重合体をろ過によって回収し、以下の方法で酸水溶液による洗浄と超純水による洗浄を行った。
回収した含フッ素弾性共重合体を、予め調製した酸水溶液(硝酸の0.5質量%水溶液)に投入し、200rpmで30分間撹拌して洗浄した。含フッ素弾性共重合体100質量部に対して酸水溶液の量は150質量部であった。この洗浄を3回繰り返した。
この後、PFA製容器内の超純水に投入し、200rpmで30分間撹拌して洗浄した。含フッ素弾性共重合体100質量部に対して超純水の量は100質量部であった。この洗浄を7回繰り返した。
洗浄した含フッ素弾性共重合体をろ過によって回収し、50℃、10kPaで減圧乾燥させ、白色の含フッ素弾性共重合体を得た。含フッ素弾性共重合体の組成は、例1と同じであった。含フッ素弾性共重合体における金属元素の含有量は0.2ppmであった。
例1において、ラテックスを凝集させる際に、硝酸水溶液に代えて硫酸アルミニウムカリウムの5質量%水溶液を用いた。ラテックス中の含フッ素弾性共重合体100質量部に対して硫酸アルミニウムカリウム水溶液の量は150質量部であった。
凝集した含フッ素弾性共重合体をろ過によって回収し、例1と同様にして洗浄した。
洗浄した含フッ素弾性共重合体をろ過によって回収し、例1と同様にして乾燥させ、白色の含フッ素弾性共重合体を得た。含フッ素弾性共重合体の組成は、例1と同じであった。含フッ素弾性共重合体における金属元素の含有量は120.0ppmであった。
本例では単位cを含まない含フッ素弾性共重合体を製造した。
アンカー翼を備えた内容積2100mLのステンレス製耐圧反応器を脱気した後、超純水の804g、C2F5OCF2CF2OCF2COONH4の30質量%溶液の80.1g、リン酸水素二ナトリウム・12水和物の5質量%水溶液の1.8g、1,4-ジヨードペルフルオロブタンの0.87gを仕込み、気相を窒素置換した。アンカー翼を用いて600rpmの速度で撹拌しながら、内温が80℃になってからTFEの13g、PMVEの65gを容器内に圧入した。反応器内圧は0.90MPa[gauge]であった。過硫酸アンモニウムの1質量%水溶液の20mLを添加し、重合を開始した。重合開始前に圧入する単量体(以下、初期単量体と記す。)の添加比をモル比で表すと、TFE:PMVE=25:75であった。
TFEの総添加質量が80gとなった時点で、重合開始後に圧入する単量体(以下、「後添加単量体」と記す。)の添加を停止し、反応器内温を10℃に冷却させ、重合反応を停止させ、含フッ素弾性共重合体を含むラテックスを得た。重合時間は180分間であった。また、後添加単量体の総添加質量は、TFEが80g、PMVEが63gであり、これをモル比に換算すると、TFE:PMVE=65:35であった。
例1の含フッ素弾性共重合体の100質量部、カーボンブラックの15質量部、トリアリルイソシアヌレートの3質量部、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(tert-ブチルペルオキシ)ヘキサン(日油社製、パーヘキサ(登録商標)25B)の1質量部、ステアリン酸カルシウムの1質量部の割合で、2本ロールで混練し、例1の含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物を得た。例2~5の含フッ素弾性共重合体についても、同様にして例2~5の含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物を得た。
例1の含フッ素弾性共重合体の100質量部、トリアリルイソシアヌレートの0.5質量部、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(tert-ブチルペルオキシ)ヘキサン(日油社製、パーヘキサ(登録商標)25B)の0.5質量部の割合で、2本ロールで混練し、例1の含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物を得た。例1の含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物について、150℃で20分間の熱プレス(一次架橋)を行った後、250℃のオーブン内で4時間の二次架橋を行い、例1の含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物の架橋ゴムО―リング(P-26)を得た。
また、特に、金属元素の含有量が少なく、架橋性に優れることから、半導体製造装置用シール材に好適に用いることができる。
なお、2017年06月27日に出願された日本特許出願2017-124890号の明細書、特許請求の範囲および要約書の全内容をここに引用し、本発明の明細書の開示として、取り入れるものである。
Claims (9)
- ヨウ素原子を有すると共に、テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく単位である単位a、重合性不飽和結合を1個有する単量体(ただしテトラフルオロエチレンを除く。)に基づく単位である単位bおよび重合性不飽和結合を2個以上有する含フッ素単量体に基づく単位である単位cを有し、金属含有量が0.3質量ppm以上20.0ppm以下である、含フッ素弾性共重合体。
- 前記単位bが、下記式(1)で表される化合物に基づく単位、下記式(2)で表される化合物に基づく単位、エチレンに基づく単位およびプロピレンに基づく単位から選ばれる少なくとも一種である、請求項1に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体。
CF2=CFORf1 (1)
(ただし、Rf1は、炭素数1~10のペルフルオロアルキル基である。)
CF2=CF(OCF2CF2)n-(OCF2)m-ORf2 (2)
(ただし、Rf2は、炭素数1~4のペルフルオロアルキル基であり、nは、0~3の整数であり、mは、0~4の整数であり、n+mは、1~7の整数である。) - 前記単位bが、Rf1の炭素数が1~3である前記式(1)で表される化合物に基づく単位、下記式で表されるいずれかの化合物である前記式(2)で表される化合物に基づく単位およびプロピレンに基づく単位から選ばれる少なくとも一種である、請求項2に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体。
CF2=CF-OCF2CF2-OCF2-OCF2-OCF2-OCF2-OCF3
CF2=CF-OCF2CF2-OCF2-OCF2-OCF3
CF2=CF-OCF2CF2-OCF2CF2-OCF2CF3 - 前記単位cが、下記式(3)で表される化合物に基づく単位である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体。
CF2=CFORf3OCF=CF2 (3)
(ただし、Rf3は、炭素数1~25のペルフルオロアルキレン基、または炭素数2~25のペルフルオロアルキレン基の炭素原子-炭素原子間に1個以上のエーテル性酸素原子を有する基である。) - 前記単位cが、下記式で表されるいずれかの化合物に基づく単位である、請求項4に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体。
CF2=CFO(CF2)3OCF=CF2
CF2=CFO(CF2)4OCF=CF2 - 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体と、架橋剤とを含む、含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体または請求項6に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体組成物を架橋してなる、架橋ゴム物品。
- ラジカル重合開始剤および下式(4)で表される化合物の存在下で、テトラフルオロエチレンと、重合性不飽和結合を1個有する単量体(ただしテトラフルオロエチレンを除く。)と、重合性不飽和結合を2個以上有する含フッ素単量体とを乳化重合させて含フッ素弾性共重合体を含むラテックスを得て、前記ラテックス中の含フッ素弾性共重合体を、金属元素を含有しない酸を用いて凝集させる、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体を製造する方法。
Rf4I2 (4)
ただし、Rf4は、炭素数1~16のポリフルオロアルキレン基である。 - 前記凝集の後に、金属元素の含有量が2質量ppm以下である液状媒体を用いて洗浄する、請求項8に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体の製造方法。
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| US16/699,885 US11117993B2 (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2019-12-02 | Fluorinated elastic copolymer and method for its production, fluorinated elastic copolymer composition, and crosslinked rubber article |
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| US20210163648A1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-06-03 | AGC Inc. | Fluorine-containing copolymer and method for producing same |
| JPWO2023210819A1 (ja) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-11-02 | ||
| WO2024214625A1 (ja) | 2023-04-12 | 2024-10-17 | Agc株式会社 | 含フッ素共重合体組成物及び架橋ゴム物品 |
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| ES2951768T3 (es) * | 2017-06-30 | 2023-10-24 | Solvay Specialty Polymers It | Método para fabricar polímeros parcialmente fluorados |
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| US20210163648A1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-06-03 | AGC Inc. | Fluorine-containing copolymer and method for producing same |
| JPWO2023210819A1 (ja) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-11-02 | ||
| WO2023210819A1 (ja) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-11-02 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | フルオロポリマーの製造方法 |
| JP7787462B2 (ja) | 2022-04-28 | 2025-12-17 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | フルオロポリマーの製造方法 |
| WO2024214625A1 (ja) | 2023-04-12 | 2024-10-17 | Agc株式会社 | 含フッ素共重合体組成物及び架橋ゴム物品 |
| KR20250173500A (ko) | 2023-04-12 | 2025-12-10 | 에이지씨 가부시키가이샤 | 함불소 공중합체 조성물 및 가교 고무 물품 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3647332A1 (en) | 2020-05-06 |
| JPWO2019004059A1 (ja) | 2020-04-23 |
| TWI751348B (zh) | 2022-01-01 |
| CN110799554A (zh) | 2020-02-14 |
| KR20200021921A (ko) | 2020-03-02 |
| JP7140118B2 (ja) | 2022-09-21 |
| EP3647332A4 (en) | 2021-03-03 |
| US20200102411A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
| CN110799554B (zh) | 2022-03-08 |
| US11117993B2 (en) | 2021-09-14 |
| TW201905010A (zh) | 2019-02-01 |
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