WO2017017995A1 - 逆浸透膜用洗浄剤、洗浄液、および洗浄方法 - Google Patents
逆浸透膜用洗浄剤、洗浄液、および洗浄方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017017995A1 WO2017017995A1 PCT/JP2016/059150 JP2016059150W WO2017017995A1 WO 2017017995 A1 WO2017017995 A1 WO 2017017995A1 JP 2016059150 W JP2016059150 W JP 2016059150W WO 2017017995 A1 WO2017017995 A1 WO 2017017995A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
- B01D65/06—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration with special washing compositions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/56—Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
- C02F5/12—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances containing nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/044—Hydroxides or bases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
- C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
- C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D7/06—Hydroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D7/265—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
- B01D2321/164—Use of bases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
- B01D2321/167—Use of scale inhibitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
- B01D2321/168—Use of other chemical agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
- C11D2111/14—Hard surfaces
- C11D2111/20—Industrial or commercial equipment, e.g. reactors, tubes or engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
Definitions
- the reverse osmosis (RO) membrane used in the water treatment field such as seawater desalination, especially the aromatic polyamide RO membrane is contaminated, and the performance such as permeation flux, differential pressure, and desalination rate is reduced.
- the present invention relates to an RO membrane cleaning agent and a cleaning agent that effectively recovers the performance of the RO membrane, and an RO membrane cleaning method using the same.
- the aromatic polyamide RO membrane Since the aromatic polyamide RO membrane has low resistance to chlorine, it cannot be treated with chlorine under the operating conditions like the cellulose acetate RO membrane, and contamination by microorganisms and organic matter is cellulose acetate. There is a problem that it is more likely to occur than conventional RO membranes.
- the resistance to alkali is higher in the aromatic polyamide RO membrane than in the cellulose acetate RO membrane, and it is possible to perform cleaning under alkaline conditions of pH 10 or higher.
- Non-patent Document 1 ⁇ Alkaline agents (such as sodium hydroxide) ⁇ Surfactant (such as sodium lauryl sulfate) ⁇ Chelating agents (EDTA, etc.)
- Sodium hypochlorite is a powerful drug against microorganisms and organic matter, but aromatic polyamide RO membranes have low resistance to chlorine, so sodium hypochlorite is used to clean aromatic polyamide RO membranes. Is not used.
- a chlorine-based disinfectant it is known that free chlorine is reduced using a reducing agent and then supplied to the RO membrane (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 2 describes a technique in which a membrane module is acid cleaned and then cleaned with an oxidizing agent.
- the desalination rate of the membrane described in Patent Document 2 is 95%, which is considered to be a cellulose acetate RO membrane.
- Patent Document 2 does not describe that it is applied to an RO membrane having a reduced permeation flux nor is it an alkaline condition.
- Patent Document 3 describes one in which gluconic acid is one of the detergent components as a semipermeable membrane detergent. Patent Document 3 describes that gluconic acid is used as an organic acid on the acidic side and is used as a pH buffer. In Patent Document 3, EDTA is separately added as a chelating agent, and gluconic acid is used with an intention different from the intended purpose of the present invention.
- gluconic acid is mentioned as an example of a chelating agent as a cleaning agent component of a selective permeable membrane.
- gluconic acid is treated in the same manner as oxalic acid, citric acid, EDTA, or the like, and there is no example using gluconic acid, and there is no description of the concentration used.
- Patent Document 5 describes that after adding organic phosphonate and gluconic acid to the water to be treated and passing the water through the RO membrane, the water to be treated having a pH of 9 or more. A method for preventing scale formation by passing water is disclosed. Patent Document 5 also mentions that the attached scale can be removed, and that slime control is possible by adjusting the pH to 10 or more. However, since it is added during operation, it is about 1 to 10 mg / L. Low concentration addition. Patent Document 5 does not suggest the application of gluconic acid as a cleaning agent for recovering the performance of the RO membrane whose performance such as permeation flux has decreased due to use.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a method of preventing scale failure of the RO membrane by adding a chelating agent to water to be treated having a pH of 7 or higher, and includes gluconic acid as an example of the chelating agent. Since this method is also added during operation, as in Patent Document 5, it is a low concentration addition of about 10 mg / L, and is used to restore the performance of the RO membrane whose performance such as permeation flux has been reduced by use. It does not suggest the application of gluconic acid as a cleaning agent.
- EDTA and gluconic acid are described in the same row, but there is no example using gluconic acid. As shown in a comparative example described later, EDTA does not have a cleaning effect like gluconic acid.
- JP-A-9-57067 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 01-307407 Japanese Patent No. 2859834 Japanese Patent No. 4691970 JP 2013-119071 A JP 2013-220384 A
- RO membrane cleaning agent and cleaning liquid that can effectively remove contaminants that cannot be sufficiently removed by conventional cleaning agents, and an RO membrane cleaning method using the same.
- the present inventor has investigated the pollution form of seawater desalination RO membrane, and in the seawater desalination water treatment field, in addition to organic matter pollution such as biofouling, complex pollution form in which heavy metals such as Ca, Mg and Fe are added. It was confirmed that
- FIG. 3a, FIG. 3b is an actual seawater desalination RO facility and brine water desalination RO facility, each of which removes and disassembles the contaminated membrane, extracts a sample of the contaminant with a sodium hydroxide solution of pH 12, TOC, Ca, Mg, Al, It is the result of having analyzed the adhesion amount per RO membrane area about the item of Fe.
- FIG. 3a, FIG. From 3b it can be confirmed that in the seawater freshwater system site A, not only the organic matter contamination but also the inorganic material contamination is remarkable as compared with the brine freshwater system site B.
- the main reason for inorganic contamination is greater than in brine water desalination RO equipment.
- the main factor is the presence of a large amount of inorganic components in the raw seawater. It may be due to the origin.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- a detergent for reverse osmosis membranes containing aldonic acid and / or a salt thereof containing aldonic acid and / or a salt thereof.
- the present invention when a RO membrane used for water treatment, particularly an aromatic polyamide RO membrane is contaminated and the performance such as permeation flux, differential pressure, and desalination rate is reduced, Contaminants that cannot be removed sufficiently can be effectively removed. According to the present invention, it is possible to effectively wash and restore the performance of an RO membrane that has been used for seawater desalination, which has caused combined contamination of organic matter and inorganic matter.
- FIG. 3a shows the amount of TOC film surface adhesion.
- FIG. 3b shows the film surface adhesion amount of Ca, Mg, Al, and Fe, respectively.
- the RO membrane to be cleaned may be a polyamide RO membrane such as an aromatic polyamide RO membrane or a cellulose acetate RO membrane.
- the present invention is particularly effective for cleaning an aromatic polyamide RO membrane.
- the present invention is effective for RO membranes that are used for seawater desalination and cause combined contamination of organic and inorganic contamination, and a conventional cleaning agent cannot provide a sufficient cleaning effect.
- the cleaning agent for RO membrane of the present invention contains aldonic acid (salt).
- the cleaning agent for RO membrane of the present invention is usually prepared by dissolving aldonic acid (salt), an alkaline agent used if necessary, other chemicals and the like in water.
- cleaning agent refers to a product prepared by setting the concentration of aldonic acid (salt) and other chemicals higher than when used for the distribution and storage of products.
- cleaning solution refers to a solution obtained by diluting this cleaning agent with water and adjusting the concentration to actually clean the film surface.
- Aldonic acid is a general term for hydroxymonocarboxylic acids generated by oxidation of only the aldehyde group of aldose, and examples thereof include gluconic acid, glucoheptonic acid, mannonic acid, mannoheptonic acid, galactonic acid and galactoheptonic acid.
- aldonic acid salts include alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts of the above aldonic acids, amine salts and ammonium salts.
- the aldonic acid (salt) used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but gluconic acid or a salt thereof, glucoheptonic acid or a salt thereof is desirable from the viewpoint of availability and safety.
- Aldonic acid (salt) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the cleaning agent for RO membrane of the present invention may contain an alkaline agent, a cleaning agent, and a solvent other than water necessary for cleaning the RO membrane.
- alkali agent used in the cleaning agent for RO membrane of the present invention examples include hydroxides of alkali metals such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
- detergent components that can be used in combination with aldonic acid (salt) include anionic surfactants and polyol compounds having a molecular weight of 1000 or less.
- anionic surfactants can enhance the peeling action of contaminants adhering to the film surface and further enhance the cleaning effect.
- polyol compound having a molecular weight of 1000 or less in combination, the wettability of the detergent component can be increased, and the cleaning effect can be further enhanced.
- anionic surfactant examples include alkyl benzene sulfonates such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfates such as sodium dodecyl sulfate.
- Polyol compounds are compounds having a plurality of OH groups, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol and other alkylene glycols; glycerin; diethylene glycol and other polyalkylene glycols and other polyglycols; and erythritol, mannitol and other sugar alcohols, etc. Is mentioned.
- alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and trimethylene glycol are preferable from the viewpoint of availability and economical viewpoint.
- a polyol compound having a molecular weight of 1000 or less, preferably 400 or less is used.
- the cleaning agent of the present invention further comprises a solvent of an alcohol such as ethanol, an amine such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine, a ketone such as acetone, an ether such as dimethyl ether, diethyl ether or diethylene glycol monomethyl ether. May be included.
- an alcohol such as ethanol
- an amine such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine
- a ketone such as acetone
- an ether such as dimethyl ether, diethyl ether or diethylene glycol monomethyl ether. May be included.
- the cleaning agent for RO membrane of the present invention may be a one-agent type in which aldonic acid (salt), an alkaline agent, other cleaning agents, etc. are mixed in advance, and some of these are supplied as separate agents. 2 dosage forms or more dosage forms.
- the RO membrane cleaning liquid of the present invention prepared by diluting the RO membrane cleaning agent of the present invention with water may also be a one-drug type, a two-drug type, or a higher dosage form.
- the RO membrane may be washed with a cleaning solution containing aldonic acid (salt) and then washed with a cleaning solution containing another cleaning agent.
- the RO membrane cleaning agent of the present invention has a concentration of each drug suitable for the RO membrane cleaning solution of the present invention described later when diluted to about 5 to 100 times by weight with water, preferably pure water. Each drug concentration is adjusted to be about 5 to 100 times the drug concentration in the RO membrane cleaning solution.
- the cleaning agent for RO membrane of the present invention is prepared as an aqueous solution, or all or part of it as a powder or solid.
- the cleaning solution for RO membrane of the present invention is an aqueous solution obtained by diluting the cleaning agent for RO membrane of the present invention with water.
- the RO membrane cleaning solution of the present invention is adjusted to a predetermined concentration by diluting the RO membrane cleaning agent of the present invention with water and, if necessary, adding an alkali agent, a cleaning agent, other solvents, etc. It may be what you did.
- the RO membrane cleaning liquid of the present invention may be prepared directly at a predetermined drug concentration without going through the RO membrane cleaning agent of the present invention.
- the concentration of aldonic acid (salt) in the RO membrane cleaning liquid of the present invention varies depending on the type of aldonic acid (salt) used, the pH of the cleaning liquid, whether or not other cleaning agents are used in combination, and the type and concentration thereof. 0.1% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 0.3% by weight or more.
- the aldonic acid (salt) concentration is lower than the above lower limit, the RO membrane cleaning effect by using aldonic acid (salt) cannot be sufficiently obtained. Even if the aldonic acid (salt) concentration is excessively high, the effect relative to the concentration is not improved and the TOC concentration when the cleaning solution is discarded is increased. Therefore, the aldonic acid (salt) concentration in the RO membrane cleaning solution of the present invention is 2 It is preferable to set the weight% or less.
- the RO membrane cleaning liquid of the present invention preferably has a pH of 8 or more, particularly 10 to 14 in terms of its cleaning effect.
- the membrane permeability may not be sufficiently recovered by cleaning.
- the pH of the cleaning liquid is preferably 14 or less, more preferably 11 or more and 13 or less.
- the RO membrane cleaning liquid of the present invention is prepared to have the above-mentioned suitable pH by adding an alkaline agent.
- the pH is preferably less than 8, and the cleaning liquid can be used in combination with a surfactant.
- the anionic surfactant concentration in the RO membrane cleaning liquid of the present invention is preferably 100 to 10,000 mg / L, and particularly 300 to 5000 mg / L. L is preferred. If the anionic surfactant concentration is too low, the dispersion effect by the surfactant and the effect of improving the cleaning action cannot be sufficiently obtained. If the anionic surfactant concentration is too high, the association of the anionic surfactant is rather strong, which may reduce the cleaning effect.
- the concentration of the polyol compound having a molecular weight of 1000 or less in the RO membrane cleaning liquid of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight. It is preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight. If the concentration of the polyol compound having a molecular weight of 1000 or less is too low, it is not possible to sufficiently obtain the effect of replacing and peeling the cleaning agent component by the polyol compound. If the concentration of the polyol compound having a molecular weight of 1000 or less is too high, the TOC concentration when the cleaning liquid is discarded is increased, which is not preferable.
- the cleaning agent for RO membrane of the present invention is prepared by mixing aldonic acid (salt) with water, an alkali agent blended as necessary, and other cleaning agent components.
- the cleaning agent for RO membrane of the present invention may be prepared as a powder or solid in whole or in part.
- the RO membrane cleaning solution of the present invention is prepared by diluting the thus prepared RO membrane cleaning agent of the present invention with water, preferably pure water, and if necessary, an alkaline agent, a cleaning agent, other solvents, etc. It is manufactured by adding.
- the RO membrane cleaning solution of the present invention can also be produced directly by the same method as described above without passing through the RO membrane cleaning agent of the present invention.
- the method for cleaning the RO membrane using the RO membrane cleaning liquid of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the RO membrane is brought into contact with the cleaning liquid.
- immersion cleaning is performed in which a cleaning liquid is introduced to the raw water side of the RO membrane module and allowed to stand. Circulating cleaning in which the cleaning liquid is circulated may be performed before and / or after this immersion cleaning.
- the cleaning agent for RO membrane and the cleaning solution for RO membrane of the present invention are in a two-agent type or more, they may be mixed and used for cleaning, or sequentially cleaned using different agents. You may make it perform. For example, after washing with a washing solution containing aldonic acid (salt), washing may be carried out with a washing solution containing other chemicals.
- cleaning with an alkaline aqueous solution not containing aldonic acid (salt) can be performed after cleaning with the RO membrane cleaning solution of the present invention.
- alkaline agent of the alkaline aqueous solution those described above as the alkaline agent used in the RO membrane cleaning liquid of the present invention can be used.
- the pH of the aqueous alkaline solution is preferably pH 10 or more, particularly pH 11 to 13 from the viewpoints of cleaning effect and handleability.
- acid cleaning effective for removing scales and metal colloids may be performed.
- an aqueous solution containing one or more acids such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, citric acid and oxalic acid can be used.
- the pH of the aqueous acid solution is preferably pH 4 or less, particularly pH 1 to 3 from the viewpoint of cleaning effect and handleability.
- the immersion cleaning time with the RO membrane cleaning liquid of the present invention and other cleaning liquids is not particularly limited as long as the recovery rate of the target membrane performance can be obtained.
- the immersion cleaning time is usually about 2 to 24 hours. Even when the circulation cleaning is performed before and after the immersion cleaning, the circulation cleaning time is not particularly limited as long as the desired recovery rate of the membrane performance can be obtained.
- the circulation cleaning time is usually about 0.5 to 3 hours.
- the cleaning procedure is not particularly limited.
- the acid cleaning with the acid aqueous solution is performed before and / or after the cleaning with the RO membrane cleaning liquid of the present invention, the scale component can be removed to enhance the cleaning effect, which is preferable.
- the RO membrane supply water is supplied from the pipe 11 to the raw water chamber 1A below the flat membrane cell 2 in which the RO membrane of the sealed container 1 is set by the high pressure pump 4.
- the sealed container 1 is composed of a lower case 1a on the raw water chamber 1A side and an upper case 1b on the permeate water chamber 1B side, and a flat membrane is formed between the lower case 1a and the upper case 1b.
- the cell 2 is fixed via an O-ring 8.
- the flat membrane cell 2 is configured such that the permeate side of the RO membrane 2A is supported by the porous support plate 2B.
- the raw water chamber 1 ⁇ / b> A below the flat membrane cell 2 is stirred by rotating the stirring bar 5 with the stirrer 3.
- the RO membrane permeated water is taken out from the pipe 12 through the permeated water chamber 1B on the upper side of the flat membrane cell 2.
- the concentrated water is taken out from the pipe 13.
- the pressure in the sealed container 1 is adjusted by a pressure gauge 6 provided in the water supply pipe 11 and a pressure adjusting valve 7 provided in the concentrated water outlet pipe 13.
- Permeation flux [m 3 / (m 2 ⁇ day)] permeate flow rate [m 3 / day] / membrane area [m 2 ] ⁇ temperature conversion coefficient [ ⁇ ]
- Desalination rate [%] (1 ⁇ permeated water conductivity [mS / m] / concentrated water conductivity [mS / m]) ⁇ 100
- Example 1 Sodium hydroxide aqueous solution at pH 12 containing 0.1% by weight sodium gluconate
- Example 2 Sodium hydroxide aqueous solution at pH 12 containing 0.5% by weight sodium gluconate
- Example 3 0. PH 12 sodium hydroxide aqueous solution containing 3 wt% sodium gluconate
- Example 4 pH 12 containing 0.5 wt% sodium gluconate, 1500 mg / L sodium dodecyl sulfate and 2 wt% propylene glycol Sodium hydroxide aqueous solution
- Comparative Example 1 Sodium hydroxide aqueous solution at pH 12
- Comparative Example 2 Sodium hydroxide aqueous solution at pH 12 containing 0.5% by weight of EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid)
- Comparative Example 3 containing 0.5% by weight of hexametaphosphoric acid pH 12 sodium hydroxide aqueous solution
- Comparative Example 4 pH 12 sodium hydroxide aqueous solution containing 0.5 wt% EDTA, 1500 mg / L sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 2 wt% propylene glycol
- Aromatic polyamide RO membrane “TM-820A” (new membrane, permeation flux 0.6 [m 3 / (m 2 ⁇ day)]) manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. is loaded into the RO device in the seawater desalination RO system. I drove for years. The membrane after operation was taken out from the RO apparatus and disassembled to obtain a flat membrane sample of the contaminated membrane. This flat membrane sample was cut into a circle and installed in the flat membrane test apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 that can be loaded with a membrane of the same size, and the test was performed according to the following procedure.
- sodium gluconate exhibits a cleaning effect equivalent to that of other chelating agents even at low concentrations.
- the cleaning effect is remarkably superior to other chelating agents.
- Example 4 From the results of Example 4, it can be seen that by combining sodium gluconate, an anionic surfactant, and a polyol compound having a molecular weight of 1000 or less, the effect of removing contaminants is increased and the permeation flux ratio is also significantly increased.
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Abstract
Description
・ アルカリ剤(水酸化ナトリウムなど)
・ 界面活性剤(ラウリル硫酸ナトリウムなど)
・ キレート剤(EDTAなど)
本発明による作用機構の詳細は明らかではないが、以下の通り考えられる。
洗浄時のアルカリ条件における剥離効果、加水分解効果に加えて、アルドン酸及び/又はその塩(以下「アルドン酸(塩)」と称す場合がある。)による重金属キレート作用、更にはアニオン系界面活性剤を併用した場合のアニオン系界面活性剤による汚染物質の親水化・剥離効果、分子量1000以下のポリオール化合物を併用した場合のポリオール化合物による汚染物質の置換・剥離効果を加えることにより、これらが相乗的に作用してアルカリ洗浄効果を向上させることができる。
本発明において、洗浄対象となるRO膜は、芳香族ポリアミド系RO膜等のポリアミド系RO膜であってもよく、酢酸セルロース系RO膜であってもよい。本発明は、特に、芳香族ポリアミド系RO膜の洗浄に有効である。とりわけ、本発明は、海水淡水化に使用され、有機物汚染と無機物汚染の複合汚染を生じ、従来の洗浄剤では十分な洗浄効果を得ることができないRO膜に有効である。
本発明のRO膜用洗浄剤は、アルドン酸(塩)を含むことを特徴とするものである。本発明のRO膜用洗浄剤は、通常、アルドン酸(塩)と、必要に応じて用いられるアルカリ剤、その他の薬剤等を水に溶解させて調製される。
アルドン酸とは、アルドースのアルデヒド基だけが酸化されて生じるヒドロキシモノカルボン酸の総称であり、例えば、グルコン酸、グルコヘプトン酸、マンノン酸、マンノヘプトン酸、ガラクトン酸及びガラクトヘプトン酸などが挙げられる。アルドン酸塩としては、上記のアルドン酸のナトリウム塩、カリウム塩等のアルカリ金属塩、アミン塩及びアンモニウム塩などが挙げられる。
本発明のRO膜用洗浄剤には、アルドン酸(塩)以外に、RO膜の洗浄に必要なアルカリ剤や洗浄薬剤、水以外の溶媒が含有されていてもよい。
本発明のRO膜用洗浄液は、本発明のRO膜用洗浄剤を水で希釈してなる水溶液である。本発明のRO膜用洗浄液は、本発明のRO膜用洗浄剤を水で希釈すると共に、更に、必要に応じて、アルカリ剤、洗浄薬剤、他の溶媒等を添加して所定の濃度に調整したものであってもよい。
本発明のRO膜用洗浄剤は、水にアルドン酸(塩)と、必要に応じて配合されるアルカリ剤、その他の洗浄剤成分を混合して調製される。本発明のRO膜用洗浄剤は、全てもしくはその一部が粉末、固形物として調製されても良い。
本発明のRO膜用洗浄液を用いてRO膜を洗浄する方法としては、この洗浄液にRO膜を接触させればよく、特に制限はない。通常、RO膜モジュールの原水側に洗浄液を導入して静置する浸漬洗浄が行われる。この浸漬洗浄の前及び/又は後に洗浄液を循環する循環洗浄を行ってもよい。
RO膜の透過流束、脱塩率は、それぞれ下記式より算出した。
透過流束[m3/(m2・day)]=透過水流量[m3/day]/膜面積[m2]×温度換算係数[-]
脱塩率[%]=(1-透過水電気伝導度[mS/m]/濃縮水電気伝導度[mS/m])×100
以下の洗浄液を用いて、以下に示す洗浄試験を行った。
実施例1:0.1重量%のグルコン酸ナトリウムを含む、pH12の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液
実施例2:0.5重量%のグルコン酸ナトリウムを含む、pH12の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液
実施例3:0.3重量%のグルコン酸ナトリウムを含む、pH12の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液
実施例4:0.5重量%のグルコン酸ナトリウムと、1500mg/Lのドデシル硫酸ナトリウムと、2重量%のプロピレングリコールを含む、pH12の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液
比較例2:0.5重量%のEDTA(エチレンジアミン四酢酸)を含む、pH12の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液
比較例3:0.5重量%のヘキサメタリン酸を含む、pH12の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液
比較例4:0.5重量%のEDTAと、1500mg/Lのドデシル硫酸ナトリウムと、2重量%のプロピレングリコールを含む、pH12の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液
東レ社製 芳香族ポリアミド系RO膜「TM-820A」(新膜、透過流束0.6[m3/(m2・day)])を海水淡水化ROシステムにおけるRO装置に装填し、3年間運転した。運転後の膜をRO装置から取り出して解体し、汚染膜の平膜試料を入手した。この平膜試料を円形に切り取り、同サイズの膜を装填できる、図1,2に示す平膜試験装置に設置して、以下の手順で試験を行った。
(2) その後、各洗浄液を供給して洗浄を行った。洗浄操作は、いずれも、2時間の循環洗浄→15時間の浸漬洗浄→2時間の循環洗浄の順で行った。循環洗浄時の運転圧力は0.2MPaとした。
(3) その後、上記(1)と同様に、洗浄後の純水の透過流束と脱塩率を求めた。
(4) 下記式で回復率を算出した。
回復率[-]=(洗浄後の透過流束)/(新膜の透過流束)
本出願は、2015年7月27日付で出願された日本特許出願2015-147780に基づいており、その全体が引用により援用される。
2 平膜セル
2A RO膜
2B 多孔質支持板
3 スターラー
4 高圧ポンプ
5 撹拌子
6 圧力計
7 圧力調整バルブ
8 Oリング
Claims (11)
- アルドン酸及び/又はその塩を含む逆浸透膜用洗浄剤。
- 請求項1において、前記アルドン酸及び/又はその塩が、グルコン酸、グルコヘプトン酸、及びそれらの塩から選ばれることを特徴とする逆浸透膜用洗浄剤。
- 請求項1又は2において、アルカリ条件下で使用されることを特徴とする逆浸透膜用洗浄剤。
- 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項において、更にアニオン系界面活性剤を含むことを特徴とする逆浸透膜用洗浄剤。
- 請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項において、更に分子量1000以下のポリオール化合物を含むことを特徴とする逆浸透膜用洗浄剤。
- 請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の逆浸透膜用洗浄剤を含む逆浸透膜用洗浄液。
- 請求項6において、pH8以上のアルカリ性であることを特徴とする逆浸透膜用洗浄液。
- 請求項6又は7において、アルドン酸及び/又はその塩の濃度が0.3重量%以上であることを特徴とする逆浸透膜用洗浄液。
- 請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の逆浸透膜用洗浄剤、あるいは請求項6ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の逆浸透膜用洗浄液を用いることを特徴とする逆浸透膜の洗浄方法。
- 請求項9において、前記逆浸透膜が芳香族ポリアミド系逆浸透膜であることを特徴とする逆浸透膜の洗浄方法。
- 請求項9又は10において、前記逆浸透膜が海水淡水化に使用されたものであることを特徴とする逆浸透膜の洗浄方法。
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| KR1020177035221A KR20180033127A (ko) | 2015-07-27 | 2016-03-23 | 역침투막용 세정제, 세정액 및 세정 방법 |
| US15/743,949 US20180200678A1 (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2016-03-23 | Agent, liquid, and method for cleaning reverse osmosis membrane |
| SG11201800036VA SG11201800036VA (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2016-03-23 | Agent, liquid, and method for cleaning reverse osmosis membrane |
| AU2016299518A AU2016299518B2 (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2016-03-23 | Reverse osmosis membrane cleaning agent, cleaning liquid, and cleaning method |
| EP16830100.0A EP3329984B1 (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2016-03-23 | Cleaning method for a reverse osmosis polyamide membrane |
| CN201680042882.5A CN107847872A (zh) | 2015-07-27 | 2016-03-23 | 反渗透膜用洗净剂、洗净液以及洗净方法 |
| IL256590A IL256590B (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2017-12-26 | Material, liquid and method for cleaning a reverse osmosis membrane |
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| JP2015147780A JP6090378B2 (ja) | 2015-07-27 | 2015-07-27 | 逆浸透膜用洗浄液、および洗浄方法 |
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| CN110314554A (zh) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-11 | 北京朗新明环保科技有限公司 | 一种清洗剂组合和电厂废水反渗透膜的清洗方法 |
| CN110732247A (zh) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-01-31 | 无锡科立雅纯水科技有限公司 | 一种ro膜复合清洗剂 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| AU2016299518A1 (en) | 2018-01-25 |
| IL256590A (en) | 2018-02-28 |
| KR20180033127A (ko) | 2018-04-02 |
| SG11201800036VA (en) | 2018-02-27 |
| CN107847872A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
| SG10201906785PA (en) | 2019-08-27 |
| IL256590B (en) | 2021-07-29 |
| US20180200678A1 (en) | 2018-07-19 |
| EP3329984A4 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
| JP2017023977A (ja) | 2017-02-02 |
| AU2016299518B2 (en) | 2020-09-10 |
| EP3329984A1 (en) | 2018-06-06 |
| JP6090378B2 (ja) | 2017-03-08 |
| EP3329984B1 (en) | 2021-08-18 |
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