WO2014101688A1 - Copper matte bottom-blowing refining process and copper matte bottom-blowing refining furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

A copper matte bottom-blowing refining process and copper matte bottom-blowing refining furnace (1), the copper matte bottom-blowing refining process comprising the steps of: adding a copper matte and a flux to the bottom-blowing refining furnace; using a bottom-blowing spray gun (20) to continuously blow oxygen-containing gas from the bottom of the refining furnace toward the melt in the furnace; and discharging crude copper and slag respectively.

Description

 Copper crucible bottom blowing and blowing process and copper crucible bottom blowing and blowing furnace

 The invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy technology, in particular to a copper-bottomed bottom blowing and blowing process and a copper-bottomed bottom blowing and blowing furnace. Background technique

The metallurgical method of copper is divided into fire method and wet method. The process of fire copper smelting is mainly to obtain copper concentrate after flotation of copper sulfide concentrate, and then smelting in electric furnace, flash furnace and other melting furnace to obtain copper bismuth. The copper matte is blown to obtain crude copper, and the crude copper fire method is refined to obtain anode copper, and then electrolytically refined to obtain electric copper. At present, the copper crucible is usually blown by a PS converter, and the liquid copper crucible is added to the PS converter, and oxygen is blown from the side of the PS converter to obtain crude copper and blowing slag. After a batch of copper crucibles is blown, the blister copper and the blowing slag are discharged, and then the next batch of copper crucibles is added for blowing. PS converter equipment low pollution, operating only intermittently, inefficiency, instability flue gas, the flue gas containing low _{concentration} so high flue gas treatment costs, low operating a converter PS, a short furnace life. Summary of the invention

 The present invention is directed to solving at least some of the above technical problems or at least providing a useful commercial option.

To this end, an object of the present invention is to provide a copper crucible bottom blowing and blowing process, which can realize continuous blowing of copper crucibles by using the copper crucible bottom blowing and blowing process, and generates less flue gas, and is compatible with the PS converter. It has higher and stable concentration than S0 _{2 in} flue gas, good operating environment, good environmental protection, high efficiency, and low production cost of blister copper and sulfuric acid.

 Another object of the present invention is to provide a copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace which can realize the above process.

 In order to achieve the above object, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a copper crucible bottom blowing and blowing process is provided, the copper crucible bottom blowing and blowing process comprising the steps of: adding a copper crucible and a flux to a copper crucible bottom to blow In the refining furnace; continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the melt in the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace from the bottom of the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace by using a bottom blowing lance; and blowing from the bottom of the copper crucible The crude copper and the blowing slag are separately discharged in the converting furnace.

 According to the copper crucible bottom blowing and blowing process of the embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown from the bottom of the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace to the melt in the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace by using a bottom blowing lance. Continuous blowing can be realized, efficiency is improved, cost is reduced, and the amount of flue gas is small, the concentration of flue gas is stable, the flue gas escapes less, the environmental protection performance is good, and the pollution is reduced.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown into the blister copper layer of the melt.

In the copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace, the blister copper layer C1 is located below the copper enamel layer C2, and the bottom blowing lance does not need to pass through the blister copper layer C1 by continuously blowing the oxygen-containing gas into the blister copper layer C1. This can increase the life of the bottom blowing gun. In other words, by continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the blister copper layer C1, the bottom-blowing lance can be prevented from protruding into the furnace body too much (for example, the length of the bottom-blowing lance extending into the furnace body can be less than 50 In millimeters, the loss of the bottom blowing gun is reduced, the service life of the copper bottom blowing furnace is prolonged, and the running cost of the copper bottom blowing furnace is reduced. In addition, the amount of oxygen-containing gas entering the slag layer is reduced, and since the copper ruthenium layer C2 is thin, the oxygen-containing gas sprayed from the bottom blowing lance easily passes through the copper ruthenium layer C2 into the slag layer, thereby causing waste of the oxygen-containing gas. The amount of oxygen-containing gas can be reduced to further reduce the cost. Moreover, by continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the blister copper layer, the oxygen potential in the blister copper layer can be maximized, and the impurity elements (S, As, Sb, Bi, Pb, etc.) which are intercalated in the blister copper layer are first introduced. Oxidation is removed to obtain high quality blister copper. The oxygen-containing gas can also use blister copper as a carrier to react with Cu ₂ S and CuS in the copper bismuth layer C2 to form Cu and S0 ₂ in the form of Cu ₂ 0 and CuO, and react with FeS in the copper bismuth layer to form FeO, 80. ₂ and Cu. The copper crucible bottom blowing process can reduce the amount of Fe ₃ 0 ₄ formed, prevent precipitation of Fe ₃ 0 ₄ and formation of foaming slag. Since the content of Fe ₃ 0 ₄ in the blowing slag is low, the viscosity of the blowing slag is low, and the amount of Cu ₂ 0 in the blowing slag can be reduced (for example, the copper content of the blowing slag can be less than 14%, even Less than 10%). That is, by continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the copper layer, the reaction time of the oxygen-containing gas is increased, the utilization rate of the oxygen-containing gas is improved, and the quality of the blister copper is improved. Further, by continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the blister copper layer, the total amount of gas blown per unit time can be reduced, so that the risk of the furnace can be reduced.

By continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the thick copper layer, the furnace temperature can be stabilized, the disadvantage of excessive fluctuation of the operating temperature of the converter cycle is overcome, and the service life of the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace is greatly improved. , reducing refractory consumption and maintenance workload, thereby reducing coppermaking costs. The bottom and copper matte smelting process may blow the flue gas in the flue gas volume and the content of stable equilibrium so _2, the furnace does not require regular rotation so that air leakage rate dropped significantly, the converter operating cycle to overcome the amount of fumes and smoke The disadvantage of large fluctuations in gas composition is conducive to acid production and reduces investment and operating costs of the acid plant.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown into the copper layer of the melt. By continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the copper beryllium layer, the tilting angle of the furnace body can be reduced, the volume utilization rate of the furnace body can be improved, and the bottom blowing spray gun can be easily maintained.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the copper matte is a solid copper matte. According to the copper-bottomed bottom blowing process of the embodiment of the present invention, the solid copper beryllium can be processed, and the addition of the copper beryllium can be more easily and accurately performed by adding a solid copper beryllium to the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace. The amount is measured, and the ratio of the amount of the copper ruthenium to the oxygen-containing gas (oxygen amount) can be controlled more easily and accurately. Thereby, the blowing process can be controlled more easily, so that the melt in the converting furnace exists in two phases of blister copper and blowing slag, and there is no or almost no copper ruthenium layer (or white ruthenium layer). Through this control, It can further improve the blowing effect and reduce the sulfur content of blister copper and other impurities (such as arsenic, antimony, antimony, lead, etc.).

 Since the ratio of the amount of the copper ruthenium to the oxygen-containing gas can be precisely controlled, the excessive copper peroxide can be prevented from being excessively oxidized and the foamed slag is formed, and the oxygen-containing gas can be prevented from being injected too little. Bronze contains more impurities (such as arsenic, antimony, antimony, lead, etc.) for subsequent processing. Moreover, by adding a solid copper crucible to the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace, intermittent feeding can be achieved, that is, a solid copper crucible can be intermittently added to the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace, thereby enabling the The copper crucible bottom blowing process has greater adaptability and a wider range of applications.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solid copper crucible is introduced into the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace through a feed chute or a feed chute or is blown into the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace by a gas stream. Thereby, the solid copper crucible can be more conveniently and easily added to the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solid copper crucible is continuously added to the beryllium bottom blowing furnace. Thereby, the copper crucible can be continuously processed, and continuous oxygen blowing is combined to further improve the processing efficiency.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the bottom blowing lance is disposed below a horizontal centerline of the furnace body of the copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the direction of the vertical upward is in the range of -120 degrees to +120 degrees.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the direction of the vertical upward is -60 degrees to +60 degrees range.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the direction of the vertical upward is in the range of -30 degrees to +30 degrees.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the vertically upward direction is in the range of -20 degrees to +20 degrees.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the angle β between the bottom blowing lance and the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the copper bottom blowing furnace is in the range of -30 degrees to +30 degrees.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the included angle β is 0 degrees.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the beryllium bottom blowing process further comprises adding residual copper and/or scrap copper to the beryllium bottom blowing furnace. By adding residual copper and/or scrap copper to the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace, there is no need to equip the equipment for melting waste copper and residual copper, thereby reducing investment, energy consumption and blowing costs, further Expanded the scope of application of the process.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the flux is at least one of a mixture of limestone, lime, quartz, quartz and lime, and a mixture of quartz and limestone.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the blowing slag is continuously discharged by means of an overflow. This makes it easy to discharge the blown slag and reduce manual operations.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the blister copper is continuously discharged by siphoning.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the blowing temperature in the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace is 1150-1300 degrees Celsius. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the blowing temperature in the copper-bottomed bottom blowing furnace is 1180-1250 degrees Celsius. The ventilated gas is 0. 2-0. 8MPa.

 6MPa。 The gas pressure of the furnace is 0. 4-0. 6MPa.

 6%。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing gas has an oxygen concentration of 20-99.6%.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the oxygen-containing gas has an oxygen concentration of 30-75%.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the bottom blowing lance is also sprayed with nitrogen into the beryllium bottom blowing furnace. By spraying nitrogen gas, not only the spray gun can be cooled, but also the melt in the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace can be stirred to further improve the blowing effect. Nitrogen is injected into the blister copper layer to improve the quality of the blister copper.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the copper bottom blowing process further includes passing a first cooling water jacket disposed between the outer circumference of the bottom blowing gun and the furnace body of the copper bottom blowing furnace Or a permeable brick to cool the bottom blow gun. Thereby, the service life of the bottom blowing gun can be further extended.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the slag layer region of the copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace is provided with a second cooling water jacket. This further extends the service life of the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the first and second cooling water jackets are copper water jackets. Compared with traditional stainless steel water jackets, copper water jackets have the advantages of good cooling effect and long service life.

According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, a copper crucible bottom blowing furnace is provided, comprising: a furnace body having a furnace chamber, the furnace body having a copper beak for adding to the furnace chamber Feeding port of material, slag discharge port for discharging blow slag, blister copper discharge port for discharging blister copper, smoke outlet for discharging flue gas, and lance jack provided at the bottom of the furnace body And a bottom blowing spray gun inserted into the gun insertion hole for continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the melt in the furnace chamber. The copper beryllium bottom blowing and blowing furnace according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency in treating copper crucible, good environmental friendliness, high quality of crude copper, and low copper content in the blowing slag.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the feed port includes a first feed port for adding copper crucible and a flux to the furnace chamber and for adding residual copper and/or waste copper to the furnace cavity. The second feed port.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the feeding port shares an opening with the outlet. Thereby, the number of openings of the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace can be reduced, the processing difficulty can be reduced, the sealing performance can be improved, the air leakage amount of the furnace body can be reduced, and the environmental protection performance can be further improved.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom blowing lance continuously blows the oxygen-containing gas into the blister copper layer of the melt.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom blowing lance continuously blows the oxygen-containing gas into the copper ruthenium layer of the melt.

 According to one embodiment of the invention, the copper matte is in a solid state.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the furnace body is a rotatable cylindrical horizontal container. By turning, it is easy to replace the bottom blow gun.

 According to one embodiment of the invention, the bottom blowing lance is disposed below the horizontal centerline of the furnace body.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the vertically upward direction is in the range of -120 degrees to +120 degrees.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the direction of the vertical direction is in the range of -60 degrees to +60 degrees.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the angle α between the bottom blowing gun and the direction of the vertical upward is -30 degrees to

+30 degrees range.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the vertically upward direction is in the range of -20 degrees to +20 degrees.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the angle β between the bottom blowing lance and the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the copper bottom blowing furnace is in the range of -30 degrees to +30 degrees.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the angle β between the bottom blowing lance and the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the copper bottom blowing furnace is 0 degree.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, a first cooling water jacket or a permeable brick is disposed between the outer circumference of the bottom blowing lance and the furnace body. Thereby, the service life of the bottom blowing gun can be further extended.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the slag layer region of the copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace is provided with a second cooling water jacket. This further extends the service life of the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the first and second cooling water jackets are copper water jackets. The copper water jacket has the advantages of good cooling effect and long service life.

 The additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows. DRAWINGS

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings And easy to understand, where:

 1 is a schematic view of a copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

 Figure 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a furnace body of a copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

 Figure 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a furnace body of a copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace according to another embodiment of the present invention;

 4 is a schematic view of a projection of a copper-bottomed bottom blowing furnace in a vertical plane in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a copper-bottomed bottom blowing process in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

 Copper crucible bottom blowing furnace 1, furnace body 10, furnace chamber 101, feeding port 102, slag discharge port 103, thick copper discharge port 104, outlet port 105, spray gun jack 106, bottom blow gun 20, bracket 30 , the support ring 40, the ring gear 50, the driving device 60, the blister copper layer C1, the copper layer C2, the blowing slag layer C3, the L1 crude copper liquid line, the L2 copper sputum liquid line, and the L3 blowing slag liquid line. detailed description

 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting.

 In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width",

"thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside",

The orientation or positional relationship of the indications such as "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying The device or component must have a particular orientation, configuration and operation in a particular orientation, and thus is not to be construed as limiting the invention.

 Moreover, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless specifically defined otherwise.

 In the present invention, the terms "installation", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like are to be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless otherwise explicitly stated and defined. , or connected integrally; can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art on a case-by-case basis.

 In the present invention, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may include direct contact of the first and second features, and may also include first and second features, unless otherwise specifically defined and defined. It is not in direct contact but through additional features between them. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is higher than the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature includes the first feature directly below and below the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature level is less than the second feature.

Hereinafter, a copper beryllium bottom blowing and a copper beryllium blowing process according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. A copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention may be used to perform a copper beryllium bottom blowing process according to an embodiment of the present invention, it being understood that the copper beryllium bottom blowing melting process according to an embodiment of the present invention is not It is limited to the use of a copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace described in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a furnace body 10 and a bottom blowing gun 20. The furnace body 10 has a furnace chamber 101 having a charging port 102 for adding material containing copper matte into the furnace chamber 101, a slag discharging port 103 for discharging the blowing slag, and a coarse discharging copper for discharging A copper discharge port 104, a smoke outlet 105 for discharging the flue gas, and a spray gun jack 106 provided at the bottom of the furnace body 10. The bottom blowing lance 20 is inserted into the lance jack 106 for continuously blowing oxygen-containing gas into the melt in the furnace chamber 101.

 According to the copper-bottom blowing furnace of the embodiment of the present invention, the copper crucible can be blown by blowing oxygen-containing gas at the bottom, the environmental protection performance is good, the pollution is reduced, the amount of smoke generated is small, the concentration is stable, and the quality of the crude copper is high. The blowing slag contains less copper, can treat the copper bismuth produced by various smelting furnaces, can be continuously smelted, has higher efficiency, can be used to blow liquid and solid copper enamel, and has high applicability.

 The material added to the cavity 101 may be a copper crucible and a flux. Preferably, the residual copper and/or the waste copper may also be added through the feed port 102, thereby eliminating the need to equip the equipment for melting the waste copper and the residual copper. Investment, energy consumption and blowing costs have further expanded the scope of the process.

 Optionally, the feed port 102 can be divided into a first feed port for adding copper crucible and flux into the cavity 101 and a second feed port for adding residual copper and/or waste copper to the cavity 101. . More specifically, the first feed port can be further divided into a copper feed port and a flux feed port, and the second feed port can be further divided into a residual feed port and a waste copper feed port. Preferably, the feed port 102 can be the same opening as the smoke outlet 105, thereby reducing the number of openings of the furnace body 10 and reducing manufacturing costs. Alternatively, the vent 105 may share an opening with any of the first and second feed ports, or the vent 105 may be associated with any of the copper hopper feed port, the flux feed port, the residual charge port, and the scrap copper feed port. One or more share one opening.

 As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the lance jack 106 may be plural and a plurality of lance jacks 106 may be formed at the bottom of the furnace body 10 at intervals, it being understood that the term herein is " The bottom portion should be understood in a broad sense, including any suitable location below the horizontal centerline X of the furnace body 10, preferably, the spray gun is immediately below the furnace body 10, as will be described in more detail below. The bottom blowing lance 20 may be a plurality and a plurality of bottom blowing lances 20 may be correspondingly inserted into the plurality of lance jacks 106, respectively, δ Ρ, and a bottom blowing lance 20 may be inserted into a lance hub 106. Thereby, the oxygen-containing gas can be more uniformly blown into the blister copper layer C1, thereby further improving the quality of the blister copper. Here, the oxygen-containing gas should be understood in a broad sense, and includes, for example, pure oxygen, an oxygen-rich gas, and an oxygen-containing air. Preferably, the oxygen-containing gas is oxygen-enriched air, such as oxygen-enriched air having an oxygen concentration of 70% or more. The bottom blowing lance 20 may be provided below the horizontal center line X of the furnace body 10 of the copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace 1.

The MPa is 0. 2MP _a -0. 8MPa. 5MPa-0. 6MPa。 The gas pressure of the furnace is 0. 4MPa-0. 6MPa.

 The oxygen concentration of the oxygen-containing gas may be from 20% to 99.6%. Further, the oxygen-containing gas may have an oxygen concentration of 30% to 75%.

 In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the furnace body 10 can be a rotatable cylindrical horizontal vessel. By rotating the furnace body 10, the bottom blowing lance 20 can be easily replaced and repaired, and the melt in the furnace chamber 101 can be emptied during maintenance time.

As shown in FIG. 1, the beryllium bottom blowing furnace 1 further includes a bracket 30, a bracket 40, a ring gear 50, and a driving device 60. The collar 40 is sleeved on the furnace body 10 and rotatably supported on the bracket 30. The ring gear 50 is sleeved on the outer surface of the furnace body 10. The drive unit 60 is coupled to the ring gear 50 to drive the furnace body 10 to rotate by driving the ring gear 50 to rotate. The driving device 60 can include, for example, a motor, a speed reducer connected to the motor, and gears, gears and teeth can be mounted on the output shaft of the speed reducer. The ring 50 is engaged to drive the ring gear 50 to rotate. The furnace body 10 is rotated on the bracket 30 by the ring gear 50. Since the furnace body 10 can be rotated, it is convenient to replace the bottom blowing gun 20 and other operations.

 As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the angle α between the bottom blasting gun 20 and the vertically upward direction may be in the range of -120 degrees to +120 degrees, i.e., -120 degrees α + 120 degrees. In other words, the angle between the discharge direction of the bottom blowing lance 20 and the direction in the vertical direction is in the range of -120 degrees to +120 degrees. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the angle α from the counterclockwise direction to the vertical direction of the blowing direction of the bottom blowing lance 20 is positive, from the blowing direction of the bottom blowing lance 20 to the clockwise direction to the vertical direction. The angle α in the upward direction is negative.

 More specifically, the angle α between the bottom blowing lance 20 and the vertically upward direction may be in the range of -60 degrees to +60 degrees, i.e., -60 degrees a + 60 degrees. Advantageously, the angle between the bottom blasting gun 20 and the direction of the vertical upward is in the range of -30 degrees to +30 degrees, δ Ρ -30 degrees α + 30 degrees. Preferably, the angle between the bottom blasting gun 20 and the direction of the vertical direction is in the range of -20 degrees to +20 degrees, δ Ρ -20 degrees α + 20 degrees. This can improve the blowing effect.

 In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the angle β between the bottom blasting gun 20 and the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the furnace body 10 (i.e., the vertical direction in FIG. 4) is between -30 degrees and +30 degrees. In the range. More preferably, the angle β is 0 degrees, that is, the bottom blowing gun 20 is oriented in the vertical direction.

 In order to increase the life of the bottom blowing lance 20, a permeable brick or a first cooling water jacket is provided between the outer periphery of the bottom blowing lance 20 and the furnace body 10. The permeable brick can cool the bottom blowing lance 20 and improve the fluidity of the melt in the cavity 101 to improve the blowing effect. Alternatively, nitrogen gas can be injected into the furnace chamber 101 through the permeable bricks, thereby better cooling the bottom blowing lance 20 and better agitating the melt in the furnace chamber 101. When the cooling water jacket is provided, the cooling water jacket passes through the cooling water to cool the bottom blowing gun 20.

 Preferably, the slag layer region of the furnace chamber 101 is provided with a second cooling water jacket. Thereby, the service life of the furnace body 10 can be further extended. Preferably, the first and second cooling water jackets are copper water jackets. Compared with the traditional steel water jacket, the copper water jacket has the advantages of good cooling effect and long service life.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom blowing lance 20 continuously blows an oxygen-containing gas into the copper ruthenium layer C2 of the melt. More preferably, the bottom blowing lance 20 continuously blows an oxygen-containing gas into the blister copper layer C1 of the melt. The beneficial technical effects will be described in detail below.

 A copper beryllium bottom blowing furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention can be used to treat copper crucibles obtained by melting in various melting furnaces. Advantageously, the solid beryllium crucible is treated in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

 A copper beryllium bottom blowing process according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 5 in conjunction with FIGS. As shown in FIG. 5, the copper beryllium bottom blowing process according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

 The copper crucible and the flux are added into the furnace chamber 101; the oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown from the bottom of the furnace body 10 into the melt in the furnace chamber 101 by the bottom blowing lance 20; and the blister copper is discharged from the furnace chamber 101, respectively. Blowing slag.

 According to the copper crucible bottom blowing and blowing process of the embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown from the bottom of the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace to the melt in the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace by using a bottom blowing lance. Continuous blowing can be realized, efficiency is improved, cost is reduced, and the amount of flue gas is small, the concentration of flue gas is stable, the flue gas escapes less, the environmental protection performance is good, the pollution is reduced, the quality of crude copper is high, and the copper content in the blowing slag reduce.

It should be understood that the continuous blowing of the oxygen-containing gas into the cavity 101 means: During normal production, the oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown continuously, and the bottom-blowing gun 20 can be prevented from being damaged. Of course, when the copper-bottomed bottom blowing furnace appears The bottom blow gun 20 also needs to stop blowing during a mistake or normal maintenance. Compared with the conventional side of the conventional PS converter, the amount of air supplied per unit time is reduced, the amount of smoke per unit time is small, the thermal stability is good, the cost and energy consumption are low, and the efficiency is high.

 In some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom blowing lance 20 continuously blows oxygen-containing gas from the bottom of the furnace body 10 into the copper ruthenium layer C2 in the furnace chamber 101. By continuously blowing the oxygen-containing gas into the copper ruthenium layer C2, the tilting angle of the furnace body 10 can be reduced, the volume utilization ratio of the furnace body 10 can be improved, and the bottom blowing lance 20 can be easily maintained.

 Advantageously, the bottom blowing lance 20 continuously blows oxygen containing gas from the bottom of the furnace body 10 into the blister copper layer C1 in the furnace chamber 101. As shown in Fig. 1, in the furnace chamber 101, the melt can be divided into three parts (three phases): a thick copper layer Cl, a copper layer (or a white copper layer) C2 and a blowing layer C3, Ll, L2. And L3 are the blister copper liquid line, the copper sap liquid line and the slag liquid level line. In the case of three-phase coexistence, it is beneficial to reduce the copper content of the slag and improve the safety.

 The beneficial effect of blowing the oxygen-containing gas into the blister copper layer is: in the copper sinter bottom blowing furnace, the blister copper layer C1 is located below the copper ruthenium layer C2, and the oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown into the blister copper layer C1. The bottom blowing spray gun does not need to pass through the thick copper layer C1, which can improve the life of the bottom blowing spray gun. In other words, by continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the blister copper layer C1, the bottom-blowing lance can be prevented from protruding into the furnace body too much (for example, the length of the bottom-blowing lance extending into the furnace body can be less than 50 In millimeters, the loss of the bottom blowing gun is reduced, the service life of the copper bottom blowing furnace is prolonged, and the running cost of the copper bottom blowing furnace is reduced. In addition, the amount of oxygen-containing gas entering the slag layer is reduced, and since the copper ruthenium layer C2 is thin, the oxygen-containing gas sprayed by the bottom blowing lance easily passes through the copper ruthenium layer C2 and enters the slag layer, thereby causing waste of oxygen-containing gas. The amount of oxygen-containing gas can be reduced to further reduce the cost.

Moreover, by continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the blister copper layer, the oxygen potential in the blister copper layer can be maximized, and the impurity elements (S, As, Sb, Bi, Pb, etc.) which are intercalated in the blister copper layer are first introduced. Oxidation is removed to obtain high quality blister copper. The oxygen-containing gas can also be used as a carrier to react with Cu ₂ S and CuS in the copper bismuth layer C2 in the form of Cu ₂ 0 and CuO.

Cu and S0 ₂ , and react with FeS in the copper layer to form Fe0, S0 ₂ and Cu. The copper crucible bottom blowing process can reduce the amount of Fe ₃ 0 ₄ formed, prevent precipitation of Fe ₃ 0 ₄ and formation of foaming slag. Since the content of Fe ₃ 0 ₄ in the blowing slag is low, the viscosity of the blowing slag is low, and the amount of Cu ₂ 0 in the blowing slag can be reduced (for example, the copper content of the blowing slag can be less than 14%, even Less than 10%). That is, by continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the copper layer, the reaction time of the oxygen-containing gas is increased, the utilization rate of the oxygen-containing gas is improved, and the quality of the blister copper is improved. Further, by continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the blister copper layer, the total amount of gas blown per unit time can be reduced, so that the risk of the furnace can be reduced.

By continuously blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the thick copper layer, the furnace temperature can be stabilized, the disadvantage of excessive fluctuation of the operating temperature of the converter cycle is overcome, and the service life of the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace is greatly improved. , reducing refractory consumption and maintenance workload, thereby reducing coppermaking costs. Moreover, the copper crucible bottom blowing and blowing process can stably balance the amount of flue gas and the S0 ₂ content in the flue gas, and the furnace body does not need to rotate frequently, so that the air leakage rate is greatly reduced, and the smoke volume and smoke of the converter cycle are overcome. The disadvantage of large fluctuations in gas composition is conducive to acid production and reduces investment and operating costs of the acid plant.

 Advantageously, after a batch of copper matte is added to the furnace chamber 101 to blow out the blister copper, only the blister copper is discharged. By adding a new copper crucible to the furnace chamber 101 for re-blowing, the copper oxide in the first blowing slag can be reduced, thereby reducing the copper content of the blowing slag.

In some embodiments of the invention, the copper matte may be a solid copper matte. In other words, the copper matte can be added to the furnace cavity 101 in a solid form. The copper beryllium bottom blowing process according to the embodiment of the present invention can process the solid copper beryllium, and the amount of the copper beryllium can be more easily and accurately added by adding the solid copper beryllium to the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace. The metering is performed, and the ratio of the amount of copper bismuth to the oxygen-containing gas (oxygen amount) can be controlled more easily and accurately. This makes it easier to control the blowing process so that the melt in the converting furnace exists in both blister copper and blown slag, with no or almost no There is a copper layer (or white copper layer). For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, by precisely controlling the ratio of the amount of copper bismuth to the oxygen-containing gas (oxygen amount), the melt in the furnace chamber 101 may also be two-part (two-phase), the blister copper layer C1 and The slag layer C3 is blown, that is, the copper mash enters the furnace chamber 101 and is blown into blister copper and blown slag. When the two phases coexist, the blister copper has high quality and low impurities. By this control, the blowing effect can be further improved, and the sulfur content of the crude copper and the contents of other impurities (for example, arsenic, antimony, antimony, lead, etc.) can be further reduced. Since the ratio of the amount of the copper ruthenium to the oxygen-containing gas can be precisely controlled, the excessive copper peroxide can be prevented from being excessively oxidized and the foamed slag is formed, and the oxygen-containing gas can be prevented from being injected too little. Bronze contains more impurities (such as arsenic, antimony, antimony, lead, etc.) for subsequent processing. Moreover, by adding a solid copper crucible to the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace, intermittent feeding can be achieved, that is, a solid copper crucible can be intermittently added to the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace, thereby enabling the The copper crucible bottom blowing process has greater adaptability and a wider range of applications.

 Specifically, the liquid copper crucible may be subjected to water pulverization, dry granulation or cooling to be crushed to obtain a solid copper ruthenium.

 The solid copper crucible may be fed to the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace 1 through a feed chute or a feed chute, and the solid copper crucible may also be blown into the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace 1 by air flow. Thereby, the solid copper crucible can be more conveniently and easily added into the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace. Advantageously, the solid copper crucible can be continuously fed into the beryllium bottom blowing furnace 1 . Thereby, the copper beryllium can be continuously processed, and continuous oxygen blowing is combined to further improve the processing efficiency.

 As described above, the angle α between the ejection direction of the bottom blowing lance 20 and the vertically upward direction may be in the range of -120 degrees to +120 degrees. Preferably, the angle α between the ejection direction of the bottom blowing lance 20 and the vertically upward direction may be in the range of -60 degrees to +60 degrees. Advantageously, the angle α between the direction of jetting of the bottom blasting lance 20 and the direction of the vertical upward is in the range of -30 degrees to +30 degrees. Preferably, the angle α between the ejection direction of the bottom blowing lance 20 and the vertically upward direction is in the range of -20 degrees to +20 degrees. It can be understood that when the volume of the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace 1 is large, the processed melt is large, and the angle α can be larger. On the contrary, the angle α can be smaller to avoid blowing, resulting in wasting of oxygen-containing gas. , affecting the blowing effect.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the angle β between the bottom blowing lance 20 and the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the beak bottom blowing furnace is in the range of -30 degrees to +30 degrees.

 According to an embodiment of the invention, the included angle β is 0 degrees.

 The beryllium bottom blowing process according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include adding residual copper and/or waste copper to the cavity 101. By adding residual copper and/or scrap copper to the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace 1, there is no need to equip the equipment for melting waste copper and residual copper, thereby reducing investment, energy consumption and blowing costs, and further expanding The scope of the process.

 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the flux may be at least one of limestone, lime, quartz, a mixture of quartz and lime, and a mixture of quartz and limestone. The smelting slag produced by using limestone and lime as a flux is an alkaline slag. The alkaline slag has good fluidity, and the slag contains copper, but the lining is severely eroded. In order to solve this problem, it has been experimentally verified that the acid slag produced by using quartz stone as a flux has less erosion on the furnace lining, and can effectively extend the continuous operation time and the service life of the bottom blowing furnace. However, the test also found that the acid slag has poor fluidity, resulting in high copper content in the blowing slag, and it is easy to produce foam slag, which affects production safety. In order to solve the problem of acid slag, the present invention further proposes to use a mixture of quartz and lime or a mixture of quartz stone and limestone as a flux slag. The present invention refers to such a slag as a neutral slag. The use of neutral slag can not only reduce the erosion of the lining, but also improve the fluidity to a certain extent, reduce the copper content of the slag, and reduce the risk of foaming slag, which is a more preferable technical solution.

Preferably, the blowing slag can be continuously discharged by overflow. Of course, it can also be interrupted by overflow Discharge, or intermittently by means of eye-catching on the furnace body 10.

 Preferably, the blister copper can be continuously discharged by siphoning. Of course, it is also possible to intermittently discharge by means of overflow, or intermittently by means of drilling on the furnace body 10.

 According to the blowing process of the embodiment of the invention, the copper content of the blowing slag may be 20 wt% or less. In other words, the mass percentage of copper in the blowing slag and the blowing slag is 20% or less. More advantageously, the blowing slag has a copper content of less than 15% by weight to reduce the amount of copper returned and the amount of mechanical loss in the blowing slag.

 In some examples of the present invention, the blowing temperature in the beryllium bottom blowing furnace 1 may be from 1150 to 1300 degrees Celsius to maintain the blowing process. Advantageously, the blowing temperature in the beryllium bottom blowing furnace 1 can be from 1180 degrees Celsius to -1250 degrees Celsius to more safely maintain the blowing process. Further, according to the blowing process of the embodiment of the present invention, nitrogen gas may be sprayed into the thick copper layer in the copper crucible bottom blowing furnace 1 to agitate the melt to improve the blowing effect and the quality of the crude copper. Nitrogen is injected into the blister copper layer to improve the quality of the blister copper.

 In one example of the invention, the bottom blasting gun 20 can be cooled by a first cooling water jacket or permeable brick. Thereby, the life of the bottom blowing lance 20 is increased.

 According to the copper-bottomed bottom blowing and blowing furnace and the copper-bottomed bottom blowing and blowing process according to the embodiment of the present invention, the continuous blowing of the copper beryllium can be realized, the amount of generated flue gas is small, the concentration is stable, the environment is environmentally friendly, the quality of the crude copper is improved, and the blowing is performed. The slag contains low copper, high efficiency, low cost and wide application range.

 In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means a specific feature described in connection with the embodiment or example. A structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the foregoing embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive Variations, modifications, alterations and variations of the above-described embodiments are possible within the scope of the invention.

Claims

claims 1. A copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps: Add the copper matte and flux into the copper matte bottom blowing converting furnace; Utilize a bottom blowing lance to continuously blow oxygen-containing gas from the bottom of the copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace into the melt in the copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace; and Blister copper and blowing slag are respectively discharged from the copper matte bottom-blowing converting furnace. 2. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown into the blister copper layer of the melt. 3. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown into the copper matte layer of the melt. 4. The copper matte bottom blowing process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the copper matte is a solid copper matte. 5. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting process according to claim 4, characterized in that the solid copper matte is added to the copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace through a feeding chute or a feeding chute or is blown into the copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace by air flow. The copper matte bottom blowing converting furnace. 6. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting process according to claim 4, characterized in that the solid copper matte is continuously added into the copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace. 7. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the bottom blowing lance is located at the horizontal center line of the furnace body of the copper matte bottom blowing and blowing furnace. the following. 8. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the vertical upward direction is between -120 degrees and + within the range of 120 degrees. 9. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to claim 8, characterized in that the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the vertical upward direction is in the range of -60 degrees to +60 degrees. 10. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to claim 9, characterized in that the angle α between the bottom blowing gun and the vertical upward direction is in the range of -30 degrees to +30 degrees. 11. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to claim 10, characterized in that the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the vertical upward direction is in the range of -20 degrees to +20 degrees. 12. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting process according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the bottom blowing lance is orthogonal to the axial direction of the copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace. The angle β between them is in the range of -30 degrees to +30 degrees. 13. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to claim 12, characterized in that the included angle β is 0 degrees. 14. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising adding residual copper and/or scrap copper into the copper matte bottom blowing and blowing furnace. . 15. The copper matte bottom blowing process according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the flux is limestone, lime, quartz stone, a mixture of quartz stone and lime, and a mixture of quartz stone and limestone. at least one of the mixtures. 16. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, the blowing slag Continuous discharge through overflow. 17. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the blister copper is continuously discharged through a siphon. 18. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the blowing temperature in the copper matte bottom blowing and blowing furnace is 1150-1300 degrees Celsius. 19. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to claim 18, characterized in that the blowing temperature is 1180-1250 degrees Celsius. 20. The copper matte bottom blowing process according to any one of claims 1-19, characterized in that the furnace pressure of the oxygen-containing gas is 0.2-0.8MPa. 21. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to claim 20, characterized in that the furnace pressure of the oxygen-containing gas is 0.4-0.6MPa. 22. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to any one of claims 1-21, characterized in that the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-containing gas is 20-99.6%. 23. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to claim 22, characterized in that the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-containing gas is 30-75%. 24. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the bottom blowing lance also injects into the melt in the copper matte bottom blowing and blowing furnace. Nitrogen. 25. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that, it also includes a method of passing a gasket between the outer periphery of the bottom blowing lance and the copper matte bottom blowing and blowing furnace. The ventilation bricks or the first cooling water jacket between the furnace bodies cool the bottom blowing lance. 26. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting process according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that a second cooling water jacket is provided in the slag layer area of the copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace. 27. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing process according to any one of claims 25 to 26, characterized in that the first and second cooling water jackets are copper water jackets. 28. A copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace, which is characterized by including: The furnace body has a furnace cavity, and the furnace body has a feeding port for adding materials including copper matte into the furnace cavity, a slag discharge port for discharging blowing slag, and a slag discharge port for discharging blister copper. A thick copper discharge port, a smoke outlet for discharging flue gas and a spray gun socket located at the bottom of the furnace body; and A bottom blowing lance, which is inserted into the lance insertion hole, is used to continuously blow oxygen-containing gas into the melt in the furnace cavity. 29. The copper matte bottom-blowing converting furnace according to claim 28, characterized in that the charging port includes a first charging port for adding copper matte and flux into the furnace cavity and a first charging port for adding copper matte and flux into the furnace cavity. The second feeding port for adding residual copper and/or scrap copper into the furnace cavity. 30. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that the charging port and the smoke outlet share an opening. 31. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing furnace according to any one of claims 28 to 30, characterized in that, the bottom blowing nozzle The gun continuously blows the oxygen-containing gas into the blister copper layer of the melt. 32. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace according to any one of claims 28 to 31, characterized in that the bottom blowing lance continuously blows the oxygen-containing gas into the copper matte layer of the melt. . 33. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace according to any one of claims 28 to 32, characterized in that the copper matte is in a solid state. 34. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace according to any one of claims 28 to 33, characterized in that the furnace body is a rotatable cylindrical horizontal container. 35. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace according to any one of claims 28 to 34, characterized in that the bottom blowing lance is located below the horizontal center line of the furnace body. 36. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace according to any one of claims 28 to 35, characterized in that the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the vertical upward direction is between -120 degrees and + Within 120 degrees 37. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing furnace according to claim 36, characterized in that: the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the vertical upward direction is in the range of -60 degrees to +60 degrees. . 38. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing furnace according to claim 37, characterized in that: the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the vertical upward direction is in the range of -30 degrees to +30 degrees. . 39. The copper matte bottom blowing and blowing furnace according to claim 38, characterized in that: the angle α between the bottom blowing lance and the vertical upward direction is in the range of -20 degrees to +20 degrees. . 40. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace according to any one of claims 28 to 39, characterized in that the bottom blowing lance is orthogonal to the axial direction of the copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace. The angle β between them is in the range of -30 degrees to +30 degrees. 41. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace according to claim 40, characterized in that: , the angle between the bottom blowing lance and the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace. β is 0 degrees. 42. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace according to any one of claims 28 to 41, characterized in that a first cooling water jacket or ventilation is provided between the outer periphery of the bottom blowing lance and the furnace body. brick. 43. The copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace according to any one of claims 28 to 41, characterized in that a second cooling water jacket is provided in the slag layer area of the copper matte bottom blowing and converting furnace. 44. The copper matte bottom-blown converting furnace according to any one of claims 42 to 43, characterized in that the first and second cooling water jackets are copper water jackets.