WO2011087091A1 - 抗システムascアミノ酸トランスポーター2(asct2)抗体 - Google Patents
抗システムascアミノ酸トランスポーター2(asct2)抗体 Download PDFInfo
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- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
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- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
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- A61P13/08—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the prostate
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- A61P35/02—Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
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- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/574—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
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- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/20—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin
- C07K2317/24—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin containing regions, domains or residues from different species, e.g. chimeric, humanized or veneered
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
- C07K2317/73—Inducing cell death, e.g. apoptosis, necrosis or inhibition of cell proliferation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
- C07K2317/73—Inducing cell death, e.g. apoptosis, necrosis or inhibition of cell proliferation
- C07K2317/734—Complement-dependent cytotoxicity [CDC]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
- C07K2317/76—Antagonist effect on antigen, e.g. neutralization or inhibition of binding
Definitions
- the present invention specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of the system ASC amino acid transporter 2 (system ASC amino acid transporter 2, hereinafter referred to as ASCT2) and binds to the extracellular region.
- ASCT2 system ASC amino acid transporter 2
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an antibody fragment, a therapeutic agent containing the antibody or the antibody fragment, and a diagnostic agent containing the antibody or the antibody fragment.
- ASCT2 polypeptide is a 10-transmembrane protein consisting of a total length of 541 amino acids and functions as a transporter that transports neutral amino acids through cell membranes in a sodium ion-dependent manner.
- Amino acid transporters are classified into several “systems” based on functional characteristics such as substrate specificity, but ASCT2 belongs to the system ASC, and L-alanine, L-serine, L-threonine depends on sodium ions. , L-cysteine, L-glutamine and other neutral amino acids function in cells (Non-patent Document 1).
- ASCT2 is a cell surface receptor of a virus shared by type D simian retroviruses and three type C viruses [feline endogenous virus (RD114), baboon endogenous virus, avian reticuloendotheliosis virus] (non-reactive).
- RD114 baboon endogenous virus
- avian reticuloendotheliosis virus avian reticuloendotheliosis virus
- ASCT2 belongs to the family carrier family 1 (neutral amino acid transport), member 5, member of family carrier 1 member 5, or SLC1ALC.
- Non-Patent Document 4 Regarding the relationship between cancer and the expression of ASCT2 or SLC1A5, it is known that the expression of SLC1A5, SLC7A5 and SLC38A5 is markedly enhanced in cancer tissues by examination using an EST (expressed sequence tag) database.
- SLC1A5 expression is not observed at all in the normal liver, whereas SLC1A5 expression is observed in clinical tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma (Non-patent Document 5). Furthermore, the expression of SLC1A5 is also increased in clinical tissues of poorly differentiated astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme compared to normal tissues (Non-patent Document 6).
- ASCT2 is detected by immunohistochemical staining or Western blotting in clinical tissues of colorectal cancer and prostate cancer, and the prognosis is poor in patients with high expression of ASCT2 (Non-patent Documents 7 and 8).
- Non-patent Documents 9 to 12 Cell proliferation is suppressed by competitively inhibiting the intracellular uptake of glutamine using an alanine-serine-threonine mixture that is a substrate of ASCT2 (Non-patent Document 9).
- Non-Patent Documents 13, 14, and 15 As an antibody that binds to ASCT2, polyclonal antibodies against a partial peptide at the intracellular N-terminus or C-terminus of human ASCT2 are known (Non-Patent Documents 13, 14, and 15).
- ADCC activity antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity
- CDC activity complement-dependent cytotoxic activity
- Polyclonal antibodies that recognize human ASCT2 are Lifespan Biosciences (catalog numbers: LS-C16840 and LC-C31887), Avia Systems Biology (catalog number: ARP42247_T100), Santa Cruz Biotechnology (catalog number: sc-50698 and sc-50701), or from Millipore (catalog number: AB5468).
- Non-Patent Documents 13 to 15 are antibodies that recognize the intracellular portion of ASCT2, they cannot bind to ASCT2 expressed on the cell membrane of cells.
- Non-Patent Document 16 since the antibody described in Non-Patent Document 16 cannot bind to ASCT2 expressed on the cell membrane of cells, cell damage due to these effector activities cannot be expected. In addition, since these antibodies are antibodies that recognize the intracellular portion of ASCT2, they cannot inhibit the intracellular uptake of amino acids by ASCT2 expressed in living cells.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a monoclonal antibody or an antibody fragment that specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 and binds to the extracellular region. Further, a hybridoma producing the antibody, a DNA encoding the antibody, a vector containing the DNA, a transformant obtained by introducing the vector, an antibody or the antibody fragment using the hybridoma or the transformant It is to provide a method, a therapeutic agent containing the antibody or the antibody fragment, and a diagnostic agent containing the antibody or the antibody fragment.
- the present invention relates to the following (1) to (24).
- the antibody heavy chain variable region (hereinafter referred to as VH) comprises the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 76, and the antibody light chain variable region (hereinafter referred to as VL) is represented by SEQ ID NO: 84.
- VH The antibody heavy chain variable region
- VL the antibody light chain variable region
- ASCT2 Monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of system ASC amino acid transporter 2 (hereinafter referred to as ASCT2) and binds to the extracellular region fragment.
- (10) A DNA encoding the monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment thereof according to any one of (1) to (8).
- (11) A recombinant vector containing the DNA according to (10).
- (12) A transformed strain obtained by introducing the recombinant vector according to (11) into a host cell.
- the hybridoma according to (9) or the transformant according to (12) is cultured in a medium, and the monoclonal antibody according to any one of (1) to (8) or the 9.
- a therapeutic agent for a disease involving ASCT2 comprising the monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment according to any one of (1) to (8) as an active ingredient.
- the therapeutic agent according to (14), wherein the disease involving ASCT2 is cancer.
- the cancer is blood cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer or prostate cancer.
- the detection or measurement method according to (17), wherein the immunological measurement method is an immunoprecipitation method.
- the diagnostic agent according to (22), wherein the disease involving ASCT2 is cancer.
- the diagnostic agent according to (23), wherein the cancer is blood cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer or prostate cancer.
- a monoclonal antibody or antibody fragment that specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 and binds to the extracellular region, a hybridoma that produces the antibody, a DNA encoding the antibody, A vector comprising the DNA, a transformant obtained by introducing the vector, a method for producing an antibody or antibody fragment using the hybridoma or the transformant can be provided.
- the monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment of the present invention can be used for a therapeutic agent and a diagnostic agent for diseases involving ASCT2, and is very useful.
- FIG. 1A shows the alignment of NM_005628 and HCHON2001712. Locations where the base sequences match are indicated by *.
- FIG. 1B shows the alignment of NM_005628 and HCHON2001712. Locations where the base sequences match are indicated by *.
- FIG. 1C shows the alignment of NM_005628 and HCHON2001712. Locations where the base sequences match are indicated by *.
- FIG. 1D shows the alignment of NM_005628 and HCHON2001712. Locations where the base sequences match are indicated by *.
- FIG. 2 (A) shows the mRNA expression level of ACST2 gene in cancer cell lines, xenografts, normal tissues, and clinical cancer tissues.
- FIG. 2 (B) shows the expression level of ACST2 gene mRNA in cancer cell lines, xenografts, normal tissues, and clinical cancer tissues.
- FIG. 3 (a) shows the results of measuring the reactivity of mouse IgG1 antibody to vector-introduced CHO cells (Vector / CHO) by fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- FIG. 3 (b) shows the results of measuring the reactivity of the anti-myc antibody (Anti-Myc) against vector-introduced CHO cells (Vector / CHO) by fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- FIG. 3 (c) shows the results of measuring the reactivity of the anti-His antibody (Anti-His) to vector-introduced CHO cells (Vector / CHO) by fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- FIG. 3 (b) shows the results of measuring the reactivity of the anti-myc antibody (Anti-Myc) against vector-introduced CHO cells (Vector / CHO) by fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- FIG. 3 (c) shows the results of measuring the reactivity of
- FIG. 3 (d) shows the results of measuring the reactivity of mouse IgG1 antibody to immobilized human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cells (ASCT2 / CHO) by fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- FIG. 3 (e) shows the result of measuring the reactivity of the anti-myc antibody (Anti-Myc) to the immobilized human ASCT2-myc / His transgenic CHO cells (ASCT2 / CHO) by fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer). Indicates.
- FIG. 3 (f) shows the result of measuring the reactivity of the anti-His antibody (Anti-His) to the immobilized human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cells (ASCT2 / CHO) by fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer). Indicates. The horizontal axis indicates the fluorescence intensity, and the vertical axis indicates the number of cells. The antibody is shown in black and the buffer is shown as a white curve.
- FIG. 4 shows the reactivity of the monoclonal antibody KM3842 against the N-terminal peptide of ASCT2 to the N-terminal peptide of ASCT2 in a banding ELISA.
- FIG. 5 shows the reactivity of anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibody KM3998 to ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cells (ASCT2 / CHO) in fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- FIG. 5 (b) shows the reactivity of the anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibody KM3998 to vector-introduced CHO cells (Vector / CHO) in fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- FIG. 5 (c) shows the reactivity of anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibody KM3998 to KMS-11 in fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- the horizontal axis indicates the fluorescence intensity, and the vertical axis indicates the number of cells.
- KM3998 is shown in black, and rat IgG2a-UNLB is shown in white.
- FIGS. 6 (a) and (b) are for human ASCT2-myc / His transgenic CHO cells (ASCT2 / CHO) in fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer) of anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibodies KM4000, KM4001, KM4008, KM4012 and KM4018. Shows reactivity.
- FIGS. 6 (c) and (d) show the reactivity of anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibodies KM4000, KM4001, KM4008, KM4012 and KM4018 to vector-introduced CHO cells (Vector / CHO) in fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- FIG. 6 (e) and (f) show the reactivity of anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibodies KM4000, KM4001, KM4008, KM4012 and KM4018 to KMS-11 in fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- the horizontal axis represents antibody concentration ( ⁇ g / mL), and the vertical axis represents average fluorescence intensity.
- the average fluorescence intensity of KM511 is indicated by a circle and a solid line
- the average fluorescence intensity of KM4000 is indicated by a mark and a solid line
- the average fluorescence intensity of KM4001 is indicated by a triangle and a dotted line
- the average fluorescence intensity of KM4008 is indicated by a circle and a dotted line.
- FIG. 7 shows the inhibitory activity of anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibody KM3998 on glutamine-dependent growth of human colon cancer cell line WiDr.
- the horizontal axis represents the final concentration of KM3998 ( ⁇ g / mL), and the vertical axis represents the relative value (%) when the proliferation in antibody-untreated cells is defined as 100%.
- FIGS. 8 (a) and (b) show the inhibitory activity of anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibodies KM4000, KM4001, KM4008, KM4012 and KM4018 on glutamine-dependent growth of human colon cancer cell lines WiDr.
- the horizontal axis represents the final concentration ( ⁇ g / mL) of each antibody, and the vertical axis represents the relative value (%) when the growth in antibody-untreated cells is taken as 100%.
- the relative growth rate of KM4000 is indicated by ⁇ and solid line
- the relative growth rate of KM4001 is indicated by ⁇ and solid line
- the relative growth rate of KM4008 is indicated by ⁇ and solid line
- the relative growth rate of KM4012 is indicated by ⁇ and solid line
- the relative growth rate is indicated by a cross and a solid line
- the relative growth rate of KM4018 is indicated by a solid and a solid line
- the relative growth rate of rat IgG2a-UNLB is indicated by a cross and a solid line
- the relative growth rate of an AST mixture is indicated by a dotted line. Show. FIG.
- FIG. 9 (a) shows the reactivity of anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody to human ASCT2-myc / His transgenic CHO cells (ASCT2 / CHO) in fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- FIG. 9 (b) shows the reactivity of the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody to human multiple myeloma cell line OPM-2 in fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- the horizontal axis represents antibody concentration ( ⁇ g / mL), and the vertical axis represents average fluorescence intensity.
- FIG. 10 shows ADCC activity of anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody against human multiple myeloma cell line KMS-11.
- the horizontal axis represents antibody concentration (ng / mL), and the vertical axis represents ADCC activity.
- FIG. 11 (a) shows the CDC activity of the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody against human ASCT2-myc / His transgenic CHO cells (ASCT2 / CHO).
- FIG. 11 (b) shows CDC activity against human colon cancer cell line Colo205.
- the horizontal axis represents antibody concentration ( ⁇ g / mL), and the vertical axis represents CDC activity.
- FIG. 12 shows the inhibitory activity of anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody on glutamine-dependent growth of human colon cancer cell line WiDr.
- the horizontal axis represents the final concentration ( ⁇ g / mL) of each antibody, and the vertical axis represents the relative value (%) when the growth in antibody-untreated cells is taken as 100%.
- FIG. 13 (a) shows a schematic diagram of the human ASCT2 protein.
- FIG. 13 (b) shows a schematic diagram of the mouse ASCT2 protein. In the putative extracellular region (EL1, EL2, EL3, EL4 and EL5), amino acids that differ between humans and mice are shown in black.
- FIG. 13 (a) shows a schematic diagram of the human ASCT2 protein.
- FIG. 13 (b) shows a schematic diagram of the mouse ASCT2 protein. In the putative extracellular region (EL1, EL2, EL3, EL4 and EL5), amino acids that differ between humans and mice are shown in black.
- FIG. 14 (a) shows the reactivity of anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 to human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cells (ASCT2 / CHO) in fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- FIG. 14 (b) shows the reactivity of the anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 to the human multiple myeloma cell line KMS-11 in fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer).
- the horizontal axis represents antibody concentration ( ⁇ g / mL), and the vertical axis represents average fluorescence intensity.
- FIG. 15 (a) shows ADCC activity of anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 against human multiple myeloma cell line KMS-11.
- FIG. 15 (b) shows ADCC activity of human anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 against human multiple myeloma cell line KMS-11 against human small cell lung cancer line SBC-3.
- the horizontal axis represents antibody concentration (ng / mL), and the vertical axis represents ADCC activity.
- the ADCC activity of HV2LV3 is indicated by a circle and a solid line
- the ADCC activity of HV10LV3 is indicated by a triangle and a solid line
- the ADCC activity of the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody cKM4008 is indicated by a ⁇ mark and a solid line, respectively.
- FIG. 16 shows the CDC activity of anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 against human colon cancer cell line Colo205.
- the horizontal axis represents antibody concentration ( ⁇ g / mL), and the vertical axis represents CDC activity.
- FIG. 17 shows the inhibitory activity of anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 on glutamine-dependent growth of human colon cancer cell line WiDr.
- the horizontal axis represents the final concentration ( ⁇ g / mL) of each antibody, and the vertical axis represents the relative value (%) when the growth in antibody-untreated cells is taken as 100%.
- the relative growth rate of HV2LV3 is indicated by a circle and a solid line
- the relative growth rate of HV10LV3 is indicated by a triangle and a solid line
- the relative growth rate of anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody cKM4008 is indicated by a solid mark and a solid line
- the relative growth rate of KM511 is indicated by a +
- the solid growth line represents the relative growth rate of the AST mixture with dotted lines.
- the present invention relates to a monoclonal antibody or an antibody fragment that specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 and binds to the extracellular region.
- the species is not particularly limited, but preferably includes mammals, and specifically includes humans.
- the amino acid sequence information of ASCT2 can be obtained from a known database such as NCBI (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/).
- Examples thereof include human ASCT2 (NCBI accession number: NP_005619) having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2, mouse ASCT2 (NCBI accession number: NP_033227) represented by SEQ ID NO: 86, and the like.
- ASCT2 in the present invention includes, for example, a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or an amino acid sequence in which one or more amino acids are deleted, substituted or added in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2, And a polypeptide having the function of ASCT2.
- a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence and having the function of ASCT2 is also included in the ASCT2 of the present invention.
- a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence in which one or more amino acids are deleted, substituted, or added in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 is obtained by site-directed mutagenesis [Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition, Cold Spring. Harbor Laboratory Press (1989), Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons (1987-1997), Nucleic Acids Research, 10, 6487 (1982), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 79, 6409 (1982), Gene, 34, 315 (1985), Nucleic Acids Research, 13, 4431 (1985), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 82, 488 (1985)] and the like, for example, can be obtained by introducing a site-specific mutation into DNA encoding a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2.
- the number of amino acids to be deleted, substituted or added is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to several tens, for example 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to several, for example 1 to 5 amino acids. It is.
- Examples of the gene encoding ASCT2 include the base sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the gene comprising DNA encoding a polypeptide consisting of a base sequence in which one or more bases are deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 and having the function of ASCT2 also encodes ASCT2 of the present invention. Is included in the gene.
- the base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 has at least 60% or more homology, preferably 80% or more homology, more preferably 95% or more homology.
- a gene containing a DNA encoding a polypeptide having the function of ASCT2 is also included in the gene encoding ASCT2 of the present invention.
- a gene comprising a DNA that hybridizes with a DNA having the base sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 under stringent conditions and that includes a DNA encoding a polypeptide having the function of ASCT2 also encodes ASCT2 of the present invention. Is included in the gene.
- a DNA having the base sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 was used as a probe for colony hybridization, plaque hybridization, Southern blot hybridization, or It means a hybridizable DNA obtained by a DNA microarray method or the like.
- 0.7 to 1.0 mol / L of sodium chloride is present using a DNA or DNA derived from hybridized colonies or plaques, or a filter or slide glass on which a PCR product or oligo DNA having the sequence is immobilized. Below, hybridization at 65 ° C.
- the DNA capable of hybridizing is DNA having at least 60% homology with the base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, preferably DNA having 80% homology or more, more preferably 95% homology or more.
- the gene used in the present invention includes a gene in which a small-scale mutation has occurred in the nucleotide sequence due to such a polymorphism, and is included in the gene encoding ASCT2 of the present invention.
- the numerical value of homology in the present invention may be a numerical value calculated using a homology search program known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.
- the default parameters are 5 if G (Cost to open gap) is a base sequence, 11 if it is an amino acid sequence, 2 if -E (Cost to extend gap) is a base sequence, and 1 if it is an amino acid sequence.
- -Q (Penalty for nucleotide mismatch) is -3
- -r (reward for nucleotide match) is 1
- -e (expect value) is 10
- 11 residues when -W (wordsize) is a base sequence
- -y [Dropoff (X) for blast extensions in bits] is 20 if blastn, 7 for programs other than blastn
- -X X dropoff value f If the r aligned alignment in bits) is 15 and -Z (final X dropoff value for gapd alignment in bits) is blastn, it is 25 for programs other than blastn (http: // www. gov / blast / html / blastcgihelp.html).
- a polypeptide comprising a partial sequence of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art. For example, it can be produced by culturing a transformant into which a part of the DNA encoding the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 has been deleted and an expression vector containing this is introduced.
- amino acid in which one or more amino acids have been deleted, substituted or added in the partial sequence of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 by the same method as described above based on the polypeptide or DNA prepared by the method A polypeptide having the sequence can be obtained.
- a polypeptide comprising a partial sequence of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence in which one or more amino acids have been deleted, substituted or added in the partial sequence of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2
- Fmoc fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl
- tBoc t-butyloxycarbonyl
- the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 is converted into a known transmembrane region prediction program SOSUI (http://sosui.proteome.bio.tuat.ac.jp). /Sosuiframe0.html), TMHMM ver. 2 (http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/TMHMM-2.0/) or ExPASy Proteomics Server (http://Ca.expasy.org/) It is done.
- SOSUI http://sosui.proteome.bio.tuat.ac.jp. /Sosuiframe0.html
- TMHMM ver. 2 http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/TMHMM-2.0/
- ExPASy Proteomics Server http://Ca.expasy.org/
- the five extracellular regions of ASCT2 are expressed in order from the N-terminal side as EL1 region, EL2 region, EL3 region, EL4 region and EL5 region.
- the EL2 region in the amino acid sequence of the ASCT2 polypeptide represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 is positions 154 to 224 or 152 to 224.
- the monoclonal antibody of the present invention binds to the extracellular region of ASCT2, but preferably binds to at least one region selected from the EL1 to EL5 regions of the extracellular region of ASCT2, and includes the extracellular region of ASCT2. More preferably, it binds to at least the EL2 region.
- the extracellular region of ASCT2 having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 has a three-dimensional structure equivalent to the three-dimensional structure that can be taken in the natural state. Any structure may be used.
- That the antibody of the present invention or the antibody fragment specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 and binds to the extracellular region is a radioimmunoassay using a solid phase sandwich method or the like, or A known immunological detection method for cells expressing ASCT2 using an enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) or the like, preferably a binding of an antibody to a specific antigen with cells expressing a specific antigen such as a fluorescent cell staining method It can be confirmed by a method that can.
- ELISA enzyme immunoassay
- a fluorescent antibody staining method using a FMAT8100HTS system (Applied Biosystems) or the like [Cancer Immunol. Immunother. , 36, 373 (1993)], fluorescent cell staining using flow cytometry, or surface plasmon resonance using a Biacore system (manufactured by GE Healthcare).
- the cell expressing ASCT2 may be any cell as long as it expresses ASCT2.
- a cell naturally existing in the human body a cell line established from a cell naturally existing in the human body, or genetic recombination Examples include cells obtained by technology.
- Examples of cells that naturally exist in the human body include cells in which the polypeptide is expressed in cancer patients, such as cells in which the ASCT2 is expressed among tumor cells obtained by biopsy, etc. Is mentioned.
- the ASCT2 As a cell line established from cells naturally present in the human body, among the cell lines obtained by establishing cells expressing the ASCT2 obtained from the above cancer patients, the ASCT2 is expressed. Cell lines.
- Examples thereof include multiple myeloma cell lines KMS-11 [Human Science Research Resource Bank (HSRRB) number: JCRB1179] or RPMI8226 (HSRRB number: JCRB0034), which are cell lines established from humans.
- HSRRB Human Science Research Resource Bank
- RPMI8226 HSRRB number: JCRB0034
- the cells obtained by gene recombination technology include, for example, cells expressing the ASCT2 obtained by introducing an expression vector containing cDNA encoding the ASCT2 into insect cells or animal cells. Etc.
- Examples of the monoclonal antibody in the present invention include an antibody produced by a hybridoma, or a recombinant antibody produced by a transformant transformed with an expression vector containing an antibody gene.
- the hybridoma is prepared, for example, using the above-described cells expressing ASCT2 as an antigen, and induces antibody-producing cells having antigen specificity from an animal immunized with the antigen. Furthermore, it can be prepared by fusing the antibody-producing cells and myeloma cells.
- the anti-ASCT2 antibody can be obtained by culturing the hybridoma or administering the hybridoma cells to an animal to cause ascites cancer, and separating and purifying the culture medium or ascites.
- Any animal can be used as the animal to immunize with the antigen as long as it can produce a hybridoma.
- mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit or the like is used.
- An antibody produced by a hybridoma prepared by obtaining a cell capable of producing an antibody from such an animal, immunizing the cell in vitro, and then fusing it with a myeloma cell is also an antibody of the present invention. Is included.
- the monoclonal antibody produced by the hybridoma of the present invention include antibody KM3998 produced by hybridoma KM3998, antibody KM4000 produced by hybridoma KM4000, antibody KM4001 produced by hybridoma KM4001, and antibody produced by hybridoma KM4008 Examples thereof include KM4008, antibody KM4012 produced by hybridoma KM4012, antibody KM4018 produced by hybridoma KM4018, and the like.
- Hybridomas KM4008 and KM4012 were deposited as FERM BP-10962 and FERM BP-10963 at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) on May 1, 2008, based on the Budapest Treaty (International Publication No. 2010 / 008075).
- a monoclonal antibody that binds to an epitope to which an antibody produced from the hybridoma described above binds is also included in the monoclonal antibody of the present invention.
- the recombinant antibody includes antibodies produced by genetic recombination, such as human chimeric antibodies, humanized antibodies, human antibodies, or antibody fragments thereof.
- Recombinant antibodies having characteristics of monoclonal antibodies, low antigenicity, and extended blood half-life are preferred as therapeutic agents.
- examples of the recombinant antibody include those obtained by modifying the monoclonal antibody of the present invention using a gene recombination technique.
- Specific examples of the recombinant antibody of the present invention include the following antibodies (1) to (3).
- CDR Complementarity Determining Region
- CDR2 CDR2, and CDR3 of a heavy chain variable region (hereinafter referred to as VH) of an antibody are represented by SEQ ID NOs: 26, 27, and 28, respectively.
- VH heavy chain variable region
- VL light chain variable region
- CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the antibody VH include the amino acid sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 32, 33 and 34, respectively, and / or CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the VL are SEQ ID NOs: 35, 36 and 37, respectively.
- Recombinant gene containing the amino acid sequence represented by (3) CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the VH of the antibody include the amino acid sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 49, 50 and 51, respectively, and / or CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the VL of the antibody are SEQ ID NOs: 52 and 53, respectively.
- the human chimeric antibody refers to an antibody comprising VH and VL of a non-human animal antibody and a heavy chain constant region (hereinafter referred to as CH) and light chain constant region (hereinafter referred to as CL) of a human antibody.
- CH heavy chain constant region
- CL light chain constant region
- the human chimeric antibody of the present invention obtains cDNA encoding VH and VL from a hybridoma that specifically recognizes the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 and produces a monoclonal antibody that binds to the extracellular region.
- the human chimeric antibody expression vector is constructed by inserting it into an animal cell expression vector having genes encoding human antibodies CH and CL, and is introduced into animal cells for expression and production.
- the CH of the human chimeric antibody may be any as long as it belongs to human immunoglobulin (hereinafter referred to as hIg), but preferably is of the hIgG class. Furthermore, any of subclasses such as hIgG1, hIgG2, hIgG3, and hIgG4 belonging to the hIgG class can be used.
- the CL of the human chimeric antibody may be any as long as it belongs to hIg, and those of ⁇ class or ⁇ class can be used.
- Examples of the human chimeric antibody of the present invention include the following (1) to (3).
- a human chimeric antibody in which the VH of the antibody includes the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 19 and the VL of the antibody includes the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 21 (2)
- a human chimeric antibody comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 23 and the antibody VL comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 25 (3)
- the VH of the antibody represented by SEQ ID NO: 46 A human chimeric antibody comprising the sequence and the antibody VL comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 48
- human chimeric antibody of the present invention examples include human chimeric antibodies cKM4008, cKM4012, and cKM4018.
- a humanized antibody refers to an antibody obtained by grafting the VH and VL CDR amino acid sequences of a non-human animal antibody to an appropriate position of the human antibody VH and VL.
- the humanized antibody of the present invention can be produced as follows.
- Non-human animal antibody VH and VL CDRs produced from a hybridoma that specifically recognizes the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 and that produces a monoclonal antibody of a non-human animal that binds to the extracellular region
- a cDNA is constructed that encodes a variable region (hereinafter referred to as V region) in which the amino acid sequence is transferred to the VH and VL frameworks (hereinafter referred to as FR) of any human antibody.
- V region variable region
- FR VH and VL frameworks
- the cDNA is inserted into an animal cell expression vector having genes encoding the human antibody CH and CL to construct a humanized antibody expression vector.
- the expression vector can be expressed by introducing it into animal cells to produce the humanized antibody of the present invention.
- Any amino acid sequences of FRs of VH and VL of humanized antibodies can be used as long as they are amino acid sequences of FRs of VH and VL derived from human antibodies.
- VH and VL FR amino acid sequences registered in databases such as Protein Data Bank, or Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, US Dept. The common amino acid sequences of the VH and VL FR subgroups of human antibodies described in Health and Human Services (1991) are used.
- the CH of the humanized antibody may be any as long as it belongs to hIg, but the hIgG class is preferable. Furthermore, any of subclasses such as hIgG1, hIgG2, hIgG3, and hIgG4 belonging to the hIgG class can be used.
- the CL of the human CDR-grafted antibody may be any of those belonging to hIg, and those of the ⁇ class or ⁇ class can be used.
- the humanized antibody of the present invention is preferably a humanized antibody containing at least one of the following (a) antibody VH and (b) antibody VL.
- the number of modifications to be introduced is not limited.
- B the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72, or the 8th Pro, 15th Val, 38th Gln, 43rd Ala, 44th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72, VL including an amino acid sequence in which at least one amino acid residue selected from the 71st Phe and the 87th Tyr is substituted with another
- the 9th Ser, 20th Val, 38th Arg, 46th Glu, 93th Val, 95th Tyr and 116th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 are: VH comprising an amino acid sequence substituted with another amino acid residue (2) VH containing an amino acid sequence in which the 20th Val, 46th Glu, 95th Tyr and 116th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 are substituted with other amino acid residues (3) VH including an amino acid sequence in which the 46th Glu and 95th Tyr in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 are substituted with other amino acid residues
- the amino acid sequence of the VH for example, the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the 9th Ser is Pro, the 20th Val is Ile, and the 30th Ser is Thr, 38th Arg to Lys, 46th Glu to Lys, 86th Leu to Val, 93rd Val to Thr, 95th Tyr to Phe, and 116th Val to Leu
- SEQ ID NO: 71 the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile
- the 9th Ser is Pro
- the 20th Val is Ile
- the 30th Ser is Thr, 38th Arg to Lys, 46th Glu to Lys, 86th Leu to Val, 93rd Val to Thr, 95th Tyr to Phe, and 116th Val to Leu
- An amino acid sequence into which at least one modification selected from modifications to be substituted is introduced.
- amino acid sequence of VH include an amino acid sequence into which the following 1 to 10 modifications are introduced.
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile
- the 9th Ser is Pro
- the 20th Val to Ile 30th Ser to Thr
- 38th Arg to Lys 46th Glu to Lys
- 86th Leu to Val 93rd Val to Thr
- 95th Tyr An amino acid sequence in which Phe and 116th Val are substituted with Leu can be mentioned.
- amino acid sequence of VH into which nine modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (10).
- the 9th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Pro
- the 20th Val is Ile
- the 30th Ser is Thr
- the 38th Arg is Lys
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence is Ile, the 20th Val is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, the 38th Arg is Lys, the 46th Glu is Lys, and the 86th Leu is Val.
- the amino acid sequence in which the 93rd Val is replaced with Thr, the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu (3) is represented by SEQ ID NO: 71.
- the second Val is Ile
- the ninth Ser is Pro
- the 30th Ser is Thr
- the 38th Arg is Lys
- the 46th Glu is Lys
- the 86th Leu is Val.
- the amino acid sequence (4) in which the 93rd Val is replaced with Thr, the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu is the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 9th Ser to Pro, 20th Val to Ile, 38th Arg to Lys, 46th Glu to Lys, 86th Leu to Val, 93rd Val to Thr, Amino acid sequence in which 95th Tyr is substituted with Phe and 116th Val is replaced with Leu (5) Second Va in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 To Ile, 9th Ser to Pro, 20th Val to Ile, 30th Ser to Thr, 46th Glu to Lys, 86th Leu to Val, 93th Val to Thr In the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71, the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu.
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, and the 9th Ser is Pro.
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile and the 9th Ser is P ro, 20th Val to Ile, 30th Ser to Thr, 38th Arg to Lys, 46th Glu to Lys, 93rd Val to Thr, 95th Tyr to Phe And the 116th Val is replaced with Leu.
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the 9th Ser is Pro, and the 20th Val is Ile.
- the 30th Ser is replaced with Thr
- the 38th Arg is replaced with Lys
- the 46th Glu is replaced with Lys
- the 86th Leu is replaced with Val
- the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe
- the 116th Val is replaced with Leu.
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the 9th Ser is Pro, and the 20th Val is Il.
- the 30th Ser to Thr, the 38th Arg to Lys, the 46th Glu to Lys, the 86th Leu to Val, the 93rd Val to Thr, and the 116th Val to Leu Substituted amino acid sequence (10)
- the second Val is Ile
- the ninth Ser is Pro
- the 20th Val is Ile
- the 30th Ser is Thr
- 46th Glu is replaced with Lys
- 86th Leu is replaced with Val
- 93rd Val is replaced with Thr
- 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe.
- amino acid sequence of VH into which 8 modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (45).
- the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, the 38th Arg is Lys, the 46th Glu is Lys, and the 86th Leu.
- Is replaced with Val the 93rd Val is replaced with Thr, the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu.
- the 9th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is the Pro, the 20th al to Ile, 38th Arg to Lys, 46th Glu to Lys, 86th Leu to Val, 93rd Val to Thr, 95th Tyr to Phe, and 116th Val
- the 9th Ser in Pro, the 20th Val in Ile, the 30th Ser in Thr, and the 46th Glu An amino acid sequence in which 86th Leu is replaced with Val, 93rd Val is replaced with Thr, 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and 116th Val is replaced with Leu (5) amino acid
- SEQ ID NO: 71 In the amino acid sequence represented, the 9th Ser is Pro, the 20th Val is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, the 38th Arg is Lys, the 46th Glu is Lys, and the 86th Amino acid sequence in which Leu is replaced with Val, 93rd Val is replaced with Thr, and 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe (10) amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 71
- the second Val in the column is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, the 38th Arg is Lys, the 46th Glu is Lys, the 86th Leu is Val, and the 93rd Val is Thr.
- the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe
- the 116th Val is replaced with Leu. , 38th Arg to Lys, 46th Glu to Lys, 86th Leu to Val, 93rd Val to Thr, 95th Tyr to Phe, and 116th Val to Leu Amino acid sequence (12)
- the second Val is Ile
- the 20th Val is Ile
- 116th Val is replaced by Leu (13)
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the 20th Val is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, the 38th Arg is Lys, and the 86th Leu is Val.
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is represented by Ile, Val to Ile, 30th Ser to Thr, 38th Arg to Lys, 46th Glu to Lys, 86th Leu to Val, 95th Tyr to Phe, and 116th Val
- the second Val is Ile
- the 20th Val is Ile
- the 30th Ser to Thr the 38th Arg Lys
- 46th Glu to Lys 86th Leu to Val
- 93rd Val to Thr 116th Val to Leu
- the second Val in the sequence is Ile, the 9th Ser is Pro, the 30th Ser is Thr, the 38th Arg is Lys, the 46th Glu is Lys, and the 86th Leu is Val.
- the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu.
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, and the 9th Ser is Pro.
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the 9th Ser is Pro, and the 30th Ser is Amino acid sequence in which Thr, 38th Arg is replaced by Lys, 46th Glu is replaced by Lys, 86th Leu is replaced by Val, 93rd Val is replaced by Thr, and 95th Tyr is replaced by Phe (25)
- the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 the second Val is Ile, the ninth Ser is Pro, the 20th Val is Ile, the 46th Glu is Lys, and the 86th Leu is Val.
- the second Val in the array is Ile, the ninth Ser is Pro, the 20th Val is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, the 38th Arg is Lys, and the 86th Leu is Val.
- the 93rd Val is replaced with Thr and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu.
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, and the 9th Ser is Pro.
- the second Val is Ile
- the ninth Ser is Pro
- the 20th Val is Ile
- the 30th Ser is Thr
- the 38th Arg is Lys
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is represented by Ile, Ser to Pro, 20th Val to Ile, 30th Ser to Thr, 38th Arg to Lys, 46th Glu to Lys, 86th Leu to Val, and 116th Val
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71
- the 9th Ser in the Pro the 20th in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the ninth Ser is Pro, the 20th Val is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, and the 38th Arg is Amino acid sequence in which 46th Glu is replaced with Lys, 86th Leu is replaced with Val, and 93rd Val is replaced with Thr with Lys
- amino acid sequence of VH into which seven modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (19).
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the ninth Ser is Pro, the 20th Val is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, and the 46th Glu In the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71, the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71, and the 9th Ser in the amino acid sequence in which the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu. Is replaced with Pro, 20th Val as Ile, 38th Arg as Lys, 46th Glu as Lys, 95th Tyr as Phe, and 116th Val as Leu.
- the second Val is Ile
- the ninth Ser is Pro
- the 20th Val is Ile
- the 46th Glu is ys
- 116th Val is replaced with Leu
- Second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 Ile, 9th Ser to Pro, 20th Val to Ile, 46th Glu to Lys, 93rd Val to Thr, 95th Tyr to Phe, and 116th Val to Leu (5)
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile
- the 20th Val is Ile
- the 30th Ser is Thr
- the 38th Arg is Lys.
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence is Ile, the 20th Val is Ile, the 38th Arg is Lys, the 46th Glu is Lys, 86th The amino acid sequence in which the Leu of the eye is replaced with Val, the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu (9)
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is represented by Ile, An amino acid obtained by substituting the 1st Val to Ile, the 38th Arg to Lys, the 46th Glu to Lys, the 93rd Val to Thr, the 95th Tyr to Phe, and the 116th Val to Leu Sequence (10)
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the 20th Val is Ile, the 46th Glu is Lys, the 86th Leu is Val, and the 93rd An amino acid sequence in which Val is replaced with Thr, 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and 116th Val is
- the amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 The 9th Ser in the sequence is Pro, the 20th Val is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, the 46th Glu is Lys, and the 93rd Amino acid sequence in which al is replaced with Thr, 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and 116th Val is replaced with Leu (14)
- the 9th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is represented by Pro, the 20th An amino acid sequence in which Val is replaced with Ile, 38th Arg is replaced with Lys, 46th Glu is replaced with Lys, 86th Leu is replaced with Val, 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and 116th Val is replaced with Leu.
- the ninth Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Pro, the 20th Val is Ile, the 38th Arg is Lys, the 46th Glu is Lys, and the 93rd Val is An amino acid sequence (16) in which the 95th Tyr is substituted with Phe and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu, Thr, amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 71
- the 20th Val in the acid sequence is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, the 38th Arg is Lys, the 46th Glu is Lys, the 86th Leu is Val, and the 95th Tyr is Phe.
- amino acid sequence (17) in which 116th Val is substituted with Leu the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, and the 38th Arg is Lys.
- the 20th Val is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, the 46th Glu is Lys, the 86th Leu is Val, and the 93rd An amino acid sequence in which Val is replaced with Thr, 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and 116th Val is replaced with Leu (19)
- the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is represented by Ile, An amino acid sequence in which Arg is replaced by Lys, 46th Glu is replaced by Lys, 86th Leu is replaced by Val, 93rd Val is replaced by Thr, 95th Tyr is replaced by Phe, and 116th Val is replaced by Leu.
- amino acid sequence of VH into which six modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (7).
- the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the 38th Arg is Lys, the 46th Glu is Lys, the 93rd Val is Thr, and the 95th Tyr.
- the 9th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71, the 38th Arg in the Lys, and the 46th Glu in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 Is the amino acid sequence in which the 93rd Val is replaced with Thr, the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu.
- amino acid sequence of VH into which five modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (6).
- the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the 20th Val is Ile, the 46th Glu is Lys, the 95th Tyr is Phe, and the 116th The amino acid sequence in which Val is replaced with Leu
- the 9th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Pro
- the 20th Val is Ile
- the 46th Glu is Lys
- the 95th Tyr Amino acid sequence in which 116th Val is replaced with Leu
- the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the 30th Ser is Thr, and the 46th Glu Is an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71.
- amino acid sequences of VH into which four modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (10).
- amino acid sequence of VH into which three modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (35).
- amino acid sequences (1) to (35) An amino acid sequence in which the ninth Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is replaced with Pro, the 20th Val is replaced with Ile, and the 38th Arg is replaced with Lys (2) represented by SEQ ID NO: 71
- the 9th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Pro, the 38th Arg is Lys, and the 93rd Val is Thr.
- the 9th Ser is replaced with Pro
- the 38th Arg is replaced with Lys
- the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe
- the 9th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Pro, the 38th Arg is Lys, and the 116th Val is Leu.
- Substituted amino acid sequence 10
- the amino acid sequence (11) in which the ninth Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is substituted with Pro, the 46th Glu with Lys, and the 93rd Val with Thr The amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71, wherein the 9th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by number 71 is replaced with Pro, the 46th Glu is replaced with Lys, and the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe (12)
- the 9th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is replaced with Pro, 46th Glu is replaced with Lys, and 116th Val is replaced with Leu.
- amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 An amino acid sequence in which the 9th Ser in the acid sequence is replaced with Pro, the 93rd Val is replaced with Thr, and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu. (15) The 9th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 Is replaced with Pro, 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and 116th Val is replaced with Leu.
- the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is replaced with Ile, the 38th Arg In the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71, the 38th Arg in the Lys, and the 93rd in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71
- the amino acid sequence in which Val is replaced with Thr (18)
- the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is designated as Ile, the 38th A Amino acid sequence (19) in which g is replaced with Lys and 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe (19)
- the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile, the 38th Arg is Lys, and the 116th position
- Substituted amino acid sequence (23) Amino acid sequence (24) in which the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is replaced with Ile, the 93rd Val is replaced with Thr, and the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe
- the amino acid sequence in which the 20th Val is replaced with Ile, the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe, and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu 26)
- the 38th Arg in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is expressed as Lys.
- amino acid sequence (27) in which the 46th Glu is replaced with Lys and the 93rd Val is replaced with Thr is represented by SEQ ID NO: 71
- the 38th Arg is replaced with Lys
- the 46th Glu is replaced with Lys
- the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe (28).
- amino acid sequence of VH into which two modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (45).
- Second in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 In the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71, the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 was replaced with Ile, and the 30th Ser was replaced with Thr.
- the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is replaced with Ile, and the 30th position.
- the amino acid sequence (19) in which Ser is replaced with Thr The amino acid sequence (20) in which the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is replaced with Ile and the 38th Arg is replaced with Lys
- the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is represented by Ile.
- the amino acid sequence in which the 93rd Val is substituted with Thr (23) The amino acid sequence in which the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is substituted with Ile and the 95th Tyr with Phe (24) An amino acid sequence in which the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is replaced with Ile, and the 116th Val is replaced with Leu (25)
- the 30th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is The amino acid sequence in which Thr and the 38th Arg are substituted with Lys (26) The amino acid sequence in which the 30th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is substituted with Thr and the 46th Glu with Lys 27) The 30th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Thr, and the 86th Leu is Val.
- Substituted amino acid sequence (28) In the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71, the 30th Ser was replaced with Thr, and the 93rd Val was replaced with Thr (29) Amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71
- the amino acid sequence (30) in which the 30th Ser is replaced with Thr and the 95th Tyr is replaced with Phe is (30) the 30th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Thr, and the 116th Val is Amino acid sequence (31) substituted with Leu
- the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71, the 38th Arg in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71, and the amino acid sequence (32) represented by the 46th Glu substituted with Lys are represented by SEQ ID NO: 71
- the 86th Leu in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 was replaced with Val and the 93rd Val was replaced with Thr.
- the 86th Leu in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 and the 116th Val in the Leu are substituted with Val at the 86th Leu and Val at the 95th Tyr.
- amino acid sequence of VH into which one modification has been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (10).
- An amino acid sequence in which the second Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is substituted with Ile (2) An amino acid sequence in which the 9th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is substituted with Pro (3) Amino acid sequence in which the 20th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is replaced with Ile (4) Amino acid sequence in which the 30th Ser in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is replaced with Thr (5) An amino acid sequence in which the 38th Arg in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is substituted with Lys (6) An amino acid sequence in which the 46th Glu in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is substituted with Lys (7) Amino acid sequence obtained by substituting Val at 86th Leu in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 (8) Amino acid sequence obtained
- the following (1) and (2) are preferred for the VL contained in the humanized antibody of the present invention.
- the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Thr
- the 15th Val is Leu
- the 38th Gln is Arg
- the 43rd Ala is An amino acid sequence in which at least one modification selected from a modification in which the 44th Pro is replaced with Val, the 71st Phe is replaced with Tyr, and the 87th Tyr is replaced with Phe is introduced into Thr.
- amino acid sequence of the VL include an amino acid sequence into which the following 1 to 7 modifications are introduced.
- the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Thr
- the 15th Val is Leu
- the 38th is An amino acid sequence in which Gln is replaced by Arg, 43rd Ala is replaced by Thr, 44th Pro is replaced by Val, 71st Phe is replaced by Tyr, and 87th Tyr is replaced by Phe.
- amino acid sequence of VL into which six modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (7).
- amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 the 15th Val is Leu, the 38th Gln is Arg, the 43rd Ala is Thr, the 44th Pro is Val, and the 71st Phe Is replaced with Tyr, and the 87th Tyr is substituted with Phe.
- the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Thr, the 38th Gln is Arg, and the 43rd Ala Is replaced with Thr, 44th Pro is Val, 71st Phe is replaced with Tyr, and 87th Tyr is replaced with Phe (3)
- the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 To Thr, 15th Val to Leu, 43rd Ala to Thr, 44th Pro to Val, 71st Phe to Tyr, and 87th Amino acid sequence in which Tyr is substituted with Phe (4)
- the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Thr, the 15th Val is Leu, the 38th Gln is Arg, and the 44th Pro Is replaced with Val, 71st Phe is replaced with Tyr, and 87th Tyr is replaced with Phe.
- the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is replaced with Thr, and the 15th Val.
- the 8th Pro is Thr
- the 15th Val is Leu
- the 38th Gln is Arg
- the 43rd Ala is Thr
- the 44th In the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72
- the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Thr
- the 15th Val is Leu
- 38th position is an amino acid sequence in which Gln is substituted with Arg, 43rd Ala with Thr, 44th Pro with Val, and 71st Phe with Tyr
- amino acid sequence of VL into which five modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (21).
- the 38th Gln in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Arg, the 43rd Ala is Thr, the 44th Pro is Val, the 71st Phe is Tyr, and the 87th Amino acid sequence in which Tyr is replaced with Phe
- the 15th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Leu, the 43rd Ala is Thr, the 44th Pro is Val, and the 71st Phe Is replaced with Tyr, and the 87th Tyr is replaced with Phe.
- the 15th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Leu, the 38th Gln is Arg, and the 44th Pro Is the amino acid sequence in which Val is replaced, 71st Phe is replaced with Tyr, and 87th Tyr is replaced with Phe (4) in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72
- the 15th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by is replaced with Leu, the 38th Gln with Arg, the 43rd Ala with Thr, the 44th Pro with Val, and the 87th Tyr with Phe.
- Amino acid sequence (6) In the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72, the 15th Val is Leu, the 38th Gln is Arg, the 43rd Ala is Thr, the 44th Pro is Val, and 71 Amino acid sequence in which the th Phe is replaced with Tyr (7)
- the eighth Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Thr, the 43rd Al Is replaced with Thr, 44th Pro is Val, 71st Phe is replaced with Tyr, and 87th Tyr is replaced with Phe.
- the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 Is represented by the amino acid sequence (9) represented by SEQ ID NO: 72, wherein the 38th Gln is replaced with Arg, the 44th Pro is replaced with Val, the 71st Phe is replaced with Tyr, and the 87th Tyr is replaced with Phe.
- the 8th Pro is replaced with Thr, the 38th Gln is replaced with Arg, the 43rd Ala is replaced with Thr, the 71st Phe is replaced with Tyr, and the 87th Tyr is replaced with Phe (10 )
- the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Thr, the 38th Gln is Arg, the 43rd Ala is Thr, the 44th In the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72, the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is replaced by Thr, the 38th Gln is represented by Arg,
- the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is replaced with Thr, 15 The amino acid sequence in which the th Val is replaced with Leu, the 44 th Pro with Val, the 71 st Phe with Tyr, and the 87 th Tyr with Phe (13) 8 in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 Th Pro, Thr, 15th Val, Leu, 43rd Ala, Thr, 71st Phe, Tyr, and 87th Ty
- the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 the 8th Pro in Thr, the 15th Val in Leu, the 43rd Ala in Thr, and the 44th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72
- the 8th Pro in Thr, the 15th Val in Leu, and the 43rd Ala in Val In the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72, the 8th Pro in Thr, the 15th Val in Leu, and the 43rd Ala in Val, and the amino acid sequence represented by S
- the eighth Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Thr, and the 15th Val is Amino acid sequence (17) in which Leu is substituted with 38th Gln for Arg, 71st Phe for Tyr, and 87th Tyr for Phe
- the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by number 72 is Thr, the 15th Val is Leu, the 38th Gln is Arg, the 44th Pro is Val, and the 87th Tyr is Phe.
- amino acid sequence of VL into which four modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (4).
- An amino acid sequence in which the 15th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is replaced with Leu, the 44th Pro with Val, the 71st Phe with Tyr, and the 87th Tyr with Phe (2) An amino acid sequence in which the 15th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is replaced with Leu, the 43rd Ala with Thr, the 71st Phe with Tyr, and the 87th Tyr with Phe.
- amino acid sequence of VL into which three modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (13).
- the 8th amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 Amino acid sequence in which Pro in Thr, 71st Phe in Tyr, and 87th Tyr in Phe are substituted (4) 15th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 in Leu, 38th Amino acid sequence in which Gln is substituted with Arg and the 71st Phe is replaced with Tyr (5)
- the 15th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is L In u, the amino acid sequence (38) in which the 38th Gln is replaced with Arg and the 87th Tyr is replaced with Phe (6)
- the 15th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Leu, and the 43rd Ala is In the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72, the 15th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is replaced by Leu, the 43rd Ala is replaced by Thr, and the 87th Tyr is replaced by Thr and the 71st
- amino acid sequence of VL into which two modifications have been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (21).
- amino acid sequences (1) to (21). An amino acid sequence in which the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is replaced with Thr and the 15th Val is replaced with Leu (2) the 8th amino acid sequence in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 The amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 was replaced with Thr and the 43rd Ala was replaced with Thr.
- Amino acid sequence (4) Amino acid sequence in which the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is replaced with Thr and the 44th Pro in the Val is replaced with Val (5) in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 An amino acid sequence in which the 8th Pro is replaced with Thr and the 71st Phe is replaced with Tyr (6)
- the 8th Pr in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 Amino acid sequence in which Thr is substituted with Thr, and 87th Tyr is substituted with Phe (7)
- the 15th amino acid sequence in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 In the amino acid
- Amino acid sequence (11) The 15th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Leu, and the 87th Tyr is Ph.
- the amino acid sequence represented by (12) in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 The amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 in which the 38th Gln is substituted with Arg and the 43rd Ala is substituted with Thr
- the amino acid sequence (38) in which the 38th Gln in the sequence is substituted with Arg and the 44th Pro with Val is substituted with the 38th Gln in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 in Arg and the 71st Phe
- the amino acid sequence (15) in which is substituted with Tyr The amino acid sequence (16) in which the 38th Gln in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is substituted with Arg and the 87th Tyr is substituted with Phe (SEQ ID NO: 72) Amino acid sequence (43) wherein the 43rd Ala in the amino acid sequence is
- amino acid sequence of VL into which one modification has been introduced include the following amino acid sequences (1) to (7).
- An amino acid sequence in which the 8th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is substituted with Thr (2) An amino acid sequence in which the 15th Val in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is substituted with Leu (3) Amino acid sequence in which the 38th Gln in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is substituted with Arg (4) Amino acid sequence in which the 43rd Ala in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is substituted with Thr (5) Amino acid sequence in which the 44th Pro in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is substituted with Val (6) Amino acid sequence in which the 71st Phe in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is substituted with Tyr (7) An amino acid sequence in which the 87th Tyr in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is substituted with Phe
- humanized antibody of the present invention include the following antibodies (1) to (10).
- a humanized antibody comprising at least one of VH of an antibody comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 and VL of an antibody comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 (2) represented by SEQ ID NO: 76
- a humanized antibody comprising at least one of VH of an antibody comprising an amino acid sequence and VL of an antibody comprising an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 (3) VH of an antibody comprising an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 78 and A humanized antibody comprising at least one of VL of an antibody comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 (4) VH of an antibody comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 80 and the amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 72
- a humanized antibody comprising a VH of an antibody comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 76 and a VL of an antibody comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 84, and an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 82
- a humanized antibody comprising the VH of the antibody comprising and the VL of the antibody comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 84 is preferred.
- a human antibody originally refers to an antibody naturally present in the human body, but a human antibody phage library and a human antibody-producing transgene produced by recent advances in genetic engineering, cell engineering, and developmental engineering. Antibodies obtained from a transgenic animal are also included in the human antibody of the present invention.
- the antibody naturally present in the human body can be cultured by, for example, isolating human peripheral blood lymphocytes, infecting and immortalizing EB virus, etc., and cloning the lymphocytes that produce the antibody.
- the antibody can be further purified.
- the human antibody phage library is a library in which antibody fragments such as Fab and scFv are expressed on the phage surface by inserting antibody genes prepared from human B cells into the phage genes.
- phages expressing an antibody fragment having a desired antigen-binding activity on the surface can be recovered using the binding activity to the substrate on which the antigen is immobilized as an index.
- the antibody fragment can be further converted into a human antibody molecule comprising two complete heavy chains and two complete light chains by genetic engineering techniques.
- a human antibody-producing transgenic animal means an animal in which a human antibody gene is incorporated into cells.
- a human antibody-producing transgenic mouse can be produced by introducing a human antibody gene into a mouse ES cell, transplanting the ES cell into an early mouse embryo, and generating it.
- human antibody-producing hybridomas are obtained and cultured using normal hybridoma production methods performed in non-human animals to produce human antibodies in the culture supernatant. It can be produced by accumulating.
- Monoclonal antibody or antibody having one or more amino acids deleted, added, substituted or inserted in the above-described monoclonal antibody or amino acid sequence constituting the antibody fragment, and having the same activity as the antibody or antibody fragment described above Fragments are also encompassed by the monoclonal antibodies or antibody fragments of the present invention.
- the number of amino acids to be deleted, substituted, inserted and / or added is one or more, and the number is not particularly limited, but site-specific mutagenesis [Molecular Cloning, 2nd Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989), Current protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons (1987-1997), Nucleic Acids Research, 10, 6487 (1982), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 79, 6409 (1982), Gene, 34, 315 (1985), Nucleic Acids Research, 13, 4431 (1985), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA, 82, 488 (1985)], etc., and the number that can be deleted, substituted, or added.
- the number is 1 to several tens, preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10, and still more preferably 1 to 5.
- deletion, substitution, insertion or addition of one or more amino acid residues in the amino acid sequence of the above antibody indicates the following. That is, it means that there is a deletion, substitution, insertion or addition of one or a plurality of amino acid residues in any one and a plurality of amino acid sequences in the same sequence.
- deletion, substitution, insertion or addition may occur simultaneously, and the amino acid residue to be substituted, inserted or added may be either a natural type or a non-natural type.
- natural amino acid residues include L-alanine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, L-glutamic acid, glycine, L-histidine, L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-lysine, L -Methionine, L-phenylalanine, L-proline, L-serine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, L-valine and L-cysteine.
- amino acid residues contained in the same group can be substituted for each other.
- Group A leucine, isoleucine, norleucine, valine, norvaline, alanine, 2-aminobutanoic acid, methionine, O-methylserine, t-butylglycine, t-butylalanine, cyclohexylalanine
- Group B aspartic acid, glutamic acid, isoaspartic acid, Isoglutamic acid, 2-aminoadipic acid, 2-aminosuberic acid
- Group C asparagine, glutamine
- D lysine, arginine, ornithine, 2,4-diaminobutanoic acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid
- Group E proline, 3 -Hydroxyproline, 4-hydroxyproline
- Group F serine, threonine, homoserine
- antibody fragments include, for example, peptides including Fab, F (ab ′) 2 , Fab ′, scFv, diabody, dsFv and CDR.
- Fab is a fragment obtained by treating IgG with papain, a proteolytic enzyme (cleaved at the 224th amino acid residue of the H chain), about half of the N chain side of the H chain and the entire L chain are disulfides. It is an antibody fragment having an antigen binding activity with a molecular weight of about 50,000 bound by binding.
- the Fab of the present invention can be obtained by specifically recognizing the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 and treating the monoclonal antibody that binds to the extracellular region with papain.
- a Fab can be produced by inserting DNA encoding an antibody Fab into a prokaryotic expression vector or eukaryotic expression vector and introducing the vector into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic organism to express the antibody. .
- F (ab ′) 2 was obtained by decomposing the lower part of two disulfide bonds in the hinge region of IgG with pepsin, a proteolytic enzyme, and was constructed by combining two Fab regions at the hinge portion. It is a fragment having an antigen binding activity with a molecular weight of about 100,000.
- F (ab ′) 2 of the present invention can be obtained by specifically recognizing the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 and treating the monoclonal antibody that binds to the extracellular region with pepsin.
- Fab ′ described below can be prepared by thioether bond or disulfide bond.
- Fab ′ is an antibody fragment having an antigen binding activity of about 50,000 molecular weight obtained by cleaving the disulfide bond in the hinge region of F (ab ′) 2 .
- the Fab ′ of the present invention specifically recognizes the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of the ASCT2 of the present invention and treats F (ab ′) 2 bound to the extracellular region with a reducing agent such as dithiothreitol. Can be obtained.
- DNA encoding the Fab ′ fragment of the antibody is inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector or eukaryotic expression vector, and the vector is introduced into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells to express Fab ′. You can also
- scFv is a VH-P-VL or VL-P-VH polypeptide in which one VH and one VL are linked using an appropriate peptide linker (hereinafter referred to as P), and has antigen-binding activity.
- the scFv of the present invention specifically recognizes the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of the ASCT2 of the present invention, obtains cDNA encoding the VH and VL of the monoclonal antibody that binds to the extracellular region, and encodes the scFv It can be produced by constructing DNA, inserting the DNA into a prokaryotic expression vector or eukaryotic expression vector, and introducing the expression vector into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic organism.
- Diabody is an antibody fragment obtained by dimerizing scFv and is an antibody fragment having a bivalent antigen-binding activity.
- the bivalent antigen binding activity can be the same, or one can be a different antigen binding activity.
- the diabody of the present invention specifically recognizes the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of the ASCT2 of the present invention, obtains cDNAs encoding VH and VL of monoclonal antibodies that bind to the extracellular region, and encodes scFv
- the DNA is constructed so that the length of the amino acid sequence of the peptide linker is 8 residues or less, the DNA is inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector or eukaryotic expression vector, and the expression vector is inserted into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic vector. It can be expressed and produced by introduction into a living organism.
- DsFv refers to a polypeptide in which one amino acid residue in each of VH and VL is substituted with a cysteine residue and bonded via a disulfide bond between the cysteine residues.
- the amino acid residue to be substituted for the cysteine residue can be selected based on the three-dimensional structure prediction of the antibody according to a known method [Protein Engineering, 7, 697 (1994)].
- the dsFv of the present invention specifically recognizes the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of the ASCT2 of the present invention, obtains cDNA encoding the VH and VL of the monoclonal antibody that binds to the extracellular region, and encodes the dsFv It can be produced by constructing DNA, inserting the DNA into a prokaryotic expression vector or eukaryotic expression vector, and introducing the expression vector into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic organism.
- the peptide containing CDR is configured to contain at least one region of CDR of VH or VL.
- Peptides containing multiple CDRs can be linked directly or via a suitable peptide linker.
- the peptide containing the CDR of the present invention specifically recognizes the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of the ASCT2 of the present invention and constructs DNA encoding the CDRs of the VH and VL of the monoclonal antibody that binds to the extracellular region.
- the DNA can be expressed and produced by inserting the DNA into a prokaryotic expression vector or a eukaryotic expression vector, and introducing the expression vector into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic organism.
- the peptide containing CDR can also be manufactured by chemical synthesis methods, such as Fmoc method or tBoc method.
- the monoclonal antibody of the present invention specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 of the present invention and binds to the extracellular region with a radioactive isotope or low molecular weight antibody. It includes a derivative of an antibody obtained by chemically or genetically linking a drug, a high-molecular drug, a protein, or an antibody drug.
- the derivative of the antibody in the present invention specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 of the present invention and binds to the extracellular region of the monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment H chain or L chain. N-terminal side or C-terminal side, appropriate substituents or side chains in the antibody or the antibody fragment, and also sugar chains in the monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment, etc. It can be produced by combining a drug, an immunostimulant, a protein, an antibody drug or the like by a chemical method [Introduction to Antibody Engineering, Jinjinshokan (1994)].
- the derivative of the antibody in the present invention specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 of the present invention and encodes a monoclonal antibody or antibody fragment that binds to the extracellular region; It can be produced by a genetic engineering technique in which a DNA encoding a protein or antibody drug to be bound is ligated and inserted into an expression vector, the expression vector is introduced into an appropriate host cell and expressed.
- radioisotope examples include 131 I, 125 I, 90 Y, 64 Cu, 199 Tc, 77 Lu, and 211 At.
- the radioisotope can be directly bound to the antibody by the chloramine T method or the like. Further, a substance that chelates a radioisotope may be bound to the antibody.
- chelating agent examples include 1-isothiocyanate benzyl-3-methyldiethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (MX-DTPA).
- low molecular weight drugs examples include alkylating agents, nitrosourea agents, antimetabolites, antibiotics, plant alkaloids, topoisomerase inhibitors, hormone therapy agents, hormone antagonists, aromatase inhibitors, P glycoprotein inhibitors, platinum Anticancer agents such as complex derivatives, M-phase inhibitors, or kinase inhibitors [Clinical Oncology, Cancer and Chemotherapy (1996)], or steroidal agents such as hydrocortisone and prednisone, non-steroidal agents such as aspirin and indomethacin, gold Anti-inflammatory agents such as thiomalate, penicillamine and other immunomodulators, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine and other immunosuppressive agents, chlorpheniramine maleate, or antihistamines such as clemacitine [Inflammation and anti-inflammatory therapy, Medical & Dental Publishing Co., Ltd. Company (1982)].
- steroidal agents such as hydrocortisone and prednisone
- anticancer agents include amifostine (ethiol), cisplatin, dacarbazine (DTIC), dactinomycin, mechlorethamine (nitrogen mustard), streptozocin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, carmustine (BCNU), lomustine (CCNU), doxorubicin (Adriamycin), epirubicin, gemcitabine (gemzar), daunorubicin, procarbazine, mitomycin, cytarabine, etoposide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, fluorouracil, vinblastine, vincristine, bleomycin, daunomycin, pepromycin, estramustine, paclitaxel, paclitaxel, paclitaxel Taxotea), aldesleukin, asparaginase, buoy Ruphan, carboplatin, oxaliplatin, nedaplatin, cladribine
- Examples of a method for binding a low molecular weight drug and an antibody include, for example, a method of binding a drug and an amino group of an antibody via glutaraldehyde, or a drug amino group and an antibody carboxyl group via a water-soluble carbodiimide. And the like.
- polymer drug examples include polyethylene glycol (hereinafter referred to as PEG), albumin, dextran, polyoxyethylene, styrene maleic acid copolymer, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, pyran copolymer, and hydroxypropyl methacrylamide.
- Examples of a method for binding PEG to an antibody include a method of reacting with a PEGylation modifying reagent [Bioconjugate pharmaceutical, Yodogawa Shoten (1993)].
- PEGylation modifying reagent examples include a modifying agent for ⁇ -amino group of lysine (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-178926), a modifying agent for carboxyl group of aspartic acid and glutamic acid (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Sho 56). No. -23587), or a modifier for guanidino group of arginine (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-117920).
- the immunostimulant may be a natural product known as an immunoadjuvant, and specific examples include ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3) glucan (lentinan, schizophyllan), or ⁇ galactosylceramide (KRN7000). Etc.
- proteins include cytokines or growth factors that activate immunocompetent cells such as NK cells, macrophages, and neutrophils, and toxin proteins.
- cytokines or growth factors examples include interferon (hereinafter referred to as INF) - ⁇ , INF- ⁇ , INF- ⁇ , interleukin (hereinafter referred to as IL) -2, IL-12, IL-15, IL- 18, IL-21, IL-23, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte / macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and the like.
- toxin protein examples include ricin, diphtheria toxin, ONTAK, and the like, and also include protein toxins in which mutations are introduced into the protein to control toxicity.
- Examples of the antibody drug include an antigen against which apoptosis is induced by antibody binding, an antigen associated with tumor pathogenesis or an antigen that regulates immune function, and an antibody against an antigen involved in angiogenesis of a lesion site.
- antigens whose apoptosis is induced by antibody binding include, for example, Cluster of differentiation (hereinafter referred to as CD) 19, CD20, CD21, CD22, CD23, CD24, CD37, CD53, CD72, CD73, CD74, CDw75, CDw76, CD77, CDw78, CD79a, CD79b, CD80 (B7.1), CD81, CD82, CD83, CDw84, CD85, CD86 (B7.2), human leukocyte antigen (HLA) -Class II, or Epidemial GrowthFactor EGFR) and the like.
- CD Cluster of differentiation
- antigens involved in tumor pathogenesis or antibodies that regulate immune functions include CD4, CD40, CD40 ligand, B7 family molecules (CD80, CD86, CD274, B7-DC, B7-H2, B7-H3, Or B7-H4), a ligand of a B7 family molecule (CD28, CTLA-4, ICOS, PD-1, or BTLA), OX-40, OX-40 ligand, CD137, a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family molecule ( DR4, DR5, TNFR1, or TNFR2), TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor (TRAIL) family molecule, TRAIL family molecule receptor family (TRAIL-R1, RAIL-R2, TRAIL-R3, or TRAIL-R4), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANK), RANK ligand, CD25, folate receptor 4, cytokine [IL-1 ⁇ , IL-1 ⁇ , IL-4, IL
- antigens for antibodies that inhibit angiogenesis of a lesion site include, for example, vascular electrical growth factor (VEGF), anangiopoietin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), EGF, and platelet-derived GF. IGF), erythropoietin (EPO), TGF ⁇ , IL-8, Ephilin, SDF-1, or a receptor thereof.
- VEGF vascular electrical growth factor
- FGF fibroblast growth factor
- EGF fibroblast growth factor
- IGF erythropoietin
- TGF ⁇ IL-8
- Ephilin Ephilin
- SDF-1 or a receptor thereof.
- a fusion antibody with a protein or an antibody drug comprises linking a cDNA encoding a protein to a cDNA encoding a monoclonal antibody or antibody fragment, constructing a DNA encoding the fusion antibody, and expressing the DNA for prokaryote or eukaryote It is inserted into a vector and expressed by introducing the expression vector into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic organism to produce a fusion antibody.
- the derivative of the antibody When used as a detection method, a quantification method, a detection reagent, a quantification reagent or a diagnostic agent, it specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 of the present invention, and the cell Examples of the agent that binds to the monoclonal antibody that binds to the outer region or the antibody fragment include labels used in ordinary immunological detection or measurement methods.
- Examples of the label include enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase and luciferase, luminescent materials such as acridinium ester and lophine, and fluorescent materials such as fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (RITC). It is done.
- enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase and luciferase
- luminescent materials such as acridinium ester and lophine
- fluorescent materials such as fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (RITC). It is done.
- the present invention also includes a monoclonal antibody that inhibits intracellular uptake of amino acids by ASCT2 and the antibody fragment.
- Examples of a method for evaluating the activity of the antibody of the present invention or the antibody fragment to inhibit intracellular uptake of amino acids by ASCT2 include, for example, reacting an antibody or the antibody fragment with normal cells or cancer cells expressing ASCT2. And a method for evaluating the inhibition of glutamine-dependent growth using a reagent for measuring the number of living cells [J. Surgical Research, 90, 149 (2000)] and normal cells or cancer cells expressing ASCT2 are reacted with an antibody or the antibody fragment to inhibit the uptake of amino acids such as alanine labeled with a radioactive substance. , Evaluation method using a device such as a scintillation counter [J. Biol. Chem. , 271, 14883 (1996)].
- the present invention includes a monoclonal antibody having cytotoxic activity such as complement-binding cytotoxicity (CDC) activity or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity, and the antibody fragment.
- cytotoxic activity such as complement-binding cytotoxicity (CDC) activity or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity
- ADCC antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
- the CDC activity or ADCC activity of the antibody of the present invention or the antibody fragment thereof against an antigen-positive cultured cell line can be measured by a known measurement method [Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 36, 373 (1993)].
- the present invention includes a monoclonal antibody having apoptosis-inducing activity and the antibody fragment.
- the present invention also includes a monoclonal antibody that does not bind to mouse ASCT2 and binds to human ASCT2, and the antibody fragment.
- the present invention includes a monoclonal antibody that binds to at least the EL2 region of the extracellular region of human ASCT2 and the antibody fragment.
- a monoclonal antibody that binds to at least one amino acid selected from amino acids 214 to 223 and the antibody fragment are included.
- a known epitope analysis method can be used as a method for evaluating the binding specificity of the antibody of the present invention or the antibody fragment. For example, it can be evaluated by measuring the binding activity to human / mouse chimeric ASCT2 in which an appropriate position is substituted with the mouse ASCT2 sequence according to the amino acid sequence information.
- the present invention also relates to treatment of a disease involving ASCT2 that specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 and contains a monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment that binds to the extracellular region as an active ingredient.
- a disease involving ASCT2 that specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 and contains a monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment that binds to the extracellular region as an active ingredient.
- drugs are examples of drugs.
- the disease involving ASCT2 may be any disease involving cells expressing ASCT2, and examples thereof include cancer.
- cancer examples include blood cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, colon cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, kidney cancer, rectal cancer, thyroid cancer, cervical cancer, small intestine cancer, prostate cancer and pancreatic cancer. Can be mentioned. Among these, blood cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer and prostate cancer are preferable.
- Examples of blood cancer include myeloid leukemia, lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma, Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention contains the above-described monoclonal antibody of the present invention or the antibody fragment as an active ingredient.
- the therapeutic agent containing the antibody or the antibody fragment or derivative thereof of the present invention may contain only the antibody or the antibody fragment or derivative thereof as an active ingredient. Usually, it is preferably provided as a pharmaceutical preparation produced by any method known in the technical field of pharmaceutics by mixing with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
- the most effective route for treatment includes oral administration and parenteral administration such as buccal, airway, rectal, subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous. Of these, intravenous administration is preferred.
- administration forms include sprays, capsules, tablets, powders, granules, syrups, emulsions, suppositories, injections, ointments, and tapes.
- the dose or frequency of administration varies depending on the intended therapeutic effect, administration method, treatment period, age, body weight, etc., but is usually 10 ⁇ g / kg to 8 mg / kg per day for an adult.
- the present invention relates to a method for immunological detection or measurement of ASCT2 using a monoclonal antibody or an antibody fragment that specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 and binds to the extracellular region, ASCT2
- the present invention relates to a method for immunological detection or measurement of cells in which is expressed.
- the present invention also provides an immunological detection of ASCT2 that specifically recognizes a natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of ASCT2 and contains a monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment that binds to the extracellular region as an active ingredient.
- the present invention relates to a diagnostic reagent for diseases relating to urine or measurement and ASCT2.
- any known method may be used as a method for detecting or measuring the amount of ASCT2. Examples include immunological detection and measurement methods.
- the immunological detection or measurement method is a method of detecting or measuring the amount of antibody or the amount of antigen using a labeled antigen or antibody.
- immunological detection or measurement methods include radiolabeled immunoassay (RIA), enzyme immunoassay (EIA or ELISA), fluorescence immunoassay (FIA), luminescence immunoassay (Western immunoassay), Western Examples include blotting and physicochemical techniques.
- the above-mentioned diseases associated with ASCT2 can be diagnosed.
- a known immunological detection method can be used to detect cells expressing ASCT2.
- immunological detection method for example, immunoprecipitation method, fluorescent cell staining method, immunohistochemical staining method, immunohistological staining method and the like are preferably used.
- fluorescent antibody staining methods such as FMAT8100HTS system (Applied Biosystems) can also be used.
- the biological sample to be detected or measured for ASCT2 may include cells expressing ASCT2, such as tissue cells, blood, plasma, serum, pancreatic juice, urine, feces, tissue fluid, and culture fluid. There is no particular limitation as long as it is.
- the diagnostic agent containing the monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment or derivative thereof of the present invention may contain a reagent for performing an antigen-antibody reaction and a reagent for detecting the reaction, depending on the target diagnostic method.
- Examples of the reagent for performing the antigen-antibody reaction include a buffer and a salt.
- Examples of the reagent for detection include reagents used in usual immunological detection or measurement methods such as the monoclonal antibody and the antibody fragment, a labeled secondary antibody that recognizes these derivatives, and a substrate corresponding to the label. Is mentioned.
- the antibody production method, disease treatment method, and disease diagnosis method of the present invention will be specifically described below.
- ASCT2 or ASCT2 used as an antigen is expressed as an expression vector containing cDNA encoding ASCT2 full length or a partial length thereof, E. coli, yeast, insect cells, or animal cells. It is possible to obtain it by introducing it.
- ASCT2 can be purified and obtained from cultured human tumor cells, human tissues, etc. that express a large amount of ASCT2. Further, the cultured tumor cells or the tissue can be used as an antigen as it is.
- a synthetic peptide having a partial sequence of ASCT2 can be prepared by a chemical synthesis method such as Fmoc method and tBoc method, and used as an antigen.
- ASCT2 used in the present invention is described in Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989), Current Protocols In 1977, Current Protocols InMoleculars, etc.
- DNA encoding the ASCT2 can be expressed in a host cell and produced by the following method.
- a recombinant vector is prepared by inserting a full-length cDNA containing a portion encoding ASCT2 downstream of a promoter of an appropriate expression vector.
- a DNA fragment of an appropriate length containing a polypeptide-encoding portion prepared based on the full-length cDNA may be used.
- a transformant producing ASCT2 can be obtained by introducing the obtained recombinant vector into a host cell suitable for the expression vector.
- Any expression vector may be used as long as it contains an appropriate promoter at a position where it can be autonomously replicated in a host cell to be used or integrated into a chromosome and can transcribe DNA encoding ASCT2. it can.
- any microorganism that belongs to the genus Escherichia such as Escherichia coli, yeast, insect cells, or animal cells can be used so long as it can express the target gene.
- the recombinant vector is capable of autonomous replication in a prokaryote, and at the same time, contains a promoter, a ribosome binding sequence, DNA containing a portion encoding ASCT2, and a transcription termination sequence. It is preferable that it is a vector containing.
- the transcription termination sequence is not necessarily required for the recombinant vector, it is preferable to arrange the transcription termination sequence immediately below the structural gene.
- the recombinant vector may contain a gene that controls the promoter.
- a plasmid in which the distance between the Shine-Dalgarno sequence, which is a ribosome binding sequence, and the start codon is adjusted to an appropriate distance is preferably used.
- the base sequence of the DNA encoding ASCT2 can be substituted so that the codon is optimal for expression in the host, thereby improving the production rate of the target ASCT2. .
- Any expression vector can be used as long as it can function in the host cell to be used.
- pBTrp2, pBTac1, pBTac2 above, Roche Diagnostics
- pKK233-2 Pharmacia
- pSE280 Invitrogen
- pGEMEX-1 Promega
- pQE-8 Qiagen
- PKYP10 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-110600
- pKYP200 [Agricultural Biological Chemistry, 48, 669 (1984)]
- pLSA1 Agric. Biol. Chem. , 53, 277 (1989)]
- pGEL1 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
- any promoter can be used as long as it can function in the host cell to be used.
- promoters derived from Escherichia coli or phage such as trp promoter (Ptrp), lac promoter, PL promoter, PR promoter and T7 promoter, can be mentioned.
- artificially modified promoters such as a tandem promoter, tac promoter, lacT7 promoter, or let I promoter in which two Ptrps are connected in series can also be used.
- Examples of host cells include E. coli XL1-Blue, E. coli XL2-Blue, E. coli DH1, E. coli MC1000, E. coli KY3276, E. coli W1485, E. coli JM109, E. coli HB101, E. coli No. 49, E. coli W3110, E. coli NY49, E. coli DH5 ⁇ and the like.
- Any method can be used for introducing a recombinant vector into a host cell as long as it is a method for introducing DNA into the host cell to be used.
- a method using calcium ions Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 69, 2110 (1972), Gene, 17, 107 (1982), Molecular & General Genetics, 168, 111 (1979)].
- any expression vector can be used as long as it can function in animal cells.
- CMV cytomegalovirus
- IE immediate early gene promoter
- SV40 early promoter SV40 early promoter
- retrovirus promoter metallothionein promoter
- heat shock promoter SR ⁇ promoter
- Moloney murine leukemia virus promoter and enhancer Moloney murine leukemia virus promoter and enhancer.
- an enhancer of human CMV IE gene may be used together with a promoter.
- Examples of the host cell include Namalwa cells that are human cells, COS cells that are monkey cells, CHO cells that are Chinese hamster cells, and HBT5637 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-000299). .
- any method for introducing a recombinant vector into a host cell any method can be used as long as it introduces DNA into animal cells.
- electroporation method [Cytotechnology, 3, 133 (1990)]
- calcium phosphate method Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-227075
- lipofection method Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 84, 7413 (1987)].
- a microorganism having a recombinant vector incorporating the DNA encoding ASCT2 obtained as described above, or a transformant derived from an animal cell or the like is cultured in a medium, and the ASCT2 is produced and accumulated in the culture. By collecting from the culture, ASCT2 can be produced.
- the method of culturing the transformant in a medium can be performed according to a usual method used for culturing a host.
- ASCT2 When expressed in cells derived from eukaryotes, ASCT2 with an added sugar or sugar chain can be obtained.
- an inducer may be added to the medium as necessary.
- an inducer may be added to the medium as necessary.
- isopropyl- ⁇ -D-thiogalactopyranoside or the like may be added to the medium.
- indoleacrylic acid or the like may be added to the medium.
- Examples of a medium for culturing a transformant obtained using an animal cell as a host include a commonly used RPMI 1640 medium [The Journal of the American Medical Association, 199, 519 (1967)], Eagle's MEM medium [Science]. , 122, 501 (1952)], Dulbecco's modified MEM medium [Virology, 8, 396 (1959)] and 199 medium [Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. , 73, 1 (1950)], Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium (IMDM) medium, and media obtained by adding fetal bovine serum (FBS) or the like to these mediums.
- RPMI 1640 medium The Journal of the American Medical Association, 199, 519 (1967)]
- Eagle's MEM medium Science].
- 122, 501 (1952) Dulbecco's modified MEM medium
- FBS fetal bovine serum
- the culture is usually carried out for 1 to 7 days under conditions such as pH 6 to 8, 30 to 40 ° C., and 5% CO 2 .
- ASCT2 As the production method of ASCT2, for example, there are a method of producing in the host cell, a method of secreting it outside the host cell, or a method of producing it on the host cell outer membrane. By changing the host cell to be used or the structure of ASCT2 to be produced, an appropriate method can be selected.
- the production amount of ASCT2 can be increased by using a gene amplification system using a dihydrofolate reductase gene or the like (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-227075).
- the obtained ASCT2 can be isolated and purified as follows, for example.
- ASCT2 When ASCT2 is expressed in a dissolved state in cells, the cells are collected by centrifugation after culturing, suspended in an aqueous buffer, and then used with an ultrasonic crusher, French press, Manton Gaurin homogenizer, or dynomill. The cells are disrupted to obtain a cell-free extract.
- a purified sample can be obtained using a normal protein isolation and purification method.
- isolation and purification methods include solvent extraction methods, salting out methods using ammonium sulfate, desalting methods, precipitation methods using organic solvents, diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) -sepharose, DIAION HPA-75 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), etc.
- Anion exchange chromatography using a resin cation exchange chromatography using a resin such as S-Sepharose FF (Pharmacia), hydrophobic chromatography using a resin such as butyl sepharose and phenyl sepharose, Examples thereof include gel filtration using a molecular sieve, affinity chromatography, chromatofocusing, and electrophoresis such as isoelectric focusing. These techniques may be used alone or in combination.
- ASCT2 When ASCT2 is expressed by forming an insoluble substance in the cell, the cell is collected and then disrupted in the same manner as described above, and centrifuged to collect the insoluble substance of ASCT2 as a precipitate fraction.
- the recovered insoluble matter of ASCT2 is solubilized with a protein denaturant.
- the ASCT2 is returned to a normal three-dimensional structure, and then a purified product of the polypeptide can be obtained by the same isolation and purification method as described above.
- the derivative such as ASCT2 or its sugar-modified product can be recovered in the culture supernatant.
- a soluble fraction can be obtained by treating the culture by a method such as centrifugation as described above, and a purified preparation can be obtained from the soluble fraction by using the same isolation and purification method as described above. it can.
- ASCT2 used in the present invention can also be produced by a chemical synthesis method such as the Fmoc method or the tBoc method.
- chemical synthesis using peptide synthesizers such as Advanced Chemtech, Perkin Elmer, Pharmacia, Protein Technology Instrument, Synthecel-Vega, Perceptive, or Shimadzu It can also be synthesized.
- Immunization is performed by administering the antigen subcutaneously, intravenously or intraperitoneally to the animal together with an appropriate adjuvant such as Freund's complete adjuvant or aluminum hydroxide gel and pertussis vaccine.
- adjuvant such as Freund's complete adjuvant or aluminum hydroxide gel and pertussis vaccine.
- the antigen is a partial peptide
- a conjugate with a carrier protein such as BSA (bovine serum albumin) or KLH (Keyhole limpet hemocyanin) is prepared and used as an immunogen.
- BSA bovine serum albumin
- KLH Keyhole limpet hemocyanin
- the antigen is administered 5 to 10 times every 1 to 2 weeks after the first administration. Three to seven days after each administration, blood is collected from the fundus venous plexus, and the antibody titer of the serum is measured using an enzyme immunoassay [Antibodies-A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (1988)]. An animal whose serum shows a sufficient antibody titer against the antigen used for immunization is used as a source of antibody producing cells for fusion.
- tissues containing antibody-producing cells such as the spleen are removed from the immunized animal, and antibody-producing cells are collected.
- the spleen is shredded and loosened, and then centrifuged, and the erythrocytes are removed to obtain antibody producing cells for fusion.
- myeloma cells As myeloma cells, cell lines obtained from mice are used. Examples of the established cell line include 8-azaguanine-resistant mouse (BALB / c-derived) myeloma cell line P3-X63Ag8-U1 (P3-U1) [Current Topics in Immunology and Immunology, 18, 1 (1978)], P3-NS1 / 1-Ag41 (NS-1) [European J. et al. Immunology, 6,511 (1976)], SP2 / 0-Ag14 (SP-2) [Nature, 276,269 (1978)], P3-X63-Ag8653 (653) [J. Immunology, 123, 1548 (1979)] and P3-X63-Ag8 (X63) [Nature, 256, 495 (1975)].
- P3-X63Ag8-U1 P3-X63Ag8-U1
- P3-U1 8-azaguanine-resistant mouse
- the myeloma cells are passaged in normal medium [RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with glutamine, 2-mercaptoethanol, gentamicin, FBS, and 8-azaguanine], and passaged to normal medium 3-4 days before cell fusion. On the day of fusion, secure a cell count of 2 ⁇ 10 7 or more.
- HAT medium normal medium supplemented with hypoxanthine, thymidine, and aminopterin
- a part of the culture supernatant is extracted, and a cell group that reacts with an antigen containing ASCT2 and does not react with an antigen not containing ASCT2 is selected by a hybridoma selection method such as a binding assay described later.
- cloning was repeated twice by the limiting dilution method (first time was HT medium (medium obtained by removing aminopterin from HAT medium), second time normal medium was used), and a stable and strong antibody titer was observed.
- One is selected as a monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma.
- the hybridoma becomes ascites tumor in 10-21 days. Ascites was collected from this mouse, centrifuged to remove solids, salted out with 40-50% ammonium sulfate, and purified by caprylic acid precipitation, DEAE-Sepharose column, Protein A-column or gel filtration column. The IgG or IgM fraction is collected and used as a purified monoclonal antibody.
- the supernatant is removed by centrifugation, and the hybridoma is suspended in a Hybridoma SFM medium supplemented with 5% Digo GF21. Incubate for 3-7 days.
- the obtained cell suspension is centrifuged, and purified using a protein A-column or protein G-column from the resulting supernatant, and the IgG fraction is collected to obtain a purified monoclonal antibody.
- the subclass of the antibody is determined by an enzyme immunoassay using a subcluster epiting kit. The amount of protein is calculated from the Raleigh method and absorbance at 280 nm. (6) Selection of monoclonal antibody The monoclonal antibody is selected by a binding assay by the enzyme immunoassay shown below and an intracellular uptake inhibition assay of amino acids.
- (6-a) Binding assay As an antigen, a gene-introduced cell or a recombinant obtained by introducing an expression vector containing cDNA encoding ASCT2 obtained in (1) into Escherichia coli, yeast, insect cells, or animal cells. Proteins or purified polypeptides or partial peptides obtained from human tissues are used. When the antigen is a partial peptide, a conjugate with a carrier protein such as BSA or KLH is prepared and used.
- a carrier protein such as BSA or KLH
- a test substance such as serum, hybridoma culture supernatant or purified monoclonal antibody is dispensed as the first antibody and allowed to react.
- an anti-immunoglobulin antibody labeled with biotin, an enzyme, a chemiluminescent substance, a radiation compound or the like is dispensed and reacted as a second antibody.
- a reaction is performed according to the labeling substance of the second antibody, and a monoclonal antibody that specifically reacts with the immunogen is selected.
- (6-b) Intracellular uptake inhibition assay of amino acids As an evaluation cell, a gene-transferred cell obtained by introducing the expression vector containing cDNA encoding ASCT2 obtained in (1) into an animal cell or the like, or expressing ASCT2 Normal cells or cancer cells are used.
- Examples of a method for evaluating the inhibitory activity of the monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment of the present invention on intracellular uptake of amino acids by ASCT2 include, for example, reacting a monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment with normal cells or cancer cells expressing ASCT2. And a method for evaluating inhibition of glutamine-dependent growth using a reagent for measuring the number of living cells [J. Surgical Research, 90, 149 (2000)], and normal cells or cancer cells expressing ASCT2 react with a monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment to inhibit the uptake of amino acids such as alanine labeled with a radioactive substance. Is evaluated using a device such as a scintillation counter [J. Biol. Chem. , 271, 14883 (1996)].
- a recombinant antibody expression vector is an animal cell expression vector in which DNAs encoding human antibodies CH and CL are incorporated, and the animal cell expression vector is human. It can be constructed by cloning DNAs encoding antibody CH and CL, respectively.
- Any human antibody CH and CL can be used for the C region of a human antibody.
- ⁇ 1 subclass CH and ⁇ class CL of human antibodies are used.
- cDNA is used for DNA encoding CH and CL of human antibodies, chromosomal DNA consisting of exons and introns can also be used.
- Any expression vector for animal cells can be used as long as it can incorporate and express a gene encoding the C region of a human antibody.
- pAGE107 [Cytotechnol. , 3, 133 (1990)]
- pAGE103 [J. Biochem. , 101, 1307 (1987)]
- pHSG274 [Gene, 27, 223 (1984)]
- pKCR Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 78, 1527 (1981)]
- pSG1bd2-4 [Cytotechnol. , 4, 173 (1990)]
- pSE1UK1Sed1-3 [Cytotechnol. , 13, 79 (1993)].
- promoters and enhancers include SV40 early promoter [J. Biochem. , 101, 1307 (1987)], Moloney murine leukemia virus LTR [Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , 149, 960 (1987)] and immunoglobulin heavy chain promoter [Cell, 41, 479 (1985)] and enhancer [Cell, 33, 717 (1983)].
- Recombinant antibody expression vectors balance the ease of construction of recombinant antibody expression vectors, the ease of introduction into animal cells, and the balance of expression levels of antibody H and L chains in animal cells.
- a vector for expressing a recombinant antibody of a type (tandem type) in which the antibody H chain and L chain are present on the same vector [J. Immunol. Methods, 167, 271 (1994)]
- tandem recombinant antibody expression vectors include pKANTEX93 (International Publication No. 97/10354) and pEE18 [Hybridoma, 17, 559 (1998)].
- MRNA is extracted from hybridoma cells producing non-human antibodies, and cDNA is synthesized.
- the synthesized cDNA is cloned into a vector such as a phage or a plasmid to prepare a cDNA library.
- a recombinant phage or recombinant plasmid having cDNA encoding VH or VL is isolated.
- the entire base sequence of VH or VL of the target mouse antibody on the recombinant phage or recombinant plasmid is determined, respectively, and the total amino acid sequence of VH or VL is estimated from the base sequence.
- Non-human animals that produce non-human antibody-producing hybridoma cells include, for example, mice, rats, hamsters, and rabbits, but any animal that can produce hybridoma cells can be used. Can do.
- RNA easy kit manufactured by Qiagen
- oligo (dT) -immobilized cellulose column method For preparation of mRNA from total RNA, oligo (dT) -immobilized cellulose column method [Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Press (1989)] or Oligo-dT> SurPiSpR> ⁇ SpiK> Use a kit such as (Takara Bio).
- mRNA can be prepared from hybridoma cells using a kit such as Fast Track mRNA Isolation Kit (manufactured by Invitrogen) or QuickPrep mRNA Purification Kit (manufactured by Pharmacia).
- any vector can be used as a vector into which cDNA synthesized using mRNA extracted from a hybridoma cell as a template is incorporated.
- Any Escherichia coli into which a cDNA library constructed by a phage or plasmid vector is introduced can be used as long as the cDNA library can be introduced, expressed and maintained.
- cDNA clones encoding non-human antibody VH or VL from a cDNA library can be achieved by colony hybridization using an isotope or fluorescently labeled probe, or plaque hybridization [Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual. , Second Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989)].
- PCR method Polymerase Chain Reaction method
- the selected cDNA is cleaved with an appropriate restriction enzyme and then cloned into a plasmid such as pBluescript SK (-) (Stratagene), and the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA is determined by a commonly used nucleotide sequence analysis method. .
- nucleotide sequence analysis method examples include the dideoxy method [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 74, 5463 (1977)] and the like.
- VH and VL complete amino acid sequences for example, BLAST method [J. Mol. Biol. , 215, 403 (1990)], and the like, it can be confirmed whether the complete amino acid sequences of VH and VL are novel.
- the base sequence of the linking portion encodes an appropriate amino acid
- VH and VL cDNAs designed to be appropriate restriction enzyme recognition sequences are prepared.
- the prepared VH and VL cDNAs are cloned so that they are expressed in an appropriate form upstream of each gene encoding the human antibody CH or CL of the humanized antibody expression vector obtained in (1). Then, a human chimeric antibody expression vector is constructed.
- a cDNA encoding the non-human antibody VH or VL is amplified by a PCR method using a synthetic DNA having a recognition sequence of an appropriate restriction enzyme at both ends, and the recombinant antibody expression vector obtained in (1) Can also be cloned.
- the amino acid sequence of the VH or VL framework region (hereinafter referred to as FR) of the human antibody to be grafted with the VH or VL CDR amino acid sequence of the non-human antibody is selected. Any amino acid sequence can be used as long as it is derived from a human antibody.
- FR amino acid sequences of human antibodies registered in databases such as Protein Data Bank, or common amino acid sequences of each subgroup of FRs of human antibodies [Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, US Dept. Health and Human Services (1991)] are used.
- an FR amino acid sequence having as high a homology as possible (at least 60% or more) with the FR amino acid sequence of VH or VL of the original antibody is selected.
- the amino acid sequence of CDR of the original antibody is transplanted to the amino acid sequence of FR of VH or VL of the selected human antibody, respectively, and the amino acid sequence of VH or VL of the humanized antibody is designed respectively.
- Frequency of codon usage of the designed amino acid sequence in the base sequence of the antibody gene [Sequencys of Proteins of Immunological Interest, US Dept. Considering Health and Human Services (1991)]
- the DNA sequence is converted into a DNA sequence, and the DNA sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of VH or VL of the humanized antibody is designed.
- the humanized antibody expression vector obtained in (1) can be easily encoded with VH or VL of the humanized antibody.
- the cDNA to be cloned can be cloned.
- the amplified product is cloned into a plasmid such as pBluescript SK (-) (Stratagene), the base sequence is determined by the same method as described in (2), and the desired humanized antibody is obtained.
- a plasmid having a DNA sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of VH or VL is obtained.
- a humanized antibody can only have its antigen-binding activity by transplanting only the VH and VL CDRs of a non-human antibody into the VH and VL FRs of a human antibody. [BIO / TECHNOLOGY, 9, 266 (1991)].
- the amino acid residues of FR of human antibody VH and VL can be modified by performing the PCR reaction described in (4) using the synthetic DNA for modification.
- the base sequence is determined by the method described in (2) and it is confirmed that the target modification has been performed.
- the vector for humanized antibody expression obtained in (1) is cloned upstream of each gene encoding the human antibody CH or CL so that they are expressed in an appropriate form.
- Any host cell capable of expressing a recombinant antibody can be used as a host cell into which an expression vector is introduced.
- a host cell into which an expression vector is introduced For example, [Methods in Nucleic Acids Res., Using COS-7 cells [American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) number: CRL1651]). , CRC press, 283 (1991)].
- the expression level and antigen-binding activity of the recombinant antibody in the culture supernatant are measured by enzyme immuno-antibody method [Monoclonal Antibodies-Principles and Practice, Third edition, Academic Press (1996), Antibodies-AL , Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (1988), monoclonal antibody experiment manual, Kodansha Scientific (1987)] and the like.
- Any host cell capable of expressing a recombinant antibody can be used as a host cell into which the recombinant antibody expression vector is introduced.
- mouse SP2 / 0-Ag14 cells (ATCC number: CRL1581), mouse P3X63-Ag8.653 cells (ATCC number: CRL1580), CHO cells lacking a dihydrofolate reductase gene (hereinafter referred to as dhfr) [Proc . Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 77, 4216 (1980)], Lec13 [Somatic Cell and Molecular genetics, 12, 55 (1986)] that has acquired lectin resistance, CHO cells deficient in the ⁇ 1,6-fucose transferase gene (International Publication No. 2005 / 035586, WO 02/31140), rat YB2 / 3HL. P2. G11.16 Ag. 20 cells (ATCC number: CRL1662) are used.
- a sugar chain modification in which the 1-position of fucose is ⁇ -bonded to the 6-position of the reducing terminal of a protein such as an enzyme involved in the synthesis of intracellular sugar nucleotide GDP-fucose or the N-glycoside-linked complex sugar chain A host cell in which the activity of a protein such as an enzyme involved in the protein, or a protein involved in the transport of intracellular sugar nucleotide GDP-fucose to the Golgi apparatus is reduced or deleted, for example, ⁇ 1,6-fucose transferase gene is deficient CHO cells (International Publication No. 2005/035586, International Publication No. 02/31140) and the like can also be used.
- a transformant that stably expresses the recombinant antibody is selected by culturing in an animal cell culture medium containing a drug such as G418 sulfate (hereinafter referred to as G418) (Japan).
- G418 sulfate hereinafter referred to as G418, (Japan).
- Examples of the medium for animal cell culture include RPMI1640 medium (manufactured by Invitrogen), GIT medium (manufactured by Nippon Pharmaceutical), EX-CELL301 medium (manufactured by JRH), IMDM medium (manufactured by Invitrogen), Hybridoma-SFM medium ( Invitrogen) or a medium obtained by adding various additives such as FBS to these mediums.
- the obtained transformant is cultured in a medium to express and accumulate the recombinant antibody in the culture supernatant.
- the expression level and antigen binding activity of the recombinant antibody in the culture supernatant can be measured by ELISA method or the like.
- the transformed strain can increase the expression level of the recombinant antibody using a DHFR amplification system (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-257891).
- the recombinant antibody is purified from the culture supernatant of the transformed strain using a protein A-column [Monoclonal Antibodies-Principles and Practice, Third edition, Academic Press (1996), Antibodies-A LaboratoryLaboratoryLaboratoryLaboratoryLaboratory. (1988)].
- methods used in protein purification such as gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography, and ultrafiltration can be combined.
- the molecular weight of the purified recombinant antibody H chain, L chain, or whole antibody molecule is determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [Nature, 227, 680 (1970)] or Western blotting [Monoclonal Antibodies-Principles and practicies, Third]. edition, Academic Press (1996), Antibodies-A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (1988)].
- the binding activity to the ASCT2-expressing cell line is as described in 1. (6a) Measure using the binding assay described. In addition, the fluorescent antibody method [Cancer Immunol. Immunother. , 36, 373 (1993)] or a surface plasmon resonance method using a Biacore system or the like.
- the activity of inhibiting the intracellular uptake of amino acids by ASCT2 is measured by the method described in 1- (6b) above.
- CDC activity or ADCC activity against an antigen-positive cultured cell line is measured by a known measuring method [Cancer Immunol. Immunother. , 36, 373 (1993)].
- the therapeutic agent containing the monoclonal antibody or the antibody fragment or derivative thereof of the present invention may contain only the antibody or the antibody fragment or derivative thereof as an active ingredient, but is usually a drug. It is provided as a pharmaceutical preparation produced by a method known in the technical field of pharmaceutics, mixed with one or more physically acceptable carriers.
- the administration route includes oral administration and parenteral administration such as intraoral, intratracheal, rectal, subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous.
- administration forms include sprays, capsules, tablets, powders, granules, syrups, emulsions, suppositories, injections, ointments, and tapes.
- Suitable formulations for oral administration are emulsions, syrups, capsules, tablets, powders, or granules.
- Liquid preparations such as emulsions or syrups include sugars such as water, sucrose, sorbitol and fructose, glycols such as polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol, oils such as sesame oil, olive oil and soybean oil, p-hydroxybenzoic acid It is manufactured using preservatives such as esters, and flavors such as strawberry flavor and peppermint as additives.
- Capsules, tablets, powders or granules, etc. include excipients such as lactose, glucose, sucrose and mannitol, disintegrants such as starch and sodium alginate, lubricants such as magnesium stearate and talc, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxy A binder such as propylcellulose and gelatin, a surfactant such as fatty acid ester, and a plasticizer such as glycerin are used as additives.
- preparations suitable for parenteral administration include injections, suppositories, and sprays.
- Injection is manufactured using a carrier made of a salt solution, a glucose solution, or a mixture of both.
- Suppositories are produced using a carrier such as cacao butter, hydrogenated fat or carboxylic acid.
- the propellant is produced using a carrier that does not irritate the recipient's oral cavity and airway mucosa, disperses the monoclonal antibody of the present invention or the antibody fragment as fine particles, and facilitates absorption.
- lactose or glycerin is used as the carrier. It can also be produced as an aerosol or dry powder.
- ASCT2 is related. The disease can be diagnosed.
- the diagnosis of cancer which is one of the diseases related to ASCT2, can be performed by detecting or measuring ASCT2 as follows, for example.
- ASCT2 is detected or measured using the following immunological technique, The amount of ASCT2 present in the biological sample of a healthy person is examined.
- the abundance of ASCT2 is similarly examined in the biological sample of the subject, and the abundance is compared with the abundance of healthy subjects.
- the abundance of the polypeptide in the test subject is increased as compared to a healthy subject, the cancer is diagnosed as positive.
- the immunological technique is a method of detecting or measuring the amount of antibody or the amount of antigen using a labeled antigen or antibody.
- examples thereof include a radioactive substance-labeled immunoantibody method, an enzyme immunoassay method, a fluorescence immunoassay method, a luminescence immunoassay method, a Western blot method, and a physicochemical method.
- the antibody of the present invention or the antibody fragment is reacted with an antigen or a cell expressing the antigen. Further, after reacting with a radiolabeled anti-immunoglobulin antibody or a binding fragment, measurement is performed with a scintillation counter or the like.
- the antibody of the present invention or the antibody fragment thereof is reacted with an antigen or a cell expressing the antigen. Further, after reacting the labeled anti-immunoglobulin antibody or binding fragment, the coloring dye is measured with an absorptiometer. For example, a sandwich ELISA method is used.
- a known enzyme label [enzyme immunoassay, Medical School (1987)] can be used. Examples include alkaline phosphatase label, peroxidase label, luciferase label and biotin label.
- Sandwich ELISA is a method in which an antibody to be bound to a solid phase, an antigen to be detected or measured is trapped, and a second antibody is reacted with the trapped antigen.
- the ELISA method two types of antibodies or antibody fragments that recognize an antigen to be detected or measured and that have different antigen recognition sites are prepared, of which the first antibody or antibody fragment is pre-plated (for example, 96 Adsorb to a well plate). Next, the second antibody or antibody fragment is labeled with a fluorescent substance such as FITC, an enzyme such as peroxidase, or biotin.
- a fluorescent substance such as FITC
- an enzyme such as peroxidase
- biotin biotin
- the above-described antibody-adsorbed plate is reacted with cells or a lysate thereof, tissue or a lysate thereof, cell culture supernatant, serum, pleural effusion, ascites, ophthalmic fluid, etc., separated from the living body. Thereafter, the labeled monoclonal antibody or antibody fragment is reacted, and a detection reaction according to the labeling substance is performed.
- the antigen concentration in the test sample is calculated from a calibration curve prepared by diluting antigens with known concentrations stepwise.
- an antibody used in the sandwich ELISA method either a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody may be used, and an antibody fragment such as Fab, Fab ′, or F (ab) 2 may be used.
- the combination of the two types of antibodies used in the sandwich ELISA method may be a combination of monoclonal antibodies or antibody fragments that recognize different epitopes, or a combination of polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies or antibody fragments.
- the fluorescence immunoassay is measured by the method described in the literature [Monoclonal Antibodies-Principles and practices, Third edition, Academic Press (1996), Monoclonal Antibody Experiment Manual, Kodansha Scientific (1987)].
- a fluorescent label known in the art [fluorescent antibody method, Soft Science (1983)] can be used.
- FITC or RITC is used.
- the luminescent immunoassay is measured by the method described in the literature [Bioluminescence and chemiluminescence, clinical examination 42, Yodogawa Shoten (1998)].
- Examples of the label used in the luminescence immunoassay include known luminescent labels, such as acridinium ester or lophine.
- Western blotting is performed as follows.
- the antigen or cells expressing the antigen are fractionated by SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) -PAGE [Antibodies-A Laboratory Manual Cold Spring Laboratory (1988)].
- SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
- the gel is blotted onto a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane or a nitrocellulose membrane, and an antibody or antibody fragment that recognizes an antigen is reacted with the membrane.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- a fluorescent substance such as FITC
- an enzyme label such as peroxidase
- an anti-mouse IgG antibody or binding fragment provided with biotin label is reacted.
- the label is measured by visualization.
- the monoclonal antibody of the present invention was reacted, washed with PBS containing 0.05 to 0.1% Tween-20 (hereinafter referred to as Tween-PBS), and peroxidase-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG was washed at room temperature. React for 2 hours.
- Tween-PBS PBS containing 0.05 to 0.1% Tween-20
- peroxidase-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG was washed at room temperature. React for 2 hours.
- the polypeptide having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 is detected by washing with Tween-PBS and detecting the band to which the monoclonal antibody is bound using ECL Western Blotting Detection Reagents (manufactured by Amersham).
- an antibody used for detection by Western blotting an antibody capable of binding to a polypeptide that does not have a natural three-dimensional structure is used.
- the physicochemical method is performed by, for example, forming an aggregate by binding the antigen ASCT2 and the monoclonal antibody of the present invention or the antibody fragment, and detecting the aggregate.
- physicochemical method examples include a capillary method, a one-dimensional immunodiffusion method, an immunoturbidimetric method, and a latex immunoturbidimetric method [Proposal for Clinical Laboratory Methods, Kanbara Publishing (1998)].
- Latex immunoturbidimetry is a method in which an antibody or antigen-sensitized carrier such as polystyrene latex having a particle size of about 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m is used to cause an antigen-antibody reaction with the corresponding antigen or antibody. Scattered light increases and transmitted light decreases. By detecting this change as absorbance or integrating sphere turbidity, the antigen concentration or the like in the test sample is measured.
- an antibody or antigen-sensitized carrier such as polystyrene latex having a particle size of about 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m
- immunological detection methods can be used for detection or measurement of cells expressing ASCT2.
- immunoprecipitation method immune cell staining method, immunohistochemical staining method, fluorescent antibody staining method, etc. Is used.
- cells expressing ASCT2 are reacted with the monoclonal antibody of the present invention or the antibody fragment, and then a carrier having a specific binding ability to immunoglobulin such as protein G-sepharose is added to the antigen-antibody complex. Let the body settle.
- a carrier having a specific binding ability to immunoglobulin such as protein G-sepharose is added to the antigen-antibody complex. Let the body settle.
- the following method can be used.
- the above-described monoclonal antibody of the present invention or the antibody fragment is immobilized on a 96-well plate for ELISA, and then blocked with BSA-PBS.
- the antibody is in an unpurified state, such as a hybridoma culture supernatant, anti-mouse immunoglobulin, anti-rat immunoglobulin, protein-A or protein-G is immobilized on a 96-well plate for ELISA in advance. After blocking with BSA-PBS, the hybridoma culture supernatant is dispensed and bound.
- the immune cell staining method or the immunohistochemical staining method is a method in which cells or tissues expressing an antigen are treated with a surfactant or methanol to improve the passage of the antibody in some cases, and then reacted with the monoclonal antibody of the present invention. And then reacting with a fluorescent label such as FITC, an enzyme label such as peroxidase or a biotin label, or an anti-immunoglobulin antibody or a binding fragment thereof, then the label is visualized and microscopically observed .
- a fluorescent label such as FITC
- an enzyme label such as peroxidase or a biotin label
- the monoclonal antibody of the present invention or the antibody fragment that binds to the extracellular region of ASCT2 can detect cells expressing the natural three-dimensional structure by fluorescent antibody staining.
- the formed antibody-antigen complex and the free that is not involved in the formation of the antibody-antigen complex can be measured without separating the antibody or antigen.
- Example 1 Expression analysis of ASCT2 gene in various cell lines, xenografts, and normal tissues (1) Preparation of xenografts subcutaneously transplanted into SCID mice and preparation of tumor mass Human cancer cell lines were subcutaneously transplanted into SCID mice by the method described below. A xenograft was prepared. A tumor mass was extracted from the obtained xenograft and prepared.
- Human pancreatic cancer cell lines [ASPC-1 (ATCC number: CRL-1682), CaPan-1 (ATCC number: HTB-79), PANC-1 (ATCC number: CRL-1469)], human colon cancer cell line [Colo205 (RIKEN cell bank number: RCB2127), HT-29 (ATCC number: HTB-38), LS180 (ATCC number: CCL-187), SW1116 (ATCC number: CCL-233), WiDr (ATCC number: CCL-218)]
- the cells derived from the cells were suspended in PBS to a concentration of about 1 ⁇ 10 8 cells / mL, and 100 ⁇ L of each cell suspension was added to Fox CHASE C.I.
- Four B-17 / Icr-scidJcl mice male, 5 weeks old, manufactured by CLEA Japan, Inc.) were implanted subcutaneously in the ventral region.
- xenografts were xASPC1, xCaPan1, xPANC1, xColo205, xHT29, xLS180, xSW1116, and xWiDr, respectively.
- the tumor diameter was measured daily with calipers, and the individual with the major axis reaching about 1 cm was bloodied and killed under anesthesia sequentially, and then the tumor mass was removed. Each tumor mass was cut into four parts, snap-frozen using liquid nitrogen, and stored in a ⁇ 80 ° C. freezer.
- RNA was extracted from the cell line and the tumor mass of the xenograft prepared in (1) by the following method, and poly A (+) RNA was extracted. Purified.
- cell lines include blood cancer-derived cell lines ⁇ KG-1 (ATCC number: CCL-246), THP-1 (ATCC number: TIB-202), HL-60 (ATCC number: CCL-240) [above, acute Myeloid leukemia (AML) -derived cell line], CCRF-CEM (ATCC number: CCL-119), CCRF-SB (ATCC number: CCL-120), Jurkat (ATCC number: TIB-152), HSB-2 (ATCC) No .: CCL-120), HPB-ALL (RIKEN Cell Bank No .: RCB1935) [above, acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) -derived cell line], K-562 (ATCC No .: CCL-243), KU812 (ATCC No .: CRL) -2099) [Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) -derived cell line], KMS-11 (HSRRB number) JCRB1179), ARH-77 (ATCC number: CML
- RNA from the cell line was performed as follows. In the case of an adherent cell line, the medium was removed using an aspirator, washed with an appropriate amount of PBS, and then the cells were collected using a silicon spatula. To this, 1 mL of TRIzol Reagent (manufactured by Invitrogen) per 10 cm 2 of cells in the culture plate was added and suspended sufficiently to disrupt the cells. Further, the obtained cell lysate was passed through an 18G injection needle 10 times to cleave genomic DNA.
- TRIzol Reagent manufactured by Invitrogen
- centrifugation is performed at 1500 rpm for 5 minutes using a cooling centrifuge (Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd., Himac CF15R, rotor: T11A21), the medium is removed by decantation, and then the cells are washed with PBS. The suspension was suspended, and the cells were collected again by centrifugation at 1500 rpm for 5 minutes using a cooling centrifuge (Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd., Himac CF15R, rotor: T11A21).
- TRIzol Reagent manufactured by Invitrogen
- Crushing the tumor mass of the xenograft prepared in (1) and extracting the total RNA were performed as follows.
- the frozen tumor mass was put into 10 mL of TRIzol Reagent (manufactured by Invitrogen) and immediately crushed using a Polytron homogenizer (manufactured by Kinematica, PT2100) at 30000 rpm for 15 seconds.
- the obtained cell lysate is centrifuged at 11000 rpm for 10 minutes using a cooling centrifuge (Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd., Himac CF15R, rotor: T11A21). Transfer to tube. Chloroform 2 mL was added to the obtained supernatant, shaken vigorously for 15 seconds, allowed to stand at room temperature for 2 to 3 minutes, and then cooled at 4 ° C. with a cooling centrifuge (Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd., Himac CF7D2, rotor: RT3S3). Centrifugation was performed at 3000 rpm for 90 minutes.
- the obtained precipitate was dissolved in an appropriate amount of RNase-free water to obtain a total RNA sample.
- concentration of all RNA samples was measured with an absorptiometer, and it was confirmed that the A260 / A280 ratio was 1.7 or more.
- purification was further performed using RNeasy kit (manufactured by Qiagen).
- RNA was purified from 400 ⁇ g of the obtained total RNA sample using MicroPoly (A) Pure Kit (Ambion) according to the attached instructions.
- RNA derived from human clinical cancer tissues (lung cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, kidney cancer, liver cancer, uterine cancer, breast cancer, or esophageal cancer).
- Taq DNA polymerase is first activated at 94 ° C. for 5 minutes and the template DNA is denatured, followed by a denaturation step at 94 ° C. for 30 seconds, an annealing step at 65 ° C. for 30 seconds, and then at 72 ° C.
- the three steps of the DNA extension reaction step for 30 seconds were taken as one cycle, and this was carried out for 45 cycles in total.
- Fluorescence intensity emitted by SYBR Green I intercalated with the amplification product was measured using PRISM7700 (manufactured by Applied Biosystems), and the Sequence detector ver. Data analysis was performed according to 1.7a.
- Whether the signal obtained by the real-time PCR reaction was the target amplified fragment was determined by subjecting the reaction solution after the reaction to agarose gel electrophoresis and the size of the main amplified fragment.
- the real-time PCR reaction was performed using a 96-well PCR plate.
- a negative control sterile water
- a plasmid HCHON2001712 Homo2001712 encoding a partial fragment of ASCT2 purified by Qiagen Plasmid Midi Kit (manufactured by Qiagen) are included in the specimen of each well of the PCR plate.
- NM_005628 SEQ ID NO: 1, GenBank accession number: NM_005628
- NM_005628 GenBank accession number: NM_005628
- FIGS. 1 (A) to (D) Alignment of the full-length sequence of NM_005628 (SEQ ID NO: 1, GenBank accession number: NM_005628), which is a standard sequence of ASCT2, and the plasmid HCHON2001712 used as a template for preparing a calibration curve is shown in FIGS. 1 (A) to (D).
- the cDNA detection forward primer (Fw # 1) consisting of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 used for measuring the expression level of ASCT2 and shown in SEQ ID NO: 4
- the reverse primer (Rv # 1) for detecting cDNA consisting of a sequence was designed by using a portion where the sequences of NM_005628 and HCHON2001712 completely coincided with each other.
- the results of the mRNA expression level of the ASCT2 gene in the thus obtained cell line, xenograft tumor mass and normal tissue are shown in FIGS. 2 (A) to (B).
- the mRNA expression level is shown as a relative ratio when the number of molecules expressing ASCT2 per 2 ng of poly A (+) RNA and the ASCT2 gene expression level in the airway with the highest expression in normal tissues is 1.
- FIGS. 2 (A) to (B) blood cancer-derived cell lines KG-1 (AML-derived cell line), HSB-2 (ALL-derived cell line), K-562 (CML-derived cell line), KMS-11, ARH-77 (above, MM-derived cell line) more than 10 times normal airway, Jurkat (ALL-derived cell line), IM-9, RPMI8226 (above, MM-derived cell line), HS-Sultan (BL Derived cell line), ML-1 (HL derived cell line) 5 times or more, THP-1 (AML derived cell line), CCRF-CEM (ALL derived cell line), KU812 (CML derived cell line), Raji (BL Derived cell line), U-937 (HS-derived cell line), gastric cancer tissue, and esophageal cancer tissue, expression was more than doubled.
- AML-derived cell line AML-derived cell line
- HSB-2 ALL-derived cell line
- K-562 CML-derived cell line
- Example 2 Construction of human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cell line Plasmid pCR4-SLC1A5-myc / His containing the gene sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 and the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6 was obtained by the method shown below. A human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cell line was obtained using the plasmid.
- one cycle consists of 3 steps of 96 ° C. for 1 minute, 60 ° C. for 1 minute, and 72 ° C. for 1 minute.
- a 35-cycle PCR reaction was performed to synthesize a gene sequence from position 1 to position 370 (hereinafter referred to as N-SLC1A5) when the base of the translation start point of the human ASCT2 gene was 1.
- the reaction products were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the obtained amplified fragment of about 0.4 kb was extracted using QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit (manufactured by Qiagen), and pCR4 using TOPO TA cloning kit (manufactured by Invitrogen). It was cloned into a TOPO vector (hereinafter referred to as pCR4-N-SLC1A5).
- a PCR reaction was performed under the same reaction conditions as described above, and a gene sequence encoding a fusion protein in which myc / His was added to the C-terminus of the gene sequence from positions 365 to 1623 of the human ASCT2 gene (hereinafter referred to as C-SLC1A5-myc). / Designated as His).
- the reaction products were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the obtained amplified fragment of about 1.2 kb was extracted using QIAquickGel Extraction Kit (manufactured by Qiagen).
- primers having the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NO: 11 and SEQ ID NO: 13 (10 ⁇ mol / L, 1 ⁇ L each), 10 ⁇ Ex Taq buffer (10 ⁇ L), dNTP mixed solution (2 mmol / L, 10 ⁇ L) ) And Ex Taq polymerase (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc., 1 ⁇ L), and sterilized water was added to make a total volume of 100 ⁇ L.
- a PCR reaction was performed under the same reaction conditions as described above, and NotI and SpeI restriction enzyme sites were added to the C-terminus of C-SLC1A5-Myc / His.
- the obtained reaction product was separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the obtained amplified fragment of about 1.2 kb was extracted using QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit (Qiagen), and TOPO TA cloning kit (Invitrogen) was extracted. And cloned into pCR4 TOPO vector (hereinafter referred to as pCR4-C-SLC1A5-myc / His).
- pCR4-C-SLC1A5-myc / His pCR4 TOPO vector
- the obtained pCR4-N-SLC1A5 was digested with BssHII (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.) and SpeI (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.), separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the obtained gene fragment of about 4.4 kb was obtained from QIAquick Gel Extraction. Extraction was performed using Kit (manufactured by Qiagen).
- the obtained pCR4-C-SLC1A5-myc / His was digested with BssHII (Takara Bio) and SpeI (Takara Bio) to extract a gene fragment of about 1.4 kb. After each extracted fragment was ligated using Ligation high (Toyobo Co., Ltd.), the method of Cohen et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 69, 2110 (1972)], E. coli DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was transformed.
- a plasmid was extracted from the obtained transformant using an automatic plasmid extractor PI-50 (manufactured by Kurabo Industries), and the plasmid pCR4-SLC1A5-myc containing the gene sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 5 and the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 6 was used. / His was obtained.
- the obtained pCR4-SLC1A5-myc / His was digested with EcoRI (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.) and KpnI (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.), a gene fragment was extracted in the same manner as described above, and myc / His was added to the C terminus of the human ASCT2 gene.
- a fragment containing a gene sequence encoding a fusion protein to which was added (hereinafter referred to as SLC1A5-myc / His) was obtained.
- the obtained SLC1A5-myc / His-containing fragment was ligated to a pKANTEX93 vector (WO97 / 10354) previously digested with EcoRI (Takara Bio) and KpnI (Takara Bio).
- the DH5 ⁇ strain (Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was transformed to obtain a transformant, and then the expression plasmid pKANTEX-SLC1A5-myc / His was obtained using a plasmid extraction kit (Qiagen).
- pKANTEX-SLC1A5-myc / His was introduced into CHO / DG44 cells [Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics, 12, 555 (1986)] by electroporation [Cytotechnology, 3, 133 (1990)] as follows. did.
- the cells were placed in IMDM medium (Invitrogen) (hereinafter referred to as A3 medium) supplemented with 10% FBS (Life Technologies) and gentamicin (Nacalai Tesque, 50 ⁇ g / mL) (1 ⁇ HT supplement).
- a culture medium supplemented with (Invitrogen) was used.
- CHO / DG44 cells were treated with potassium chloride (137 nmol / L), sodium chloride (2.7 nmol / L), disodium monohydrogen phosphate (8.1 mmol / L), monosodium dihydrogen phosphate (1.5 nmol / L). And a buffer solution containing magnesium chloride (4 mmol / L) (hereinafter referred to as K-PBS) to 8 ⁇ 10 6 cells / mL, and the resulting cell suspension (200 ⁇ L, number of cells: 1. 6 ⁇ 10 6 ) was mixed with the expression plasmid pKANTEX-SLC1A5-myc / His (10 ⁇ g).
- K-PBS magnesium chloride
- the obtained mixed solution was transferred to a cuvette (distance between electrodes: 2 mm), and gene introduction was performed using GenePulser II (manufactured by Bio-Rad) under the conditions of a pulse voltage of 0.35 kV and an electric capacity of 250 ⁇ F.
- GenePulser II manufactured by Bio-Rad
- the cell suspension in the cuvette was suspended in a cell culture vessel containing A3 medium and cultured in a 37 ° C., 5% CO 2 incubator.
- the medium was changed to an A3 medium supplemented with G418 (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque, 0.5 mg / mL), and the culture was continued. During the course of medium exchange and passage, a transformed cell line resistant to G418 was obtained about 2 weeks after gene transfer.
- G418 manufactured by Nacalai Tesque, 0.5 mg / mL
- the obtained G418-resistant transformed cells were diluted with A3 medium supplemented with G418 (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque, 0.5 mg / mL) so that the number of cells was 5 per 10 mL, and the diluted cell suspension was diluted. Dispense 100 ⁇ L each into a 96-well plate, and gradually increase the methotrexate concentration to select clones that highly express ASCT2-myc / His, and select human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cell line. I got it.
- the obtained human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cells (1 ⁇ 10 5 to 5 ⁇ 10 5 cells) were suspended in 70% ethanol-PBS (1 mL) and fixed at ice temperature for 30 minutes.
- a 96-well U-shaped plate was dispensed at 1 ⁇ 10 6 to 5 ⁇ 10 6 cells / well, centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 5 minutes, the supernatant was removed, and 30% ice temperature with 1% BSA-PBS. Blocked for a minute.
- the supernatant was removed by centrifugation, and anti-myc antibody PL14 (manufactured by Medical and Biological Laboratories), anti-His antibody (manufactured by Qiagen) and mouse IgG1 isotype control (manufactured by Dako) were used as the primary antibodies.
- the solution was diluted with 1% BSA-PBS to be 1.0, 0.1, and 0.1 ⁇ g / mL, dispensed at 100 ⁇ L / well, and allowed to react for 60 minutes at ice temperature.
- the plate was washed once again with 1% BSA-PBS, suspended in PBS, and the fluorescence intensity was measured with a flow cytometer (Cytomics FC500 MPL, manufactured by Beckman Coulter). The results are shown in FIG.
- Example 3 Preparation of monoclonal antibody against N-terminal partial peptide of ASCT2 (1) Preparation of immunogen N-terminal partial sequence of human ASCT2 described in SEQ ID NO: 14 (from 2nd to 16th counting from N-terminal) for binding to carrier protein N-terminal partial peptide in which Cys was added to the C-terminal of the amino acid of (a) was synthesized using an automatic synthesizer (PSSM-8, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
- PSSM-8 automatic synthesizer
- a conjugate with KLH (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was prepared by the following method and used as an immunogen. That is, KLH was dissolved in PBS to prepare 10 mg / mL, and 1/10 volume of N- (m-maleimidobenzoyloxy) succinimide (MBS, manufactured by Nacalai Tesque, 25 mg / mL) was added dropwise and stirred for 30 minutes. And reacted.
- MBS m-maleimidobenzoyloxy
- the reaction solution was passed through a gel filtration column (Sephadex G-25 column, manufactured by GE Healthcare) previously equilibrated with PBS, and unreacted MBS was removed to obtain KLH-MBS.
- N-terminal partial peptide (1 mg) of human ASCT2 to which Cys was added was dissolved in sodium phosphate buffer (0.1 mol / L, pH 7.0), KLH-MBS (2.5 mg) was added, and 3 hours at room temperature. And stirred. After the reaction, it was dialyzed with PBS to obtain an N-terminal peptide-KLH conjugate of human ASCT2 as an immunogen.
- the spleen was shredded in MEM medium (Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), loosened with tweezers, and centrifuged (CR5B, Hitachi, Ltd.) at 1200 rpm for 5 minutes. Red blood cells were removed by adding Tris-ammonium chloride buffer (pH 7.65) to the resulting precipitate fraction and treating for 1 to 2 minutes. The cell fraction obtained as the precipitate fraction was washed three times with MEM medium to prepare antibody-producing cells.
- THY thyroglobulin
- SEQ ID NO: 14 Cys described in SEQ ID NO: 14 was added as an antigen for assay
- the obtained human ASCT2 N-terminal peptide-THY conjugate (10 ⁇ g / mL, 50 ⁇ L / well) was dispensed onto a 96-well EIA plate (Greiner) and allowed to stand overnight at 4 ° C. for adsorption. It was. After washing the unadsorbed conjugate, 1% BSA-PBS (100 ⁇ L / well) was added and reacted for 1 hour at room temperature to block the remaining active groups. After washing unreacted BSA-PBS, a test substance such as antiserum or culture supernatant was dispensed as a primary antibody at 50 ⁇ L / well and allowed to react for 2 hours. After washing with 0.05% tween-PBS, peroxidase-labeled anti-rat immunoglobulin (Dako, 50 ⁇ L / well) diluted as a secondary antibody was added and reacted at room temperature for 1 hour.
- ABTS 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium (ABTS) substrate solution
- ABTS manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, 1 mmol / L
- citric acid Buffer 0.1 mol / L, pH 4.2
- hydrogen peroxide 0.1%)
- OD415-OD490 Absorbance at a sample wavelength of 415 nm and a reference wavelength of 490 nm was measured using a plate reader (Emax microplate reader, Molecular Devices).
- mice 8-Azaguanine resistant mouse myeloma cell line P3-U1 [P3X63Ag8U. 1, ATCC No .: CRL-1597, European Journal of Immunology, 6,511 (1976)], glutamine (1.5 mmol / L), 2-mercaptoethanol (5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 ) in RPMI1640 medium (Invitrogen).
- mol / L gentamicin (10 ⁇ g / ml) and FBS (10%) added to the medium (hereinafter referred to as normal medium), and the number of cells required for cell fusion (2 ⁇ 10 7 or more) was determined. Secured and served as parental strain for cell fusion.
- HAT medium 100 mL
- HAT medium 100 mL
- the obtained suspension was dispensed into a 96-well culture plate at 200 ⁇ L / well and cultured at 37 ° C. for 10 to 14 days in a 5% CO 2 incubator.
- the enzyme immunoassay described in (3) was performed, and wells that specifically react with the N-terminal partial peptide of human ASCT2 were selected. Cloning by limiting dilution was repeated twice from the cells contained in the selected wells to obtain hybridoma KM3842 producing a monoclonal antibody against the N-terminal partial peptide of ASCT2.
- the subclass clustering of the antibody class of KM3842 was determined to be rat IgG2a using a subcluster epiting kit (manufactured by ADB Cellotech).
- the hybridoma (5 ⁇ 10 6 to 20 ⁇ 10 6 / mouse) obtained in (5) on 8 weeks old nude female mice (Balb / c, manufactured by SLC Japan) treated with pristane ) Were injected intraperitoneally. After 10 to 21 days, the hybridoma developed ascites tumor. Ascites (1-8 mL / animal) was collected from the mouse with ascites collected, centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes (CR5B, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) to remove solids, and then the caprylic acid precipitation method [Antibodies-A Laboratory]. manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (1988)], and purified KM3842 antibody was obtained.
- Example 4 Reactivity study of monoclonal purified antibody against N-terminal partial peptide of ASCT2 The reactivity of monoclonal antibody KM3842 to N-terminal partial peptide of ASCT2 was examined by the enzyme immunoassay described in Example 3 (3). As the primary antibody, the KM3842 purified antibody obtained in Example 3 (6) was respectively adjusted to 10, 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001, and 0.0001 ⁇ g / mL with 1% BSA-PBS. The diluted one was used. As a result of the measurement, as shown in FIG. 4, KM3842 showed specific reactivity to the N-terminal partial peptide of ASCT2.
- Example 5 Preparation of monoclonal antibody against extracellular region of ASCT2 (1) Preparation of immunogen 2 to 3 of human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cell line obtained in Example 2 in IMDM medium (Invitrogen) containing 10% FBS The cells were cultured on the day and peeled off using a 0.02% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque). The cells were suspended in PBS so that the number of cells was 6 ⁇ 10 6 to 1 ⁇ 10 7 cells per immunized animal.
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- Example 3 (B) antibody-producing cells were prepared from the obtained spleen.
- the plate is dispensed with a test substance (10 ⁇ L / well) such as antiserum or culture supernatant as the primary antibody, and as the secondary antibody, ALEXA647-labeled anti-mouse immunoglobulin G (H + L) or ALEXA647-labeled anti-rat immunoglobulin.
- a test substance 10 ⁇ L / well
- G (H + L) both manufactured by Invitrogen, 100 ⁇ L / well was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 4 hours in the dark.
- Fluorescence of 650 to 685 nm excited by laser light (633 nm He / Ne) was measured using an ABI 8200 cellular detection system (Applied Biosystems).
- test substance such as antiserum or culture supernatant was added as a primary antibody at 50 ⁇ L / well and allowed to react at ice temperature for 30 minutes. After washing three times by centrifugation using PBS, ALEXA488-labeled anti-mouse immunoglobulin G (G + L) or ALEXA488-labeled anti-rat immunoglobulin G (G + L) (both manufactured by Invitrogen, 50 ⁇ L / well) was used as the secondary antibody. In addition, the reaction was allowed to proceed for 30 minutes in the dark at light temperatures.
- Example 3 (5) Production of hybridoma
- cell fusion was carried out between the antibody-producing cells obtained in (2) and the myeloma cells obtained in Example 3 (4).
- the cells obtained by cell fusion were suspended in HAT medium.
- the obtained cell suspension was dispensed into a 96-well culture plate at 200 ⁇ L / well and cultured at 37 ° C. for 8 to 10 days in a 5% CO 2 incubator.
- Anti-mouse immunoglobulin / rabbit polyclonal antibody (Dako, 10 ⁇ g / mL, 50 ⁇ L / well) was dispensed onto a 96-well EIA plate (manufactured by Greiner) and allowed to stand overnight at 4 ° C. for adsorption. After washing the unadsorbed conjugate, 1% BSA-PBS (100 ⁇ L / well) was added and reacted for 1 hour at room temperature to block the remaining active groups.
- test substance was dispensed at 50 ⁇ L / well and allowed to react for 2 hours. After washing with 0.05% tween-PBS, subclass-specific peroxidase-labeled anti-mouse immunoglobulin (Invitrogen, 50 ⁇ L / well) diluted as a secondary antibody was added and reacted at room temperature for 1 hour.
- Example 3 (3) After washing with 0.05% tween-PBS, the ABTS substrate solution used in Example 3 (3) was added to develop color, and the absorbance (OD415-OD490) at a sample wavelength of 415 nm and a reference wavelength of 490 nm was measured with a plate reader (Emax microplate reader). , Molecular Devices).
- the mouse monoclonal antibody whose subclass could not be determined by the above method was performed using a mouse rat monoclonal isotyping kit (manufactured by Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd.).
- the subclass of the rat monoclonal antibody was determined using a rat monoclonal isotyping kit (manufactured by Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd.).
- Table 1 shows the list of animal species and antibody classes for each hybridoma.
- a purified antibody of KM3998 was obtained by the following method.
- Hybridomas (5 ⁇ 10 6 to 20 ⁇ 10 6 mice / mouse) obtained in (5) were injected intraperitoneally into pristane-treated 8-week-old nude female mice (Balb / c, manufactured by SLC Japan). . After 10 to 21 days, the hybridoma developed ascites tumor.
- Ascites (1-8 mL / animal) was collected from ascites and the solid content was removed by filtration [Pole, 5 ⁇ m, polyethersulfone (PES) membrane], followed by caprylic acid precipitation [ It was purified by Antibodies-A Laboratory manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (1988)].
- Each hybridoma obtained in (5) was cultured at 37 ° C. in a 5% CO 2 incubator with RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% FBS. When the number of cells reached 5 ⁇ 10 7 cells, centrifugation (CR5B, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) was performed at 1200 rpm for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was removed.
- the obtained cells were suspended in a Hybridoma SFM medium (manufactured by Gibco) supplemented with 5% Daigo GF21 (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) to prepare a cell number of 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells / mL and 500 mL.
- the cells were cultured for 3 days at 37 ° C. in a% CO 2 incubator.
- the obtained cell suspension was centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 5 minutes, and the obtained supernatant was filtered using a bottle top filter (Corning, 0.2 ⁇ m, PES membrane).
- KM4000, KM4001, KM4008 and KM4012 were purified using a protein A binding resin (Millipore), and KM4018 was purified using a protein G binding resin (Millipore). Each resin was packed in a 1 mL minicolumn and equilibrated by passing 10 mL of equilibration buffer.
- protein A binding resin is glycine (1 mol / L) -sodium chloride (0.15 mol / L) (pH 8.6)
- protein G binding resin is glycine (0.5 mol / L) -PBS (pH 7). .4) was used.
- the culture supernatant obtained by the filtration treatment was passed through the column at a flow rate of about 100 mL / hour, and then the column was washed with 10 mL of equilibration buffer.
- the antibody adsorbed on the column was eluted using a citrate buffer (0.1 mol / L, pH 3.0).
- the eluted antibody was fractionated by 500 ⁇ L each in a tube containing 80 ⁇ L of Tris (2 mol / L, pH 8.0) in advance.
- Example 6 (1) Fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer) The human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cell, vector-introduced CHO cell, and multiple myeloma cell line KMS-11 (HSRRB number: JCRB1179) obtained in Example 2 were each in a 5% CO 2 incubator at 37 ° C. For 3-4 days.
- Human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cells and vector-introduced CHO cells are detached with 0.02% EDTA solution (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque) and mixed with PBS, 0.02% EDTA and 0.05% sodium azide. Washed with solution. Furthermore, in order to avoid non-specific adsorption of antibodies, human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cells and vector-introduced CHO cells use 1% BSA-PBS, and KMS-11 is human IgG (Sigma, 100 ⁇ g / mL) for 30 minutes at ice temperature.
- a 96-well U-shaped plate is seeded with 1 ⁇ 10 5 to 5 ⁇ 10 5 cells (100 ⁇ L) per well, centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 5 minutes (05PR-22, manufactured by Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd.), and the supernatant. Was excluded.
- Purified antibody as a test substance as a primary antibody and rat IgG2a-UNLB (negative control, manufactured by Beckman Coulter) or KM511 ⁇ negative control, anti-G-CSF derivative antibody, [Agric. Biol. Chem. , 53, 1095 (1989)], mouse IgG1 ⁇ mixed solution of 1% BSA-PBS, 0.02% EDTA and 0.05% sodium azide so that the final concentration is 10 ⁇ g / mL (hereinafter, for dilution) (Designated as Solution A), added at 100 ⁇ L / well, and allowed to react for 60 minutes at ice temperature.
- ALEXA488-labeled anti-mouse immunoglobulin G (G + L) (Invitrogen, 100 ⁇ L / well) or ALEXA488-labeled anti-rat immunoglobulin G (diluted with dilution solution A as a secondary antibody) G + L) (Invitrogen, 100 ⁇ L / well), or FITC-labeled anti-mouse kappa-chain antibody (Southern Biotech, 100 ⁇ L / well) or FITC-labeled anti-rat kappa-chain antibody (Southern Biotech, 100 ⁇ L / well) Wells) were added, and the mixture was allowed to react for 30 minutes under the light shield at ice temperature.
- KM3998 showed strong binding to human ASCT2-myc / His gene-transferred CHO cells and KMS-11 expressing ASCT2 mRNA, but not to vector-introduced CHO cells. It was. In addition, the negative control antibody rat IgG2a-UNLB did not bind to any cells. From these results, it was shown that KM3998 has a specific binding property to ASCT2-expressing cells.
- KM4000, KM4001, KM4008, KM4012 and KM4018 show strong binding (average fluorescence intensity) to human ASCT2-myc / His transgenic CHO cells and KMS-11 expressing ASCT2 mRNA. However, it did not show any binding property to vector-introduced CHO cells.
- the negative control antibodies rat IgG2a-UNLB and KM511 did not show binding to any cells. From these results, it was shown that KM4000, KM4001, KM4008, KM4012, and KM4018 have specific binding properties to ASCT2-expressing cells.
- Each cell lysate of 5 ⁇ 10 4 cells per lane was fractionated using SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis (PAGE, manufactured by ATTO) and transferred to a PVDF membrane (Millipore). The transferred PVDF membrane was blocked with 10% BSA-PBS.
- KM3842 positive control obtained in Example 3
- rat IgG2a-UNLB negative control, manufactured by Beckman Coulter
- KM511 negative control
- the solution was diluted with 1% BSA-PBS to 10 ⁇ g / mL and reacted at 4 ° C. overnight.
- the obtained PVDF membrane was thoroughly washed with 0.1% Tween-PBS (hereinafter referred to as PBST), and the peroxidase-labeled anti-mouse immunoglobulin G (H + L) (Zaimet) or peroxidase-labeled anti-rat was used as the secondary antibody.
- Immunoglobulin G (H + L) (Dako) was reacted at room temperature for 1 hour.
- KM3842 detected a band in the vicinity of a molecular weight of 75 kDa corresponding to the molecular weight of ASCT2 in human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cells, KMS-11 cells expressing ASCT2 mRNA, and WiDr cells.
- KM3998, KM4000, KM4001, KM4008, KM4012 and KM4018 could not detect ASCT2.
- no reactivity of any antibody was observed in the vector-introduced CHO cells.
- Protein G-Sepharose beads (Amersham, 30 ⁇ L) or Protein A-Sepharose beads (Amersham, 30 ⁇ L) are pretreated with 0.1% BSA-PBST (300 ⁇ L) for 30 minutes or more, and then centrifuged and centrifuged. The liquid was removed and Tris-hydrochloric acid (50 mmol / L, pH 7.5), 1% Triton X100, sodium chloride (150 mmol / L), EDTA (5 mmol / L) and Protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche Diagnostics) It was suspended in a mixed solution (hereinafter referred to as a bead washing buffer) (90 ⁇ L).
- a bead washing buffer 90 ⁇ L
- a mixed solution of antibody and cell lysate (100 ⁇ L) was added to the bead suspension, and the mixture was mixed at 4 ° C. for 2 hours, and then the beads were collected by centrifugation. The collected beads were washed 3 to 5 times with a bead washing buffer, and then a mixed solution of 2% SDS, Tris-hydrochloric acid (62 mmol / L, pH 6.8) and 10% glycerol (hereinafter referred to as SDS-PAGE sample buffer and The resulting solution was analyzed by the following immunoblot.
- Example 3 Fractionated by SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis and transferred to a PVDF membrane (Millipore). After blocking the obtained PVDF membrane with 5% skim milk-PBST, KM3842 obtained in Example 3 (positive control, 3.5 ⁇ g / mL) was reacted as a primary antibody at room temperature for 2 hours.
- the obtained PVDF membrane was thoroughly washed with PBST, and peroxidase-labeled anti-rat immunoglobulin G (H + L) (manufactured by Dako) was reacted at room temperature for 1 hour. Again, the PVDF membrane was thoroughly washed with PBST, and an antibody-bound band was detected using ECL Western Blotting Detection Reagents (manufactured by Amersham Pharmacia).
- KM4000, KM4001, KM4008, KM4012, KM4018 and a positive control antibody KM3842 detected a band around a molecular weight of 75 kDa.
- KM4000, KM4001, KM4008, KM4012 and KM4018 are antibodies capable of detecting ASCT2 by immunoprecipitation reaction and are antibodies recognizing the three-dimensional structure of ASCT2.
- a purified antibody which is a test substance diluted with PBS so that the final concentration is 31.6 to 0.03 ⁇ g / mL, rat IgG2a-UNLB (negative control, manufactured by Beckman Coulter), KM511 (negative control) and Glutamine-competing amino acid mixture [AST mixture, alanine, serine, threonine (all Sigma, 3.3 mmol / L each)] was added at 20 ⁇ L / well.
- a glutamine solution prepared in a glutamine-free medium to a final concentration of 0.2 mmol / L was added at 20 ⁇ L / well.
- the absorbance at 450 nm (control wavelength: 650 nm) was measured using a microplate spectrophotometer (Emax microplate reader, Molecular Devices).
- the relative growth rate (%) of the well to which the antibody was added was calculated with the absorbance of the control well without antibody added being 100% and the absorbance of the well of the blank plate being 0%.
- KM3998 slightly suppressed cell growth at a high concentration, but its effect was lower than that of the glutamine-competitive amino acid mixture, indicating that KM3998 has a low neutralizing activity against ASCT2.
- KM4000, KM4001, KM4008, KM4012 and KM4018 all strongly suppressed cell proliferation depending on the antibody concentration.
- KM4000, KM4001, KM4008, KM4012 and KM4018 have an activity of significantly suppressing the growth of cancer cells by strongly neutralizing the function of ASCT2 that takes glutamine into cells.
- Example 7 Isolation and analysis of cDNA encoding variable region of anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibody (1) Preparation of mRNA from anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma cells Hybridomas KM4008, KM4012 and KM4018 obtained in Example 5 (5) (each 5 Approximately 6 ⁇ g of mRNA was prepared from RNeasy Maxi Kit (Qiagen) and Oligotex-dT30 ⁇ Super> mRNA Purification Kit (Takara Bio) from ⁇ 10 7 cells) according to the method described in the attached instructions. did.
- the universal primer Amix attached to the kit and the mouse Ig ( ⁇ ) specific primer (mG3a2 or mG2ba1) shown in SEQ ID NOs: 15 and 16 or the rat Ig ( ⁇ ) specific shown in SEQ ID NO: 43 PCR reaction was performed using a typical primer (rG2a) to amplify a VH cDNA fragment.
- PCR was carried out using the mouse Ig ( ⁇ ) specific primer (mKa1) shown by SEQ ID NO: 17 or the rat Ig ( ⁇ ) specific primer (rKa2) shown by SEQ ID NO: 44 instead of the Ig ( ⁇ ) specific primer. Reaction was performed and the cDNA fragment of VL was amplified.
- the PCR reaction with a rat Ig ( ⁇ ) specific primer (rKa2) was performed at 40 ° C. for 5 minutes, followed by 40 reaction cycles consisting of 94 ° C. for 15 seconds, 68 ° C. for 30 seconds and 72 ° C. for 3 minutes. Thereafter, the reaction was carried out at 72 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- the other PCR reactions were heated at 94 ° C for 5 minutes, followed by 5 reaction cycles consisting of 94 ° C for 15 seconds and 72 ° C for 3 minutes, 94 ° C for 15 seconds, 72 ° C for 3 minutes and 30 seconds Was performed 5 times at 94 ° C. for 15 seconds, 68 ° C. for 30 seconds, and 72 ° C. for 3 minutes, respectively, and then 30 minutes at 72 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- PCR reaction was performed using PTC-200 DNA Engine (manufactured by Bio-Rad).
- the obtained PCR product had a size of about 700 bp for the H chain and about 800 bp for the L chain.
- the base sequence of the obtained PCR product was separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the PCR product was extracted using Gel Extraction Kit (manufactured by Qiagen).
- the obtained extracted fragment was ligated to pCR4 TOPO vector using TOPO TA cloning kit (manufactured by Invitrogen), and the method of Cohen et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 69, 2110 (1972)], E. coli DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was transformed.
- a plasmid was extracted from the obtained transformant using an automatic plasmid extractor PI-50 (manufactured by Kurabo Industries), and the reaction was performed using BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing FS Ready Reaction Kit (manufactured by PE Biosystems) according to the attached instructions. Thereafter, the base sequence was analyzed by DNA sequencer ABI PRISM 3700 (manufactured by PE Biosystems).
- Plasmid 12Ha5 containing, plasmid 12La4 containing KM4012 L chain cDNA, plasmid 18rHa1 containing KM4018 H chain cDNA and plasmid 18Lb3 containing KM4018 L chain cDNA were obtained.
- the entire nucleotide sequence of VH contained in the plasmid 08H2b10 containing the obtained KM4008 H chain cDNA is SEQ ID NO: 18, and the secretion includes the signal sequence deduced from the entire nucleotide sequence of VH contained in the plasmid 08H2b10.
- the entire amino acid sequence of type VH is deduced from SEQ ID NO: 19 and the entire nucleotide sequence of VL contained in plasmid 08La4 containing the KM4008 L chain cDNA from SEQ ID NO: 20 and the entire nucleotide sequence of VL contained in plasmid 08La4
- the entire amino acid sequence of the secreted VL including the generated signal sequence is SEQ ID NO: 21, and the entire nucleotide sequence of VH contained in the plasmid 12Ha5 containing the KM4012 heavy chain cDNA is SEQ ID NO: 22, which is contained in the plasmid 12Ha5.
- the amino acid sequence is SEQ ID NO: 23, the entire nucleotide sequence of VL contained in plasmid 12La4 containing the L chain cDNA of KM4012 is SEQ ID NO: 24, and the signal deduced from the entire nucleotide sequence of VL contained in the plasmid 12La4
- the entire amino acid sequence of the secreted VL containing the sequence is SEQ ID NO: 25
- the entire base sequence of VH contained in the plasmid 18rHa1 containing the KM4018 H chain cDNA is SEQ ID NO: 45
- the VH contained in the plasmid 18rHa1 The entire amino acid sequence of secreted VH including the signal sequence deduced from the entire nucleotide sequence is SEQ ID NO: 46
- each isolated cDNA is a full-length cDNA encoding anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibodies KM4008, KM4012 and KM4018 containing a secretory signal sequence, and the sequence for the KM4008 heavy chain 1-19 of the amino acid sequence shown in No. 19, the 1-20th of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 21 for the L chain of KM4008, and the 1st to 20th of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 23 for the H chain of KM4012.
- the 19th, KM4012 L chain is the 1-20th amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 25
- the KM4018 H chain is the 1-19th amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 46
- the KM4018 L chain is the sequence No. 48 1-20 th acid sequence was found to be a secretory signal sequence, respectively.
- the CDR sequences of the VH and VL of the anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibodies KM4008, KM4012, and KM4018 were identified by comparing with the amino acid sequences of known antibodies.
- the amino acid sequences of VH CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibody KM4008 are SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 27 and SEQ ID NO: 28, and the amino acid sequences of VL CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 are SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 30 and SEQ ID NO: 31, the amino acid sequences of the VH CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibody KM4012 are SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33 and SEQ ID NO: 34, the amino acid sequences of the CDRs of CDR, CDR2 and CDR3 of SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36 and SEQ ID NO: 37, VH CDR1, CDR
- Example 8 Preparation of anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody (1) Construction of anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody expression vector cKM4008_93 H chain cDNA of humanized antibody expression vector pKANTEX93 (WO97 / 10354) and KM4008 obtained in Example 7 (2) An anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody expression vector cKM4008_93 was constructed in the following manner using plasmid 08H2b10 containing the above and 08La4 containing the L chain cDNA of KM4008.
- the PCR reaction was performed in the same manner as in Example 2. Using plasmid 08H2b10 (100 ng) as a template, primers (10 ⁇ mol / L, 1 ⁇ L each) having the nucleotide sequences described in SEQ ID NO: 38 and SEQ ID NO: 39, 10 ⁇ Ex Taq buffer (5 ⁇ L), dNTP mixture (2.5 mmol / L) 4 ⁇ L) and Ex Taq polymerase (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc., 1 ⁇ L), and further sterilized water was added to make a total volume of 50 ⁇ L.
- the PCR reaction was performed at 96 ° C for 2 minutes, followed by 30 cycles of 94 ° C for 1 minute, 55 ° C for 1 minute, 72 ° C for 1 minute, and 72 ° C for 5 minutes, and inserted into pKANTEX93.
- a gene fragment encoding KM4008 VH to which a restriction enzyme recognition sequence was added was amplified.
- primers (10 ⁇ mol / L, 1 ⁇ L each) having the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NO: 40 and SEQ ID NO: 41, 10 ⁇ Ex Taq buffer (5 ⁇ L), dNTP mixed solution (2.5 mmol) / L, 4 ⁇ L), and Ex Taq polymerase (above, manufactured by Takara Bio Inc., 1 ⁇ L), the same PCR reaction as described above is performed, and the VL of KM4008 to which a restriction enzyme recognition sequence for insertion into pKANTEX93 is added is encoded. The gene fragment to be amplified was amplified.
- Each reaction product obtained was separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the obtained amplified fragment of about 0.5 kbp was extracted using Gel Extraction Kit (manufactured by Qiagen).
- the obtained gene fragment was ligated to the pCR4 TOPO vector using TOPO TA cloning kit (manufactured by Invitrogen), and E. coli DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was transformed in the same manner as in Example 7 (2).
- Plasmid 08VH3 containing the base sequence encoding KM4008 VH and plasmid 08VL6 containing the base sequence encoding KM4008 VL were obtained.
- the obtained plasmid 08VH3 was restriction enzyme Apa I (Takara Bio) and Not I (Takara Bio), and plasmid 08VL6 was restriction enzyme EcoR I (Takara Bio) and BsiW I (Takara Bio). Each was digested and then separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. The obtained gene fragment of about 0.5 kbp was extracted using Gel Extraction Kit (manufactured by Qiagen).
- the fragment obtained by digesting plasmid 08VL6 was ligated to the pKANTEX93 vector digested with EcoR I (Takara Bio Inc.) and BsiW I (Takara Bio Inc.) in the same manner as in Example 7 (2).
- the DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was transformed, and a pKANTEX93 vector into which the VL of KM4008 was inserted was obtained using a plasmid extraction kit (manufactured by Qiagen).
- the obtained pKANTEX93 vector into which the VL of KM4008 was inserted was digested with Apa I (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.) and Not I (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.), and then ligated with the fragment obtained by digesting the above-mentioned plasmid 08VH3. Then, E. coli DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was transformed in the same manner as in Example 7 (2), and anti-ASCT2 human into which VH and VL of KM4008 were inserted using a plasmid extraction kit (Qiagen) Type chimeric antibody expression vector cKM4008_93 was obtained.
- Apa I manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.
- Not I manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.
- anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody expression vector cKM4012_93 Construction of anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody expression vector cKM4012_93 In the same manner as (1), humanized antibody expression vector pKANTEX93 (WO97 / 10354) and KM4012 H chain cDNA obtained in Example 7 (2) An anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody expression vector cKM4012_93 was constructed from the plasmid 12Ha5 containing the plasmid 12Ha5 and the plasmid 12La4 containing the KM4012 L chain cDNA.
- primers for VH amplification having the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NO: 38 and SEQ ID NO: 42 and primers for VL amplification having the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NO: 40 and SEQ ID NO: 41
- PCR reaction was performed to amplify the gene fragment.
- Each of the obtained reaction products was separated and extracted, ligated to the pCR4 TOPO vector, E.
- coli DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was transformed, plasmid 12VH1 containing the nucleotide sequence encoding KM4012 VH, and KM4012 Plasmid 12VL11 containing the base sequence encoding the VL was obtained.
- the obtained plasmid 12VH1 and plasmid 12VL11 were each digested with restriction enzymes, and then separated and extracted to obtain fragments of plasmid 12VH1 and plasmid 12VL11.
- Each fragment obtained was ligated to a pKANTEX93 vector digested with a restriction enzyme, and then transformed into E. coli DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.), and anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody into which KM4012 VH and VL were inserted
- the expression vector cKM4012_93 was obtained.
- anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody expression vector cKM4018_93 Construction of anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody expression vector cKM4018_93 In the same manner as in (1), humanized antibody expression vector pKANTEX93 (WO97 / 10354) and KM4018 H chain cDNA obtained in Example 7 (2) The anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody expression vector cKM4018_93 was constructed from the plasmid 18rHa1 containing the plasmid 18 and the plasmid 18Lb3 containing the KM4018 L chain cDNA.
- primers for VH amplification having the nucleotide sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 55 and SEQ ID NO: 56 and primers for VL amplification having the nucleotide sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 57 and SEQ ID NO: 58
- PCR reaction was performed to amplify the gene fragment.
- Each of the obtained reaction products was separated and extracted, and ligated to the pCR4 TOPO vector, and then transformed into E. coli DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.). Plasmid 18VH5 containing the nucleotide sequence encoding KM4018 VH and KM4018 Plasmid 18V2L1 containing the nucleotide sequence encoding the VL was obtained.
- the obtained plasmid 18VH5 and plasmid 18V2L1 were each digested with restriction enzymes, then separated and extracted to obtain fragments of plasmid 18VH5 and plasmid 18V2L1.
- Each fragment obtained was ligated to the pKANTEX93 vector digested with restriction enzymes, then transformed into E. coli DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.), and anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody into which KM4018 VH and VL were inserted
- the expression vector cKM4018_93 was obtained.
- the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody expression vector cKM4012_93 or the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody expression vector cKM4018_93 the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody is expressed in animal cells, respectively. A transformant producing an antibody was obtained.
- the purity and expression molecule size of the purified samples of cKM4008, cKM4012, and cKM4018 obtained were determined using SDS-PAGE according to the attached instructions using a gradient gel (manufactured by ATTO, catalog number: E-T520L). Confirmed by The migration pattern of the purified anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody shows that one band is present in the vicinity of a molecular weight of 150 to 200 kilodaltons (hereinafter referred to as kDa) under non-reducing conditions, and about 50 kDa and about 25 kDa under reducing conditions. Two bands were observed.
- kDa molecular weight of 150 to 200 kilodaltons
- anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibodies cKM4008, cKM4012, and cKM4018 are expressed as antibody molecules having the correct structure.
- Example 9 Reactivity study of anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody (1) Fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer) The human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cells obtained in Example 2 and the multiple myeloma cell line OPM-2 (DSMZ number: ACC50) were each in a 5% CO 2 incubator at 37 ° C. for 3 to 4 days. Cultured. Human ASCT2-myc / His transgenic CHO cells were detached with 0.02% EDTA solution (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque), and 1% BSA-PBS was used in ice temperature to avoid non-specific adsorption of antibodies. For 30 minutes.
- a 96-well U-shaped plate is seeded with 1 ⁇ 10 5 to 5 ⁇ 10 5 cells (100 ⁇ L) per well, centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 5 minutes (05PR-22, manufactured by Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd.), and the supernatant. Was excluded.
- the purified antibody which is the test substance as the primary antibody, is diluted with 1% BSA-PBS so that the final concentration is 0.001 ⁇ g / mL to 10 ⁇ g / mL, added at 100 ⁇ L / well, and reacted at ice temperature for 60 minutes. I let you.
- the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibodies cKM4008, cKM4012 and cKM4018 each showed strong binding properties of human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cells.
- OPM-2 which is a multiple myeloma cell line, shows strong reactivity.
- Lymphoprep manufactured by Nicomed
- PBMC mononuclear cell
- the target cell solution is dispensed into a 96-well U-bottom plate (Falcon) at 50 ⁇ L (1 ⁇ 10 4 cells / well), and then the effector cell solution is 50 ⁇ L (the ratio of effector cells to target cells is 10: 1). Was added.
- the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody cKM4008, cKM4012 or cKM4018 is diluted with a medium for measuring ADCC activity, and added to a final concentration of 0.01 ng / mL to 1000 ng / mL to make a total volume of 150 ⁇ L. Reacted for hours. After the reaction, the plate was centrifuged, and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in the supernatant was detected by measuring the absorbance using LDH-Cytotoxic Test (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) according to the attached instructions.
- LDH lactate dehydrogenase
- Absorbance of target cell spontaneous release is measured using ADCC activity measurement medium instead of effector cell solution and antibody solution.
- Absorbance data of effector cell spontaneous release is measured for ADCC activity instead of target cell solution and antibody solution. It was obtained by performing the same operation as above using a medium.
- the absorbance of the total target cell release was determined by using a medium for measuring ADCC activity instead of the antibody solution and the effector cell solution, and reacting by adding 20 ⁇ L of 9% Triton X-100 solution 45 minutes before the end of the reaction. Obtained by performing the same operation.
- ADCC activity was determined by the following formula.
- ADCC activity (%) [(absorbance of specimen) ⁇ (absorbance of spontaneous release of effector cells / target cells)] / [(absorbance of total release of target cells) ⁇ (absorbance of spontaneous release of target cells)] ⁇ 100
- FIG. 10 The measurement results are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, it was revealed that the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibodies cKM4008, cKM4012 and cKM4018 have ADCC activity against cells expressing ASCT2 in an antibody concentration-dependent manner.
- Human complement serum (manufactured by Sigma, S2257-5ML) was dissolved in 5 mL of deionized water, and an equal volume of CDC measurement medium was added to dilute the mixture to obtain a human complement solution. 50 ⁇ L of the complement solution was dispensed into each well of a 96-well flat bottom plate (Sumitomo Bakelite).
- Anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody, KM511 (negative control) and glutamine competing amino acid mixed solution [AST mixed solution, alanine, serine] which is a test substance diluted and prepared with PBS so that the final concentration is 10 to 0.01 ⁇ g / mL , Threonine (mixed solution of Sigma, each 3.3 mmol / L) was added at 20 ⁇ L / well, and a glutamine solution (Invitrogen) prepared in a glutamine-free medium to a final concentration of 0.2 mmol / L was added. 20 ⁇ L / well was added.
- PBS (20 ⁇ L / well) and the glutamine solution (20 ⁇ L / well) were added to the control well and the blank plate well. Except for the blank plate, the cells were cultured at 37 ° C. for 72 hours in a 5% CO 2 incubator after addition of the antibody.
- the absorbance at 450 nm (control wavelength: 650 nm) was measured using a microplate spectrophotometer (Emax microplate reader, Molecular Devices).
- the relative growth rate (%) of the well to which the antibody was added was calculated with the absorbance of the control well without antibody added being 100% and the absorbance of the well of the blank plate being 0%.
- the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibodies cKM4008, cKM4012 and cKM4018 all strongly suppressed cell proliferation depending on the antibody concentration.
- cKM4008, cKM4012 and cKM4018 have an activity to remarkably suppress the growth of cancer cells by strongly neutralizing the function of ASCT2 that takes glutamine into cells.
- mouse ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced cell line (hereinafter referred to as mouse ASCT2 / CHO) -)-Mouse_ASCT2-myc / His was obtained, and a mouse ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cell line was obtained using this plasmid.
- mice ASCT2 gene clone (Clone ID: 4192790, Open Biosystems) is inoculated into 50 mL of ampicillin-containing LB medium, and stirred overnight and then centrifuged (CR2DGII, manufactured by Hitachi Koki, 6000 rpm, 10 minutes) ), And the plasmid containing the mouse ASCT2 gene was obtained using a plasmid extraction kit (Qiagen).
- the reaction products were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the obtained amplified fragment of about 1.7 kb was extracted using QIAquickGel Extraction Kit (manufactured by Qiagen).
- the obtained extracted fragment was digested with EcoRI (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.) and KpnI (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.), and re-extracted using QIAquickGel Extraction Kit.
- a plasmid was extracted from the obtained transformant using an automatic plasmid extractor PI-50 (manufactured by Kurabo Industries), and the plasmid pBluescript II SK (-) containing the gene sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 59 and the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 60 -Obtained Mouse_ASCT2-myc / His.
- pBluescriptII SK (-)-Mouse_ASTC2-myc / His is digested with EcoRI (Takara Bio) and KpnI (Takara Bio), and a gene fragment is extracted in the same manner as above, and digested with EcoRI and KpnI in advance.
- PKANTEX93 vector (WO97 / 10354).
- Escherichia coli DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was transformed to obtain a transformant, and then an expression plasmid pKANTEX-Mouse_ASTC2-myc / His was obtained using a plasmid extraction kit (manufactured by Qiagen). did.
- pKANTEX-Mouse_ASCT2-myc / His was introduced into CHO / DG44 cells [Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics, 12, 555 (1986)] by electroporation [Cytotechnology, 3, 133 (1990)] as follows. did. The cells were placed in IMDM medium (Invitrogen) (hereinafter referred to as A4 medium) supplemented with 10% dFBS (Invitrogen) and gentamicin (Nacalai Tesque, 50 ⁇ g / mL) (hereinafter referred to as A4 medium) with 1 ⁇ HT supplement ( A culture medium supplemented with Invitrogen) was used.
- CHO / DG44 cells were treated with potassium chloride (137 nmol / L), sodium chloride (2.7 nmol / L), disodium monohydrogen phosphate (8.1 mmol / L), monosodium dihydrogen phosphate (1.5 nmol / L). And a buffer solution containing magnesium chloride (4 mmol / L) (hereinafter referred to as K-PBS) to 8 ⁇ 10 6 cells / mL, and the resulting cell suspension (200 ⁇ L, number of cells: 1. 6 ⁇ 10 6 ) was mixed with the expression plasmid pKANTEX-Mouse_ASCT2-myc / His (10 ⁇ g).
- K-PBS magnesium chloride
- the obtained mixed solution was transferred to a cuvette (distance between electrodes: 2 mm), and gene introduction was performed using GenePulser II (manufactured by Bio-Rad) under the conditions of a pulse voltage of 0.35 kV and an electric capacity of 250 ⁇ F.
- GenePulser II manufactured by Bio-Rad
- the cell suspension in the cuvette was suspended in a cell culture vessel containing A4 medium and cultured in a 37 ° C., 5% CO 2 incubator.
- the medium was replaced with A4 medium supplemented with G418 (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque, 0.5 mg / mL), and the culture was continued. During the course of medium exchange and passage, a transformed cell line resistant to G418 was obtained about 2 weeks after gene transfer.
- the obtained G418-resistant transformed cells were diluted with A4 medium supplemented with G418 (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque, 0.5 mg / mL) so that the number of cells was 5 per mL, and the diluted cell suspension was A 100- ⁇ L aliquot was dispensed into a 96-well plate and processed by increasing the methotrexate concentration stepwise to select a clone highly expressing mouse ASCT2-myc / His, and mouse ASCT2 / CHO was obtained.
- mouse / human chimeric ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced cell line (hereinafter referred to as mouse / human chimeric ASCT2 / CHO)
- FIG. 13 A schematic diagram of human and mouse ASCT2 proteins is shown in FIG.
- the portions shown in black in the extracellular region of mouse ASCT2 are human 74th, 79th, 84th, 87th, 90th, 154th, 159th, 160th).
- amino acids corresponding to the 300th, 301st and 367th positions are amino acids that differ between human and mouse.
- amino acids that differ between human and mouse are 5 positions in EL1, greatly differ in human and mouse in EL2, 6 positions in EL3, and 1 position in EL4.
- EL1, EL2, and EL3 a domain containing each region is cut out at a restriction enzyme site located in the vicinity thereof, and a silent substitution using a QuikChange Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit (manufactured by Stratagene) to obtain a mouse replacement by recombination
- a QuikChange Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit manufactured by Stratagene
- mutant human ASCT2 gene Primer (0.1 ⁇ g / mL, 2.5 ⁇ L) having the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NO: 63 and SEQ ID NO: 64 using pCR4-SLC1A5-myc / His prepared in Example 2 as a template ) And QuikChange Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit, PfuTubo DNA polymerase (1 ⁇ L) was added to a total volume of 50 ⁇ L containing 10 ⁇ reaction buffer (5 ⁇ L) and dNTP mixture (1 ⁇ L).
- a PCR reaction comprising 18 cycles in total, comprising 3 steps of 95 ° C. for 30 seconds, 55 ° C. for 1 minute, and 68 ° C. for 5 minutes, and 1 ⁇ L of DnpI after the reaction was completed And reacted at 37 ° C. for 1 hour.
- E. coli XL1-Blue strain (manufactured by Stratagene) attached to QuikChange Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit was transformed with 2 ⁇ L of the reaction product.
- a plasmid was extracted from the obtained transformant using an automatic plasmid extractor PI-50 (manufactured by Kurabo Industries) to obtain a plasmid pCR4-hNco1KO_ASCT2-myc / His.
- Plasmid pCR4-hBam3KI_ASCT2-myc / His is obtained in the same manner as described above using the plasmid as a template and primers (0.1 ⁇ g / mL, 2.5 ⁇ L) having the nucleotide sequences described in SEQ ID NO: 65 and SEQ ID NO: 66 did.
- the obtained plasmid is digested with EcoRI (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.) and KpnI (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.), extracted using QIAquickGel Extraction Kit, and pre-digested with EcoRI and KpnI vector (manufactured by Stratagene) ) Using Ligation high (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.).
- Plasmid pBluescriptII SK (-)-mEL1_ASTT2-myc / His was obtained in which EL1 was replaced with a mouse.
- the plasmid pBluescriptII SK (-)-mEL2_ASTC2-myc / His in which recombination at the BclI and NcoI sites was replaced with the mouse type, and EL3 was replaced with the mouse type by recombination at the NcoI and BamIII sites.
- pBluescript II SK (-)-mEL3_ASCT2-myc / His was obtained.
- EL4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 11 (1) using pBluescript II SK (-) hBam3KI_ASCT2-myc / His obtained in (1) as a template and primers having the nucleotide sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 69 and SEQ ID NO: 70. Plasmid pBluescriptII SK (-)-mEL4_ASCT2-myc / His was obtained by substituting the mouse for the mouse type.
- a gene fragment was extracted, ligated to a pKANTEX93 vector (WO97 / 10354) previously digested with EcoRI and KpnI, and Escherichia coli DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was transformed to obtain a transformant. Thereafter, expression plasmids pKANTEX-mEL1_ASCT2-myc / His, pKANTEX-mEL2_ASCT2-myc / His, pKANTEX-mEL3_ASCT2-myc / His and pKANTEX-mEL4_ASCT2-myc were obtained using a plasmid extraction kit (Qiagen). .
- pKANTEX-mEL1_ASCT2-myc / His pKANTEX-mEL2_ASCT2-myc / His
- pKANTEX-mEL3_ASCT2-myc / His pKANTEX-mEL4_ASCT2-myc / His are the same as those in Example 10 / O. Introduced.
- Mouse EL1-type ASCT2-myc / His transgenic CHO cell line (hereinafter referred to as mEL1 / CHO), mouse EL2-type ASCT2-myc / His transgenic CHO cell line (hereinafter referred to as mEL2 / CHO), mouse EL3-type ASCT2 -A myc / His gene-introduced CHO cell line (hereinafter referred to as mEL3 / CHO) and a mouse EL4 type ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cell line (hereinafter referred to as mEL4 / CHO) were obtained.
- mEL1 / CHO mouse EL2-type ASCT2-myc / His transgenic CHO cell line
- mEL2 / CHO mouse EL3-type ASCT2 -A myc / His gene-introduced CHO cell line
- mEL4 / CHO mouse EL4 type ASCT2-myc / His gene-
- Example 12 Reactivity of anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibody against mouse ASCT2 / CHO and mouse / human chimeric ASCT2 / CHO Example 9 (1) using mouse ASCT2 / CHO and mouse / human chimeric ASCT2 / CHO cells prepared in Example 10 and Example 11 In the same manner as described above, FITC-labeled anti-mouse immunoglobulin G (H + L) (manufactured by DAKO) or ALEXA488-labeled anti-rat immunoglobulin G (G + L) (manufactured by Invitrogen) is used as a secondary antibody, and anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibody KM4008 The reactivity of KM4012 and KM4018 was measured.
- Table 2 shows the measurement results.
- “+” indicates reactivity
- “ ⁇ ” indicates no reactivity
- “ ⁇ ” indicates a decrease in reactivity.
- none of the anti-ASCT2 monoclonal antibodies KM4008, KM4012, and KM4018 reacted with mouse ASCT2.
- KM4008 and KM4012 a decrease in reactivity with respect to mEL2 / CHO was observed.
- KM4018 did not react with mEL2 / CHO and a decrease in reactivity with mEL1 / CHO and mEL3 / CHO was observed.
- VH FR amino acid sequence of a human antibody for grafting the KM4008 VH CDR1 to 3 amino acid sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 26 to 28 obtained in Example 7 (3), respectively, was selected.
- GCG Package manufactured by Genetic Computer Group
- an amino acid database of an existing protein is converted into a BLASTP method [Nucleic Acid Res. , 25, 3389 (1997)], a human antibody having high homology with KM4008 was searched.
- amino acid sequence of CDR of KM4008 VH shown in SEQ ID NOs: 26 to 28 was transplanted to the appropriate position of the FR amino acid sequence of the human antibody determined as described above. In this way, the amino acid sequence HV0 of the VH of the anti-ASCT2 humanized antibody represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 was designed.
- amino acid sequence of VL of the anti-ASCT2 humanized antibody was designed as follows.
- the amino acid sequence of FR of human antibody VL for grafting the amino acid sequence of CDR1 to 3 of KM4008VL represented by SEQ ID NOs: 29 to 31 obtained in Example 7 (3) was selected.
- the homology of HSGI, HSGII, HSGIII, and HSGIV was 77.5%, 60.0%, 63.8%, and 68.8%, respectively. Therefore, the amino acid sequence of FR of KM4008VL had the highest homology with subgroup I.
- the KM CDR8 amino acid sequence of KM4008 was transplanted to the appropriate position of the FR amino acid sequence of the consensus sequence of subgroup I of human antibody VL.
- the Leu at position 124 in the VL amino acid sequence of KM4008 represented by SEQ ID NO: 21 is the most frequently used amino acid residue at the site corresponding to the amino acid sequence of human antibody FR mentioned by Kabat et al. Although it is not an amino acid residue that is used at a relatively high frequency, the amino acid residue recognized in the amino acid sequence of KM4008 was used.
- amino acid sequence LV0 of the VL of the anti-ASCT2 humanized antibody represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 was designed.
- amino acid sequence HV0 and VL amino acid sequence LV0 of the VH of the anti-ASCT2 humanized antibody designed above are sequences obtained by grafting only the CDR amino acid sequence of the anti-ASCT2 mouse monoclonal antibody KM4008 to the FR amino acid sequence of the selected human antibody. is there.
- the binding activity is often lowered only by transplanting the amino acid sequence of the CDR of the mouse antibody to the FR of the human antibody.
- amino acid residues of FR that are thought to affect the binding activity were identified as follows.
- HV0LV0 an antibody V region consisting of the VH amino acid sequence HV0 and the VL amino acid sequence LV0 of the anti-ASCT2 humanized antibody designed above was constructed using a computer modeling technique.
- Discovery Studio manufactured by Accelrys
- a computer model of the three-dimensional structure of the V region of the anti-ASCT2 mouse monoclonal antibody KM4008 was also constructed in the same manner.
- an amino acid residue different from KM4008 is selected, an amino acid sequence modified to the amino acid residue of KM4008 is prepared, and a three-dimensional structure model is constructed in the same manner. did.
- the three-dimensional structures of the V regions of these produced KM4008, HV0LV0 and the variant were compared, and amino acid residues predicted to affect the antibody binding activity were identified.
- At least one amino acid sequence was modified to an amino acid residue present at the same site of KM4008, and VH and VL of humanized antibodies having various modifications were designed.
- the second Val of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 71 is Ile
- the ninth Ser is Pro
- the 20th Val is Ile
- the 30th Ser is Thr.
- 38th Arg to Lys 46th Glu to Lys
- 86th Leu to Val 93rd Val to Thr
- 95th Tyr to Phe 116th Val to Leu
- at least one modification was introduced.
- the 8th Pro of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 72 is Thr, the 15th Val is Leu, the 38th Gln is Arg, the 43rd Ala is Thr, and the 44th At least one of the amino acid modifications in which the Pro in Val was replaced with Val, the 71st Phe with Tyr, and the 87th Tyr with Phe was introduced.
- HV0LV3, HV2LV0, HV2LV3, HV4LV0, HV4LV3, HV7LV0, HV7LV3, HV10LV0, and HV10LV0 were designed as antibody V regions of anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies in which at least one amino acid residue present in FR of HV0LV0 was modified. did.
- the amino acid sequences of the heavy chain variable region HV2, HV4, HV7, HV10 and the light chain variable region LV3 are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 76, 78, 80, 82 and 84, respectively.
- the DNA sequences encoding the amino acid sequences of HV0 and LV0 of the anti-ASCT2 humanized antibody are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 73 and 74, respectively, and the amino acids of the variable regions HV2, HV4, HV7, HV10, and LV3 subjected to amino acid modification DNA sequences encoding the sequences are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 75, 77, 79, 81, and 83, respectively.
- a humanized antibody expression vector was constructed and a humanized antibody was expressed by the following methods.
- the synthetic gene of SEQ ID NO: 87 is restriction enzyme Apa I (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.) and Not I (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.), and the synthetic gene of SEQ ID NO: 88 is restriction enzyme EcoR I (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.) and BsiW I (Takara Bio).
- the product was digested with Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and then separated by agarose gel electrophoresis.
- the obtained gene fragment of about 0.5 kbp was extracted using Gel Extraction Kit (manufactured by Qiagen).
- the fragment obtained by digesting the synthetic gene of SEQ ID NO: 88 was ligated to the pKANTEX93 vector digested with EcoR I (Takara Bio Inc.) and BsiW I (Takara Bio Inc.), and the method of Cohen et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 69, 2110 (1972)] was used to transform Escherichia coli DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.), and a pKANTEX93 vector into which the synthetic gene of SEQ ID NO: 88 was inserted was obtained using a plasmid extraction kit (manufactured by Qiagen). .
- the obtained pKANTEX93 vector into which the synthetic gene of SEQ ID NO: 88 was inserted was digested with Apa I (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.) and Not I (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.), and then the synthetic gene of SEQ ID NO: 87 described above was digested.
- Ligated with the obtained fragment E. coli DH5 ⁇ strain (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was transformed, and anti-ASCT2 into which the synthetic genes of SEQ ID NO: 87 and SEQ ID NO: 88 were inserted using a plasmid extraction kit (manufactured by Qiagen)
- a humanized antibody expression vector KM4008HV2LV3_93 was obtained.
- anti-ASCT2 humanized antibody expression vector KM4008HV10LV3 — 93 In the same manner as in (1), anti-ASCT2 humanized antibody expression vector pKANTEX93 (International Publication No. 97/10354) and the synthetic genes of SEQ ID NO: 88 and SEQ ID NO: 89 were used.
- the ASCT2 humanized antibody expression vector KM4008HV10LV3_93 was constructed.
- HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 The anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies KM4008HV2LV3 and KM4008HV10LV3 (hereinafter referred to as HV2LV3 and HV10LV3) were purified from the obtained culture supernatant using a Protein A High-capacity resin (Millipore) column according to the attached instructions.
- the migration pattern of the purified anti-ASCT2 humanized antibody shows that a single band is present in the vicinity of a molecular weight of 150 to 200 kilodaltons (hereinafter referred to as kDa) under non-reducing conditions, and 2 bands of about 50 kDa and about 25 kDa under reducing conditions. A band of books was observed.
- kDa molecular weight of 150 to 200 kilodaltons
- anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 were expressed as antibody molecules having the correct structure.
- Example 15 Reactivity of anti-ASCT2 humanized antibody (1) Fluorescent cell staining (flow cytometer) The human ASCT2-myc / His gene-introduced CHO cell obtained in Example 2 and the multiple myeloma cell line KMS-11 (HSRRB number: JCRB1179) were each in a 5% CO 2 incubator at 37 ° C. for 3 to 4 days. Cultured. The cells were detached with a 0.02% EDTA solution (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque) and blocked with 1% BSA-PBS for 30 minutes at ice temperature to avoid non-specific adsorption of antibodies.
- EDTA solution manufactured by Nacalai Tesque
- a 96-well U-shaped plate is seeded with 1 ⁇ 10 5 to 5 ⁇ 10 5 cells (100 ⁇ L) per well, centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 5 minutes (05PR-22, manufactured by Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd.), and the supernatant. Was excluded.
- the purified antibody which is the test substance as the primary antibody, is diluted with 1% BSA-PBS so that the final concentration is 0.001 ⁇ g / mL to 10 ⁇ g / mL, added at 100 ⁇ L / well, and reacted at ice temperature for 60 minutes. I let you.
- FITC-labeled anti-human immunoglobulin G H + L
- BSA-PBS 1% BSA-PBS as a secondary antibody
- the anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 showed strong binding to human ASCT2-myc / His transgenic CHO cells, similar to the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody cKM4008.
- KMS-11 which is a multiple myeloma cell line, shows strong reactivity.
- Lymphoprep manufactured by Nicomed
- PBMC mononuclear cell
- the target cell solution is dispensed into a 96-well U-bottom plate (Falcon) at 50 ⁇ L (1 ⁇ 10 4 cells / well), and then the effector cell solution is 50 ⁇ L (the ratio of effector cells to target cells is 10: 1). Was added.
- anti-ASCT2 humanized antibody HV2LV3, HV10LV3 or anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody cKM4008 is diluted with a medium for measuring ADCC activity and added to a final concentration of 0.01 ng / mL to 1000 ng / mL to make a total volume of 150 ⁇ L. , And reacted at 37 ° C. for 4 hours.
- LDH lactate dehydrogenase
- Absorbance of target cell spontaneous release is measured using ADCC activity measurement medium instead of effector cell solution and antibody solution.
- Absorbance data of effector cell spontaneous release is measured for ADCC activity instead of target cell solution and antibody solution. It was obtained by performing the same operation as above using a medium.
- the absorbance of the total target cell release was determined by using a medium for measuring ADCC activity instead of the antibody solution and the effector cell solution, and reacting by adding 20 ⁇ L of 9% Triton X-100 solution 45 minutes before the end of the reaction. Obtained by performing the same operation.
- ADCC activity was determined by the following formula.
- ADCC activity (%) [(absorbance of specimen) ⁇ (absorbance of spontaneous release of effector cells / target cells)] / [(absorbance of total release of target cells) ⁇ (absorbance of spontaneous release of target cells)] ⁇ 100
- the measurement results are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, it was revealed that the anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 have ADCC activity on cells expressing ASCT2 in an antibody concentration-dependent manner, similar to the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody cKM4008. It was.
- CDC activity A colon cancer cell line Colo205 (ATCC number: CCL-222) was used as a target cell, and it was peeled off with 0.02% -EDTA Solution (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque) to prepare a CDC measurement medium 1 Washed with RPMI 1640 medium (Invitrogen) containing 4% BSA (Invitrogen) and 50 ⁇ g / mL Gentamin (Nacalai Tesque), suspended in the same medium at 2 ⁇ 10 5 cells / mL, and the target cell solution It was.
- RPMI 1640 medium Invitrogen
- BSA Invitrogen
- Gentamin Nacalai Tesque
- Human complement serum (manufactured by Sigma, S1764-1ML) was dissolved in 1 mL of deionized water, and an equal volume of CDC measurement medium was added to dilute it twice to obtain a human complement solution.
- 50 ⁇ L of the complement solution was dispensed into each well of a 96-well flat bottom plate (Sumitomo Bakelite). Next, 50 ⁇ L of the target cell solution was added, and 50 ⁇ L of each antibody solution diluted with a CDC medium was added to make the total volume 150 ⁇ L, and the reaction was performed at 37 ° C. under 5% CO 2 for 2 hours.
- the anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 were found to have CDC activity against the colon cancer cell line Colo205 in an antibody concentration-dependent manner, similar to the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody cKM4008. .
- PBS (20 ⁇ L / well) and the glutamine solution (20 ⁇ L / well) were added to the control well and the blank plate well. Except for the blank plate, the cells were cultured at 37 ° C. for 72 hours in a 5% CO 2 incubator after addition of the antibody.
- the absorbance at 450 nm (control wavelength: 650 nm) was measured using a microplate spectrophotometer (Emax microplate reader, Molecular Devices).
- the relative growth rate (%) of the well to which the antibody was added was calculated with the absorbance of the control well without antibody added being 100% and the absorbance of the well of the blank plate being 0%.
- the anti-ASCT2 humanized antibodies HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 strongly suppressed cell growth in an antibody concentration-dependent manner, similar to the anti-ASCT2 human chimeric antibody cKM4008.
- HV2LV3 and HV10LV3 have an activity of remarkably suppressing the growth of cancer cells by strongly neutralizing the function of ASCT2 that takes glutamine into cells.
- a monoclonal antibody or an antibody fragment that specifically recognizes the natural three-dimensional structure of the extracellular region of the system ASC amino acid transporter 2 (ASCT2) and binds to the extracellular region, or produces the antibody A hybridoma, a DNA encoding the antibody, a vector comprising the DNA, a transformant obtained by transforming the vector, a method of producing an antibody or antibody fragment using the hybridoma or the transformant, A therapeutic agent comprising an antibody or antibody fragment and a diagnostic agent comprising the antibody or antibody fragment can be provided.
- ASCT2 system ASC amino acid transporter 2
- SEQ ID NO: 3 Description of Artificial Sequence: ASCT2 Primer (Fw # 1)
- SEQ ID NO: 4 Description of Artificial Sequence: ASCT2 Primer (Rv # 1)
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Abstract
Description
(1)抗体の重鎖可変領域(以下、VHと表記する)が配列番号76で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、抗体の軽鎖可変領域(以下、VLと表記する)が配列番号84で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、システムASCアミノ酸トランスポーター2(以下、ASCT2と表記する)の細胞外領域の天然型立体構造を特異的に認識し、かつ該細胞外領域に結合するモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
(2)抗体のVHが配列番号82で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、抗体のVLが配列番号84で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、ASCT2の細胞外領域の天然型立体構造を特異的に認識し、かつ該細胞外領域に結合するモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
(3)ASCT2を介したアミノ酸の細胞内取り込みを阻害する(1)または(2)に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
(4)細胞障害活性を有する(1)~(3)のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
(5)細胞障害活性が抗体依存性障害(ADCC)活性または補体依存性障害(CDC)活性である(4)に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
(6)Fab、Fab’、F(ab’)2、一本鎖抗体(scFv)、二量体化V領域(Diabody)、ジスルフィド安定化V領域(dsFv)およびCDRを含むペプチドから選ばれる抗体断片である(1)~(5)のいずれか1項に記載の抗体断片。
(7)遺伝子組換え抗体である、(1)~(6)のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
(8)ヒト化抗体およびヒト抗体から選ばれる遺伝子組換え抗体である、(7)に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
(9)(1)~(8)のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体を生産するハイブリドーマ。
(10)(1)~(8)のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片をコードするDNA。
(11)(10)に記載のDNAを含有する組換え体ベクター。
(12)(11)に記載の組換え体ベクターを宿主細胞に導入して得られる形質転換株。
(13)(9)に記載のハイブリドーマ、または(12)に記載の形質転換株を培地に培養し、培養物中に(1)~(8)のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片を生成蓄積させ、培養物からモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片を採取することを特徴とする(1)~(8)のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片の製造方法。
(14)(1)~(8)のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片を有効成分として含有するASCT2が関与する疾患の治療薬。
(15)ASCT2が関与する疾患が癌である(14)に記載の治療薬。
(16)癌が血液癌、食道癌、胃癌、大腸癌、肝癌または前立腺癌である(15)に記載の治療薬。
(17)(1)~(8)のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片を用いるASCT2の免疫学的検出または測定方法。
(18)免疫学的測定方法が免疫沈降法である(17)に記載の検出または測定方法。
(19)(1)~(8)のいずれか1項に記載の抗体または該抗体断片を用いるASCT2が発現する細胞の免疫学的検出または測定方法。
(20)免疫学的検出方法が蛍光細胞染色法である(19)に記載の検出または測定方法。
(21)(1)~(8)のいずれか1項に記載の抗体または該抗体断片を含むASCT2の免疫学的検出用または測定用試薬。
(22)(1)~(8)のいずれか1項に記載の抗体または該抗体断片を含むASCT2が関与する疾患の診断薬。
(23)ASCT2が関与する疾患が癌である(22)に記載の診断薬。
(24)癌が血液癌、食道癌、胃癌、大腸癌、肝癌または前立腺癌である(23)に記載の診断薬。
(1)抗体の重鎖可変領域(以下、VHと記す)の相補性決定領域(Complementarity Determining Region;以下、CDRと表記する)1、CDR2およびCDR3がそれぞれ配列番号26、27および28で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、および/または、抗体の軽鎖可変領域(以下、VLと記す)のCDR1、CDR2およびCDR3がそれぞれ配列番号29、30、31で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む遺伝子組換え抗体
(2)抗体のVHのCDR1、CDR2およびCDR3がそれぞれ配列番号32、33および34で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、および/または、VLのCDR1、CDR2およびCDR3がそれぞれ配列番号35、36および37で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む遺伝子組換え抗体
(3)抗体のVHのCDR1、CDR2およびCDR3がそれぞれ配列番号49、50および51で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、および/または、抗体のVLのCDR1、CDR2およびCDR3がそれぞれ配列番号52、53および54で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む遺伝子組換え抗体
(1)抗体のVHが、配列番号19で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、かつ、抗体のVLが、配列番号21で表されるアミノ酸配列を含むヒト型キメラ抗体
(2)抗体のVHが、配列番号23で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、かつ、抗体のVLが、配列番号25で表されるアミノ酸配列を含むヒト型キメラ抗体
(3)抗体のVHが、配列番号46で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、かつ、抗体のVLが、配列番号48で表されるアミノ酸配列を含むヒト型キメラ抗体
(a)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列、または配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のVal、9番目のSer、20番目のVal、30番目のSer、38番目のArg、46番目のGlu、86番目のLeu、93番目のVal、95番目のTyrおよび116番目のValから選ばれる少なくとも1つのアミノ酸残基が他のアミノ酸残基に置換されたアミノ酸配列を含むVH
(b)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列、または配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のPro、15番目のVal、38番目のGln、43番目のAla、44番目のPro、71番目のPheおよび87番目のTyrから選ばれる少なくとも1つのアミノ酸残基が他のアミノ酸残基に置換されたアミノ酸配列を含むVL
(1)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSer、20番目のVal、38番目のArg、46番目のGlu、93番目のVal、95番目のTyrおよび116番目のValが、他のアミノ酸残基に置換されたアミノ酸配列を含むVH
(2)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のVal、46番目のGlu、95番目のTyrおよび116番目のValが、他のアミノ酸残基に置換されたアミノ酸配列を含むVH
(3)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の46番目のGlu、および95番目のTyrが、他のアミノ酸残基に置換されたアミノ酸配列を含むVH
(1)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列(2)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(8)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(9)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(10)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(8)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(9)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(10)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(11)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(12)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(13)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(14)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(15)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(16)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(17)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(18)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(19)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(20)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(21)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(22)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(23)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(24)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(25)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(26)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(27)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(28)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(29)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(30)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(31)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(32)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(33)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(34)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(35)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(36)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(37)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(38)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(39)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(40)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(41)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(42)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(43)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(44)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(45)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(8)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(9)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(10)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(11)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(12)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(13)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(14)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(15)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(16)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(17)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(18)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(19)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、30番目のSerをThrに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、86番目のLeuをValに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(8)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(9)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(10)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、および38番目のArgをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、および46番目のGluをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、20番目のValをIleに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、38番目のArgをLysに、および46番目のGluをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、38番目のArgをLysに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(8)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、38番目のArgをLysに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(9)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、38番目のArgをLysに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(10)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、46番目のGluをLysに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(11)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、46番目のGluをLysに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(12)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、46番目のGluをLysに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(13)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(14)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(15)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(16)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、および46番目のGluをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(17)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(18)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(19)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、38番目のArgをLysに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(20)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(21)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(22)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、46番目のGluをLysに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(23)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(24)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(25)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(26)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(27)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(28)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、46番目のGluをLysに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(29)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(30)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(31)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(32)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(33)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の46番目のGluをLysに、93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(34)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の46番目のGluをLysに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(35)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の93番目のValをThrに、95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、および9番目のSerをProに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、および20番目のValをIleに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、および30番目のSerをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、および38番目のArgをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、および46番目のGluをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、および86番目のLeuをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(8)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(9)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(10)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、および20番目のValをIleに置換したアミノ酸配列
(11)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、および30番目のSerをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(12)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、および38番目のArgをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(13)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、および46番目のGluをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(14)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、および86番目のLeuをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(15)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(16)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(17)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(18)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、および30番目のSerをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(19)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、および38番目のArgをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(20)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、および46番目のGluをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(21)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、および86番目のLeuをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(22)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(23)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(24)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(25)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の30番目のSerをThrに、および38番目のArgをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(26)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の30番目のSerをThrに、および46番目のGluをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(27)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の30番目のSerをThrに、および86番目のLeuをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(28)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の30番目のSerをThrに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(29)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の30番目のSerをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(30)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の30番目のSerをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(31)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、および46番目のGluをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(32)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、および86番目のLeuをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(33)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(34)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(35)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(36)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の46番目のGluをLysに、および86番目のLeuをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(37)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の46番目のGluをLysに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(38)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の46番目のGluをLysに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(39)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の46番目のGluをLysに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(40)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の86番目のLeuをValに、および93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(41)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の86番目のLeuをValに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(42)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の86番目のLeuをValに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(43)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の93番目のValをThrに、および95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(44)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の93番目のValをThrに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(45)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の95番目のTyrをPheに、および116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の2番目のValをIleに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の9番目のSerをProに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の20番目のValをIleに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の30番目のSerをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のArgをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の46番目のGluをLysに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の86番目のLeuをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(8)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の93番目のValをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(9)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の95番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(10)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列中の116番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のVal、43番目のAla、44番目のPro、71番目のPhe、および87番目のTyrが、他のアミノ酸残基に置換されたアミノ酸配列を含むVL
(2)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のVal、71番目のPheおよび87番目のTyrが、他のアミノ酸残基に置換されたアミノ酸配列を含むVL
(1)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、44番目のProをValに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、44番目のProをValに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(8)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、38番目のGlnをArgに、44番目のProをValに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(9)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(10)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(11)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(12)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、44番目のProをValに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(13)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、43番目のAlaをThrに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(14)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(15)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、43番目のAlaをThrに、44番目のProをValに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(16)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(17)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、44番目のProをValに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(18)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、44番目のProをValに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(19)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(20)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(21)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、43番目のAlaをThrに、および44番目のProをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、44番目のProをValに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、43番目のAlaをThrに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、15番目のValをLeuに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、38番目のGlnをArgに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、43番目のAlaをThrに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、43番目のAlaをThrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(8)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、44番目のProをValに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(9)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、44番目のProをValに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(10)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(11)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のGlnをArgに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(12)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の43番目のAlaをThrに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(13)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の44番目のProをValに、71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、および15番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、および38番目のGlnをArgに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、および43番目のAlaをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、および44番目のProをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、および38番目のGlnをArgに置換したアミノ酸配列
(8)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、および43番目のAlaをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(9)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、および44番目のProをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(10)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(11)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(12)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のGlnをArgに、および43番目のAlaをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(13)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のGlnをArgに、および44番目のProをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(14)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のGlnをArgに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(15)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のGlnをArgに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(16)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の43番目のAlaをThrに、および44番目のProをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(17)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の43番目のAlaをThrに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(18)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の43番目のAlaをThrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(19)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の44番目のProをValに、および71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(20)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の44番目のProをValに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(21)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の71番目のPheをTyrに、および87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の8番目のProをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(2)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の15番目のValをLeuに置換したアミノ酸配列
(3)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の38番目のGlnをArgに置換したアミノ酸配列
(4)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の43番目のAlaをThrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(5)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の44番目のProをValに置換したアミノ酸配列
(6)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の71番目のPheをTyrに置換したアミノ酸配列
(7)配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列中の87番目のTyrをPheに置換したアミノ酸配列
(1)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVHおよび配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVLの少なくとも一方を含むヒト化抗体
(2)配列番号76で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVHおよび配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVLの少なくとも一方を含むを含むヒト化抗体
(3)配列番号78で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVHおよび配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVLの少なくとも一方を含むを含むヒト化抗体
(4)配列番号80で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVHおよび配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVLの少なくとも一方を含むを含むヒト化抗体
(5)配列番号82で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVHおよび配列番号72で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVLの少なくとも一方を含むを含むヒト化抗体
(6)配列番号71で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVHおよび配列番号84で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVLの少なくとも一方を含むを含むヒト化抗体
(7)配列番号76で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVHおよび配列番号84で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVLの少なくとも一方を含むを含むヒト化抗体
(8)配列番号78で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVHおよび配列番号84で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVLの少なくとも一方を含むを含むヒト化抗体
(9)配列番号80で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVHおよび配列番号84で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVLの少なくとも一方を含むを含むヒト化抗体
(10)配列番号82で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVHおよび配列番号84で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体のVLの少なくとも一方を含むを含むヒト化抗体
A群:ロイシン、イソロイシン、ノルロイシン、バリン、ノルバリン、アラニン、2-アミノブタン酸、メチオニン、O-メチルセリン、t-ブチルグリシン、t-ブチルアラニン、シクロヘキシルアラニン
B群:アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸、イソアスパラギン酸、イソグルタミン酸、2-アミノアジピン酸、2-アミノスベリン酸
C群:アスパラギン、グルタミン
D群:リジン、アルギニン、オルニチン、2,4-ジアミノブタン酸、2,3-ジアミノプロピオン酸
E群:プロリン、3-ヒドロキシプロリン、4-ヒドロキシプロリン
F群:セリン、スレオニン、ホモセリン
G群:フェニルアラニン、チロシン
(1)抗原の調製
抗原となるASCT2またはASCT2を発現させた細胞は、ASCT2全長またはその部分長をコードするcDNAを含む発現ベクターを、大腸菌、酵母、昆虫細胞、または動物細胞などに導入することにより、得ることができる。
3~20週令のマウス、ラットまたはハムスターなどの動物に、(1)で得られる抗原を免疫して、その動物の脾、リンパ節、末梢血中の抗体産生細胞を採取する。また、免疫原性が低く上記の動物で充分な抗体価の上昇が認められない場合には、ASCT2ノックアウトマウスを被免疫動物として用いることもできる。
骨髄腫細胞としては、マウスから得られた株化細胞を用いる。該株化細胞としては、例えば、8-アザグアニン耐性マウス(BALB/c由来)骨髄腫細胞株P3-X63Ag8-U1(P3-U1)[Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology,18,1(1978)]、P3-NS1/1-Ag41(NS-1)[European J.Immunology,6,511(1976)]、SP2/0-Ag14(SP-2)[Nature,276,269(1978)]、P3-X63-Ag8653(653)[J.Immunology,123,1548(1979)]およびP3-X63-Ag8(X63)[Nature,256,495(1975)]などが挙げられる。
(2)で得られる融合用抗体産生細胞と(3)で得られる骨髄腫細胞をMinimum Essential Medium(MEM)培地またはPBS(リン酸二ナトリウム1.83g、リン酸一カリウム0.21g、食塩7.65g、蒸留水1リットル、pH7.2)でよく洗浄し、細胞数が、融合用抗体産生細胞:骨髄腫細胞=5~10:1になるよう混合し、遠心分離した後、上清を除く。沈澱した細胞群をよくほぐした後、ポリエチレングリコール-1000(PEG-1000)、MEM培地およびジメチルスルホキシドの混液を37℃で、攪拌しながら加える。
プリスタン処理[2,6,10,14-テトラメチルペンタデカン(Pristane)0.5mlを腹腔内投与し、2週間飼育する]した8~10週令のマウスまたはヌードマウスに、(4)で得られるモノクローナル抗体産生ハイブリドーマを腹腔内に注射する。
(6)モノクローナル抗体の選択
モノクローナル抗体の選択は以下に示す酵素免疫測定法によるバインディングアッセイ、およびアミノ酸の細胞内取り込み阻害アッセイにより行う。
抗原としては、(1)で得られるASCT2をコードするcDNAを含む発現ベクターを大腸菌、酵母、昆虫細胞、または動物細胞などに導入して得られた遺伝子導入細胞、リコンビナント蛋白質、またはヒト組織から得た精製ポリペプチド若しくは部分ペプチドなどを用いる。抗原が部分ペプチドである場合には、BSAまたはKLHなどのキャリア蛋白質とコンジュゲートを作製して、これを用いる。
評価細胞として、(1)で得られた、ASCT2をコードするcDNAを含む発現ベクターを動物細胞などに導入した遺伝子導入細胞、またはASCT2を発現している正常細胞若しくは癌細胞を用いる。
遺伝子組換え抗体の作製例として、以下にヒト型キメラ抗体およびヒト化抗体の作製方法を示す。
(1)遺伝子組換え抗体発現用ベクターの構築
遺伝子組換え抗体発現用ベクターは、ヒト抗体のCHおよびCLをコードするDNAが組み込まれた動物細胞用発現ベクターであり、動物細胞用発現ベクターにヒト抗体のCHおよびCLをコードするDNAをそれぞれクローニングすることにより構築することができる。
非ヒト抗体のVH及びVLをコードするcDNAの取得およびアミノ酸配列の解析は以下のようにして行うことができる。
(1)で得られる遺伝子組換え抗体発現用ベクターのヒト抗体のCHまたはCLをコードするそれぞれの遺伝子の上流に、それぞれ非ヒト抗体のVHまたはVLをコードするcDNAをそれぞれクローニングすることで、ヒト型キメラ抗体発現ベクターを構築することができる。
ヒト化抗体のVHまたはVLをコードするcDNAは、以下のようにして構築することができる。
ヒト化抗体は、非ヒト抗体のVHおよびVLのCDRのみをヒト抗体のVHおよびVLのFRに移植しただけでは、その抗原結合活性は元の非ヒト抗体に比べて低下する[BIO/TECHNOLOGY,9,266(1991)]。
(1)で得られる遺伝子組換え抗体発現用ベクターのヒト抗体のCHまたはCLをコードするそれぞれの遺伝子の上流に、構築した遺伝子組換え抗体のVHまたはVLをコードするcDNAをそれぞれクローニングし、ヒト化抗体発現ベクターを構築することができる。
(3)および(6)で得られる遺伝子組換え抗体発現ベクター、またはそれらを改変した発現ベクターを用いて遺伝子組換え抗体の一過性発現を行い、作製した多種類のヒト化抗体の抗原結合活性を効率的に評価することができる。
(3)および(6)で得られた遺伝子組換え抗体発現ベクターを適当な宿主細胞に導入することにより遺伝子組換え抗体を安定に発現する形質転換株を得ることができる。
宿主細胞への発現ベクターの導入には、エレクトロポレーション法[日本国特開平2-257891号公報、Cytotechnology,3,133(1990)]などを用いる。
精製した本発明のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片の活性評価は、以下のように行うことができる。
本発明のASCT2の細胞外領域の天然型立体構造を特異的に認識し、かつ該細胞外領域に結合するモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片は、ASCT2が関与する疾患の治療に用いることができる。
本発明のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片を用いて、ASCT2またはASCT2が発現した細胞を検出または測定することにより、ASCT2が関連する疾患を診断することができる。
各種細胞株、ゼノグラフト、および正常組織におけるASCT2遺伝子の発現解析
(1)SCIDマウスに皮下移植したゼノグラフトの作製と腫瘍塊の調製
以下に示した方法により、ヒト癌細胞株をSCIDマウスに皮下移植し、ゼノグラフトを作製した。得られた該ゼノグラフトより腫瘍塊を摘出し、調製した。
細胞株および(1)で作製したゼノグラフトの腫瘍塊より、以下に示した方法により全RNAを抽出し、ポリA(+)RNAを精製した。
(2)で得られたポリA(+)RNAまたは市販の組織由来のmRNAより、SuperScript First-Strand Synthesis System for RT-PCR(インビトロジェン社製)を用い、cDNAを合成した。
(3)で得られたcDNA10μL[ポリA(+)RNA量として2ngに相当]に、配列番号1より設計した配列番号3で示される配列からなるASCT2遺伝子のcDNA検出用フォワードプライマー(Fw#1)および配列番号4で示される配列からなるASCT2遺伝子のcDNA検出用リバースプライマー(Rv#1)(いずれもプロリゴ社製)をそれぞれ終濃度が300nmol/Lとなるように加え、さらに10×R-PCR buffer(Mg2+ free)(タカラバイオ社製、2μL)、Mg2+ solution(250mmol/L、0.2μL)、dNTP混合物(10mmol/L、0.6μL)、Ex Taq R-PCR(以上、タカラバイオ社製、0.2μL)、およびSYBR Green I(ベーエムエー社製、製品原液を2500倍希釈したもの、1μL)を添加し、DEPC水を加え全量を20μLとした。
ヒトASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞株の造成
以下に示した方法により、配列番号5記載の遺伝子配列および配列番号6記載のアミノ酸配列を含むプラスミドpCR4-SLC1A5-myc/Hisを取得し、このプラスミドを用いてヒトASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞株を取得した。
ASCT2のN末部分ペプチドに対するモノクローナル抗体の作製
(1)免疫原の調製
キャリア蛋白質との結合の為、配列番号14記載のヒトASCT2のN末部分配列(N末端から数えて2番目から16番目までのアミノ酸)のC末端にCysを付加したN末部分ペプチドを、自動合成機(PSSM-8、島津製作所社製)を用いて合成した。
(1)で得られたヒトASCT2のN末ペプチド-KLHコンジュゲート(100μg)をアルミニウムゲル(2mg)および百日咳ワクチン(千葉県血清研究所製、1×109細胞)とともに4週令雌SDラット(日本エスエルシー社製)に投与し、更に初回投与2週間後よりコンジュゲート(100μg)を1週間に1回、計4回投与した。尾静脈より採血し、ヒトASCT2部分ペプチドに対する反応性を以下に示す酵素免疫測定法で調べ、十分な抗体価を示したラットから最終免疫3日後に脾臓を摘出した。
アッセイ用の抗原として、配列番号14記載のCysを付加したヒトASCT2のN末部分ペプチドを以下の方法でサイログロブリン(以下、THYと表記する)とのコンジュゲートを作製した。コンジュゲートの作製方法は(1)と同様であるが、MBSの代わりにスクシンイミジル 4-[N-マレイミドメチル]-シクロヘキサン-1-カルボキシレート(SMCC、シグマ社)を用いた。
8-アザグアニン耐性マウス骨髄腫細胞株P3-U1[P3X63Ag8U.1、ATCC番号:CRL-1597、European Journal of Immunology,6,511(1976)]を、RPMI1640培地(インビトロジェン社製)にグルタミン(1.5mmol/L)、2-メルカプトエタノール(5×10-5mol/L)、ゲンタマイシン(10μg/ml)およびFBS(10%)を添加した培地(以下、正常培地と表記する)で培養し、細胞融合時に必要な細胞数(2×107個以上)を確保し、細胞融合に親株として供した。
(2)で得られた抗体産生細胞と(4)で得られた骨髄腫細胞とを10:1になるよう混合し、1200rpm、5分間遠心分離(CR5B、日立製作所社製)した後、上清を捨て、沈澱した細胞群をよくほぐした後、攪拌しながら37℃でPEG-1000(1g)、MEM培地(インビトロジェン社製、1mL)およびジメチルスルホキシド(0.35mL)の混液を1×108個の抗体産生細胞あたり0.5mL加えた。
プリスタン処理した8週令ヌード雌マウス(Balb/c、日本エスエルシー社製)に(5)で得られたハイブリドーマ(5×106~20×106個/匹)をそれぞれ腹腔内に注射した。10~21日後に、ハイブリドーマは腹水癌化した。腹水のたまったマウスから、腹水(1~8mL/匹)を採取し、3000rpm、5分間遠心分離(CR5B、日立製作所社製)して固形分を除去した後、カプリル酸沈殿法[Antibodies-A Laboratory manual,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory(1988)]により精製し、KM3842精製抗体を取得した。
ASCT2のN末部分ペプチドに対するモノクローナル精製抗体の反応性検討
ASCT2のN末部分ペプチドに対するモノクローナル抗体KM3842の反応性を実施例3(3)に記載の酵素免疫測定法により検討した。1次抗体として、実施例3(6)で得られたKM3842精製抗体を1%BSA-PBSにて10、1、0.1、0.01、0.001、および0.0001μg/mLにそれぞれ希釈したものを用いた。測定の結果、図4に示すように、KM3842はASCT2のN末部分ペプチドに対し、特異的な反応性を示した。
ASCT2の細胞外領域に対するモノクローナル抗体の作製
(1)免疫原の調製
実施例2で得られたヒトASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞株を10%FBS含有IMDM培地(インビトロジェン社)で2~3日培養し、0.02%エチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)溶液(ナカライテスク社製)を用いて剥離した。免疫動物1匹あたり6×106~1×107個の細胞数となるようPBSに懸濁した。
(1)で得られた細胞懸濁液を百日咳ワクチン(千葉県血清研究所製、1×109細胞)とともに、6週令雄BXSBマウス(日本エスエルシー社製、3匹/1群)または4週令雌SDラット(日本エスエルシー社製、3匹/1群)に投与した。投与1週間後より、毎週1回、計4回投与し、投与後、該マウスの眼底または該ラットの尾静脈より部分採血した。
アッセイ用の細胞には、実施例2で得られたACST2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞株とベクター導入CHO細胞を用いた。それぞれの細胞を10%FBS含有IMDM培地(インビトロジェン社製)で2~3日培養し、トリプシン-EDTA溶液(インビトロジェン社製)で剥離した細胞をIMDM培地に懸濁し、ABI 8200用黒色96ウェルプレートに1ウェルあたり1×104個の細胞(100μL)を播種し、1晩培養した。
アッセイ用の細胞には、実施例2で得られたヒトASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞株とベクター導入CHO細胞株を用いた。それぞれの細胞を10%FBS含有IMDM培地(インビトロジェン社製)で2~3日培養した。
実施例3(5)と同様に、(2)で得られた抗体産生細胞と実施例3(4)で得られた骨髄腫細胞との細胞融合を行った。
次に、細胞融合により得られた細胞をHAT培地に懸濁した。得られた細胞懸濁液を96ウェル培養用プレートに200μL/ウェルで分注し、5%CO2インキュベーター中、37℃で8~10日間培養した。
KM3998の精製抗体は、以下の方法により取得した。
プリスタン処理した8週令ヌード雌マウス(Balb/c、日本エスエルシー社製)に(5)で得られたハイブリドーマ(5×106~20×106個/匹)をそれぞれ腹腔内に注射した。10~21日後に、ハイブリドーマは腹水癌化した。
KM4000、KM4001、KM4008、KM4012またはKM4018の精製抗体は、それぞれ以下の方法により取得した。
ASCT2の細胞外領域に対するモノクローナル精製抗体の反応性検討
(1)蛍光細胞染色法(フローサイトメーター)
実施例2で得られたヒトASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞、ベクター導入CHO細胞、および多発性骨髄腫細胞株KMS-11(HSRRB番号:JCRB1179)をそれぞれ5%CO2インキュベーター中、37℃で3~4日間培養した。
実施例2で得られたヒトASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞、ベクター導入CHO細胞、多発性骨髄腫細胞株KMS-11(HSRRB番号:JCRB1179)および大腸癌細胞株WiDr(ATCC番号:CCL-218)に、トリス-塩酸(50mmol/L、pH7.2)、1%TritonX100、塩化ナトリウム(150mmol/L)、塩化マグネシウム(2mmol/L)、塩化カルシウム(2mmol/L)、0.1%アジ化ナトリウム、フッ化フェニルメタンスルホニル(PMSF、5μmol/L)、N-エチルマレイミド(50mmol/L)、ロイペプチン(1mg/ml)およびジチオトレイトール(0.1mmol/L)の混合溶液(以下、細胞溶解用緩衝液Aと表記する)を、それぞれ5×107個の細胞あたり1mL添加し、4℃、2時間放置後、遠心分離して得られた上清を細胞溶解液として用いた。
実施例2で得られたヒトASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞、およびベクター導入CHO細胞に、トリス-塩酸(50mmol/L、pH7.5)、1%TritonX100、塩化ナトリウム(150mmol/L)、EDTA(5mmol/L)、0.1%SDS、0.5%デオキシコール酸ナトリウム、Protease inhibitor cocktail(ロシュ・ダイアグノスティックス社製)およびPhosphatase inhibitor cocktail(ロシュ・ダイアグノスティックス社製)の混合溶液(以下、細胞溶解用緩衝液Bと表記する)を、それぞれ2×107個の細胞あたり1mL添加した。
10%非働化透析牛胎児血清(以下dFBS、インビトロジェン社製)を添加したDoulbecco’s modified Eagle’s Medium(DMEM、インビトロジェン社製)(以下、グルタミン不含培地と表記する)で2×104個/mLの細胞数に調製したヒト大腸癌細胞株WiDr(ATCC番号:CCL-218)を96ウェルプレートに100μLずつ播種し、5%CO2インキュベーター中、37℃で24時間培養した。
抗ASCT2モノクローナル抗体の可変領域をコードするcDNAの単離、解析
(1)抗ASCT2モノクローナル抗体産生ハイブリドーマ細胞からのmRNAの調製
実施例5(5)で得られたハイブリドーマKM4008、KM4012およびKM4018(それぞれ5×107個の細胞)より、RNeasy Maxi Kit(キアゲン社製)およびOligotex-dT30<Super>mRNA Purification Kit(タカラバイオ社製)を用いて、添付説明書の方法に従い、約6μgのmRNAを調製した。
(1)で取得したKM4008、KM4012およびKM4018のmRNAの0.6μgから、BD SMART RACE cDNA Amplification Kit(ビーディー バイオサイエンシズ社製)を用いて、添付説明書の方法に従い、それぞれ5’側にキット添付のBD SMART II A Oligonucleotide配列を有するcDNAを取得した。
実施例5(7)で得られたKM4008、KM4012、KM4018の精製モノクローナル抗体におけるH鎖およびL鎖のN末端アミノ酸配列に関して、プロテインシーケンサー(PPSQ-10、島津製作所社製)を用いて解析し、約20残基を決定した。得られた結果と(2)で得られた各抗体の塩基配列から推定されたアミノ酸配列の比較を行った結果、各配列の一致が確認され、(2)で得られた塩基配列が目的抗体の塩基配列であることが確認された。
抗ASCT2ヒト型キメラ抗体の作製
(1)抗ASCT2ヒト型キメラ抗体発現ベクターcKM4008_93の構築
ヒト化抗体発現用ベクターpKANTEX93(WO97/10354)と実施例7(2)で得られたKM4008のH鎖cDNAを含むプラスミド08H2b10およびKM4008のL鎖cDNAを含む08La4を用いて抗ASCT2ヒト型キメラ抗体発現ベクターcKM4008_93を以下のようにして構築した。
(1)と同様にして、ヒト化抗体発現用ベクターpKANTEX93(WO97/10354)と実施例7(2)で得られたKM4012のH鎖cDNAを含むプラスミド12Ha5およびKM4012のL鎖cDNAを含むプラスミド12La4より、抗ASCT2ヒト型キメラ抗体発現ベクターcKM4012_93を構築した。
(1)と同様にして、ヒト化抗体発現用ベクターpKANTEX93(WO97/10354)と実施例7(2)で得られたKM4018のH鎖cDNAを含むプラスミド18rHa1およびKM4018のL鎖cDNAを含むプラスミド18Lb3より、抗ASCT2ヒト型キメラ抗体発現ベクターcKM4018_93を構築した。
上記(1)で得られた抗ASCT2ヒト型キメラ抗体発現ベクターcKM4008_93を用いて抗ASCT2ヒト型キメラ抗体の動物細胞での発現を、常法[Antibody Engineering,A Practical Guide,W.H.Freeman and Company(1992)]により行った。
上記(4)で得られた形質転換株を、それぞれ通常の培養法で培養した後、細胞懸濁液を回収し、3000rpm、4℃の条件で15分間の遠心分離を行って培養上清を回収した後、培養上清は0.22μm孔径MillexGVフィルター(ミリポア社製)を用いて濾過滅菌した。得られた培養上清よりProteinA High-capacityレジン(ミリポア社製)カラムを用いて、添付の説明書に従い、抗ASCT2ヒト型キメラ抗体cKM4008、cKM4012、cKM4018(以下cKM4008、cKM4012、cKM4018と表記する)を精製した。
抗ASCT2ヒト型キメラ抗体の反応性検討
(1)蛍光細胞染色法(フローサイトメーター)
実施例2で得られたヒトASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞、および多発性骨髄腫細胞株OPM-2(DSMZ番号:ACC50)をそれぞれ5%CO2インキュベーター中、37℃で3~4日間培養した。ヒトASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞は、0.02%EDTA溶液(ナカライテスク社製)で剥離し、抗体の非特異的な吸着を避けるために1%BSA-PBSを用いて氷温中、30分間ブロッキングした。
標的細胞には多発性骨髄腫細胞株KMS-11(HSRRB番号:JCRB1179)を用い、FBS(インビトロジェン社)を5%含むフェノールレッド不含RPMI1640培地(インビトロジェン社)(以下、ADCC活性測定用培地)で細胞濃度を2×105細胞/mLに調製し、標的細胞溶液とした。
ADCC活性(%)=[(検体の吸光度)-(エフェクター細胞・標的細胞自然遊離の吸光度)]/[(標的細胞全遊離の吸光度)-(標的細胞自然遊離の吸光度)]×100
標的細胞には実施例2で得られたヒトASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞、および大腸癌細胞株Colo205(ATCC番号:CCL-222)を用い、0.02%-EDTA Solution(ナカライテスク社製)で剥離し、CDC測定用培地として作製した1.4% BSA(インビトロジェン社製)、50μg/mL Gentamicin(ナカライテスク社製)を含むRPMI1640培地(インビトロジェン社製)で洗浄後、同培地で2×105細胞/mLに懸濁し、標的細胞溶液とした。
CDC活性(%)={1-[(抗体添加サンプル吸光度)-(ブランク吸光度)]/[(抗体非添加吸光度)-(ブランク吸光度)]×100}
測定の結果を図11に示す。図11に示すように、抗ASCT2ヒト型キメラ抗体cKM4008、cKM4012およびcKM4018は、抗体濃度依存的にASCT2発現細胞に対しCDC活性を有することが明らかとなった。また、大腸癌細胞株Colo205に対してもCDC活性を有することが明らかとなった。
10%dFBS(インビトロジェン社製)を添加したDMEM(インビトロジェン社製)(以下、グルタミン不含培地と表記する)で1×104個/mLの細胞数に調製したヒト大腸癌細胞株WiDr(ATCC番号:CCL-218)を96ウェルプレートに100μLずつ播種し、5%CO2インキュベーター中、37℃で24時間培養した。
マウスASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入細胞株(以下、マウスASCT2/CHOと表記)の造成
以下に示した方法により、配列番号59記載の遺伝子配列および配列番号60記載のアミノ酸配列を含むプラスミドpBluescriptII SK(-)-Mouse_ASCT2-myc/Hisを取得し、このプラスミドを用いてマウスASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞株を取得した。
マウス/ヒトキメラASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入細胞株(以下、マウス/ヒトキメラASCT2/CHOと表記)の造成
ヒトとマウスのASCT2蛋白質の模式図を図13に示す。図13中のマウスASCT2蛋白質の模式図において、黒色で示した部分(マウスASCT2の細胞外領域において、ヒトの74番目、79番目、84番目、87番目、90番目、154番目、159番目、160番目、163~171番目、173番目、174番目、177番目、188番目、204番目、205番目、207番目、210~212番目、214~223番目、287番目、293番目、296番目、297番目、300番目、301番目および367番目に相当するアミノ酸)がヒトとマウスで異なるアミノ酸である。
実施例2で作製したpCR4-SLC1A5-myc/Hisを鋳型とし、配列番号63および配列番号64記載の塩基配列を有するプライマー(0.1μg/mL、2.5μL)とQuikChange Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kitに添付の10×reaction buffer(5μL)、dNTP混合液(1μL)を含む総量50μLからなる溶液にPfuTubo DNA polymerase(1μL)を加えた。
実施例10で作製したpBluescriptII SK(-)-Mouse_ASCT2-myc/Hisを鋳型とし、配列番号67および配列番号68記載の塩基配列を有するプライマーを用い、実施例11(1)と同様の方法で、プラスミドpBluescriptII SK(-)-mNcoKO_ASCT2-myc/Hisを取得した。
(1)および(2)で得たプラスミドでdam-の大腸菌株(カタログ番号:C2925、ニューイングランドバイオラボ社製)を再度形質転換して取得したプラスミドを、EcoRI(タカラバイオ社製)およびBclI(FbaIと同一、タカラバイオ社製)で消化した。ヒトASCT2遺伝子を含むプラスミドをベクターとし、マウスASCT2遺伝子をインサートとして連結させ、大腸菌DH5α株を形質転換した。
マウスASCT2/CHOおよびマウス/ヒトキメラASCT2/CHOに対する抗ASCT2モノクローナル抗体の反応性
実施例10および実施例11で作製したマウスASCT2/CHOおよびマウス/ヒトキメラASCT2/CHO細胞を用い、実施例9(1)と同様の方法で、2次抗体としてFITC標識抗マウスイムノグロブリンG(H+L)(ダコ社製)またはALEXA488標識抗ラットイムノグロブリンG(G+L)(インビトロジェン社製)を用いて、抗ASCT2モノクローナル抗体KM4008、KM4012およびKM4018の反応性を測定した。
抗ASCT2ヒト化抗体の作製
(1)抗ASCT2ヒト化抗体のVHおよびVLのアミノ酸配列の設計
抗ASCT2ヒト化抗体のVHのアミノ酸配列を以下のようにして設計した。
抗ASCT2ヒト化抗体の可変領域のアミノ酸配列をコードするDNAは、KM4008のVHまたはVLのアミノ酸配列をコードするDNAで用いられているコドンを利用し、アミノ酸改変を行う場合は、哺乳動物細胞で高頻度で使用されるコドンを用いて、作製した。
抗ASCT2ヒト化抗体の作製
(1)抗ASCT2ヒト型キメラ抗体発現ベクターKM4008HV2LV3_93の構築
ヒト化抗体発現用ベクターpKANTEX93(WO97/10354)と配列番号87および配列番号88の合成遺伝子を用いて抗ASCT2ヒト化抗体発現ベクターKM4008HV2LV3_93を以下のようにして構築した。
(1)と同様にして、ヒト化抗体発現用ベクターpKANTEX93(国際公開第97/10354)と配列番号88および配列番号89の合成遺伝子より、抗ASCT2ヒト化抗体発現ベクターKM4008HV10LV3_93を構築した。
上記(1)および(2)で得られた抗ASCT2ヒト化抗体発現ベクターKM4008HV2LV3_93およびKM4008HV10LV3_93を用いて抗ASCT2ヒト化抗体の動物細胞での発現を、常法[Antibody Engineering,A Practical Guide,W.H.Freeman and Company(1992)]により行い、抗ASCT2ヒト化抗体を産生する形質転換株を取得した。
上記(3)で得られた形質転換株を、それぞれ通常の培養法で培養した後、細胞懸濁液を回収し、3000rpm、4℃の条件で15分間の遠心分離を行って培養上清を回収した後、培養上清は0.22μm孔径MillexGVフィルター(ミリポア社製)を用いて濾過滅菌した。
抗ASCT2ヒト化抗体の反応性検討
(1)蛍光細胞染色法(フローサイトメーター)
実施例2で得られたヒトASCT2-myc/His遺伝子導入CHO細胞、および多発性骨髄腫細胞株KMS-11(HSRRB番号:JCRB1179)をそれぞれ5%CO2インキュベーター中、37℃で3~4日間培養した。細胞は0.02%EDTA溶液(ナカライテスク社製)で剥離し、抗体の非特異的な吸着を避けるために1%BSA-PBSを用いて氷温中、30分間ブロッキングした。
標的細胞には多発性骨髄腫細胞株KMS-11(HSRRB番号:JCRB1179)および小細胞肺癌株SBC-3(HSRRB番号:JCRB0818)を用い、FBS(インビトロジェン社)を5%含むフェノールレッド不含RPMI1640培地(インビトロジェン社)(以下、ADCC活性測定用培地)で細胞濃度を2×105細胞/mLに調製し、標的細胞溶液とした。
ADCC活性(%)=[(検体の吸光度)-(エフェクター細胞・標的細胞自然遊離の吸光度)]/[(標的細胞全遊離の吸光度)-(標的細胞自然遊離の吸光度)]×100
標的細胞には大腸癌細胞株Colo205(ATCC番号:CCL-222)を用い、0.02%-EDTA Solution(ナカライテスク社製)で剥離し、CDC測定用培地として作製した1.4% BSA(インビトロジェン社製)、50μg/mL Gentamicin(ナカライテスク社製)を含むRPMI1640培地(インビトロジェン社製)で洗浄後、同培地で2×105細胞/mLに懸濁し、標的細胞溶液とした。
CDC活性(%)={1-[(抗体添加サンプル吸光度)-(ブランク吸光度)]/[(抗体非添加吸光度)-(ブランク吸光度)]×100}
10%dFBS(インビトロジェン社製)を添加したDMEM(インビトロジェン社製)(以下、グルタミン不含培地と表記する)で1×104個/mLの細胞数に調製したヒト大腸癌細胞株WiDr(ATCC番号:CCL-218)を96ウェルプレートに100μLずつ播種し、5%CO2インキュベーター中、37℃で24時間培養した。
配列番号4-人工配列の説明:ASCT2プライマー(Rv#1)
配列番号5-人工配列の説明:ASCT2-myc/His配列
配列番号6-人工配列の説明:ASCT2-myc/His配列
配列番号7-人工配列の説明:N-ASCT2プライマー(#1)配列
配列番号8-人工配列の説明:N-ASCT2プライマー(#2)配列
配列番号9-人工配列の説明:N-ASCT2プライマー(#3)配列
配列番号10-人工配列の説明:N-ASCT2プライマー(#4)配列
配列番号11-人工配列の説明:C-ASCT2-myc/Hisプライマー(Fw#2)配列
配列番号12-人工配列の説明:C-ASCT2-myc/Hisプライマー(Rv#2)配列
配列番号13-人工配列の説明:C-ASCT2-myc/Hisプライマー(Rv#3)配列
配列番号14-人工配列の説明:ASCT2ペプチド(2-16,Cys)配列
配列番号15-人工配列の説明:プライマー(mG3a2)配列
配列番号16-人工配列の説明:プライマー(mG2ba1)配列
配列番号17-人工配列の説明:プライマー(mKa1)配列
配列番号38-人工配列の説明:cKM4008VH/cKW4012VHプライマー(Fw)配列
配列番号39-人工配列の説明:cKM4008VHプライマー(Rv)配列
配列番号40-人工配列の説明:cKM4008VL/cKM4012VLプライマー(Fw)配列
配列番号41-人工配列の説明:cKM4008VL/cKM4012VLプライマー(Rv)配列
配列番号42-人工配列の説明:cKM4012VHプライマー(Rv)配列
配列番号43-人工配列の説明:プライマー(rG2a)配列
配列番号44-人工配列の説明:プライマー(rKa2)配列
配列番号55-人工配列の説明:cKM4018VHプライマー(Fw)配列
配列番号56-人工配列の説明:cKM4018VHプライマー(Rv)配列
配列番号57-人工配列の説明:cKM4018VLプライマー(Fw)配列
配列番号58-人工配列の説明:cKM4018VLプライマー(Rv)配列
配列番号59-人工配列の説明:マウスASCT2-myc/His配列
配列番号60-人工配列の説明:マウスASCT2-myc/His配列
配列番号61-人工配列の説明:マウスASCT2-myc/Hisプライマー(Fw)配列
配列番号62-人工配列の説明:マウスASCT2-myc/Hisプライマー(Rv)配列
配列番号63-人工配列の説明:ヒトASCT2 NcoIサイト変異導入用プライマー(Fw)配列
配列番号64-人工配列の説明:ヒトASCT2 NcoIサイト変異導入用プライマー(Rv)配列
配列番号65-人工配列の説明:ヒトASCT2 BamIIIサイト導入用プライマー(Fw)配列
配列番号66-人工配列の説明:ヒトASCT2 BamIIIサイト導入用プライマー(Rv)配列
配列番号67-人工配列の説明:マウスASCT2 NcoIサイト変異導入用プライマー(Fw)配列
配列番号68-人工配列の説明:マウスASCT2 NcoIサイト変異導入用プライマー(Rv)配列
配列番号69-人工配列の説明:ヒトASCT2 EL4マウス型置換用プライマー(Fw)配列
配列番号70-人工配列の説明:ヒトASCT2 EL4マウス型置換用プライマー(Rv)配列
配列番号71-人工配列の説明:KM4008 HV0配列
配列番号72-人工配列の説明:KM4008 LV0配列
配列番号73-人工配列の説明:KM4008 HV0配列
配列番号74-人工配列の説明:KM4008 LV0配列
配列番号75-人工配列の説明:HV2配列
配列番号76-人工配列の説明:HV2配列
配列番号77-人工配列の説明:HV4配列
配列番号78-人工配列の説明:HV4配列
配列番号79-人工配列の説明:HV7配列
配列番号80-人工配列の説明:HV7配列
配列番号81-人工配列の説明:HV10配列
配列番号82-人工配列の説明:HV10配列
配列番号83-人工配列の説明:LV3配列
配列番号84-人工配列の説明:LV3配列
配列番号87-人工配列の説明:HV2合成遺伝子配列
配列番号88-人工配列の説明:LV3合成遺伝子配列
配列番号89-人工配列の説明:HV10合成遺伝子配列
Claims (24)
- 抗体の重鎖可変領域が配列番号76で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、抗体の軽鎖可変領域が配列番号84で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、システムASCアミノ酸トランスポーター2の細胞外領域の天然型立体構造を特異的に認識し、かつ該細胞外領域に結合するモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
- 抗体の重鎖可変領域が配列番号82で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、抗体の軽鎖可変領域が配列番号84で表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、システムASCアミノ酸トランスポーター2の細胞外領域の天然型立体構造を特異的に認識し、かつ該細胞外領域に結合するモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
- システムASCアミノ酸トランスポーター2を介するアミノ酸の細胞内取り込みを阻害する請求項1または2に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
- 細胞障害活性を有する請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
- 細胞障害活性が抗体依存性障害活性または補体依存性障害活性である請求項4に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
- Fab、Fab’、F(ab’)2、一本鎖抗体(scFv)、二量体化V領域(Diabody)、ジスルフィド安定化V領域(dsFv)およびCDRを含むペプチドから選ばれる抗体断片である請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の抗体断片。
- 遺伝子組換え抗体である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
- ヒト化抗体およびヒト抗体から選ばれる遺伝子組換え抗体である、請求項7に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体を生産するハイブリドーマ。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片をコードするDNA。
- 請求項10に記載のDNAを含有する組換え体ベクター。
- 請求項11に記載の組換え体ベクターを宿主細胞に導入して得られる形質転換株。
- 請求項9に記載のハイブリドーマ、または請求項12に記載の形質転換株を培地に培養し、培養物中に請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片を生成蓄積させ、培養物からモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片を採取することを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片の製造方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片を有効成分として含有するシステムASCアミノ酸トランスポーター2が関与する疾患の治療薬。
- システムASCアミノ酸トランスポーター2が関与する疾患が癌である請求項14に記載の治療薬。
- 癌が血液癌、食道癌、胃癌、大腸癌、肝癌または前立腺癌である請求項15に記載の治療薬。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片を用いるシステムASCアミノ酸トランスポーター2の免疫学的検出または測定方法。
- 免疫学的測定方法が免疫沈降法である請求項17に記載の検出または測定方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片を用いるシステムASCアミノ酸トランスポーター2が発現する細胞の免疫学的検出または測定方法。
- 免疫学的検出方法が蛍光細胞染色法である請求項19に記載の検出または測定方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片を含むシステムASCアミノ酸トランスポーター2の免疫学的検出用または測定用試薬。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のモノクローナル抗体または該抗体断片を含むシステムASCアミノ酸トランスポーター2が関与する疾患の診断薬。
- システムASCアミノ酸トランスポーター2が関与する疾患が癌である請求項22に記載の診断薬。
- 癌が血液癌、食道癌、胃癌、大腸癌、肝癌または前立腺癌である請求項23に記載の診断薬。
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011550020A JP5812869B2 (ja) | 2010-01-15 | 2011-01-14 | 抗システムascアミノ酸トランスポーター2(asct2)抗体 |
| CN2011800062341A CN102803294A (zh) | 2010-01-15 | 2011-01-14 | 抗系统asc氨基酸转运蛋白2(asct2)抗体 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US29529710P | 2010-01-15 | 2010-01-15 | |
| US61/295,297 | 2010-01-15 |
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| WO2011087091A1 true WO2011087091A1 (ja) | 2011-07-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/JP2011/050556 Ceased WO2011087091A1 (ja) | 2010-01-15 | 2011-01-14 | 抗システムascアミノ酸トランスポーター2(asct2)抗体 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8501180B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5812869B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20120115511A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102803294A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TWI483737B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2011087091A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014065375A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-05-01 | 協和発酵キリン株式会社 | 酸化ストレスによる細胞増殖抑制方法 |
| JP2018535674A (ja) * | 2015-11-10 | 2018-12-06 | メディミューン,エルエルシー | Asct2特異的結合分子及びその使用 |
| WO2022244846A1 (ja) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-11-24 | Kagami株式会社 | 細胞増殖の調整のための組成物及び細胞増殖の調整方法 |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW201832778A (zh) * | 2016-11-10 | 2018-09-16 | 美商麥迪紐有限責任公司 | 對asct2具有特異性的結合分子及其用途 |
| KR102267495B1 (ko) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-06-22 | 연세대학교 산학협력단 | 미토콘드리아 타겟팅용 폴리펩타이드 및 그 용도 |
| CA3226361A1 (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-01-12 | Dyne Therapeutics, Inc. | Muscle targeting complexes and uses thereof for modulation of genes associated with muscle health |
| EP4463135A2 (en) | 2022-01-10 | 2024-11-20 | Sana Biotechnology, Inc. | Methods of ex vivo dosing and administration of lipid particles or viral vectors and related systems and uses |
| EP4602174A1 (en) | 2022-10-13 | 2025-08-20 | Sana Biotechnology, Inc. | Viral particles targeting hematopoietic stem cells |
| EP4627096A1 (en) | 2022-12-02 | 2025-10-08 | Sana Biotechnology, Inc. | Lipid particles with cofusogens and methods of producing and using the same |
| AU2024274792A1 (en) | 2023-05-23 | 2025-10-23 | Sana Biotechnology, Inc. | Tandem fusogens and related lipid particles |
| WO2025184529A1 (en) | 2024-03-01 | 2025-09-04 | Sana Biotechnology, Inc. | Viral particles with fusogen display and related compositions and methods |
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| WO2004032966A1 (ja) * | 2002-10-11 | 2004-04-22 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | 細胞増殖抑制剤 |
| WO2004101772A2 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2004-11-25 | Memorec Biotec Gmbh | Neural cells |
| WO2007109376A2 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-27 | Novartis Ag | Anti-tumor cell antigen antibody therapeutics |
| WO2010008075A1 (ja) * | 2008-07-17 | 2010-01-21 | 協和発酵キリン株式会社 | 抗システムascアミノ酸トランスポーター2(asct2)抗体 |
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| WO2005020888A2 (en) | 2003-07-02 | 2005-03-10 | Saint Louis University | Compositions and methods of treating and diagnosing hepatoma |
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- 2011-01-14 TW TW100101501A patent/TWI483737B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-01-14 CN CN2011800062341A patent/CN102803294A/zh active Pending
- 2011-01-14 JP JP2011550020A patent/JP5812869B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-01-14 KR KR1020127017400A patent/KR20120115511A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-01-14 WO PCT/JP2011/050556 patent/WO2011087091A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2011-01-18 US US13/008,532 patent/US8501180B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2013
- 2013-07-02 US US13/933,789 patent/US8673592B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2004032966A1 (ja) * | 2002-10-11 | 2004-04-22 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | 細胞増殖抑制剤 |
| WO2004101772A2 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2004-11-25 | Memorec Biotec Gmbh | Neural cells |
| WO2007109376A2 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-27 | Novartis Ag | Anti-tumor cell antigen antibody therapeutics |
| WO2010008075A1 (ja) * | 2008-07-17 | 2010-01-21 | 協和発酵キリン株式会社 | 抗システムascアミノ酸トランスポーター2(asct2)抗体 |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014065375A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-05-01 | 協和発酵キリン株式会社 | 酸化ストレスによる細胞増殖抑制方法 |
| JP2018535674A (ja) * | 2015-11-10 | 2018-12-06 | メディミューン,エルエルシー | Asct2特異的結合分子及びその使用 |
| WO2022244846A1 (ja) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-11-24 | Kagami株式会社 | 細胞増殖の調整のための組成物及び細胞増殖の調整方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102803294A (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
| TW201132355A (en) | 2011-10-01 |
| US20120039904A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
| JP5812869B2 (ja) | 2015-11-17 |
| US8501180B2 (en) | 2013-08-06 |
| US20130323789A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
| KR20120115511A (ko) | 2012-10-18 |
| TWI483737B (zh) | 2015-05-11 |
| US8673592B2 (en) | 2014-03-18 |
| JPWO2011087091A1 (ja) | 2013-05-20 |
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